.

IIT-JEE NTA
Mathematics

Volume-I Ans. (d) : Given, A = {–1, 1}

1. Sets, Relation and Function Set builder notation can be used build or describe set.
(1.a) Set and type of Sets and its This is especially helpful if the set has an infinite
number of numbers or elements.
application We see that clearly A = {–1, 1} is the value of x2 =1 and
1. Set A and B have 3 and 6 elements respectively. also say that x is a root of the equation
What can be the minimum number of elements x2 = 1
in A  B? i.e., x = –1, 1
(a) 3 (b) 6 So, set builder form of A = {–1, 1} is,
(c) 9 (d) 1 A = {x : x is a root of equation x2 =1}
SRMJEEE-2009
4. If A = {x : x2 = 1} and B = {x : x4 = 1}, then
Ans. (b) : Given that, n(A) = 3, n(B) = 6 A  B is equal to
Then, n(A  B) = 3 (maximum) (a) {i, –i} (b) {–1, 1}
We know that - (c) {–1, 1, i, –i} (d) {}
n (A  B) = n (A) + n (B) – n (A  B)
COMEDK-2019
n (A  B) = 3 + 6 – 3
Ans. (a) : Given that, A= { x : x2 =1}, B={x : x4 = 1]
So, the minimum number of element n (A  B) = 6 .
Then, A = square root of 1.
2. X = {8n – 7n – 1 |n  N} and Y = {49(n–1) and, B = fourth root 1.
|n  N}, then
 A = { x : x2 =1} = {–1, 1}
(a) X  Y (b) Y  X
B = {x : x4 = 1} = {–1, 1, i, – i}
(c) X = Y (d) none of these
We know that –
JCECE-2016
A  B = (A – B)  (B – A)
SRMJEEE-2010
Or, A  B = (A B) – (A  B )
Ans. (a) : Given, X = {8n – 7n – 1 |n  N}
Then, AB = {–1, +1, i, –i }
And, Y = {49(n–1) |n  N}
X can be also written as – and, A  B = {–1, 1}
n n
8 – 7n – 1 = ( 7 + 1) – 7n – 1 So, A  B = (A  B) – (A  B)
By Binomial expansion – = {–1, +1, i, –i} – {–1, 1}
(7+1)n – 7n – 1 = (nC0 . 70 + nC1 . 71 + nC2 . 72 + nC3 . A  B = {i, –i}
3 n n
7 + .........+ Cn . 7 ) – 7n –1 5. In a statistical investigation of 1003 families of
= 1 + 7n + nC272 + ........ + nCn7n – 7n – 1 Calcutta, it was found that 63 families has
n 2 n 3
= C27 + C3 7 + ..........+ Cn 7 n n neither a radio nor a T.V, 794 families has a
= 49 ( C2 + 7 C3 + ........ Cn 7 ), for n  2
n n n n–2 radio and 187 has T.V. The number of families
in that group having both a radio and a T.V is
We see that, 8n – 7n –1 is multiple of 49 for n  2 and 0
(a) 36 (b) 41
for n = 1.
(c) 32 (d) None of these
Also written as –
BITSAT-2020
8n – 7n–1 = 49. K
Where, K = ( nC2 + 7 nC3 + .........+ nCn7n–2) Ans. (b) : Given, in a statistical investigation of 1003
 X contains all positive integrals multiple of 49 and 0. families of Calcutta.
and Y is also contains of all positive integral multiple of Let T be the set of families having a T.V. and R be the
49 together with zero. set of families having a radio.
So, X  Y. Then, n(T) = 187
n (R) = 794
3. Write the set builder form of A = {–1, 1}.
(a) A = {x : x is an integer}
(b) A = {x : x is a root of the equation x2 + 1 = 0}
(c) A = {x : x is a real number}
(d) A = {x : x is a root of the equation x2 = 1}
Karnataka CET-2015 From, Venn diagram –

1
 Where, B = x : x  R,| x – 1|  1 and A  B = R – D,
X = Total families who have T.V. and radio both. then the set D is
X = 1003 – 63 = 940 (a) {x :1  x  2} (b) {x :1  x  2}
187 – a = number of families who have only T.V.
(c) {x :1  x  2} (d) None of these
794 – a = Number of families who have only radio.
BITSAT-2010
Where, a = Number of families having both a radio
and a T.V. Ans. (b) : Given,
So, by Venn diagram – A = {x : x  R, |x| < 1}
187 – a + 794 – a = 940 B = {x : x R, |x –1}  1}
981 – a = 949 And A  B = R – D
a = 981 – 940 Then, A is also written as –
a = 41 A = {x : x  R, – 1 < x < 1}
Hence, the required number of families having both a And, B is also written as –
radio and a T.V. is 41. B = {x : x  R, x –1  1 or x – 1  –1}
6. Universal set, i.e., B = {x : x R, x  2 or x  0}
U = {x | x5 – 6x4 +11x3 – 6x2 = 0}  A = Range set = (–1, 1)
B = Range set = x  2 or x  0
A = {x | x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}
= R – (0, 2) = (– , 0]  [ 2, )
B = {x | x2 – 3x + 2 = 0} So, AB = (–1, 1)  ( –, 0]  [2, )
What is (A  B)' equal to ? = (–, 1)[2, )
(a) {1, 3} (b) {1, 2, 3} Then, AB = R–{(x : 1  x < 2)}
(c) {0, 1, 3} (d) {0, 1, 2, 3} Since, R = (–, )
BITSAT-2015
Hence, A  B = R – D
Ans. (c) : Given, U = {x | x5 – 6x4 + 11x3 – 6x2 = 0} By comparing -
A = {x | x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}
AB = R – {x : 1  x < 2}
B = { x | x2 – 3x + 2 = 0}
Solve U,
Hence, D = {x : 1  x < 2}
U (0) = 0 8. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} then the number of proper
U (1) = 0 subsets of A is
(a) 31 (b) 38
U (2) = 0
(c) 48 (d) 54
U (3) = 0
BITSAT-2009
Then, U = {0, 1, 2, 3}
Solve A, Ans. (a) : Given, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
A = {2, 3} Then, number of elements in A = 5
Because, A(2) = 0 We know that,
A (3) = 0 Number of proper subsets of A = 2n – 1
Solve B, Where, n = number of elements in the given set.
B (1) = 0 So, the number of proper subsets of A = 25 – 1
B (2) = 0 = 32 – 1 = 31
Then, B = {1, 2} 9. A set A has 3 elements and another set B has 6
From solving U, A and B we get – elements. Then
U = {0, 1, 2, 3} (a) 3  n(A  B)  6 (b) 3  n(A  B)  9
A = {2, 3} (c) 6  n(A  B)  9 (d) 0  n(A  B)  9
B = {1, 2} BITSAT-2008
Then, A  B = {2, 3}  {1, 2} Ans. (c) : Given that,
A  B = {2} n(A) = Number of elements in set A = 3
So, (A  B)' = U – (A  B) n(B) = Number of elements in set B = 6
= {0, 1, 2, 3} – {2} We know, min{n (A  B)} = max{n(A), n (B)}.
(A  B)' = {0, 1, 3} Then, max{n(A), n (B)} = max{3, 6} = 6
7. Let A = {x : x  R, x < 1}; And, max{n(A  B)} = n(A) + n(B) = 3 + 6 = 9

2
.

So, max{n(A), n(B)}  n(A  B)  max{n(A  B)} Then, n(A  B  C)  17 and n (A  B  C)  26

6  n (A  B)  9 Thus, n (A  B  C)  26 ....(iv)
10. The number of elements in the set So, from equation (iii) and equation (iv), we get–
{(a, b) : 2a2 + 3b2 = 35, a, b  Z}, the set of all 26  n (A  B  C)  28
Hence, n(A  B  C) is can be 26 or 27 or 28.
integers, is
(a) 2 (b) 4 12. A and B are any two non-empty sets and A is
(c) 8 (d) 12 proper subset of B. If n(A) = 5, then find the
BITSAT-2005 minimum possible value of n(AB).
Ans. (c) : Let, the set (a) 1
A = {(a,b) : 2a + 3b = 35, a, b  Z }
2 2 (b) 5
(c) Cannot be determined
Since, given that a, b  Z (integer)
(d) None of these
So, satisfies the pair of value (a, b) in integer is
BITSAT-2017
( 4,  1) and ( 2,  3).
Because, 2( 4)2 + 3 ( 1)2 = 35 Ans. (a) : Given, A and B are any two non empty sets.
2
And, 2( 2) + 3( 3) = 35 2 And, A is proper subset of B and n(A) = 5
 The set of all integers are (2, 3), (2, –3), (–2, 3), (–2, Then, A  , B    A  B =  and A  B.
–3), (4, 1), (4, –1), (–4, 1), (–4, –1),  A  B  n(A)  n (B)
Hence, the number of set of all integers are 8 . Then, A  B = B,
11. Let A, B, C be finite sets, Suppose that n(A) = AB=A
10, n(B) = 15, n(C) = 20, n(A  B) = 8 and We know that –
n(B  C) = 9. Then the possible value of n(AB) = n(A  B) – n(A  B)
n (A  B  C) is = n(B) – n(A)
(a) 26 = n(B) – 5
(b) 27 Since, n(A) = 5,
(c) 28 So, the minimum number of elements in B is 6 i.e. n
(d) Can be 26 or 27 or 28 (B) = 6
BITSAT-2017 So, the minimum possible value of n(A  B) –
Ans. (d) : Given, A, B, C be finite set. n(A  B) = n(B) – 5
n(A) = 10, n(B) = 15, n(C) = 20, =6–5
n (A  B) = 8 and n (B  C) = 9. =1
We know that, 13. Two finite sets have m and n elements. The
n(ABC) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) –n(AB) –n(B  C) number of subsets of the first set is 112 more
– n(C  A) + n(ABC) than that of the second set. The values of m and
Then, n(A  B  C) = 10 + 15 + 20 – 8 –9 –n (C  A) n respectively are,
(a) 4, 7 (b) 7, 4
+ n(A  B  C)
(c) 4, 4 (d) 7, 7
= 28 – n (C  A) + n (A  B 
JCECE-2019
C)
BITSAT-2016
n(ABC)=28 – {n(CA) – n(ABC)} ....(i)
Ans. (b) : Given, two finite sets have m and n
 We know, n (C  A)  n (A  B  C) elements.
Then n (C  A) – n (A  B  C)  0 ....(ii) Let, the finite set is A and B.
 From equation (i) and equation (ii), we get – Then, n (A) = m
n (A  B  C)  28 ....(iii) n (B) = n
And also, n(A  B ) = n (A) + n (B) – n (A  B)  Number of subsets of finite set A and B is 2m and
n (A  B) = 10 + 15 – 8 = 17 2n.
And, n(B  C) = n (B) + n (C) – n (B  C) According to given question –
= 15 + 20 – 9 2m = 112 + 2n
2m – 2n = 112
= 26
2n (2m–n –1) = 112
 n(A  B  C)  n (A  C) and 2n (2m–n –1) = 16 × 7
n( A  B  C)  n (B  C). 2n (2m–n –1) = 24 × (23 –1)

