LL.M. Syllabus Copy PDF 1
LL.M. Syllabus Copy PDF 1
LL.M. Syllabus Copy PDF 1
A.Y. 2022-23
(Syllabus framed by the University of
Mumbai)
SYLLABUS
(Subject to change by the University of Mumbai)
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. Law and Social Change:
1.1. Law as an instrument of social change.
1.2. Law as the product of traditions and culture. Criticism and evaluation in the light of
colonization and the introduction of common law system and institutions in India and its
impact on further development of law and legal institutions in India.
Module – II (1 Credit)
3. Language and the Law:
3.1. Language as a divisive factor: Formation of linguistic states.
3.2. Constitutional guarantees to linguistic minorities.
3.3. Language policy and the Constitution Official language; multi-language system.
3.4. Non-discrimination on the ground of language.
Module – IV (1 Credit)
7. Modernization and the Law:
7.1. Modernisation as a value: Constitutional perspectives reflected in the fundamental
duties.
7.2. Modernisation of social institutions through law. 7.2.1. Reform of family law
7.2.2. Agrarian reform – Industrialisation of agriculture. 7.2.3. Industrial reform: Free
enterprise v. State regulation – Industrialisation v. environmental protection.
7.3. Reform of court processes.
7.3.1. Criminal law: Plea bargaining; compounding and payment of compensation to
victims.
7.3.2. Civil Law; (ADR) Confrontation v. consensus; mediation and conciliation;
Lokadalats.
7.3.3. Prison reforms
7.4. Democratic decentralization and local self-government.
Module – II (1 Credit)
3. Right to equality: privatization and its impact on affirmative action.
4. Empowerment of Women.
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. Nature of judicial process:
1.1. Judicial process as an instrument of social ordering
1.2. Judicial process and creativity in law –common law model – Legal Reasoning and
growth of law – change and stability.
1.3. The tools and techniques of judicial creativity and precedent.
1.4. Legal development and creativity through legal reasoning under statutory and codified
systems.
Module – II (1 Credit)
2. Special Dimensions of Judicial Process in Constitutional Adjudications:
2.1. Notions of judicial review
2.2. ‘Role’ in constitutional adjudication – various theories of review.
2.3. Tools and techniques in policy-making and creativity in constitutional adjudication,
2.4. Varieties of judicial activism
2.5. Problems of accountability and judicial law making.
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. Objective of Legal Education.
2. Methods of Teaching – Merits and demerits.
3. Examination reforms.
Module – II (1 Credit)
4. Clinical Legal Education – Legal aid, Legal Literacy, Legal survey and Law reform.
OPTIONAL SUBJECTS-
GROUP-I BUSINESS LAW
PAPER I – FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW OF CONTRACT AND
ALLIED LAWS [4 Credits]
Module – I (1 Credit)
1.1. Nature, Object and Multi-dimensional Scope.
1.2. Foundation Theories of Law of Contract
1.3. Individualism:
1.4. Freedom of Contract.
1.5. Sanctity of Contract.
1.6. Encroachment on Freedom of Contract:
Module – II (1 Credit)
2.1. Legislative Intervention.
2.2. Socio-economic Factors.
2.3. Limitations on Sanctity of Contract.
2.4. Conceptual Analysis: Contract
2.5. Essentials of Contract.
2.6. Specific Contracts.
2.7. Standard-form contract, Exemption Clauses, Protective Measures.
2.8. Quasi- Contract: Doctrine of Unjust Enrichment, Law of Restitution.
2.9. Doctrine of Frustration: Grounds and Effects of Frustration. 2.10. Breach of
Contract and Remedies. U.N. Convention on Sales.
Module – III Alternative Disputes Resolution (1 Credit)
3.1. Historical background of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
3.2. Distinction between the Arbitration Act, 1940, and the Arbitration and
Conciliation Act, 1996.
