1|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

K TO 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM FOR GRADE 12

PARAÑAQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL-BACLARAN
Rimas St., Dimasalang Ext., Baclaran, Parañaque City
S.Y. 2019-2020

Module 2
Various Contemporary Art Forms and their Practices from the Various Regions

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, the learners will be able to:

A. know Different Contemporary Art Forms and Practices;
B. appreciate the Contemporary Art Forms and Practices from Various Regions; and
C. perform an activity about how the art differs from before and in the present
time.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Module 2: Various Contemporary Art Forms and their Practices from the Various
Regions
B. Things Needed: Handout, laptop, projector, paper, pen, pictures, envelope, and
tape.
C. Values to be inculcated: Acceptance, respect, credibility
D. References:

Sandagan, Luzviminda D., Sayseng Ayesha H., Contemporary Philippines Arts from
the Regions, SFS publishing services, Pasay City, 2016
https://www.britannica.com/art/dance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPDRC_Dancing_Inmates

I. Lesson Proper
A. Pretest

_____ 1. All of this is one of the contemporary art forms except from one:
A. Astronomy C. Dance
B. Architecture D. Music
_____ 2. Movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given
space, for the purpose of expressing emotion.
A. Arts C. Dance
B. Architecture D. Theater
_____ 3. Bodabil is a kind of stage show introduced by ____.
A. American C. Malaysian
B. European D. Indonesian
_____ 4. All of them are genres of music except:
A. Arts C. Pop
B. Jazz D. Rock and Roll
____ 5. They are one of the famous dance groups wherein they are all prisoners.
A. Dance Impact C. GFAM
B. Cebu Dancing Inmates D. XB Gensan
_____ 6. It is style in the Philippine Theater which highlights discussion of social ideas.
A. Drama C. Presentational
B. Dula-Dula D. Psychological
_____ 7. The ‘Father of Philippine Movies”
A. Celso Ad C. Jose Nepomuceno
B. Daisy Avellana D. Napoleon Abueva
_____ 8. The Philippines architecture was characterized as simple, rational, and _____
A. Amazing C. Great
B. Functional D. Old
_____ 9. The Ballet dance comes from _____ .
A. American C. Malaysian
B. European D. Taiwanese
_____ 10. It is a kind music purely Pilipino writers and singers
A. OPM C. Jazz
B. PPOP D. A&B
2|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

B. Explore: The Amazing Stations!

Direction: The class will be divided in to 7 groups with a 4 members in each group.
Each group will have a representative in every stop of the lane where there will be a
task to do to get the piece of puzzle. After combining all the puzzles they will come up
with one picture and one representative in each group will explain it.

Guide Questions:

1. How did you find this activity?

_________________________________________________________________
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2. What is the picture that you have come up?

_________________________________________________________________
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3. What can you say about the picture and how it will be related to our topic?
_________________________________________________________________
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C. Firm-up: Put it where it belongs

Direction: The class will be divided into three (3) groups. They will be given a
envelope with a pictures of some examples of Contemporary Art Forms in Various
Regions. Each member of the group will have one (1) picture and they need to put the
picture where it belongs if it will be found in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. After putting
it they will explain it in the class what they know about it.

Guide Questions:

1. What did you notice in the pictures?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

2. What did you feel during the activity?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

3. How can you connect these pictures to your life?

_________________________________________________________________
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3|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

D. Deepening

Various Contemporary Art Forms

1. Dance
- The movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given
space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply
taking delight in the movement itself.
- During American Period, vaudeville or bodabil dancing became popular.
- Bodabil is a king of stage show introduced by the American.
- Later on, European classical ballet entered the scene.
- Modern Dance arises after the ballet became popular.
- Modern Dance is revolutionary in nature and does not conform to the rules of
classical ballet.
- Modern Dance has a wide range of dances. Contemporary, Hip-hop, Ballroom and
many more are some types of modern dance
- Folk and Social Dances followed the rise of modern dance
- The Bureau of Education implemented that the Folk Dance will be in educational
system.
- Cebu Dancing inmates are one of the famous dance groups in the VII Central
Visayas wherein they are all prisoners. Dancing is already one of their daily routine.
- The Leyte Dance Theater in region VIII caters to the numerous demands of dance
enthusiasts and continues providing dance productions and trainings to children
from public schools, elementary schools and out of school youths in Eastern Visayas
region.