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 Comparing both sides, we get – Ans. (c) : Given, set { 1, 2, 3……..9)
n = 4 and m–n = 3 Here no. of elements = 9
Then, m – 4 = 3  m = 7 We know that ––
Hence, m = 7, n = 4. Subset of set having n-elements is 2n
9
14. Let A and B be two sets such that Then, the total number of subsets of given set is 2 =
A  X = B  X =  and A  X = B  X for 512
same set X. Then Since, in this set even number also including
(a) A = B (b) A = X So, for odd number, exclude even number {2, 4, 6, 8}
(c) B = X (d) A  B  X Thus,
BITSAT-2015 (a) When select only one even number = 4 C1  4
Ans. (a) : Given, A and B be two sets. (b) When select only two even number = 4 C2  6
A  X = B  X =  and AX = BX , for same set
(c) When select only three even number = 4 C3  4
X.
Then, from, A  X = B  X. (d) When select only four even number = 4 C4  1
Take intersection both sides by A – Hence, the number of subsets of {1,2,3…..9} containing
A  (A  X) = A  (B  X) at least on odd number
By distributive law – = 512 –(4 + 6 + 4 + 1) –1
(A  A)  (A  X) = (A  B)  (A  X) = 512 – 16 = 496
A   = (A  B)   Since, we subtract 1 for due to the null set.
A=AB ....(i) 17. A set contains n elements. The power set
Again, take intersection both sides by B, contains
B  (A  X) = B  (B  X ) (a) n elements (b) 2n elements
2
By distributive law – (c) n elements (d) None of these
(B  A)  (B  X) = (B  B)  (B  X) UPSEE-2010
(B  A)   = B   Ans. (b)
n
: A Set contains n elements. Then power set
BA=B=B contain 2 elements.
AB=B ....(ii) Example :- Let a set A = {a, b, c}
Since, B  A = A  B, Then power set contain 23 = 8 elements.
So, from equation (i) and equation (ii), we get– Power set = {,{a}, {b}, {c}, {a, b},{b, c}{c, a} {a, b,
c}}
A=B
18. If A = {x, y}, then the power set of A is:
15. If A and B be two sets such that A  B consists
of 6 elements. If three elements A  B are (1, 4) (a) {xy, yx} (b) , x, y
(2, 6) and (3, 6), find BA. (c) x ,2y (d) ,x,y,x, y
(a) 1,4 , 1,6 ,  2,4 ,  2,6 , 3,4 , 3,6 UPSEE-2006
(b)  4,1 ,  4,2 ,  4,3 , 6,1 , 6,2 , 6,3 Ans. (d) : Given A = {x, y}
Number of elements in A = 2
(c)  4,4 ,  6,6 Then, power set contains 22 = 4 elements
(d)  4,1 ,  6,2. 6,3 So, power set = {, {x}, {y}, {x,y}}
19. Which of the following is a true statement?
VITEEE-2011
(a) {a}{a,b,c} (b) {a}  {a,b,c}
Ans. (b) : Given A and B be two sets.
And (1,4) , (2,6) and (3,6) are the elements of A B (c) {a, b,c} (d) None of these
Then by ordered pair 1, 2, 3 are the elements of A and UPSEE-2005
4, 6 are the elements of B. Ans. (b) : In this given question, we check true
 A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 6} statement by options.
So, BA = {(4, 1) , (4, 2) , (4, 3) ,(6, 1), (6, 2) , (6, 3)} By option (a): {a}{a, b, c}, it is not true because a
16. The number of subsets of {1, 2, 3,...., 9} belongs to belongs to {a, b, c} i.e. a{a, b, c} not {a}
containing at least on odd number is {a, b, c}
(a) 324 (b) 396 So, option (a) is wrong.
(c) 496 (d) 512 By option (b): {a} {a, b, c} It is true because {a} is
VITEEE-2009 the subset of {a, b, c}
4
.

So, option (b) is true. (d) {x:x is a real number and x2 = x + 2}

By option (c): {a, b, c} it is not true because  is the BCECE-2010
subset of {a, b, c} and   {a, b, c}
2
Ans. (b): x : x is real number and x + 1 = 0 is the
So, option (c) is wrong. empty set because
20. Consider the non-empty set consisting of x2 = –1
children in a family and a relation R defined as x =  1
aRb. If a is a sister of b; then R is This is not a real number. This is the complex number
(a) Symmetric but not transitive (Imaginary no.)
(b) Transitive but not symmetric So, x  R.
(c) Both symmetric and transitive Hence, {x : x is a real number and x2 + 1 = 0} is the
(d) Neither symmetric nor transitive empty set.
JCECE-2019
Ans. (b): From question non - empty set consisting of
(1.b) Operations on Set and Venn
children in a family and a relation R defined as aRb. Diagram
It a is sister of b. 23. If X and Y are two sets, then X (YX)c equals
Then, symmetricity does not hold because in (a) X (b) Y
symmetricity aRb = bRa (c)  (d) none of these
aRb  a is a sister b SRMJEEE-2014
Then, bRa  This does not mean b is also sister of a as Ans. (c) : Given, X and Y are two sets.
b can be brother of a Then, X  (Y X)c = X  (Yc  Xc )
 R is not symmetric. Since (A  B)c = Ac  Bc
And by transitivity ––––
 X   Yc  Xc   X   Xc  Y c 
aRb = bRc aRc
aRb = a is a sister of b By Distributive law –
bRc = b is a sister of c X   Xc  Yc    X  Xc   Yc
So a is also sister of c
=   Yc  
 R is transitive.
So, R is transitive but not symmetric. Since, X  Xc = 
So, X  (Y  X)c = 
21. If A = { x, y  : x2 + y 2  1, x, y  R} and
B = { x, y  : x2 + y 2  4, x, y  R} then 24. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17}, B = {2, 4,
6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18} and N is the universal
(a) A – B = A (b) B – A = B
set, then A' ((A  B)  B′) is
(c) A – B =  (d) B – A =  (a) A (b) N
BCECE-2018 (c) B (d) none of these
Ans. (c) : Given, A = { (x, y): x2 +y2  1, x, y  R} SRMJEEE-2013
And, B = { (x, y): x2 + y2  4, x y  R} Ans. (d) : Given A = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17}
We see that set A represents circle centered at origin B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18}
and radius 1 and B represents circle centered at origin and N is the universal set.
and radius 2.
Then, AB = {1, 2, 3, 4 ……18)
B' = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19….}
A' = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 18, 19, 20….}
So, A'{(A  B)B'}= A' {1,3,5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15,
17}
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18….}
= {N} – 16
Hence, no option is correct.
Since both the circles are concentric 25. A survey shows that 63% of the Indians like tea
Hence, A–B =  whereas 76% like coffee. If x% of the Indians
22. Which of the following is the empty set? like both tea and coffee, then
(a) {x:x is a real number and x2 – 1 = 0} (a) x = 39 (b) x = 63
(b) {x:x is a real number and x2 + 1 = 0} (c) 39  x  63 (d) none of these
(c) {x:x is a real number and x2 – 9 = 0} SRMJEEE-2011
5
Ans. (c) : Given number of the Indians like tea – 50x
x  15000
n(T) = 63 100
Number of the Indians coffer like – 50x
 15000
n(c) = 76 100
And number of the Indians like both tea and coffee x = 30000
n(T  C) = X 28. The set A = {x : |2x + 3| < 7} is equal to the set
Then, n(T  C) = n(T) + n (C) – n (T  C) (a) D = {x : 0 < x + 5 < 7}
100 = 63 + 76 –x (b) B = {x : –3 < x < 7}
x = 139 –100 (c) E = {x : –7 < x < 7}
x = 39
(d) C = {x : –13 < 2x < 4}
Also, n (T  C)  n(T)
Karnataka CET 2014
x  63
Ans. (a) : Given,
So, 39  x  63
Set A = {x : |2x + 3| < 7}
26. If U : Set of all days, S : Set of Sundays, H : Set
of holidays, then, Venn diagram for “Sunday Then,
implies holiday” is A = {x : –7 < 2x + 3 < 7}
A = {x : –7 –3 < 2x < 7 -3}
(b) A = {x : –10 < 2x < 4}
(a) A = {x : –5 < x < 2}
A = {x : –5 + 5 < x + 5 < 2+5 }
A = {x: 0 < x + 5 < 7}
29. If A and B are finite sets and A  B, then
(a) n  A  B  n  B (b) n  A  B  n  B
(c) (d)
(c) n  A  B   (d) n  A  B  n  A 
MHT-CET 2004 Karnataka CET 2017
Ans. (a): Given, U = Set of all days Ans. (a) : Given,
S = Set of Sundays A and B are finite set and ACB
H = Set of Holidays
 ACB mean XA = XB
Then Venn diagram for "Sunday implies holiday" is –
Let, A = {x, y} and B = {x, y, z} are finite set.
Then, AB = {x, y} {x, y, z}
A  B = {x, y, z}
 n(A  B) = 3
27. In a certain town 65% families own cell And, n(B) = 3
phones, 15000 families own scooter and 15% So, n(A  B) = n (B)
families own both. Taking into consideration Other option does not match,
that the families own at least one of the two, the Because, A  B = {x, y}
total number of families in the town is n(A  B) =3, n(B) = 3
(a) 20000 (b) 30000 n(A  B)  n(B).
(c) 40000 (d) 50000 30. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, then the number of
Ans. (b) : Given that , In a certain town 65% families subsets of A which contains at least two
own cell phones i.e. n (p) = 65% elements is
15000 families own scooter i.e. n(s) = 15000 (a) 63 (b) 57
and 15% families own both i.e. n (P  S) = 15% (c) 58 (d) 64
Let the total number of families in the town is x i.e. Karnataka CET 2020
n(PS) = x Ans. (b) : Given that, A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
We know that, Then, the number of subsets of A = 26 = 64
n (PS) = n(P) + n(S) – n (PS) Subsets are following –
65x 15
x=  15000  x {, {1}, {2}, {3},{4}, {5}, {6}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}..............
100 100 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

6
.