3.3. Definition and Meaning of Arbitration
3.4. Arbitration Agreement and Arbitration Clause in Agreement 3.5. Alternative
Disputes Resolution (ADR) Process
Module – IV (1 Credit)
4.1. Composition of the Arbitral Tribunal
4.2. Number / Appointment of Arbitrators
4.3. Disqualification / Removal of Arbitrators
4.4. Termination of Authority of Arbitrator
4.5. Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunal
4.6. Conduct of Arbitral Proceedings
4.7. Making of Arbitral Award.
4.8. Finality and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards.
4.9. Recourse against Arbitral Award
4.10. Other Internationally Accepted modes of Alternative Disputes Resolution. -
(ADR)
4.11. Commercial Arbitration
4.12. Conciliation.
References: Fundamental Principles of Law of Contract:
1. Anson – Law of Contract
2. Cheshire, Fifoot and Furmston-Law of Contract
3. Pollock & Mulla – Indian Contract Act and Specific Relief Act
st
4. Chitty’s Mercantile Contracts (1 Indian Reprint)-2001
5. Dutt – Indian Contract Act,
6. Cheshire and Fifoot – Cases on Law of Contract
7. Schelsinger – Formation of Contract
8. Law of Contract – Dr. Avtar Singh
9. Dr. Meena Rao – Fundamental Concepts in Law of Contract
10. Dr. Meena Rao – Consent in Law of Contract.
11. The Law of Contracts : An Outline (2 Ed.) – Dr.Nilima Chandiramani.
nd
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement:
1.1. Introduction to World Trade Organisation
1.2. Bretton woods Conference
1.3. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1.4. World Trade Organisation
(WTO)—Establishment, Scope, Functions, Structure, Secretariat, Status, Decision-
making, Withdrawal, etc.
Module – II (1 Credit)
2. Trade in Goods:
2.1. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Rules. 2.2. Most Favoured
Nation (MFN)
2.3. National Treatment
2.4. QRs, tariff bindings
2.5. Textile and Clothing
2.6. Investment Measures
2.7. Anti-dumping, Safeguard and countervailing measures 2.8. Customs valuation,
pre-shipment inspection
2.9. Rules of origin, import licensing
2.10. Agreement on Agriculture
2.11. Sanitary and Phyto-sanitary norms.
Module – IV (1 Credit)
4. Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) :
4.1. Patents
4.2. Copyright
4.3. Industrial Designs
4.4. Trademarks
4.5. Geographical Indications
4.6. Integrated Circuits
4.7. Undisclosed Information
5. Dispute Settlement Process.
References:—
1. GATT Agreements – World Trade Center Publication
2. WTO in the New Millennium – MVIRDC World Trade Centre – Arun Goyal
3. Trade, Development and WTO (Handbook) – IMF Publication ed. Bernard
Hoekman, AadityaMattoo + Philip English
4. WTO and Globalisation – Nilima Chandiramani.
Module – II (1 Credit)
3. Corporate Finance:
3.1. Meaning, importance and scope of Corporate Finance
3.2. Capital requirements
3.3. Prospectus
3.4. Share Capital, Kinds of Shares, Shareholders, allotment of Shares.
Module – II (1 Credit)
1.5. Exemption from Customs duties
1.6. Refund of Customs duty
1.7. Clearance of Imported Goods and Export Goods 1.8. Warehousing of
Goods
1.9. Powers of Customs Officers.
1.10. Adjudicatory Proceedings
1.11. Appeals
1.12. Criminal Prosecution
Module – III (1 Credit)
2. Law Relating to Foreign Exchange:
2.1. Historical background to Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA) and Foreign
Exchange Management Act (FEMA).
2.2. Foreign exchange and currency
2.3. Foreign exchange management and noteworthy features of Foreign Exchange
Management Act (FEMA).
Module – IV (1 Credit)
2.4. New Concepts under Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).
– Resident
– Capital Account Transactions
– Current Account Transactions
– Export
– Person
– Service
– Transfer
2.5. Export of Goods and Services
2.6. Adjudication, Appeals and Penalties
2.7. Foreign Direct Investment in India
2.8. Foreign Trade, Development & Regulation Act, 1992
References :—
1. Customs Law, Practice and Procedure – T.P. Mukerjee
2. Customs Law, Practice and Procedure – Justice Roy
3. A Guide to Customs Act. – Nilima Chandiramani.
4. Foreign Exchange Management Act — DilipSheth
5. Foreign Exchange Management Manual – Taxmann.
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. Introduction:
