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    Lecture 01

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    Lecture 01

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    Lecture 01

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    of 32

    Java: An Introduction

    Swakkhar Shatabda

    CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming, Summer 2016


    Department of Computer Science and Engineering
    United International University

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 1


    Course Teacher

    Dr. Swakkhar Shatabda


    Assistant Professor, Department of CSE
    United International University
    Room Number: 104
    Email: [email protected]
    Contact No. 01776195310
    B. Sc. in CSE, BUET (2007)
    PhD, Griffith Univeristy, Australia (2014)
    Area of Research
    Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
    Constraint Programming
    Combinatorial Optimization
    Algorithms in Bioinformatics
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 2
    Class Information

    Course Website:
    swakkhar.github.io/java.html

    Schedule
    Sunday, Tuesday, Room # 105 11:20AM-12:40PM

    Grading
    Assignment+Class Performance - 10%
    Class Test - 20 % (best 2)
    Mid Exam - 30%
    Final Exam - 40%

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 3


    Books

    Text Book
    Java: The Complete Reference, 9th Edition, Herbert Schildt

    References
    1 Java: How to Program, 9th Edition, Deitel and Deitel

    2 Effective Java, Josua Bloch, Second Edition


    3 Head First Java, Second Edition, Kathy and Bates

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 4


    Java: Where it came from?

    Fortran, Cobol, Pascal, Ada, Basic, C, C++, Objective C, Visual


    Basic, Python, Ruby, Java!

    The language was initially called Oak after an oak tree that stood
    outside Gosling’s office. Later the project went by the name Green
    and was finally renamed Java, from Java coffee.

    There are 9 million Java developers worldwide, 3 billion mobile


    phones run Java, 100 percent of Blu-ray disc players ship with
    Java, 97 percent of enterprise desktops run Java.
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 5
    What is Java?

    A simple, object-oriented, distributed, interpreted, robust, secure,


    architecture neutral, portable, high-performance, multithreaded,
    and dynamic language!

    Object-Oriented
    Pure OOP!
    No free functions.
    All code belong to some class.
    Syntax derived from C.
    Object Oriented features are influenced by C++.

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 6


    Java - The Most Popular

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 7


    Java tumi kar?

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 8


    Java Editions

    1 Java Standard Edition - used for developing desktop


    applications and networking applications
    2 Java Enterprise Edition - used for developing large scale,
    distributed networking applications and web-based applications
    3 Java Micro Edition - used for developing applications for
    resource-constrained embedded devices

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 9


    How Java Works

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 10


    Java Development Environment

    JDK
    Use latest JDK (JDK 8 from Oracle or OpenJDK)
    $ javac Welcome.java - Compiles a java file and produces
    Welcom.class (byte code)
    $ java Welcome - It runs java byte code on native machine
    1 Class Loader
    2 Verifier
    3 JVM

    Java IDE
    1 IntelliJ IDEA

    2 Eclipse
    3 Netbeans
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 11
    The First Program - Guess the Output

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 12


    Source Code Naming Conventions

    1 All java source code files must end in .java


    2 Each .java file can contain only one public class
    3 The name of the file should be exactly same as the public
    class with extension .java
    4 Java is case sensitive
    5 Do not use abbreviations in the name of the class
    6 If the class name contains multiple words then capitalize the
    first letter of each word ex. HelloWorld.java
    7 Its a good practice to write one class per file
    8 Name of the main class should match the name of the file
    that holds the program

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 13


    Java Comments

    Three type of comments


    1 /* standard c coments work*/
    2 // C++ style comments
    3 /** Java doc comments
    */

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 14


    A Closer Look

    public static void main(String args[])


    main - the starting point for any java program
    public - to make this method accessible to all
    static - to call this method instantiation is not needed. JVM
    calls Classname.main
    void - the main method does not return anything
    String args[] - An array of string objects that holds the
    command line arguments passed to the application
    System.out.print()
    Used to print a text
    System - is a class in Java API (Application Program
    Interface)
    out - represents the standard output, static member of
    System, part of API
    System.out.println()
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 15
    Escape Sequences

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 16


    Another Program!

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 17


    A Closer Look

    import java.util.Scanner;
    Java class library, or the Java Application Programming
    Interface (Java API)
    import declaration that helps the compiler locate a class thats
    used in this program
    Scanner myScanner=new Scanner(System.in);
    A Scanner enables a program to read data
    The standard input object, System.in, enables applications to
    read bytes of data typed by the user.
    The Scanner translates these bytes into types (like int )

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 18


    Java Tips

    Capitalize Class names


    Always add comments to your code
    Always close the brackets immediately you start them
    Add a comment at all the ending brackets
    Use proper indentation in your code
    For errors check the line number and lines before it
    All import declarations must appear before the first class
    declaration in the file.

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 19


    Declaration and Naming
    Declare each variable in its own declaration.

    Naming Convention
    Classes: Nouns, in mixed case with the first letter of each
    internal word capitalized. Example: CamelCase, HelloWorld.
    Variables: Mixed case with a lowercase first letter. Internal
    words start with capital letters. Variable names should not
    start with underscore or dollar sign $ characters, even
    though both are allowed. Example: myInteger, yourHome.
    Methods/Functions: Methods should be verbs (similar to
    variables). Example: getSize(), setSize().
    Constants: Constants should be all uppercase with words
    separated by underscores (” ”). Example: MAX SIZE
    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconventions-135099.html
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 20
    Data Types

    8 primitive types / 4 groups


    1 Boolean: boolean to represent true/false values.
    2 Characters: char to represent symbols in character set and
    digits.
    3 Integers: byte, short, int and long to represent
    whole-valued signed numbers. There are no unsigned integers
    in Java (differ with C).
    4 Floating Point Numbers: float and double to represent
    fractional numbers.
    All data types have a strictly defined range, do not depend on
    execution environment (unlike C).

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 21


    Integers and Floats

    1 byte: Useful when working with raw binary data.

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 22


    Characters
    Java char is 16 bit and stores in unicode format.

    integer literals: binary (0b10101), octal (074545), hexa (0x3434)


    underscore is allowed (int x = 123 323 232 34343L;) JDK 7

    http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0980.pdf
    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 23
    Operators: Arithmetic

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 24


    Operators: Bitwise

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 25


    Operators: Relational

    C style Java style


    int flag=0; int flag=0;
    if(flag) if(flag != 0)
    { {
    \\ do something \\ do something
    } }

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 26


    Operators: Logical

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 27


    Operators: Precedence

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 28


    Scope of Variables

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 29


    Casting

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 30


    Reading

    Java: How to Program Chapter 2


    Java: The Complete Reference Chapter 1,2,3
    Resources
    http://cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca/java visualize/
    http://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/
    https://thenewboston.com/videos.php?cat=31

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 31


    Thats it!

    Thank you

    United International University CSI 211: Object Oriented Programming 32

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