So, the number of subsets of A which contains at least x =  3 R

two elements is – This is not a empty set.
= 64 – 7 By option b: x2 = x + 2
= 57 x2 – x – 2 = 0
31. The group (Z, +) has x2 – 2x + x – 2 = 0
(a) exactly one subgroup x(x – 2) + 1 (x – 2) = 0
(b) only two subgroups (x – 2) (x + 1) = 0
(c) no subgroups x = –1, 2
(d) infinitely many subgroups This is not empty set.
COMEDK 2020 34. The number of proper subsets of a set having
Ans. (d) : Given, the group (Z, + ) n+1 elements is
For group satisfying following property – (a) 2n+1 (b) 2n+1 –1
n+1
(c) 2 –2 (d) 2n–2
(1) Closure property: a + b  Z
(2) Associative property: (a + b) + c = a + (b +c) COMEDK 2014
a, b, c  Z Ans. (b) : We know that, if a set having n element then
number of subsets = 2n
(3) Existence of identify: a + 0 = 0 + a, a  Z
Example – If a set A = {a, b, c} has 3 elements.
(4) Existence of inverse: a 1  a Then, subsets of A = 23 = 8
(5) commutatively: ab = ba Since, if a set having (n + 1) elements then its number
(Z, +) is fulfilled the above property. So, (Z, +) is a of subsets = 2n + 1
group. So, the number of proper subsets of a set having n + 1
Hence, (Z, +) has infinitely many subgroups because (Z, elements is 2n +1 –1
+) has infinity number.
35. The set (A \ B)  (B \ A) is equal to
32. If a set A had 4 elements, then the total number
of proper subsets of set A, is (a) [A \ (A  B)]  [B \ (A  B)]
(a) 16 (b) 14 (b) (A  B) \ (A  B)
(c) 15 (d) 17 (c) A \ (A  B)
COMEDK 2015
Ans. (c) : Given, A set had 4 elements. Then, total (d) A  B \ A  B
number of subsets of A = 24 = 16 BITSAT-2014
So, the total number of proper subsets of Ans. (b) : Given, the set (A/B)  (B/A).
Set A, is 24 –1 = 16 –1 = 15 The given set can be also written as
33. Which of the following is an empty set? (A – B)  (B – A)
(a) x xisa realnumber and x 2
–1  0 Then, (A – B)  (B – A) = (A  B) – (A  B)
= (A  B) | ( A  B)
(b) x xisa realnumber and x 2
 3  0 It is written by definition of symmetric difference.
(c) x xisa realnumber and x 2
– 9  0 So, (A|B)  (B|A) = (A  B) \ (A  B)
36. If the sets A and B are as follows: A = {1, 2, 3, 4),
(d) x xisa realnumber and x 2
 x  2 B = {3, 4, 5, 6}, then
COMEDK 2014 (a) A – B = {1, 2}
Ans. (b) : We check the following is an empty set by (b) B – A = {5, 6}
options – (c) [(A– B) – (B – A)]  A = {1, 2}
2
By option a: x – 1 = 0 (d) [(A – B) – (B – A)]  A = {3, 4)
x2 = 1 UPSEE-2011
x=1R Ans. (a,b,c) : Given, A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
This is not empty set. B = {3, 4, 5, 6}
By option b: x2 + 3 = 0 Then, by options –
x2 = –3 Options a :- A – B = {1, 2, 3, 4} – {3, 4, 5, 6}
x = 3  C A – B = {1, 2}
This is a empty set. Option b :- B – A = {3, 4, 5, 6} – {1, 2, 3, 4}
2
By option c: x – 9 = 0 = {5, 6}
2
x =9 Options c :- [ (A – B) – (B – A) ]  A
= [{1, 2} – {5, 6}]  {1, 2, 3, 4}
7
 = {1, 2} {1, 2, 3, 4}   x  4    y  3  1
2 2

= { 1, 2} B =  x, y  ; 

 32 22 

Option d :- [(A – B) – (B – A)]  A
= [{1, 2} – {5, 6}]  {1, 2, 3, 4} This is a ellipse having its centre at (4, 3) and length of
major minor axes are 3 and 2 units.
= {1, 2,}  {1, 2, 3, 4}
= {1, 2, 3, 4}.  B is the set of all points lying inside the ellipse.
So, we see that option (a, b, c) are correct. So, by set A and set B. We say that A  B means A
contains in B.
37. In a class of students, 25 students play cricket,
20 student play tennis and 10 students play 39. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 4}, then the set of all
both the games. Then the number of students sets X satisfying X  A and X  B is
who play tennis only is (a) {{1}, {3}}
(a) 25 (b) 10 (b) {{1}, {3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}}
(c) 15 (d) None of these (c) {{1}, {3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 2, 3}}
JCECE-2019
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b): From question, Let 'C' class of students play
BCECE-2018
cricket and 'T' class of student play tennis respectively.
Then, given – Ans. (c) : Given that,
n(C) = 25, n (T) = 20 A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 4} and X = set of all sets
n(C  T) = 10 Then, X  A = X  P(A)
 n( C  T) = n (C) + n (T) –n (C  T) And X  B = X  P(A)
n (C  T) = 25 + 20 – 10 = 35  Power set of A = 23 = 8
So, number of student who play tennis only – Then,
= n(C  T) –n(C) P(A) = { {1}, {2}, {3}, {1, 2} {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 2,
= 35 – 25 3}}
= 10. And power set of B = 22 = 4
38. Let A and B be two sets defined as given below: P(B) = {, {2}, {4}, {2, 4}
A = {(x, y): |x–3| < 1 and |y – 3| < 1} So, the set of all sets X satisfying X  A and X  B is
B = {(x, y) : 4x2 + 9y2 – 32x – 54y + 109  0} {{1}, {3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 2, 3}}.
then 40. Let P= {θ : sinθ – cosθ = 2cosθ} and,
(a) A  B (b) B  A Q = {θ : sinθ + cosθ = 2sinθ} be two sets. Then,
(c) A = B (d) None of these
JCECE-2015 (a) P  QandQ – P  
Ans. (a) : Given, A = {(x, y): |x – 3| < 1 and |y – 3| < 1} (b) Q  P
B = {(x, y) : 4x2 + 9y2 – 32x – 54y + 109  0} (c) P  Q
Then, (d) P = Q
A = {(x, y); –1 < x –3 < 1 and –1 < y – 3 < 1} BCECE-2017
A = {(x, y); –1+3<x<1+3 and –1+3<y < 1 + 3}
A = {(x, y); 2 < x < 4 and 2 < y < 4} 
Ans. (d) : Given, P =  : sin – cos = 2 cos  
A = {(x, y); x  (2, 4) and y  (2, 4)} Q =  : sin  cos = 2 sin 
And, B = { (x, y) ; 4x2 + 9y2 – 32x – 54y + 109  0)
B = { (x, y); 4x2 – 32 x + 9y2 – 54y + 109  0} Then, 
P =  : sin  2 cos + cos  
 
B = {(xy)}; (2x)2 – 2 × 2 × 8x + (8)2 – (8)2 +
(3y)2 – 2 × 3y × 9 + (9)2 – (9)2 + 109  0 } P =  : sin  cos  2 1
B = { (x, y); (2x –8)2 + (3y – 9)2 – 64 – 81 +  sin  
109  0} P   :  2  1
 cos  
B = { (x, y); (2x – 8)2 + (3y–9)2 –145+109  0}
B = { (x, y); (2x –8)2 + (3y – 9)2  36} 
P   : tan   2  1 
B = {(x, y);} (2x – 8)2 + (3y – 9)2  (6)2} And, Q =  : sin   cos   2 sin 
B = {(x, y); 4 (x – 4)2 + 9 (y – 3)2  (6)2}
 4  x  4  9  y  3
2 2
 Q =  : cos   2 sin   sin 
 
B =  x, y  ;   1

 36 36 

8
.


Q =  : cos    
2  1 sin 
 sin  1 
Q =  :  
 cos  2  1
 sin 
 1 
2  1
Q =  :   
 cos 
 2 1 2  1


Q =  : tan   2  1 
So, P = Q.
41. In a certain town, 25% families own a cell
phone, 15% families own a scooter and 65%
families own neither a cell phone nor a scooter. And, from B –
If 1500 families own both a cell phone and a y=x
scooter, then the total number of families in the Graph of y = x
town is
(a) 10000 (b) 20000
(c) 30000 (d) None of these
BCECE-2014
Ans. (c): Given, 25 % families own a cell phone
15% families own a scooter
65% families own neither cell phone nor a scooter.
And, 1500 families own both a cell phone and a scooter.
Let, the total number of families in the town is x.
Then,
25x 15x 65x
  1500  x Combining the graph, we get –
100 100 100 y-axis
105x y = ex
 x  1500
100
5x
 1500 y=x
100
1500 100
So, x
5
x = 30000 x-axis
O
42. If sets A and B are defined as A = {(x, y) :
y = ex, x R} and B = {(x, y) : y = x, x  R) then
(a) B  A (b) A  B
We see that by graph A  B = 
(c) A  B =  (d) A B = A
BCECE-2004 43. Let 0 < P (A) < 1, 0 < P (B) < 1 and P (A  B) =
P (A) + P (B) – P (A) P (B), then :
Ans. (c) : Given, A = {(x, y) : y = e , x R}
x
(a) P (B/A) = P (B) – P (A)
B = {x, y} : y = x, xR}
(b) P (AC  BC) = P (AC) + P(BC)
Then, From A –
(c) P (A  B)C = P(AC) P (BC)
Y = ex
(d) P(A/B)=P(A) + P(BC)
Graph of y = ex
BCECE-2003
Ans. (c) : Given, 0 < P (A) < 1, 0 < P (B) < 1
And P(A  B ) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A). P (B)
We know, P(A  B) = P(A). P(B)
Here, A and B are independent events.
 A' and B' are also independent.
Then, P(A  B)' = P (A'  B')
= P(A'). P(B')

9
Or P(A  B)C = P(AC). P(BC) 47. If two sets A and B have 99 elements in
common, then the number of elements common
(1.c) Cartesian Product of Sets to the sets A × B and B × A is
44. If A {1, 2} and B = (0, 1) then A × B is : (a) 299 (b) 992
(a) {(1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0), (2, 1)} (c) 100 (d) 18
(b) {(1, 0), (2, 1)} COMEDK 2015
(c) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (0, 1), (0, 2)} Ans. (b) : Given,
(d) none of these two sets A and B and n (A  B) = 99
Ans. (a) : Given, A = {1, 2} and B = {0, 1} Find, n { (A × B)  (B × A) } = ?
Then, A × B= {(1, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0), (2, 1)} Then,
45. In a class of 60 students, 25 students play n { (A × B)  (B × A)} = n { (A  B) × (B  A)}
cricket and 20 students play tennis and 10 = n (A  B) × n (B  A)
students play both the games, then the number = 99 × 99
of students who play neither is = 992
(a) 45 (b) 0 48. If a class of 175 students the following data
(c) 25 (d) 35 shows the number of students opting one or
Karnataka CET 2014 more subjects. Mathematics 100, Physics 70,
Chemistry 40, Mathematics and Physics 30,
Ans. (c) : Given, n(C) = 25 Mathematics and Chemistry 28, Physics and
n (T) = 20 Chemistry 23, Mathematics, Physics and
n (C  T) = 10 Chemistry is 18. The number of students who
Where, C = Number of students play cricket have opted Mathematics alone is
T = Number of students play tennis (a) 35 (b) 48
Then, P(C  T) = P (C) + (T) – P (C  T) (c) 60 (d) 22
P ( C  T) = 25 + 20 – 10 COMEDK 2015
P ( C  T) = 45 – 10 BITSAT-2013
P ( C  T) = 35 Ans. (c) : Given, n (M) = 100, n(P) = 70, n(C ) = 40
So, the number of student who play neither is – n(M  P) = 30, n(M  C) = 28,
= 60 – 35 n (P  C) = 23, n(M  P  C) = 18
= 25. Where M, P and C be the set of students who opted
mathematics, physics and chemistry respectively.
46. If U is the universal set with 100 elements; A
and B are two sets such that n(A) = 50, n(B) = Then, the number of students who opted mathematics
alone is –
60, n (A  B) = 20 then n (A‟  B‟) =
= n(M  P'  C')
(a) 40 (b) 90
= n{M  (P  C)'}
(c) 20 (d) 10
= n(M) – n {M  (P  C)}
Karnataka CET 2019
= n(M) – n {(M  P)  (M  C)}
Ans. (d) : Given n(A) = Universal set with 100 = n(M) – n {n (M P) + n (M  C) – n (M  P  C) }
elements
= n(M) – n (M  P) – n (M  C) + n (M  P  C)
n(A) = 50, n(B) = 60
= 100 – 30 – 28 + 18
n(A  B) = 20, then n (A'  B') = ? = 70 – 10
We know that – = 60
n (A  B) = n(A) + n(B) – n (A  B)
49. If A = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}, B = {3, 4, 5, 10, 12} and
n (A  B) = 50 + 60 – 20 C = {4, 5, 6, 12, 14}, then (A  B) (A  C) is
n (A  B) 50 + 40 equal to
n (A  B) = 50 + 40 (a) {2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 12}
n (A  B) = 90 (b) {2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12}
Then, n(A'  B') = n(A  B)' (c) {2, 3, 4, 10, 12}
So, n(A'  B' = n( U ) – n (A  B) (d) None of these
Since n (A'  B') = n (A  B)' = n (U) –n(A  B) COMEDK 2018
Hence, n (A'  B') = n (U) – n (A  B) Ans. (b) : Given, A={2, 3, 4, 8, 10}, B = {3, 4, 5, 10,
n ( A'  B' ) = 100 – 90 12} and C ={4, 5, 6, 12, 14}
n (A'  B' ) = 10 Then, A  B = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}  {3, 4, 5, 10, 12}
10
.