2. Music
- During the American Period, the music of the country was classical due to influence
of European.
- As time goes by the classical and traditional or ethnic music’s combined.
- Philippine Music continuously evolved, and Pinoy Pop took place.
- Pinoy pop covers different forms like jazz, dance hits, folksongs, rock and roll, rap,
etc. Example of this is the songs from the competition of PPOP love songs.
- Later on, the OPM became popular.OPM is a kind of music purely Filipino and is
composed and sang by Filipino composers and singers.
- The OPM was followed by alternative music.
- Alternative music is produced by performers who are outside the musical
mainstream, that is typically regarded as more eclectic, original, or challenging than
most popular music , and that is often distributed by independent record labels
- An example of this is Freddie Aguilar’s Anak, Herber Bartomes’s Tayo’y mga Pinoy
and Florante De Leon’s Ako’y Pilipino.
- At the present time, different music genre combines to other genres of ethnic and
many other genres.
- In NCR the singers Gary Valenciano, Rey Valera, Ryan Cayabyab are one the best
singers.

3. Theater
- The educational system of America improved the theater in the Philippines
- In the early stage of Philippine Theater western culture has influenced us. The
Philippine Theater was Americanized.
- Later on, because of the exposure of the different theatrical styles the Filipino’s
were able to expand the idea of theater.
- The Filipino’s relate it to Philippine realities. Those Filipino in the field of theater
started to experiment on traditional theater like sarsuela, komedya and sinakulo.
- Different styles were employed in the Philippines Contemporary Theater.
- First is the representational style composed of psychological and social realism.
- Psychological realism deals with the problems of individuals while social realism
deals with the problems of individuals considering the society.
- Another style is presentational, which highlights discussion of social ideas. It is more
played during the Marcos regime. An example of this is the Theater of the
Oppressed by Agusto Boal.
- The documentary style which intends to discuss historical events.
- Mayo A-Biente Uno of Al santos is an example of this.
- There are other forms of theater art that emerged like dula-dula. This is a short
poem drama
- Musicals with themes, dance drama, traditional drama and etc.
- In the regional scene, the National Theater Festival of the CCP involved
4|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

performances of theater arts established in the regions.

- The establishment of this only shows that there are regional initiatives to develop
the theater art.
- Daisy Avellana is considered to be the first lady of the Philippine Theater. Avelllana
was not only a notable actress but was a passionate director and writer. Her
contributions had bought “ a new level of excellence by staging and performing in
breakthrough productions of classic Filipino and foreign plays.
- Her performances were exquisite and alluring, taking in roles and productions such
as Macbeth in Black Othello etc.
- Rolando Santos Tinio was a director, actor, educator, critic, translator, poet and
dramatist.
- He translates Western classics in tagalog, including the works of Shakespeare.
- His highlights of his life are when he became the artistic director of the CCP’s
resident theater company.

4. Literature
- In the field of poetry during the contemporary period, publication of young poets to
campus journals emerged.
- The “Bagay” movement also took place. It is a kind of poetry which uses colloquial
language and is built on concrete images which tend to describe experiences.
- Amado V. Hernandez introduced another forms of poetry through his work “Ang
Bayang Malaya”.
- It is a long narrative piece about a peasant leader. Oppression and fighting for the
human rights are the mainthemes of the said piece.
- Social protest and social realism became the theme of the poems. The nationalist
spirit arose because of the Marshall Law.
- The works of American and British poem influence English poems in the Philippines.
The works now revolved on subjects like the search for love, identity and
oppression.
- This was followed by the poems concerning the social issues.
- In the area of short stories, after the WWII it focuses only on the self-consciousness
and self-expression. NVM Gonzales, Nick Joaquin, Francisco Arcellana, Edith Tiempo
etc. are one of the short story writers.
- There are also short stories produced which use vernacular language. However, It
was only the publication of the Filipino literary works that continues due to the lack
of moral and financial support and die to writer’s choice producing works using a
language that can be understood by more readers.
- Short stories depicting the lives of the working class emerged. Social protest fiction
was produced during the Marcos Era.
- In the area of Novels, the production of novels with sociopolitical themes continues
after the WWII.
- English novelist, on the other hand, like the English poets and short sotry, focused
the search for identity.
- In the area of essay and criticism, literary criticism was produced after the WWII
aiming to analyze the Philippines writing.
- Informal essay, on the other hand, also took the scene which was developed by
women writers.
- The Contemporary Philippines Literature was a mixture of a variety of subjects. It is
also a product different innovative technique of writers.

