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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2016E.
1. What does it mean when say MIS is an integrated user machine?

When we say MIS is an integrated user machine, it means that Management Information
Systems (MIS) combine the efforts of users (humans) and machines (technology) to create a
cohesive system. In other words, MIS brings together the capabilities of both humans and
machines to effectively manage and analyze data within an organization.
In this context, the term "integrated" refers to the seamless integration of human and
technological components. Users interact with the system through interfaces, such as computer
software or applications, to input, retrieve, and analyze data. Machines, on the other hand,
handle the processing and storage of information, utilizing various technologies and tools.
The integration of users and machines in MIS allows for efficient data management and
decision-making. Users provide the necessary input, expertise, and context to interpret and
analyze the data, while machines handle the complex processing tasks, such as data storage,
retrieval, and computation. This collaboration between humans and machines enables
organizations to leverage the strengths of both to achieve better outcomes and insights.
2. How does information technology help people?

1. Communication: Information technology allows people to communicate more easily and
efficiently through email, instant messaging, video conferencing, and social media platforms.
2. Access to information: Information technology provides access to a vast amount of
information and resources, including educational materials, research databases, news, and
entertainment.
3. Automation: Information technology can automate repetitive tasks, saving time and
increasing efficiency in various aspects of work and daily life.
4. Collaboration: Information technology enables people to collaborate on projects and share
information with others, regardless of geographical location.
5. Efficiency: Information technology can streamline processes and operations, making
businesses and organizations more efficient and productive
6. Personalization: Information technology allows for personalized experiences, such as
targeted advertising, customized recommendations, and tailored learning experiences.
7. Innovation: Information technology drives innovation by providing tools and platforms
for developing new products, services, and solutions to various challenge
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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2016E.C
3. Why do we process data and what are the criteria to be meet in data
processing?
Data processing is the transformation of raw data into meaningful information that can be
used for decision-making and analysis. We process data to extract valuable insights, identify
patterns, and derive useful information that can guide actions and strategies.
The criteria that need to be met in data processing include:
- Accuracy: The processed data should be free from errors and reflect the true values.
Accuracy ensures that the information derived from the data is reliable and trustworthy.
- Timeliness: Data processing should be done in a timely manner to ensure that the
information is relevant and up-to-date. Timeliness is crucial, especially in fast-paced
environments where decisions need to be made quickly.
- Relevance: The processed data should be relevant to the purpose for which it is being
processed. Irrelevant or extraneous data can lead to confusion and inaccurate analysis.
- Completeness: All relevant data should be included in the processing to avoid missing
important information. Incomplete data can result in biased or incomplete analysis, leading to
flawed decision-making.
- Cost-effectiveness: Data processing should be done in a cost-effective manner,

considering the resources required. It is important to balance the costs associated with data
processing with the value and benefits derived from the processed information.
By adhering to these criteria, data processing ensures that the information generated is
accurate, timely, relevant, complete, and cost-effective, enabling organizations to make
informed decisions and gain valuable insights
4. Define clearly structure and unstructured frameworks of information

system?
Clearly structured and unstructured frameworks are two different approaches to organizing
information systems:
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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2016E.C
- Clearly structured frameworks: These frameworks have well-defined procedures,

rules, and processes in place. They are typically supported by formal software systems that
enforce consistency and accuracy in data management. Clearly structured frameworks provide
a systematic and organized approach to information management, ensuring that data is
processed, stored, and retrieved in a standardized and efficient manner. This structured
approach is beneficial for tasks that require consistency, reliability, and scalability.
- Unstructured frameworks: In contrast, unstructured frameworks are more flexible

and adaptable. They do not have strict rules or predefined processes. Instead, they rely more
on human intervention and judgment. Unstructured frameworks are often used in situations
where decision-making requires creativity, critical thinking, and flexibility. They allow for more
freedom and customization in data processing and analysis. Unstructured frameworks are
commonly employed in areas such as research, innovation, and problem-solving, where there is
a need for exploration and experimentation.
Both structured and unstructured frameworks have their advantages and are suitable for
different contexts. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements, goals,
and nature of the information system and the tasks it needs to accomplish.
REFERENCE
From handout
From module of haram be university
From internet or Google

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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 2016E.

1. What does it mean when say MIS is an integrated user machine?

2. How does information technology help people?

The criteria that need to be met in data processing include:

- Cost-effectiveness: Data processing should be done in a cost-effective manner,

4. Define clearly structure and unstructured frameworks of information

- Clearly structured frameworks: These frameworks have well-defined procedures,

- Unstructured frameworks: In contrast, unstructured frameworks are more flexible

From module of haram be university

From internet or Google

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