= {2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12} (a) 2 (b) 4

And A  C = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}  {4, 6, 5, 12, 14} (c) 6 (d) 5
= {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 } UPSEE-2015
So, (A  B)  (A  C) = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12} Ans. (c) : Given, Z = Set of integers,
50. There are 20 students in a chemistry class and and A = {(a, b) : a2 + 3b2 = 28, a, b  Z}
30 students in a physics class. If ten students B = { (a, b) : a < b, a, b  Z}
are to be enrolled in both the courses, then the Then, By – a2 + 3b2 = 28 satisfies the following
number of students which are either in physics numbers are given below
 1, 3 ,  1,3 , 1, 3 , 1,3 ,  4, 2 ,  4, 2

class or chemistry class is

(a) 50, if two classes meet at the same hour. =  
(b) 40, if two classes meet at the different hour. 
 4, 2   
, 4, 2 , 5,1 ,  5,  1     
, 5,  1 ,  5,1
(c) both (a) and (b) correct And in B, a < b ––––
(d) (a) correct but (b) incorrect Then,
BITSAT-2007 1,3 ,  1,3 ,  4,2 ,  4, 2 ,  5, 1,  5,1
Ans. (c) : Given,
So, A  B = 1, 3 ,  1,3 ,  4,2  ,  4, 2  ,  5, 1 , .
n(C) = 20, n(P) = 30 and n(C  P) = 10
Where C and P be the number of students in chemistry  5,1 }
and physics class.
Hence, the number of element in A  B is 6.
Find, n (C  P) = ?
53. Let F1 be the set of parallelograms, F2 be the set
Here are two conditions – of rectangles, F3 be the set of rhombuses, F4 be
Condition no I : – When both classes meet at the same the set of squares and F5 be the set of
time, then (C  P) =  trapeziums in a plane. Then, F1 may be equal
Then, n(C  P) = n (C) + n (P) to
n (C  P) = 20 + 30 = 50 (a) F2  F3
Condition no II : - When both classes meet at different (b) F3  F4
hours. (c) F2  F5
Then n(C  P) = 10 (Given) (d) F2  F3  F4  F1
So, n(C  P) = n(C) + n (p) – n (C  P) UPSEE-2014
n( C  P) = 20 + 30 –10 Ans. (d) : Given, F1 be the set of parallelograms
n(C  P) = 50 – 10 F2 be the set of rectangles
n(C  P) = 40 F3 be the set of rhombuses
Hence, both (a) and (b) correct. F4 be the set of squares
51. Let A and B be two sets then F5 be the set of trapeziums.
(A  B)'  (A'  B) is equal to We know that, in parallelograms opposite sides are
equal and parallel and we also known in rectangles,
(a) A' (b) A
rhombuses and squares opposite sides are equal and
(c) B' (d) None of these parallel.
BITSAT-2012
Then, F2 F1, F3 F1, F4 F1
Ans. (a) : Given, A and B be a two sets. So, F1 = F1  F2  F3  F4.
Find (A  B)'  (A'  B) = ?
54. If A = {x : x is a multiple of 4} and B = {x:x is a
Then, by De Morgen's law – multiple of 6}, then A  B consists of all
(A  B)'  (A'  B) = (A'  B')  (A'  B) multiples of
= (A'  A')  (A'  B)  (B'  A')  (B'  B) (a) 16 (b) 12
= A'  [{ A' { B  B' }]  U (c) 8 (d) 4
= A'  (A'  )  U UPSEE-2014
= A'  A'  U Ans. (b) : Given, A = { x : x is a multiple of 4}
= A'  U and B = { x : x is a multiple of 6}
= A' Then, A = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36……..}
52. Let Z denotes the set of all integers and A = {(a, and B = {6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36…….}
b) : a2+3b2 = 28, a, b  Z} and B = {(a, b) : a < So, A  B = {12, 24, 36 .......}
b, a, b  Z}. Then, the number of elements in A i.e. A  B = {x : x is a multiple of 12}
 B is

11
55. The set (A  B  C)  (A  B'  C')  C' is n (H) = 240, n (B) = 336
equal to n (B  H) = 64
(a) B  C' (b) A  C n ( C  B) = 80
(c) B'  C' (d) None of these n (C  H) = 40
UPSEE-2013 n (C  H  B) = 24
Ans. (a) : Given, the set A, B and C Where C, H and B are show that cricket, Hockey and
Find, (A  B  C)  (A  B'  C')'  C' = ? Basketball.
Then, by Demorgan law –––– We know –
(ABC)  (AB'C')'C' = (ABC)  n(C  H  B) = n(C) + n (H) + n (B) –n (C  H) –n
(A'BC) C' (C  B) –n (B  H) + n(C  H  B)
= {(A  A')}  (B  C)}  C' n (C  H  B) = 224 + 240 + 336 – 40 – 80 – 64 + 24
= {  (B  C)}  C' n(C  H  B) = 640
Since, A  A' =  So, the number of boys who did not play any game is ––
= 800 – 640
= {(B  C)}  C'
= 160
= {B  C'}  {C  C'}
58. In a survey of 200 students of a school it was
= (B  C')  
found that 120 study Mathematics, 90 study
= B  C' Physics and 70 study chemistry, 40 study
Hence, (A  B  C) (A  B'  C')  C' = B  C' Mathematics and Physics, 30 study Physics and
56. If A = {(x,y) : x2 + y 2  1;x,y  R} and Chemistry, 50 study Chemistry and
Mathematics and 20 none of these subjects. The
B = {(x,y) : x2 + y 2  4; x, y  R}, then
number of student who study all the three
(a) A  B   (b) B  A   subject is
(c) A  B   (d) A  B   (a) 30 (b) 20
UPSEE-2013 (c) 22 (d) 25
BCECE-2016
Ans. (d) : Given,
A = {(x, y) : x2 + y2  1, x, y  R} Ans. (b): Given,
n (M) = 120
and B = {(x, y) : x2 + y2  4, x, y  R}
n (P) = 90
From equation, draw the graph of following above set
A, B - n (C) = 70
n (M  P) = 40
n (P  C ) = 30, Find n ( M  P  C) = ?
n (C  M) = 50,
Where, M = Mathematics,
P = Physics
C = Chemistry
n (M'  P'  C') = 20
Then, n (M  P  C) = 200 – n ( M'  P'  C')
n (M  P  C) = 200 – 20 = 180
From figure we see that set A inside of the circle and set We know -
B outside of the circle. n(M  P  C) = n(m) + n(P) + n(C)
So, A  B =  –n (M  P ) –n (P  C)
57. Out of 800 boys in a school, 224 played cricket, –n (C  M) + n (M  P  C)
240 played hockey and 336 played basketball. n(M  P  C) = 120 + 90 + 70 – 40 – 30 – 50 + n(M 
Of the total, 64 played both basketball and P  C)
hockey; 80 played cricket and basketball and
180 = 160 + n ( M  P  C)
40 played cricket and hockey; 24 played all the
three games. The number of boys who did not n (M  P  C ) = 180 – 160 = 20
play any game is So, the number of student who study all the three
(a) 128 (b) 216 subject is 20.
(c) 240 (d) 160 59. From 50 students taking examinations in
UPSEE-2012 Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, 37
passed in Mathematics, 24 in Physics and 43 in
Ans. (d) : Given, n (C) = 224
Chemistry. Atmost 19 passed in Mathematics
12
.
and Physics, atmost 29 passed in Mathematics Then, check types of relations are –
and Chemistry and atmost 20 passed in Physics (1) Reflexive : –
aRa  1 + a.a > 0
and Chemistry. The largest possible number
that could have passed all three exminations, is  1 + a2 > 0
(a) 11 (b) 12
 a > 0 a  R
2
(c) 13 (d) 14
BCECE-2015  1 + a2 will always + ve.
Ans. (d): Given, Then, 1 + a2 > 0
n(M ) = 37, n(P) = 24 So, aRa is reflexive.
n(C) = 43, n (M  P) = 19 (2) Symmetric:– aRa  bRa
n(M  C) = 29, n (P  C) = 20 1 + ab > 0  1+ ba > 0
n ( M  P C ) = 50 Since, we know commutative property holds for
Where, M = Mathematics multiplication of real numbers.
P = Physics Then, R is symmetric.
C = Chemistry (3) Transitive:– aRb, bRc  aRc
We know, 1+ ab > 0, 1 + bc > 0  1 + ac > 0
n ( M  P  C ) = n (M) + n ( P ) + n (C) –n ( M  P) It is not always true.
– Example, Let a = – 0.4
n ( M  C ) – n ( P  C) + n ( M  P  b=2
C) c=3
50 = 37 + 24 + 43 – 19 – 29 –20 + n ( M  P  C ) Then, 1 + ab = 1 + (–0.4) × 2
50 = 36 + n ( M  P  C ) = 1 – 0.8
n ( M  P  C ) = 50 – 36 = 14 = 0.2 > 0
So, the largest possible number that could have passed 1+ bc = 1 + 2 × 3 > 0
all three examination is 14. =7>0
and 1 + ac = 1 + (–0.4) × 3
60. If the probability of X to fail in the examination
is 0.3 and that for Y is 0.2, then the probability = 1– 1.2
that either X or Y fail in examination is : = – 0.2 ≯ 0
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.44 = – 0.2 < 0
(c) 0.6 (d) none of these So, R is not transitive.
BCECE-2003 Hence, R is reflexive, symmetric but not transitive.
Ans. (b) : Move in probability chapter 63. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4,} and let R = {(2, 2) (3, 3),
(4, 4), (1, 2)} be a relation on A, then R is
(1.d) Relations and Type of Relation (a) reflexive
61. A set A contains 10 elements, then the number (b) symmetric
of relations on A into A is (c) transitive
(a) 210 (b) 102 (d) equivalence relation
100
(c) 2 (d) 21000 SRMJEEE-2013
SRM JEEE 2018
Ans. (c) : Given, A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Ans. (c) : Given, A set A contain 10 elements. R = { (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2)}
We know that, A set contains – elements the number of
2
From question, we see that in relation R, (1, 1)  R,
relations on set into set is 2n . Then, R is not reflexive.
So, then the number of relations A into And, (1, 2) R but (2, 1)  R
A is 210  2100
2
Then, R is not symmetric.
62. Let R be a relation defined in the set of real But it is transitive because –
numbers by aRb  1 + ab > 0. Then R is (1, 2)  R, (2, 2)  R  (1, 2)  R
(a) Equivalence relation So, the R is only transitive relation.
(b) Transitive 64. If R is a relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
(c) Symmetric 7, 8, 9,} given by xRy  y = 3x, then R =
(d) none of these (a) {(3, 1,), (6, 2), (8, 2), (9, 3)}
SRMJEEE-2009 (b) {(3, 1), (6, 2), (9, 3)}
Ans. (c) : Given, R be a relation by aRb  1+ ab > 0 (c) {(3,1), (2, 6), (3, 9)}
Then check types of relations are - (d) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9)}
13
 SRMJEEE-2011 It is not function because the image of 1 is not unique
Ans. (d) : Given, and image of 5 not defined.
R is a relation on the set A. By option (c) : –
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A B
and xRy  y = 3x
1 u
Since, R = { (x, y)} 2 v
So, R = { (x, 3x)} = { (1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9)} 3 x
65. If A = {a, b, c, d,} then a relation R = {(a, b,), 4 z
(b, a), (a, a)} on A is 5 y
(a) symmetric and transitive It is a function because each element of A has unique
(b) reflexive and transitive only image.
(c) symmetric only 67. Let R be the real line. Consider the following
(d) transitive subsets of the plane R × R
SRMJEEE-2010 S = {(x, y) | y = x +1, 0 < x < 2}
T = {(x, y) | x-y is an integer}. Which one of the
Ans. (a) : Given, A = {a, b, c, d}
following is true?
and Relation R = { (a, b), (b, a), (a, a)}
(a) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on
Then, check relation – R
(1) Reflexive :– Here, R is not reflexive. (b) Both S and T are equivalence relation on R
 (b, b)  R. (c) S is an equivalence relation on R and T is not
(2) Symmetric :– Here R is symmetric. (d) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not
 (a, b)  R  (b, a)  R. SRMJEEE-2016
Ans. (d) : Given, R be the real line.
(3) Transitive : – Here, R is transitive.
And, S = { (x, y) | y = x + 1, 0 < x < 2}
 (a, b)  R, (b, a)  R = (a, a)  R T = { (x, y) | x – y is an integer }
So, A is on relation symmetric and transitive. Then, check relation in S,
66. The relation R:AB, where A = {1,2,3,4,5,} (1) Reflexive : – xRx  x
and B = {u,v,x,y,z}is a function if R is given by Example (1, 1)  5.
(a) {(1,u),(2,v),(3,v), (4,y)} So, It is not reflexive.
(b) {(1,y),(1,u),(2,x),(3,y), (4,z)} (2) Symmetric : –
xRx+1  x+1Rx
(c) {(1,u),(2,v),(3,x),(4,z),(5,y)}
(d) {(1,u),(2,x),(2,y),(3,z),(4,v),(5,u)} (x, x + 1)  ( x + 1, x)
SRMJEEE-2014 Example:– (1, 2)  S but (2, 1)  S
Ans. (c) : Given, the relation R : A  B So, it is not symmetric
Where, A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (3) Transitive :–
xRx + 1, x+1Rx  xRx
B = { u, v, x, y, z}
Then check function if R is given in options – Example : (1, 2)  S, (2, 1)  S  (1, 1)  S
So, By option (a):– So, it is not transitive.
A B Then, S is not equivalence relation.
1 u Again, check relations in T –
2 v (1) Reflexive : –
3 y x–x=0I
4 x Then, it is reflexive relation.
5 z (2) Symmetric : – x – y  I  y – x  I
We see the relation is not function because the image of
Then, It is symmetric relation.
5 is not defined.
(3) Transitive : – Let x – y = I1 and y – 2 = I2
By option (b)
x – z = (x –y) + (y –z)
A B
= I1 + I2
1 y
=I
2 u
Then, it is transitive relation. So, T is equivalence
3 x relation.
4 z On R but S is not .
5 v

