Lecture 45:endocrine Functions of The Testes: DR Shamshad
Lecture 45:endocrine Functions of The Testes: DR Shamshad
Lecture 45:endocrine Functions of The Testes: DR Shamshad
Testes
Dr Shamshad
Objectives:
1. Identify the different sex hormones secreted by tesits and
contrast their biological activity.
2. Describe the mechanism of action and the physiological
effects of testicular androgens relating them to age.
3. Identify the role of testosterone in male puberty.
4. Discuss the role of hypothalamuo-hypophyseal -testiclar
axis.
5. Correlate this knowledge to the pathogenesis of the male
hypogonadism.
Hormones secreted by Testes
Androgens Others
• Testosterone o Inhibin B and Activins
• Dihydrotestostereone:DHT o Anti-Mullerian
• Pregnenolone hormone(Mullerian -
• Progestrone inhibiting substance,MIS)
• 17-OH progestrone o Insulin -Like factor 3
• Andosterndione
• Oestradiol
Androgens
All Androgens are steroid compounds
3 -β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
17, 20-desmolase
17, 20-desmolase
3 -β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Aromatase
Muscles Increase: Muscle mass, lean body mass, Anabolic effect on muscles
Skin and Increase: sebaceous secretion , acne formation, male distribution of hair,
hair temporal baldness
Skeletal Pubertal growth spurt: Increase: bone matrix thus bone density,Calcium salts
organs deposition,Accelerate linear growth, closure of epiphysis of endplates of bone,
Funnel shaped pelvis with narrow outlet,strengthening of pelvis
Activin A βA βA
stimulates
Activin FSH Activin AB βA βB
secretion
Activin B βB βB
Follistatin:
A Pituitary autocrine glycoprotein
Inhibits secretion of FSH by binding to and blocking the action of
Activitins
Kisspeptins: a family of neuropeptides localised to the arcuate
nucleus in the brain,
Which are upstream stimulators of GnRh secretion.
GnIH :Acts by regulating GnRh and may also operate at the level
of the testes as regulators of steroidogenesis
Hypogonadism
Fetal life:When the testes of the male fetus are nonfunctional
during fetal life none of the male characteristics develop
.Develop female sex organs.