5. Architecture
- In the American Colonial and Contemporary period, the Philippine architecture
adopted the modern Western architectural style
- The Philippines architecture was characterized as simple, rational, and functional.
- In the 20th century young Filipino’s studied in America and brought changes to the
Philippines when they come back.
- Some of them are Juan Arellano, Carlos Barreto and Antonio Toledo.
- They introduced the neoclassic style building. They tend to revive the classic
architecture
- During this period Metropolitan Theater was build. Arellano designed the theater
and experimented with romanticism.
- It was also in 20th century when the “tsalet” was developed.
- It is a type of house on stilts with a front porch made of wood and concrete. The
steel was also used during this time to protect their houses from disasters.
- The new generation of architects changed path and deviated the traditional
5|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

architecture. These architects introduced new designs. Commercial building began

to be in demand.
- After WWII real estate development and two story houses were introduced.
- Urban housing, multi-story tenements and government housing projects emerged
due to over population and decrease in land availability
- On the other hand those houses owned by the upper class were characterized as
huge with large front garden condominiums also emerged
- Expressway, convention center, hospitals, hotels, malls, high rise building,
amusement park, etc were constructer at Marcos Era. All these comes with
technological advancements like escalators, elevators, air conditioning, and
computer
- In the urban places residential houses, churches, public market, business space
were already merged.
- Themes, parks, resorts developed near the tourist spots and the cultural heritages
were given attention.

6. Film
- The film industry in the Philippines started in 1897 through the initiatives of
businessmen.
- Swiss entrepreneurs were the first to feature film in Manila. The film became popular in
1912 when foreigners Harry Brown and Edward Gross make a film about Dr. Jose
Rizal.
- The first Filipino who produced a film and the ‘Father of Philippine Movies is Jose
Nepomuceno,
- Philippine film during early times was greatly influenced by Hollywood since the local
directors set Hollywood as their model.
- But still they can’t reach the level of the quality of American level due to the gap of
technology and budget.
- The lives of Filipinos were portrayed in the film with the Tagalog language. The use of
Tagalog language garnered audience because they understand more on Tagalog.
- There were films produced by the influenced of zarzuela, sinakulo, komedya and etc.
- Literary works inspired filmmaking.
- In the Japanese occupation they bring some type of film but still Hollywood films are
more entertaining.
- In 1942 movie productions stopped and Filipinos went back to stage shows. Movie
production continued after the war.
- Films after the war are more on war stories like Dugo ng Bayan.
- Philippines started regain strength. The big four film studios became prominent they
are the LVN, Sampaguita, Lebran and Premiere.
- Film awards were also instituted so Filipino movies, directors and producers started to
be recognized locally and internationally.
- Sex films started to enter the movie industry. Fan movies whose target audience was
the avid fans of the stars also entered the scene. Slapstick comedies and action
movies also became popular.
- During Marcos regime, the government regulated filmmaking. Film scripts had to be
submitted prior production, the content of the film was given attention.
- During this era also the new young directors who started the “new cinema” three of
these directors were Lino Brocka, Celso Ad and Ishmael Bernal.
- The movies of the new cinema revolved around the themes love in a hostile setting,
nationhood and social issues.
- In the contemporary period, Philippine film revolved around a variety of subjects and
themes like martyr wife, superhero, action, melodramas, comedies etc.
- Among all the art forms the film has the largest audience.

7. Visual Arts
- In the American Period, education was introduced. There are Filipinos who studied
abroad and influenced the art making of the Philippines and they Juan Arellano,
Diosdado Lorenzo and Victorio Edades
- Jose Nepomuceno introduced the modern visual art through exhibition which
shocked many Filipino due to different styles in painting.
- He uses dull and dark hues in his works with the life the laborers and lower sector
as his subjects.
- After the triumvate introduced art modernism, thirteen artists followed their path
and called the Thirteen Moderns.
6|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

- Vicente Manansala, Cesar Legaspi, Anira Magsaysay-Ho, Hernando Ocampo, and

Carlos Francisco were few of those thirteen.
- Urban setups became the usual subjects of visual art.
- After WWII, artist creating proletarian art which depicts the life after the war, social
issues and economic problems.
- Modernism garnered a larger influenced since there were institution created like the
Art Association of the Philippines etc. which supported the modern art.
- Through the years many things have changed in the art, there were stylistics arts
and drawings and thematic artworks reflecting historical, social, economic and
political themes.
- It was also during this period Paris Cubism took its scene. It is a king of cubism
showing fragmented figures in larger planes color harmonies and texture.
- Abstraction took its scene also during this period. Among the known abstractionist
during those times were H.R. Ocampo, Constantino Bernardo, Fredeico Aguilar
ALcuaz, Arturo Luz and Jose Joya.
- In sculpture, Napoleon Abueva became famous because of his modern works using
different material like woods, metal and stones.
- Other sculptors joined Abueva’s modernism and they produced creative works using
plastics, jade, brass and other materials.
- Philippine art during this period reflects dynamism, freedom of expression and
concern to the masses.
- Sculptors like Ramon Orlina and Impy Pilapil explored using the glass in sculpting.
- Surrealism explored the world of dream. The know surrealist were Galo Ocampo
and Juvenal Sanso.
- There were also social realist continued doing proletarians art but they used other
popular art form in conveying nationalistic messages like comic, posters, and
cartoons.
- Magic realism also entered the art scene. This refers to the style in painting showing
minute details of the subjects and highlighting their texture and color.
- Genre painting is showing the lives of town folks, legends and traditions stayed in
the Philippines.
- Moreover, the use of indigenous material became a trend in sculpture and
installation art to promote environmental awareness.
- Indeed, visual art has developed and transformed through the years. The significant
development of the modern and contemporary art shows only how Filipinos
imaginative and good in arts.