14
.

68. If A = x, y, z , B = 1, 2 , then thetotal Then check relation.––––.

number of relations from set A to set B are (a) Reflexive relations : -
(a) 16 (b) 32  a, b N
(c) 8 (d) 64 ab (b + a) = ba (a + b )
MHT-CET 20 So, (a, b) R (a, b)
Ans. (d) : Given, A = { (x, y, z)} Then, it is reflexive relation.
B = { 1, 2)} (2) Symmetric relation –
Then, A × B = { (x, 1), (y, 1), (z, 1) (x, 2) (y, z), (z, 2)}  (a, b) (c, d)  N × N
Then no of element –
Then, (a, b) R (c, d)
n(A × B) = 6
ad (b + c) = bc (a + d)
So, the total number of relations from set A to set B are
 cd (d + a) = da ( c + b)  (c, d) R (a, b)
-
= 26 ∴ R is symmetric relation.
= 64. (c) Transitive relation:-
69. If A and B have n elements in common, then  (a, b), (c, d) (e, f)  N × N
the number of elements common to A × B and Then,
B × A is (a, b)R(c, d), (c, d)R(e, f) (a, b)R(e, f)

(a) 0 (b) n Now,

(c) 2n (d) n2 (a, b)R( c, d)  ad ( b + c) = bc (a + d)

Karnataka CET 2012  adb + adc = bca + bcd ….(1)

And, (c, d)R(e, f)  cf (d + e) = de (c + f)
Ans. (d) : Given, A and B have n elements in common.
 cfd + cfe = dec + def ….(2)
So, the number of elements common to A × B and
Adding and multiply if in equation (1) and ab in
B × A is _______.
equation (2), we get-
=n×n
adbef + adcef + abcfd + abcfc = abcef + bcdef +
= n2. abdec + abdcf
70. If f(x) = (a - xn)1/n, where a > 0 and n  N, then adcef + abcfd = bcdef + abdec
fof (x) is equal to : adcf ( e + b) = bcde ( f + a)
(a) a (b) x af ( b + e) = be (a + f)
(c) xn (d) an  (a, b) R (e, f)
BITSAT-2019 Then, it is transitive relation.
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = (a – xn)1/x where a > 0 and Hence, R is an equivalence relation.
nN 72. The relation R defined on set
Then, A = x :| x |< 3,xI by R =  x,y  : y =| x |is
fof (x) = f(f(x))
fof (x) = f(a – xn)1/2 (a) 2,2),(1,1),  0,0  , 1,1 ,  2,2 

2,2),(2,2),  1,1 ,  0,0 , 1, 2 , 1,2 ,

  
h 1/ n

fof (x) = a   a  x n 
1/ n (b)

 2, 1 ,  2, 2
fof (x) = a   a  x h 
1/ n

(c)  0,0 , 1,1 ,  2,2

fof (x) = (xn)1/n = x . (d) None of the above
71. If N denote the set of all natural numbers and VITEEE-2013
R be the relation on N  N defined by (a, b) R Ans. (a): Given,
(c, d), if ad (b + c) = bc (a + d), then R is
A = { x : | x| < 3, x I}
(a) symmetric only
by R = { (x, y) : y = | x| }
(b) reflexive only
Then,
(c) transitive only
A = { x : | x| < 3, xI }
(d) an equivalence relation
A = { x : –3 < x < 3, x I}
VITEEE-2013
Ans. (d) : Given, N = set of all natural numbers,  A = { –2, –1, 0, 1, 2 }
Relation R on N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if ad (b + c) Now, R = { (x, y) : y = |x|}
= bc (a + d).
15
So, R = { (–2, 2), (–1, 1) (0, 0) (1, 1) (2, 2) } (b) Symmetric : –
73. The relation R defined on the set of natural | a – b| > 0  | b – a | > 0
numbers as {(a, b) : a differs from b by 3} is  aRb = bRa
given Since, | a – b| = | b – a|
(a) {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6),....} Then, R is symmetric.
(b) {(4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3),....} (c) Transitive : –
(c) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9),....} | a – b| > 0, | b – c| > 0  | a – c | > 0
(d) None of the above  aRb, bRc = aRc
VITEEE-2012 Then, R is transitive.
Ans. (b) : Given, So, the relation is symmetric and transitive.
The relation R defined on the set of natural number as { 76. Determine which one of the following relations
(a, b): a differs from b by 3} can be also written as. on X = {1, 2, 3, 4} is not transitive.
R = { (a, b) : a, b  N, a – b = 3} (a) R1 = , the empty relation
R = { (a, b) : a, b  N, a = b + 3} (b) R2 = X x X, the universal relation
R = [{ b + 3, b }, b  N] (c) R3 = {(1,3), (2,1)}
Or R = [{ n + 3, n} n  N }] (d) R4 = {(1,1), (1,2), (2,3), (1,3) (4,4)}
So, R = { (4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3)…….} VITEEE-2006
74. If R be a relation from Ans. (d) : Given, X = {1, 2, 3, 4}
A = 1,2,3,4 toB = 1,3,5 such that We know that-
a,b   R  a < b,thenROR1is For transitive relation -
If aRb, bRc = aRc
(a) 1,3 , 1,5 ,  2,3 ,  2,5 , 3,5  ,  4,5  Means (a, b) (b, c ),  R
Then, (a, c)  R
(b) 3,1 , 5,1 , 3,2 , 5,2 , 5,3 , 5,4 Now, by options checks
(c) 3,3 , 3,5 , 5,3 , 5,5 All options are transitive except option (d).
Because in option (d),
(d) 3,3 , 3,4 ,  4,5 R4 = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (4, 4)}
VITEEE-2011 Since, (1, 3), (4, 4)  R4  ( 1, 4)  R4
Ans. (c) : Given, So, it is not a transitive relation.
A = {1, 2, 3, 4} 77. If two sets A and B are having 39 elements in
and B = {1, 3, 5 } common, then the number of elements common
Such that – (a, b)  R  a < b to each of the sets A × B and B × A are
Then, (a) 239 (b) 392
1,11,31,5  2,1 2,3 2,5  
 (c) 78 (d) 351

A×B=   UPSEE-2015
  
 3,1 3,3 (3,5)    
4,1 4,3 4,5 Ans. (b) : Given, two set A and B are having 39
So, R = {(1, 3)(1, 5)(2, 3)(2, 5)(3, 5) (4, 5)} element in common.
and R–1 = {(3, 1)(5, 1)(3, 2) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4)} Since, given, n ( A  B) = 39 = n ( B  A)
Hence, ROR–1 = {(3, 3), (3, 5) (5, 3), (5, 5)} So, the number of elements common to each of sets
75. If R be a relation defined as a R b iff |a – b| > 0, A × B and B × A are -
then the relation is (A × B)  ( B × A) = ( A  B) × ( B  A)
(a) reflexive = 39 × 39
(b) symmetric (A × B)  (B × A) = 392
(c) transitive 78. If A and B are two equivalence relations
(d) symmetric and transitive defined on set C, then
VITEEE-2008 (a) A  B is an equivalence relations
Ans. (d) : Given, R be a relation defined as aRb if f (b) A  B is not an equivalence relation
| a – b| > 0 (c) A  B is an equivalence relation
Then, check relations (d) A  B is not an equivalence relation
(a) Reflexive : – Consider a be an arbitrary element UPSEE-2011
 | a – a| = 0 ≯ = 0  aRa Ans. (a) : Given, A and B are two equivalence relations
Then, it is not reflexive relation on R. defined on set C.

16
.

