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The simplest approach to nonlinear oscillators

Article in Results in Physics · August 2019

DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102546

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 Results in Physics 15 (2019) 102546

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The simplest approach to nonlinear oscillators T

a,b,⁎
Ji-Huan He
a
School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
b
National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Keywords: This paper gives the simplest approach to the cubic-quintic Duffing equation (M.S.H. Chowdhury et al., Results
Frequency formulation in Physics 7(2017): 3962–3967), providing an extremely fast and relatively accurate estimation of the frequency
Duffing oscillator of a nonlinear conservative oscillator.
Nonlinear conservative oscillator

Recently Chowdhury et al. studied the following cubic-quintic The square of its frequency can be expressed as [7]
Duffing oscillator
2 df (x )
=
x + x + x 3 + x 5 = 0, x (0) = A, x (0) = 0 (1) dx x = A /2 (3)
and obtained an approximate solution by the harmonic balance For the cubic-quintic Duffing oscillator, f (x ) = x + x 3 + x 5 , the
method [1]. This equation can be also solved by the variational itera- frequency can be obtained immediately:
tion method [2], the homotopy perturbation method [3–5] and the
Taylor series method [6]. Here we show the frequency of Eq. (1) can be 3 2 5 4
= (1 + 3x 2 + 5x 4 )|x = A /2 = 1+ A + A
effectively solved by a one-step frequency formulation [7]. 4 16 (4)
Consider the following general nonlinear oscillator This approximate frequency gives good accuracy for small A, as
x + f (x ) = 0, x (0) = A, x (0) = 0 (2) shown in Table 1, and its relative error is about 25% when A tends to

Table 1
Comparison of the approximate frequencies with the exact one.
A Exact frequency Eq. (5) Relative Error of Eq. (5), % Eq. (4) Relative Error of Eq. (4), % Ref. [8] Relative Error of [8], %

0.1 1.003770 1.004167 0.0396 1.003759 0.001095 1.00378 0.00028542

0.3 1.03554 1.038699 0.3051 1.034423 0.107866 1.03577 0.0226153
0.5 1.10654 1.113492 0.6283 1.098649 0.713123 1.10835 0.163512
1 1.52359 1.371781 9.9639 1.436140 5.739667 1.54847 1.63324
3 7.26863 7.100317 2.3156 5.750000 20.892824 7.72648 6.29895
5 19.1815 18.584329 3.1129 14.665010 23.545551 20.5097 6.92444
8 48.2946 46.638668 2.8406 36.455452 24.516364 51.7378 7.12965
10 75.1774 72.541942 3.5057 56.577381 24.741503 80.572 7.17588
20 299.223 288.42041 3.6102 224.278844 25.046255 320.877 7.23675
50 1867.57 1799.5928 3.6400 1398.213503 25.131936 2003.04 7.25363
70 3659.98 3526.6480 3.6429 2739.854193 25.140187 3925.51 7.2552
100 7468.83 7196.6405 3.6443 5590.840813 25.144356 8010.77 7.25603
300 67215.57 64765.150 3.6456 50312.20032 25.147993 72093.2 7.25674
500 186709.04 179902.17 3.6457 139754.9194 25.148285 200258. 7.2568
700 365949.25 352607.70 3.6457 273918.9981 25.148365 392506. 7.25682
1000 746834.69 719606.95 3.6458 559017.6652 25.148408 801031. 7.25682

⁎
Address: School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China.
E-mail address: [email protected].

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102546
Received 22 June 2019; Received in revised form 25 July 2019; Accepted 29 July 2019
Available online 03 August 2019
2211-3797/ © 2019 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0/).
J.-H. He Results in Physics 15 (2019) 102546

infinite. In order to improve its accuracy, we can use more location solutions of strongly nonlinear cubic-quintic Duffing oscillator based on the har-
points in stead of x = 0.5A , and its average value is used, for example monic balance method. Results Phys 2017;7:3962–7.
[2] Anjum N, He JH. Laplace transform: making the variational iteration method easier.
Appl Math Lett 2019;92:134–8.
1 df (x ) df (x ) df (x ) [3] Wu Y, He JH. Homotopy perturbation method for nonlinear oscillators with co-
= + +
3 dx x = 0.3A dx x = 0.5A dx x = 0.7A
ordinate dependent mass. Results Phys 2018;10:270–1.
[4] Liu ZJ, Adamu MY, Suleiman E, et al. Hybridization of homotopy perturbation
= 1 + 0.83A2 + 0.51783A4 (5) method and Laplace transformation for the partial differential equations. Therm Sci
2017;21:1843–6.
Eq. (5) gives a good accuracy for both small A and large A, the [5] Adamu MY, Ogenyi P. New approach to parameterized homotopy perturbation
relative error is less than 4% when A = 1000, see Table 1. method. Therm Sci 2018;22(4):1865–70.
[6] He JH, Ji FY. Taylor series solution for Lane-Emden equation. J Math Chem 2019.
To be concluded, this paper suggests a simple but effective approach https://doi.org/10.1007/s10910-019-01048-7.
to nonlinear oscillator for fast insight into its basic property. The [7] He JH. The simpler, the better: analytical methods for nonlinear oscillators and
method can also extend to fractal oscillators [9,10] and the variational fractional oscillators. J Low Freq Noise Vibr Act Control 2019. https://doi.org/10.
1177/1461348419844145.
approach to nonliner oscillators [11,12]. [8] Khan NA, Riaz F, Khan NA. Parameters approach applied on nonlinear oscillators.
Shock Vibr 2014. Article ID 624147.
Acknowledgement [9] He JH. Fractal calculus and its geometrical explanation. Results Phys
2018;10:272–6.
[10] He JH, Ji FY. Two-scale mathematics and fractional calculus for thermodynamics.
The Table 1 was calculated by the reviewer, Prof. Dr. Najeeb Alam Therm Sci 2019. https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI1904131H.
Khan. The author does appreciate his kind help and his precious time. [11] He JH. A modified Li-He’s variational principle for plasma. Int J Numer Method
Heat Fluid Flow 2019. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-06-2019-0523.
[12] He JH. Lagrange crisis and generalized variational principle for 3D unsteady flow.
References Int J Numer Method Heat Fluid Flow 2019. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-07-2019-
0577.
[1] Chowdhury MSH, Hosen MA, Ahmad K, Ali MY, Ismail AF. High-order approximate

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