E. ABSTRACTION

Visual arts, Music, Architecture, Theater, Film, Literature and Dance are the seven
Contemporary Art form and each art forms have significant developments in the contemporary
period. The artists thirst for innovation, the social, economic, and political environment, and the
emerging new technologies are among the factors that influenced the development of these
contemporary art forms.

Included in the visual arts are the genre painting, sculpture, proletarian art, paris cubism,
surrealism, and magic realism. Visual Art has developed and transformed through the years.
The significant development of modern and contemporary art in the country only shows how
creative, innovative and free-thinkers the Filipino are. Included in Literature are the poetry,
short story, novels and essay and criticism. The contemporary Philippine literature was a
mixture of a variety of subjects. It is also a product of different innovative techniques. of
writers. Included in Music are the classical, theater music, Pinoy pop, Manila Sound, OPM,
alternative music and indigenous music. Included in Theater are the stage show, dula-dula,
sarswela, sinakulo, and komedya. Theater has different styles, presentational and documentary
style. Included in Dance are the Bodabil dancing, ballet, Modern dance, folk and social dances,
numerous folkloric dance and indigenous dance. The Philippine Architecture was characterized
as simple, rational and functional. Among all art forms, Film has the largest audience. In the
contemporary period, Philippine Film revolved around a variety of subjects and themes like
martyr wife, superhero, action, melodramas, comedies and many more.

Art is one of the wonderful things in the world because it is the way of the artists to
express their thoughts and creativity and it shows the beauty of the world. We have different
perspective, belief and traditions, and because everything has a meaning, we need to respect
7|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

each other's works and learn to appreciate every art in the world especially the Philippine Arts.

F. Application: Talent Mo! Show Mo!

Directions: The class will be divided into four (4) groups. Each group will choose one art
form from dance, music, theater or literature. Each group will be given five (5) minutes to
present how the contemporary Philippine arts differs from before and in the present time. One
representative will explain the said differences.

Rubrics in Dance Rubrics in Music Rubrics for Rubrics for

Theater Literature
Choreography 5 7 9 Originality 4 6 8 Action/Movement 6 8 10 Piece 6 8 10

Performance 3 4 Rhythm 3 4 Voice/Speech 2 3 4 Content 2 3 4

5 5
Costume/Props 1 2 3 Performance 1 2 3
Costume 1 2 Tone 2 3
3 4 Cooperation 1 2 3 Cooperation 1 2 3

Cooperation 1 2 Cooperation 123

3

Guide Questions:

1. What did you feel while doing the activity?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

2. What did you realize after doing the activity?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

3. How can you relate art in your life?

_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

G. Assignment:

1. Give some example of national artist and their contribution.

2. Give some criteria to become a national artist.
8|Contemporary Arts in the Philippines and its History

Module 2
Various Contemporary Art Forms and their Practices from the Various Regions
Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________
Gr. & Sec. __________________________________

I. Choose the letter of the correct answer in the box below.

A. Bagay Movement G. Juan Arellano M. Pinoy Pop

B. Dance H. Modern Dance N. Presentational Style
C. Documentary Style I. Napoleon Abueva O. Representational Style
D. Film J. OPM
E. Genre Painting K. Philippine Architecture
F. Jose Nepomuceno L. Philippine Literature

1. It was characterized as simple, rational and functional.

2. It is a movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given
space.
3. Among all the art forms, the ____________ has the largest audience.
4. It is a product of different innovative techniques of writers.
5. It covers different forms like jazz, dance hits, folksongs, rock and roll, rap and etc.
6. It shows the lives of townsfolks, legends, and traditions stayed in the Philippine
contemporary period.
7. This style of contemporary theater highlights discussion of social ideas.
8. This style of contemporary theater was composed of psychological and social realism.
9. This style of contemporary theater tends to discuss historical events.
10. He designed the Metropolitan Theater and experimented with romanticism.
11. It is revolutionary in nature and does not conform to the rules of classical ballet.
12. He was the First Filipino who produced a film and is also tagged as the Father of
Philippine Movies.
13. It is a kind of poetry uses colloquial language and is built on concrete images which
tend to describe experiences.
14. It is a kind of music purely Filipino and is composed and sung by Filipino composers
and singers.
15. He became famous because of his modern works using different materials like
woods, metals and stones.

II. Enumeration
16-20. Give the seven major various contemporary art forms.