So, then A  B is an equivalence relations 

(a)  (b)
2
(c) 2 (d) none of these
79. The relation R defined on the set N of natural JCECE-2006
number by Ans. (b) : Given, f (x) = sin4 x + cos4 x
xRy  2x 2  3xy  y2  0 is f(x) = (sin2 x)2 + (cos2x)2
(a) symmetric but not reflexive f(x) = (sin2x)2 + (cos2x)2 + 2sin2x( cos2x –2 sin2xcos2x
(b) only symmetric f(x) = (sinx + cosx)2 – 2 sin2x cos2x
(c) not symmetric but reflexive f(x) = 1– 2sin2x cos2x { sin2x + cos2x = 1}
(d) none of the above
2  2sin 2 x cos 2 x
UPSEE-2010 f(x) = 1–
2
Ans. (c) : Given, xRy  2x2 – 3xy + y2 = 0
4 sin 2 x cos 2 x
Then, check relations are – f(x) = 1 –
(a) Reflexive : – 2
 2sin x cos x 
2
2x2 – 3x2 + x2 = 3x2 – 3x2 = 0
f(x) = 1 –
We see, xRx, xN. 2
Then, It is reflexive relation,
 sin 2x 
2

(b) Symmetric : – f(x) = 1 –

2
2x2 – 3xy + y2 2y2 – 3yx + x2
We see xRy yRx
sin 2 2x
f(x) = 1 –
Then, It is not symmetric relation. 2
(c) Transitive : – We know cos2 = 1 – 2sin2
2x2 – 3xy + y2, 2y2 – 3yz + z2 2x2 – 3xz + z2 2sin2 = 1 – cos2
We, see, xRy, yRz xRz 1  cos 2
sin2 =
Then, It is not transitive relation. 2
So, R is not symmetric but reflexive . 1  cos 4
Then, sin22 =
80. The relation R defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3} 2
as R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 3)} is 1  1  cos 4x 
(a) equivalence (b) not symmetric So, f(x) = 1   
2 2 
(c) not reflexive (d) not transitive
1 cos 4x
JCECE-2018 f(x) = 1  
Ans. (b) : Given, 2 4
1 cos 4x
A = {1, 2, 3} f(x) = 
R = { (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 3)} 2 4
Then, check relations - Since period of cos = 2
(a) Reflexive : – 2
and, period of cos n =
(1, 1)  R  1R1 n
Then, R is reflexive. 2
So, period of cos4x =
(b) Symmetric : – 4
(1, 3)  R  (3, 1)  R 
cos4x =
1R3 3R1 2
Then, R is not symmetric.
(c) Transitive :-
(1, 1)  R, ( 3, 3)  R  (1, 3)  R (1.e) Properties of Functions and its
1R1, 3R3  1R3 Graphs
Then, R is transitive.
So, the relation R is not symmetric but reflexive and 82. If ex = y + 1 + y 2 then the value of y is
transitive. 1 1
(a) (b)
81. The period of the function f(x) = sin4 x + cos4 x 2  ex  e x  2  ex  e x 
is: (c) ex – ex/2 (d) none of these
SRMJEEE-2014

17
Ans. (d) : Given, 3x
Then, f(3x) = .....(2)
x
e = y+ 1 y 2 3x  1
Put the value of x by equation (i) in equation (ii),
Then, find y = ?
we get
 ex  y  1  y2 ....(i) f (x)
3
Reciprocal of equation f (x)  1
f (3x) 
1 1 f (x)
 .....(ii) 3 1
ex y  1  y2 f (x)  1
Then, for y subtract equation (i) from equation (ii) we 3f (x)
get - f (x)  1
f (3x) 
1
 ex 
1
 y  1  y2   3f (x)  {f (x)  1}
e x

y  1 y 2
 f (x)  1
3f (x)
1
 ex 

1  y  1  y2  y  1  y2  f (3x) 
3f  x   f  x   1
ex
y  1  y2  f (3x) 
3f (x)
2f  x   1
1  e x .e x 1   y  y 1  y  y 1  y  1  y  
 2 2 2 2 

 84. If 2f  x  = f'  x  and f  0  = 3, then the value of

ex

y  1  y2  f  2  is

 2 (a) 4e3 (b) 3e 4

1  e2x 1  1  2y  2y 1  y 
2

 (c) 3e 2 (d) 2e3

ex

y  1  y2  MHT-CET 20
Ans. (b) : Given, 2f(x) = f'(x) and f(0) = 3
1  e2x 2y 2  2y 1  y 2
 Then, 2f(x) = f'(x)
ex

y  1  y2  f'(x) = 2f(x)
f '(x)
1  e2x 2y y  1  y

2
  f (x)
2

ex

y  1  y2  Integrate both side w.r.t. x -
f ' x 
1  e2x  f (x) dx   2dx
 2y
ex log |f(x)| = 2x + c
1  e2x Put x = 0, we get –
y .
2e x log |f(0)| = 2 × o + c
x log |f(0)| = c
83. If f(x) = , f(3x) in terms of f(x) is
x -1 Then, c = log3 ( f (0) = 3)
3f (x) 3f (x) So, log |f(x)| = 2x + log3 .....(i)
(a) (b)
3f (x)  1 3f (x)  3 Put x = 2 in equation .....(i)
3f (x) log|f(2)| = 2 × 2 + log3
(c) (d) 3f(x)-1 log |f(2)| = 4 + log3
2f (x)  1
Hence, f(2) = e4 + log3 = e4. elog3 = 3e4
SRMJEEE-2015
85. for f  x  =  x , where  x  is the greatest integer
x
Ans. (*) : Given, f(x) = function, which of the following is true, for
x 1
every x  R .
x.f(x) – f(x) = x
xf(x) – x = f(x) (a)  x   1  x (b)  x   1  x
x [f(x) –1] = f(x) (c) x 1  x (d) x 1  x
f (x)
x= ....(1) MHT-CET 20
f (x)  1 Ans. (b) : Given,
f (x) = [x]

18
.

We, know that the greatest integer function is also x2 –3x + 4 = 4x2 + 4x + 1 – 6x + 1
known as the step function. Greatest integer function is x2 – 3x + 4 = 4x2 – 2x + 2
a function that gives the greatest integer less than or 4x2 – 2x + 2 – x 2 + 3x – 4 = 0
equal to a given number. 3x2 + x – 2 = 0
It means, 3x2 + 3x – 2x – 2 = 0
[x] = n, where, n  x < n + 1 and 'n' is an integer. 3x (x + 1) –2(x + 1) = 0
Ex. [52] = 5 as, 5  5.2 < 6 (x + 3) (3x – 2) = 0
and [–5.3] = –6, as –6  – 5.3 < – 5 So, (x + 1) = 0 or (3x – 2) = 0
Since, x = [x] + {x}  {x} = x – [x] x = –1 or 3x – 2 = 0
Where [x] = Greatest integer function 2
x=
{x} = Fractional part 3
Then, 0  {x}<1 2
So, 0  x – [x] < 1 Hence, x = 1,
3
0 + [x]  x < 1 + [x]
88. If f  x  = ax2 + bx + 2 and f 1 = 4, f  3  = 38,
[x]  x < [x] + 1
Hence, [x] + 1 > x then a – b =
(a) 8 (b) 2
86. If f  x  =  x – 5 x + 6 = 0 , where  x  denotes
2
(c) –2 (d) 15
greatest integer function then x  MHT-CET 20
(a) (2,4] (b) [2,4) Ans. (a) : Given
(c)  2,4 (d)  2,4  f(x) = ax2 + bx + 2
And f(1) = 4 f(3) = 38
MHT-CET 20
2 Then, find a –b = ?
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = [x] – 5[x] + 6
 f(1) = a× (1)2 + b ×1 + 2
Where, [x] = Greatest integer function.
f(1) = a + b + 2
Then, [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0
4=a+b+2
[x]2 – 3[x] –2 [x] + 6 = 0
a+b=4–2
[x]([x] – 3) – 2([x] – 3) = 0]
a + b = 2 ....... (i)
([x] –3) ([x] – 2)= 2
And, f(3) = a × 32 + b × 3 + 2.
[x] = 2, 3
38 = 9a + 3b + 2
We know - [x] = K  K < x < K + 1
9a + 3b + 2 = 38
Then from above formula-
9a + 3b = 36
[x] = 2  2  x < 2 + 1
3a + b = 12 (ii)
2x<3 So, from equation (i) and equation (ii)
 x  [2, 3] a + b = 2 ........(i)
And for [x] = 3  3  x < 3 + 1 3a + b = 12 .........(ii)
3x<4  2a + a + b = 12
 x  [3, 4) 2a + 2 = 12
So, common answer is x[2,4). 2a = 10
87. If f  x  = x – 3x + 4 and f  x  = f  2x +1 , then
2 a=5
x= Then 5 + b=2
b = –3
3 2
(a) 1, (b) 1, So, a – b = 5 – ( – 3)
2 3
a–b=5+3
2 3
(c) 1, (d) 1, a – b = 8.
3 2
π
MHT-CET 20 89. If f'  x  = k cosx + sinx  and f  0  = 9, f   = 15,
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = x2 – 3x + 4 2
And f(x) = f(2x +1) then f  x  =
Then from - (a) 3 cos x  sin x   12
f(x) = f(2x +1)
x2 – 3x + 4 = (2x +1)2 –3 (2x +1) + 4 (b) 3 sin x  cos x   12
(c) 3 sin x  cos x   12
2 2
x – 3x + 4 = (4x +4x + 1) – 6x –3 + 4
19
 (d) 3 sin x  cos x   12 x –1
91. If f(x) = , then f(2x) is :
MHT-CET 20 x +1
Ans. (c) : Given, f (x) +1 3 f (x) +1
(a) (b)
f'(x) = k ( cos x + sin x ) f (x) + 3 f (x) + 3
 f (x) + 3 f (x + 3)
And f(0) = 9, f    15 (c) (d)
2 f (x) +1 3 f (x) +1
Then from –
x 1
f'(x) = k ( cosx + sin x ) Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) =
x 1
Integrate both side w.r.t. x, we get
x.f(x) + f(x) = x – 1
 f (x)dx   k  cos x  sin x dx x. f (x) – x = –1– f (x)
f (x)  k  sin x  cos x   c...........(1) x (f(x) –1) = – (1+ f(x))
1 f x
 x=
Put x = 0 and x  in equation (1) we get 1 f x
2
f(0) = k ( sin 0 – cos 0) + C 2x  1
Then, f(2x) =
9 = k ( 0 – 1) + C 2x  1
9=–k+C 2  1  f  x  
C – k = 9 ....................(2) 1
and, f(2x) =
1  f  x  
1 f x 
    2x    1
f    k  sin  cos   c
 
2  2 2  1 f x 
15 = k ( 1 – 0) + c 2 1  f  x   1  f  x  
f(2x) =
2 1  f  x   1  f  x 
15 = k + c
C + K = 15 .........(3) .
Add the equation (2) and equation (3) we get 2  2f  x   1  f  x 
f(2x) =
C + K + C – K = 15 + 9 2  2f  x   1  f  x 
2 C = 24
3.f  x   1
C = 12 So, f(2x) =
Then, 12 + K = 15 ] f x  3
K=3 log e x
So, f(x) = 3 (sin x– cos x ) + 12 92. The maximum value of in 0 < x <  is :
x
(a) e (b) logxe
logx logy logz (c) 1/e (d) e/2
90. If = = , then xyz is equal to :
a–b b–c c–a Ans. (c) : Consider,
(a) 0 (b) 1 log e x
(c) –1 (d) 2 y ....(i)
x
Ans. (b) : Given, 1
log x log y log z x.  log e x.1
dy
= = Then,  x 2
a b bc ca dx x
log x log y log z dy 1  log e x
Let, = = =1 
ab bc ca dx x2
Then, log x = (a – b) × 1 dy
log x = a – b = x = ea–b For maximum value, 0
dx
log y = ( b – c) × 1
1  10g e x
log y = b – c 0
y = eb–c x2
And, log z = 1. ( c – a) 1 – loge x = 0
log z = ( c – a) x = e1
z = ec – a x=e
So, xyz = ea–b × eb–c × ec–a
xyz = ea–b + b – c + c – a = e0 = 1
20
.