1.1. The nature of risk and insurance.
1.2. Risk management – Principles and Practices.
1.3. Need and importance of Insurance, Future of Insurance 1.4. Kinds of Insurance,
Types of Insurance Policies, Law of Contract, Proposal, Consideration
1.5. Re-insurance and Double Insurance
Module – II (1 Credit)
4. Insurance pertaining to Life and PersonalAccidents/ Hospitalisation:
4.1. Life Insurance – Nature, Principles and Scope
4.2. Events insured against life insurance contract.
4.3. Factors affecting risk
4.4. Mediclaim, Sickness Insurance, Personal Accidents
5. Marine Insurance:
5.1. Marine Insurance – Nature, Principles and Scope
5.2. Marine Insurance Policy – Conditions – Warranties
5.3. Seaworthiness
5.4. Perils of the Sea and other Insured Perils in Marine Policies
5.5. Hull and Cargo Insurance
Module – IV (1 Credit)
7. Insurance Against Accidents arising under Tort,Contract and Statute :
7.1. Accident Policies
7.2. Assessment of compensation and Liability
7.3. Contributory Negligence
7.4. The Personal Injuries (Compensation Insurance) Act, 1963.
7.5. Compulsory Insurance.
7.6. Professional Negligence Insurance
8. Insurance Against Third Party Risks under Statute :
8.1. Relevant Provisions of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.
8.2. Claims Tribunal : constitution, functions, procedures, powers and award.
8.3. Liability Insurance: Contractual and Legal Liabilities 8.4. Public Liability
Insurance
References:—
1. Gow
1. Colinvaux – Law of Insurance (1977)
2. E.R. Hardy Ivamy – Principles of Insurance (1979) 3. Marine Insurance –
Hardy Ivamy
4. Charmers Marine Insurance Act 1906
5. Mitra B.C. – Law of Marine Insurance (1997)
6. Brijnandan Singh – Law of Insurance – (1997)
7. Banerjee, Law of Insurance (1994)
8. Birds, Modern Insurance Law – (1997)
9. John Hanson and ChristopalsHenly – All Risks
Property Insurance (1999)
10. M.N. Srinivasan – Insurance Law
11. K.S.N. Murthy and Dr. K.V.S. Sarma – Modern Law Insurance.
12. The Insurance Act – 1938
13. The Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956.
14. The Insurance Regulatory Authority
Module – I (1 Credit)
1. Introduction:
1.1. Nature and Development of banking
1.2. History of Banking in India and elsewhere-indigenous banking-evolution of
banking in India – different kinds of banks and their functions.
1.3. Multi-functional banks – growth and legal issues.
2. Law Relating to Banking Companies in India:
2.1. Controls by government and its agencies.
2.1.1. On management
2.1.2. On accounts and audit
2.1.3. Lending
2.1.4. Credit policy
2.1.5. Reconstruction and reorganization
2.1.6. Suspension and winding up
2.2. Contract between banker and customer: their rights and duties
Module – II (1 Credit)
3. Social Control over Banking:
3.1. Nationalization
3.2. Evaluation: private ownership, nationalization and disinvestments
3.3. Protection of depositors
3.4. Priority lending
3.5. Promotion of under privileged classes
4. The Central Bank:
4.1. Evolution of Central Bank
4.2. Characteristics and functions
4.3. Economic and social objectives
4.4. The Central Bank and the State – as bankers’ bank
4.5. The Reserve Bank of India as the Central Bank
4.5.1. Organisational structure
4.6. Functions of the RBI
4.6.1. Regulation of monitory mechanism of the economy
4.6.1.1. Credit control
4.6.1.2. Exchange control
4.6.1.3. Monopoly of currency issue
4.6.1.4. Bank rate policy formulation
4.7. Control of RBI over non-banking companies
4.7.1. Financial companies
4.7.2. Non-financial companies
6. Negotiable Instruments:
6.1. Meaning and kinds of instruments
6.2. Transfer and negotiations
6.3. Holder and holder in due course
6.4. Presentment and payment
6.5. Liabilities of parties
Module – IV (1 Credit)
