Vectors
Vectors
Vectors
head
tail
B
AB
A
What are the Physical Ǫuantities?
Do you remember,
what are the following quantities called?
Pressure Length
Height Temperature
Mass Time
Scalars Vectors
Scalar Quantity
A quantity that has only magnitude and NO direction
➔ Length
➔ Volume
➔ Mass
➔ Temperature
➔ Time
➔ Work
➔ Energy
Vector Quantity
These quantities have both Magnitude & Direction.
➔ Velocity
➔ Force
➔ Displacement
➔ Acceleration
A. 5 kg
B. 3 kg
C. 4 kg
D. 7 kg
4 kg
3 kg
Total Inflow ?
A. 7 litres/sec
B. 4 litres/sec
C. 3 litres/sec
D. 5 litres/sec 4l /s
3l /s
Total Current I coming out ?
A. 10 A
B. 5A
C. 25 A
D. 7A
Net Force on Body ?
A. 10 N
B. 5N
C. 11 N
D. ZERO
5N 5N
Net Force on Body ?
A. 10 N
B. 5N
C. 11 N
D. ZERO
5N 5N
Net Force on Body ?
A. 1N
B. 7N
C. 5N
D. ZERO
3N 4N
2N
Net Force on Body ?
A. 1N
B. 7N
C. 5N
D. ZERO
3N 4N
2N
Net Force on Body ?
A. 10 N
B. ZERO
C. Cannot be determined
D. None of these 5N
5 N
Let’s calculate the Resultant and Direction
5N
5N
5N
Magnitude of Resultant Force?
A. 5N
B. √21N
C. √29N
D. √31N
Magnitude of Resultant Force?
A. 5N
B. √21N
C. √29N
D. √31N
Magnitude of Resultant Force?
A. 5N
B. 7N
tan 37 0 = 3 / 4 C. 9N
D. 11N
Parallelogram Law of Vector Addition
If 2 vectors of same type acting simultaneously at a point are represented in magnitude
& direction along 2 adjacent sides of a parallelogram then their resultant vector is
represented in magnitude & direction by the diagonal drawn from the same point.
Ǫ R
P
If the magnitude of resultant of 2 vectors of equal magnitudes is
equal to the magnitude of either vectors, then find the
angle b / w the 2 vectors.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Find magnitude of resultant force of the 2 vectors.
F
60 0
2F
VECTORS in 3D
𝖠𝖠𝖠
Along +ve direction Along – v e direction
i represents unit vector along x axis
j represents unit vector along y axis
k represents unit vector along z axis
Magnitude of a Vector
How are two 3D vectors added?
Addition of 2 vectors resolved along 3 Dimensions
Y
^
j ^
-k
^ ^
-i i
X
^
k ^
-j
Z
How to Multiply Vectors?
DOT Product
Introduction to scalar product or DOT product
θ
P. Q Q
= PQ cosθ
θ is the angle between the vectors,
denotes the dot product
cos θ = a . b
ab
=0 ⇒ θ = 90°
a . b
a . b >0 ⇒ θ = Acute
a . b <0 ⇒ θ = Obtuse
^ ^ ^
A = Ax i + Ay j + Az k
4) If
B= Bx^i + B ^j + B ^k
y z
A . B = A x B x + A y By + A z Bz
A. 15 J
B. 25 J
C. 35 J
D. 45 J
What is Vector Product / Cross Product?
Area of ||gm - Cross Product
θ a
A.
B.
C.
D.
An expression for cross product of two vectors
^i ^j ^k
= ^i + j^+ k^
A ×B = Ax Ay Az
B = B ^i + B ^j + B ^k
x y z
Bx By Bz
Proof
An expression for cross product of t w o vectors
Proof
How to calculate cross product for t w o 3D vectors?
A. 34i + 27j + 24k
B. 33i + 27j + 23k
C. 33i + 27j + 13k
D. 23i + 28j + 23k
Solution
A.
B.
C.
D.
Two vectors A & B are acting in the same plane & the vector C is
perpendicular to the plane. The resultant of these vectors
A. May be zero
B. Cannot be zero
C. Lies between A & B
D. Lies between A & -B
Forces of 1 & 2 unit are acting along x = 0, y = 0 respectively. The
equation of the resultant line is
A. y - 2x = 0
B. 2y - x = 0
C. y+x=0
D. y- x=0
A force of 5N acts on a particle along a direction making an angle of
60 0 with vertical. It’s vertical component be
A. 10N 60 0 5N
B. 3N
C. 4N
D. 2.5N
➝ ➝
ፀ |Δ➝a|
A. 0
B. a dፀ
C. a
D. 2a d ፀ
Unit Vector parallel to the Resultant Vector of will be
The 3 vectors
➝
A = 3î - 2ĵ +1k
➝
B = 1î - 3ĵ + 5k
➝
C = 2î + 1ĵ - 4 ̂ form
A. An Equilateral triangle
B. Isosceles triangle
C. A right angled triangle
D. No triangle
k̂
P
➝ ➝ R
a c
O Ǫ
➝
b
The angle between the vectors (î + ĵ) & (ĵ + ̂ ) is
k̂
The projection of a vector➝r = 3î + ĵ + 2k ̂ , on the x-y plane has magnitude
A. 3
B. 4
C. √14
D. √10
Force acting on a particle (2î + 3ĵ) N. work done by this force is zero,
when the particle is moved on the line 3y + kx = 5 Here value of k is
(Work done ➝W➝= F.d)
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
Which of the following is the unit vector perpendicular to and ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Equation of line BA is x + y = 1. Find a unit vector along the reflected ray
AC.
Y
A.
B
C
B.
C.
D.
O A X
Let a, c be the three unit vectors, such that ➝
➝ ➝b, ➝ a +➝b + ➝
c is also a unit vector.
If pairwise angles between
➝➝ b, c are θ1, θ2 & θ3 respectively.
a, ➝
A. 3
B. - 3
C. 1
D. -1
2 balls are moving on the same smooth horizontal plane. Their velocity
components along one edge of the square plane are 10√3 m/s & 20 m/s
respectively. Their velocity components along a perpendicular edge are
30 m/s & 20 m/s. Find the angle between their directions of motion
A. 100
B. 150
C. 30 0
D. 45 0
If the position vector of the vertices of a triangle are î - ĵ + 2k ̂ ;
2î + ĵ + ̂ and 3î - ĵ + 2k̂ , then find the area of the triangle.
A. 3
B. √3
C. 6
D. √5
k̂
Forces proportional to AB, BC & 2CA act along the sides of triangle ABC
in order. Their resultant represented in magnitude and direction as
A. CA
B. AC
C. BC
D. CB
A. 30 0
B. 45 0
C. 60 0
D. 90 0