 log e x  log e e 1 Ans. (b) : Given, A set {1, 2, 3} be defined by relation

So, max.   R = { (1, 1)}
 x  e e
Then, check relation are -
93. If log x 256 = 8/5, then x is equal to :
(a) Reflexive :-
(a) 64 (b) 16
In this relation,
(c) 32 (d) 8
(1, 1) R but (2, 2) (3, 3) R
Ans. (c) : Given, log x 256 = 8/5
So, it is not reflexive relation.
Then, X8/5 = 256
X = (256)5/8 (b) Symmetric : –
X = (28)5/8 1R1  1R1

X = 28×5/8 = 25 Means – (a, b) = (1, 1) R

X = 32. Then, (b, a) = (1, 1) R
94. A is a set having 6 distinct elements. The So, it is symmetric relation
number of distinct functions from A to A which (c) Transitive -
are not bijections is If (a, b) = (1, 1) R
6 (b, c) = (1, 1) R
(a) 6! – 6 (b) 6 – 6
Then, (a, c) = (1,1) R
(c) 66 – 6! (d) 6!
So, it is transitive relation.
Karnataka CET 2018
Hence, R is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
Ans. (c) : Given, A is a set having 6 distinct elements relation.
Then, total number of distinct function from A to A = 6
97. Let S be the set of all real numbers. A relation
And the total number of bijections (one-one not) from A
R has been defined on S by aRb  |a – b| < 1,
to A = 6 !
then R is
So, the number of distinct functions from A to A which
are not bijections is 66 – 6! (a) symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
(b) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
95. If n(A) = 2 and total number of possible
relations from set A to set B is 1024, then n(B) (c) reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
is (d) an equivalence relation
(a) 20 (b) 10 Karnataka CET 2014
(c) 5 (d) 512 Ans. (c) : Given,
Karnataka CET 2020 S = set of all real numbers
and aRb  |a–b|  1
Ans. (c) : Given, n(A) = 2
Then, cheek relation are –
And, total number of possible relations from set a to set
B is 1024. (a) Reflexive :–
Then, find n(B) = ? | a – a|  1, aS
We know | 0|  1, 0S
0  1, 0S
2 { n(A). n (B)}
= Total number of possible relations It is true for aRa .
from set A to set B Then, it is reflexive relation
2 { n(A). n (B)}
= 1024 (b) Symmetric :–
2 { n(A). n (B)}
= 2 10 | a – b|  1  | b – a|  1, a, bS
n(A).n(B) = 10 It is true for aRb  bRa because mod
2.n (B) = 10 = n(B) = 5. Gives the value.
Then, it is symmetric relation.
96. If a relation R on the set {1, 2, 3} be defined by
(c) Transitive :-
R = {(1, 1)}, then R is
Let, a, b, c  S
(a) Reflective and transitive
Then, | a – b|  1, | b – c|  1 | a – c|  1
(b) Symmetric and transitive
Means aRb 1, bRc  1 aRc  1
(c) Only symmetric
Explain : Let a = 1, b = 2, c = 3
(d) Reflexive and symmetric Then, |1–2|  1, | 2 – 3|  1 | 1– 3|  1
Karnataka CET 2020 1  1, 1  1 21
Then, it is not transitive relation .

21
So, R is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive. Then satisfies the condition -
98. Let R be an equivalence relation defined on a xRy, yRz  xRz
set containing 6 elements. The minimum It is a transitive relation -
number of ordered pairs that R should contain So, R is reflexive and transitive relation but not
is symmetric relation.
(a) 6 (b) 12 100. R is a relation on N given by R = {(x, y) |4x + 3y
(c) 36 (d) 64 = 20}. Which of the following belongs to R?
Karnataka CET 2010 (a) (3, 4) (b) (2, 4)
Ans. (a) : Given, R be an equivalence relation defined (c) (–4, 12) (d) (5, 0)
on a set containing 6 element. Karnataka CET 2008
Let A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} Ans. (d) : Given, R is a relation on N given by –
Here, R is an equivalence relation on set A. R = { (x, y)| 4x + 3y = 20}.
Then, it must be satisfies reflexive property Check from options –
1R1,  1A. (a) 4 × 3 + 3 × 4 = 12 + 12 = 24  20
It is true for set A. Then it is reflexive relation. (b) 4 × 2 + 3 × 4 = 8 + 12 = 20 = 20
So, the minimum number of ordered pairs that R should (c) 4 × –4 + 3 × 12 = –16 + 36 = 20 = 20
contain is (d) 4 × 5 + 3 × 0 = 20 + 0 = 20 = 20
R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5) (6, 6)} Here, option (a) does not satisfies the condition. and
99. Define a relation R on A = {1, 2, 3, 4} as xRy if option (c) and option (d) is not natural number.
x divides y. R is So, (2, 4) is belongs to R.
(a) reflexive and transitive 101. If A = {a, b, c}, B = {b, c, d} and C = {a, b, c},
(b) reflexive and symmetric then (A – B) × (B  C) =
(c) symmetric and transitive (a) {(a, c), (a, d)}
(d) equivalence (b) {(a, b), (c, d)}
Karnataka CET 2011 (c) {(c, a), (d, a)}
Ans. (a) : Given, A relation R on A = {1, 2, 3, 4} as (d) {(a, c), (a, d), (b, d)}
xRy if x divides y. Karnataka CET 2006
Then, check relation R are - Ans. (a) : Given, A = { a, b, c} B = { b, c, d} and
(a) Reflexive :- c = {a, d, c }
x divides x, xA Then, A – B = {a, b, c} – { a, c, d}
It is true because 1 divides 1 A – B = {a}
2 divides 2 and, B  C = { b, c, d,}  { a, d, c }
3 divides 3 B  C = { d, c}
4 divides 4 So, (A – B) × ( B  C) = { a}× { d, c}
Then, satisfies the condition - = {a} × { c, d}.
xRx, xA. (A – B) × (B  C) = { (a, c), (a, d)}.
It is a reflexive relation 102. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then which one of the
(b) Symmetric relation :- following is reflexive?
Since, x divides y y divides x, x,yA (a) {(1, 1),(2, 3),(3, 3)}
It is not true because - (b) {(1, 1),(2, 2),(3, 3),(4, 4)}
1 divides 2 2 not divides 1 (c) {(1, 2),(2, 1),(3, 2),(2, 3)}
2 divides 4 = 4 not divides 2 (d) {1, 2),(1, 3),(1, 4)}
Then, does not satisfies the condition - COMEDK 2014
xRy = yRx, xA, yA. Ans. (b) : Given, A={1, 2, 3, 4}
It is not a symmetric relation - Let R be a reflexive relation on a then for each a
(c) Transitive relation : -  A,(a,a)  R
Let x, y, z  A  Option (b) is true.
Since, x divides y, y divides  x divides z
It is true, because -
1 Divides, 2 divides, 4  1 divides 4
22
.
103. Let R be the relation on the set R of all real But  x 2  y2  1  y2  x 2  1
numbers, defined by aRb If a – b  1. Then, R
108. Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3,
is 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)} be a relation on the set A = {3,
(a)
reflexive and symmetric only 6, 9, 12}. Then, the relations is
(b)reflexive and transitive only (a) an equivalence relation
(c)
equivalence (b) reflexive and symmetric
(d)None of the above (c) reflexive and transitive
BITSAT-2013 (d) only reflexive
Ans. (a) : Since, a  a  0  1, so aRa, a  R BITSAT-2014
 R is reflexive. Ans. (c) : (3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12),  R
R is not symmetric as (6, 12)  R but (12, 6)  R
Now, aRb  a  b  1  b  a  1  bRa
R is transitive as the only pair which needs verification
 R is symmetric. is (3, 6) and (6, 12)  R
But R is not transitive as  (3, 12)  R
1R2, 2R3 but 1 R 3
109. If the points (1, 2, 3) and (2, –1, 0), lie on the
 1  3  2  1 opposite sides of the plane 2x + 3y –2z = k, then
2 (a) k < 1 (b) k > 2
104. x = xy is a relation which is
(c) k < 1 or k > 2 (d) 1 < k < 2
(a) Symmetric (b) Reflexive
VITEEE-2014
(c) Transitive (d) None of these
BITSAT-2008 Ans. (d) : The points (1, 2, 3) and (2, –1, 0) lie on the
2 opposite sides of the plane.
Ans. (b) : Given, x = xy
 2x + 3y – 2z –k = 0
The relation is only reflexive relation because -
 (2 + 6 –6 –k) (4 – 3 –k) < 0
xRx, is only define in this relation.
 (k – 1) (k – 2) < 0
So, x2 = xy is a relation which is reflexive.
105. Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1)} be a
relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The relation
R is k  1,2 
(a) reflexive (b) transitive
(c) not symmetric (d) a function  1<k<2
BITSAT-2007 110. The number of real solutions of the equation
Ans. (c) : (2, 3)  R but (3, 2)  R  9
  = 3 + x  x is
2

 R is not symmetric  
10
106. Let P = {(x, y) : x + y = 1, x, y  R}. Then P
2 2 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) None of these
is VITEEE-2012
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
Ans. (a) : Let f(x) = –3 + x – x2
(c) Transitive (d) Anti-symmetric
Then, f(x) < 0 for all x because coefficient of x2 < 0 and
BITSAT-2005 disc < 0. Thus, LHS of the given equation is always
Ans. (b) : Obviously, the relation is not reflexive and positive whereas the RHS is always less than zero.
transitive but it is symmetric, because x 2  y2  1 Hence, the given equation has no solution.
 y2  x 2  1 Alternate Solution:
Given, equation is
107. If  = {(x, y) | x2 + y 2 = 1; x, y  R}. Then  is
9
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric  3  x  x 2
10
(c) transitive (d) anti-symmetric
BITSAT-2015
Ans. (b) : Obviously, the relation is not reflexive and
transitive, but it is symmetric, because
x 2  x 2  2x 2  1
and x 2  y2  1, y2  z2  1
 x 2  z2  1
23
  sin(ex)  2
Which is not possible as also sin   1.
Thus, given equation has no solution.
113. Function f: N, f(x) = 2x + 3 is
(a) many-one onto function
(b) many-one into function
(c) one-one onto function
(d) one-one into function
UPSEE-2016
Ans. (d) : Given, function f:N, f (x) = 2x + 3
Consider x1 and x2 be any two elements of N.
 f (x1) = f(x2)  2x1 + 3 = 2x2 + 3
9  x1 = x2
Let y  , therefore Then, f is one-one function
10
Again, let y = 2x + 3
y = –3 + x – x2
 2x = y – 3
 1 1
y   x2  x    3  y3
 4 4 x=
2
2
11  1  We see that, it is not onto function because for y = 3 
 y    x  
4  2 x=0N
It is clear from the graph two curves do not intersect. So, function f : N, f (x) = 2x + 3 is one-one into
Hence, no solution exists. function.
114. The value of [(logb a)(logc b) (logac)] is
111. If f  x  = log10 x2 . The set of all values of x for
(a) abc (b) log abc
which f(x) is real, is (c) 0 (d) 1
(a) [–1, 1] (b) [–1, ] UPSEE-2016
(c) (–,1] (d) (–,–1][1, ] Ans. (d) : Given,
 log b a  logc b  loga c   ?
VITEEE-2010
Ans. (d) : f  x   log10 x is real, if
2
Then, logab  logcb  logac
log10 x  0
2
log k a log k b log k c
=  
 x2  1 log k b log k c logk c
 x  1 and x  1 =1
 x   , 1]  [1,   1 1
115. If p = + + 1 , then
112. The number of solutions of the equation sin (e ) x log 3 π log 4 π
= 5x + 5-x, is (a) 2.5 < p < 3 (b) p > 3
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1.5 < p < 2 (d) 2 < p < 2.5
(c) 2 (d) infinitely many UPSEE-2016
VITEEE-2010 1 1
Ans. (b) : Given, p =  1
Ans. (a) : We have, sin  ex   5x  5 x ....(i) log3  log 4 
x
Let 5 = t, then eq. (i), reduces to 1 1
Then, p   1
log 3  log 4 
sin  e x   t 
1
t 4
p = log3 + log 1

 sin  ex   t   2  2
1
t p = log(3 × 4) + 1
2 p = log (12) + 1
 1 
 sin  e x    t   2 We know that –
 t 12 > (2) = (3.14)2 = 9.8596
 5 x
 0, 5x  t exists  Then, 12 > 2
log12 > log2