7. Lending by Banks:
7.1. Good lending principles
7.2. Lending to poor masses
7.3. Securities for advances
7.4. Kinds and their merits and demerits
7.5. Repayment of loans: rate of interest, protection against penalty 7.6. Default and
recovery
7.7. Debt recovery tribunal
References :—
1. Negotiable Instruments Act- Bhashyam and Adiga
2. Law of Negotiable Instruments Nilima Chandiramani
3. Banking Law and Practice in India -M.L. Tannan
4. The Law of Banking and Bankers - L.C. Goyle
5. Banking Theory and Practice - K.C. Shekar
6. Banking Theory and Practice -Varshney
7. Review of current Banking theory and Practice – Basu A.
8. Pagets Law of Banking - M. Hapgood (ed)
9. Banking Reforms in India - K. Subrahmanyan
10. Report of working Group on Customer Services in Banks - R.K. Talwar
11. Law of Negotiable Instruments - Dr. P.W. Rege.
3.1. Negligence
Module- II (1 Credit)
7. General Exceptions.
Module – IV (1 Credit)
References:—
Module-I (1 Credit)
Module-II (1 Credit)
Module-III (1 Credit)
Module-IV (1 Credit)
5.6. Implementation
References: —
Russel on Crime
Module-I (1 Credit)
Module-II (1 Credit)
4. Causes of Crimes:
4.2. Physical
4.3. Economic
4.4. Psychological
Module-III (1 Credit)
Journalism
Module-IV (1 Credit)
7.3. Ombudsman
References: —
(1971)
JUSTICE SYSTEM–
(TOTAL 4 CREDITS)
1. Introductory:
2.2. Ahimsa in Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, Christian and Islamic traditions in India.
2.5. Attitudes towards legal order as possessed of legitimate monopoly over violence during
the colonial period.
Centuries in India
3.2. Colonial legal order as a causative factor of collective political (agrarian) violence
3.4. The Report of the Indian Human Rights Commission on Arwal Massacre
5. Caste/Communal Violence:
5.3. The role of police and para-military systems in dealing with communal violence
5.4. Operation of criminal justice system trying and in relation to, communal violence
NOTE: Choice of further areas will have to be made by the teacher and taught.
References: —
(1984)
– (TOTAL 4 CREDITS)
Module- I: - (1 Credit)
1. Introductory:
2. Theories of Punishment:
2. Theories of Punishment
2.1. Retribution
4. Approaches to Sentencing:
4.2. Probation
4.4. Fines
5. Sentencing:
5.6. Plea-bargaining
References:—
(4 CREDITS)
3. An Introduction to:
4.4. Atomat
4.5. Breathalyser
References: —
Investigation
and Toxicology.
References:—
NOTE: 100 marks Exam Pattern regarding the First Year Course is subject to change according to
the declaration by the Board of Studies & University of Mumbai
R.4356.The LL.M. course shall consist of Foundation course of 4 papers and
any one optional Group of 6 papers from Six Groups.
R.4357. The First Semester shall be of two Foundation Papers and two Papers
of an Optional Group. Each Paper shall be of 100 Marks. (4credits)
R.4358. The Second Semester shall be of two Foundation Papers and the
next two Papers of Optional Group opted by the student in the First
Semester. Each Paper shall be of 100 Marks(4credits)
R.4359.The third semester shall be last two papers of optional group. Each
paper shall be of 100 Marks. (4 credits each).
In addition there shall be practical examination of 100 marks (Four Credits)
as under:
1. Classroom Teaching & Seminar – 40 marks (20 marks each)
2. Choice of Practical Components comprising of 50 marks to the
students from the following Component.
3. 10 marks attendance
Choice of Practical Component:
(a) Legal Aid
(b) Loopholes / Lacunae in existing laws and reports
(c) Comparative study and its utility in context of India
(d) Debate on any contemporary legal issue
(e) Book Review / Group Discussion on current Legal Affairs
(f) Surprise Written Test
(g) Case Comments.
R.4360. Revised; The Fourth Semester shall be of Dissertation of 80 marks
and Viva-presentation of 20 marks (4 credits).
For the balance 100 marks the students would have choice to select the topic
for project from the topics listed in the syllabus of the group opted which
will have interdisciplinary approach. Out of 100marks (4credits), 50 marks
(2 Credits) would be for project and 50 marks (2 credits) for viva –
presentation.