MAthematical Preliminaries and Matrices (Tutorial 1) - 021644

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COPPERBELT UNIVERSITYPHYSICS DEPARTMENT
MPH 210 (MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR PHYSICS)TUTORIAL SHEET 1: (lighton@aims.ac.za)March 6, 2022
Mathematical Preliminaries
1. Test
 
n
=1
 n
 p
, where
 p
 = 0
.
99
, for divergence using the comparisontest.2. Does this sequence converge or diverge,(a)
 a
n
 =
 n
(b)
 a
n
 =
 nn
+1
3. Is the series
 
n
=1
 n
2
convergent or divergent?4. Check for convergence or divergence the series,
 
n
=112
n
.5. Will the series
 
n
=1
 2
n
 converge or diverge? Also find the partial sum
4
.6. Does the series
 
n
=15
n
+37
n
4
 converge or diverge.7. Check for convergence or divergence on the series
 
n
=1
n
2
5
n
2
+4
.8. For the following series of functions, check for convergence or diver-gence.(a)
 
n
=1
 f 
n
(
x
) =
 
n
=1
x
n
x
n
+1
 (
x
[0
,
1])
(b)
 
n
=1
 f 
n
(
x
) =
 
n
=1(cos
x
)
n
n
 (
x
(
π,π
)
(c)
 
n
=1
 f 
n
(
x
) =
 
n
=11
x
n
+1
 (
x
(0
,
1))
(d)
 
n
=0
 f 
n
(
x
) =
 
n
=0
 x
2
(1
x
2
)
n
(
x
[
1
,
1])
1
 
9. The total relativistic energy of a particle of mass
 m
 and velocity
 v
 is
 =
 mc
2
1
v
2
c
2
12
,
where
 c
 is the velocity of light.Find the binomial expansion for this energy and show that for
 v
 
 c
the kinetic energy of the particle approaches that of a classical particle.10. By induction, prove that the sum of integers from 1 through
 n
, heredenoted
 
n
 is given by the formula
 
n
 =
 n
(
n
+1)2
 .11. By induction, show that
n
 j
=1
 j
4
=
 n
30(2
n
 + 1)(
n
 + 1)(3
n
2
+ 3
n
1)
12. Multiply
 3 + 4
i
 by
 7
3
i
.13. Prove that the sum and product of a complex number and its conjugatecomplex are both real.14. Divide
 1 +
 i
 by
 3 + 4
i
.15. If 
 a
 = cos
θ
+
i
sin
θ
, prove that
 1+
a
+
a
2
= (1+2cos
θ
)(cos
θ
+
i
sin
θ
)
.16. Express in polar form:
 1
√ 
2 +
 i
17. Solve the following:(a)
 
+
−∞
 7(
x
2
1)
δ 
(
x
)
dx
(b)
 
+
−∞
 12
δ 
(
x
)
dx
(c)
 
+
−∞
 e
3
x
δ 
(
x
5)
dx
(d)
 
+
−∞
 sin(3
x
)
δ 
(
x
 + 2)
dx
(e)
 
4
−∞
g
(
x
)
(
x
)
δ 
(
x
3)
dx
, given that
 
(
x
) = 5
x
 + 9
x
2
and
 g
(
x
) =4
x
3
1
(f)
 
5
−∞
(15
x
4
+ 6
x
 + 7)
δ 
(
x
8)
dx
18. Solve
 
+
−∞
 e
x
δ 
(
x
3
x
)
dx
.19. Solve
 
+
−∞
 xe
2
x
δ 
(
x
3
+ 3
x
2
+ 5
x
 + 6)
dx
.2
5
 
20. Find the solutions to the following(a)
 δ 
11
(b)
 δ 
23
(c)
 δ 
33
(d)
 δ 
23
δ 
22
21. Simplify the following(a)
 δ 
km
δ 
mn
(b)
 δ 
ij
δ 
kj
δ 
in
(c)
 p
 j
δ 
 jk
(d)
 Γ
 jmk
δ 
nk
22. Show that if 
 j
 runs from 1 to
 n
, then
 δ 
 jj
 =
 n
Determinants and Matrices
1. Find the determinant
2
 
3 45 1
 
6
7 8
 
9
using the elements of the secondrow and also using the rule of Sarrus.2. Evaluate the determinant
log
3
 512 log
4
 3log
3
 8 log
4
 9
.3. Evaluate the determinant using elements of the third row for
A
 =
0 1 2 31 0 2 02 0 1 31 2 1 0
4. Solve the determinantal equation
2
x
1
 x
 + 7
 x
 + 4
x
 6 2
x
1
 x
 + 1 3
= 0
.5. Using Cramer’s rule, solve the following system of equations:
5
x
7
y
 +
 z 
 =116
x
8
y
 =153
x
 + 2
y
6
 =7
.3
5
 
6. Using Cramer’s rule, solve the following system of equations:
2
x
3
y
 + 4
 =
9
3
x
4
y
2
 =
124
x
2
y
3
 =
3
7. Find the value of 
 λ
, for which the following system of equations isconsistent and has non-trivial solution:
(
λ
1)
x
 + (3
λ
 + 1)
y
 + 2
λz 
 = 0(
λ
1)
x
 + (4
λ
2)
y
 + (
λ
 + 3)
 = 02
x
 + (3
λ
 + 1)
y
 + 3(
λ
1)
 = 0
8. Find the value of 
 k
 for which the following system of equations is con-sistent:
3
x
1
2
x
2
 + 2
x
3
 = 3
x
1
 +
 kx
2
3
x
3
 = 04
x
1
 +
 x
2
 + 2
x
3
 = 7
9. Find the values of 
 x
,
 y
,
 
 and
 ‘
a
which satisfy the matrix equation.
x
 + 3 2
y
 +
 x
1 4
a
6
 =
0
 
73 2
a
10. If 
 A
 =
1 2 22 1 22 2 1
 show that
 A
2
4
A
5
 = 0
 where
 
,
 0
 are the unitmatrix and the null matrix of order 3 respectively. Use this result tofind
 A
1
.11. Find the inverse of the matrix
2 5 33 1 21 2 1
.12. If 
 A
 =
1 1 11 2 31 4 9
,
 B
 =
2 5 33 1 21 2 1
, show that
 (
AB
)
1
=
 B
1
A
1
.13. Reduce the following matrix into an upper triangular form:
1 2 32 5 73 1 2
.
4
5
5

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