24
.

log12 > 2 xRy = yRz  xRz

So, p>3 Let, x =  2, y  3 2, z  2
116. The relation R in R defined by R = {(a, b) : a  Then, xRy = x – y + 2
b3), is
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric =  2 3 2  2
(c) transitive (d) None of these = 3 2 is antirational number.
UPSEE-2014 yRz = y – z + 2
Ans. (d) : Given, the relation R in R.
= 3 2 2 2
R = { (a, b) : a  b3}.
Then, check relation R are - = 4 2  2 is an irrational number.
(a) Reflexive relation : - And, xRz = x – z + 2
R = { (a, a) ; a  a3} =  2 2 2
It is not true because – = –2 is not rational number.
Let a = 2, then R = { (2, 2); 2  23 } is not true. Then it is not a transitive relation.
So, it is not reflexive relation. So, the relation R is only reflexive but not symmetric
(b) Symmetric Relation : – and transitive relation.
Since, R = { (a, b); a  b3 }  118. An integer m is said to be related to another
R = { (b, a); b  a3} integer n, if m is a multiple of n. Then, the
It is not true because a is less then b but a not equation relation is
b. (a) reflexive and symmetric
So. it is not reflexive relation. (b) reflexive and transitive
(c) Transitive relation : (c) symmetric and transitive
Let a, b, c in R. (d) an equivalence relation
Then, R = { (a, b) ; a  b3}, R = { (b, c); b  c3} UPSEE-2012
 R = { (a, b) ; a  c3} Ans. (b) : Given, an integer m is said to be related to
It is not true because, a is less than C but a not equal toanother integer n, if m is a multiple of n.
c. Then, check relation are –
So, it is not transitive relation. (a) Reflexive relation : -
Hence, the relation R in R defined by mRm  nRn
R = { (a, b) : a  b3} is not reflexive not symmetric and Means (m, m) R, ( n, n)  R
not transitive relation . Then, R is reflexive relation.
117. For real numbers x and y, we define xRy if (b) Symmetric relation :
x  y + 5 is an irrational number. The relation (m, n) R but ( n, m)  R.
R is Example : –
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric (3, 9) R but (9, 3)  R
(c) transitive (d) None of these Then, R is not symmetric relation.
UPSEE-2013 (c) Transitive relation : –
(m, n)R, (n,p)R  (m, p)  R
Ans. (a) : Given, rRy = x–y + 5 is am irrational
Example : –
number.
Than, check relation R is (2, 6)R, (6, 12) R  (2, 12) R
Reflexive relation Then, it is transitive relation.
So, the relation R is reflexive and transitive but not
xRx = x –x + 5 symmetric.
Then, 5 is an irrational number 119. The graph of the function y = f(x) is
So. xRx is reflexive relation. symmetrical about the line x = 2. Then,
(b) Symmetric relation :- (a) f  x  2  f  x  2
xRy = yRx
(b) f  2  x   f  2  x 
Then, xRy = x–y + 2 , yRx = y–x + 2
(c) f  x   f   x 
 xRy  yRx
Then, it is not a symmetric relation. (d) f  x    f   x 
(c) Transitive relation : - UPSEE-2010

25
Ans. (b) : Given, the graph of the function y = f(x) Ans. (b) : Given,
is symmetrical about the line x = 2. log4(x –1) = log2 (x – 3)
We know - log2(x –1) = log2 (x – 3)
A function g(x) is symmetrical about 1
log 2 (x  1)  log 2  x  3
y-axis means x = o, we can write is - 2
g(x) = g(–x) log2(x –1) = 2 log2 (x – 3)
It is also written as - log2 (x –1) = log2 ( x – 3)2
g(0 + x) = g(o –x) (x –1) = (x – 3)2
So, function y = f(x) which is symmetrical about the x – 1 = x2 – 6x + 9
line x = 2. x2 – 6x + 9 – x + 1 = 0
Then can be written as - x2 – 7x + 10 = 0
f( 2 + x) = f (2 – x) x2 – 5x – 2x + 10 = 0
120. Let a relation R be defined on set of all real (x – 2) (x – 5) = 0
numbers by a R b if and only if 1 + ab > 0. x = 2 or x = 5
Then, R is But x = 2 not possible because log2 (2 – 3)
(a) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric = log2 (–1) is not possible.
(b) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive Since, log does not have – ve value.
So, The number of solutions of log4(x –1) = log2 (x –3)
(c) Symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
is 1.
(d) an equivalence relation
122. Which of the following function from z into z is
UPSEE-2009 a bijection?
Ans. (b) : Given, a relation R be defined on set of all (a) f(x) = x3 (b) f(x) = x+2
real numbers. (c) f(x) = 2x+1 (d) f(x) = x2+1
and, aRb is 1 + ab > o. JCECE-2019
Then, check reaction R is - Ans. (b):
(a) Reflexive relation : – For bijection on z, f(x) must be one-one and onto
aRa = 1 + a2, here a2 is always a positive real number. function f(x) = x2+1 is many- one as f(1) = f(–1)
Then, 1 + a2 > 0 Range of f(x) ≠ x3 is not z for xz
So, R is reflexive relation. Also f(x) = 2x+1 takes only values of type
Symmetric relation :- = 2k+1 for x = kz
aRb = bRa But f(x) = x+2 takes all integral values for xz
1 + ab > 0 = 1+ ba > 0 Hence, f(x)= x + 2 is bijection on z
Since, ab = ba 123. Which of the following is true?
So, R is a symmetric relation. (a) The composition of function is commutative
(c) Transitive relation : - (b) Every function is invertible
aRb, bRc  aRc (c) If a function f is bijective then its inverse f –1
1 + ab > 0, 1 + bc > 0  1 + ac > 0 need not be bijective
Example : - Let a = 0.5, b = – 0.5, c = –4 (d) The composition of functions is associative
Then, JCECE-2018
1 + ( –0.5 × 0.5) > 0, 1 + (– 0.5) (–4) > 0  1+ (0.5) (– Ans. (d) : Consider f : A  B and g : B  C be two
4) > 0 functions. Then the composition of f and g denoted by
1– 0.2 > 0, 1+>01–2≯0 go f. is defined as the function gof: A  C given by go
gof (x) = g f (x)
0.75 > 0, 3 > 0  –1 > 0
Properties of function compositions.
–1<0
Associative property : Associative property of function
So, R is not transitive relation. composition,
Hence, R is reflexive symmetric but not transitive If there are three functions f, g and h, then they are said
relation. to be associative if and only is -
121. The number of solutions of log4(x+1) = log2(x– fo(goh) = (fog) oh.
3) is The function composition of two onto function is
(a) 3 (b) 1 always onto.
(c) 2 (d) 0 The function composition of one - to - one function is
UPSEE -2008 always onto.

26
.

The function composition of one- to one function is JCECE-2017

always one to one Ans. (c) : The digit in the unit place of
So, the composition of function is associative is true 7291 = 74×72+3 = 73 = 343 = 3.
statement. So, the digit in the unit place of 7291 is 3.
124. If a and b are positive integers such that 127. The number of integral solutions of the
a 2
 b 2  is a prime number, then equation {x + 1} + 2x = 4 [x + 1] – 6 , is
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) a 2  b2  a  b (b) a 2  b2  a  b (c) 2 (d) 3
(c) a 2  b2  a  b (d) a 2  b2  a  b JCECE-2016
JCECE-2017 Ans. (b) : Given, the equation
Ans. (a) : Given, a and b are positive integer such that {x + 1} + 2x = 4 [ x + 1] –6
(a2 – b2) is a prime number. We know –
Let a = 3, b = 2 are positive integer. x = {x} + [ x]
Then, a2 – b2 = 32 – 22 = 9 – 4 = 5 = a + b = 3 + 2 {x} = x – [x]
a2 – b2 = 5 and a + b = 5 Then, x + 1 – [ x + 1] + 2x = 4 [ x +1] – 6
Where, a2 – b2 = 5 is a prime number. 3x + 1 = 5 [ x + 1] – 6
So, a2 – b 2 = a + b 3x = 5 {[x] + 1} – 6 –1
125. Which of the following is false? 3x = 5 [x] + 5 – 7
(a)  N,   is a semi  group 3x = 5 [x] – 2 .....(i)
Again we put, x = {x} + [x]
(b)  Z,   is a group  3{[x] + {x}} = 5[x] – 2
(c)  N,  is a group 3x = 3[x] = 5 [x] –2
(d) Set of all cube roots of unity is an abelian 3 {x} = 2[x] –2
finite group under multiplication Since, 0  {x} < 1
JCECE-2017 0  3{x} < 3
Ans. (c) : (N, ) is a group is a false statement . And 0  2 [x] – 2 < 3
Because, it is not satisfies group property. 2  2 [x] < 5
The check group property : – 5
1  [x] <
(a) Closure property : – aob  G  a, b  N. 2
Means, a = 1 and b = 2 then, 1 × 2N 2  N.  [x] = 1, 2
(b) Associative property : - Then, from equation (a), we get -
ao (boc) = (aob) oc [x] = 1  x = 1
where, a, b, c  N 8
Example:- 1× (2×3) = (1×2) × 3 [x] = 2  x =
3
6 = 6. So, x = 1 is the only integral equation.
(c) Existence of multiplicative identity.
128. The period of the function
aoe = a
Example: - | sinx | - | cosx |
2×1 = 2 f (x) = is
| sinx + cosx |
So, multiplicative identify 1.
(d) Existence of multiplicative inverse. 
(a) (b) 2
–1 2
aoa = e
(c)  (d) None of these
Example : 1 × 1 = e  1 = e JCECE-2015
1 sin x  cos x
but 2  1 not exist Ans. (c) : Given, function, f (x) =
2 sin x  cos x
1 We see that function f (x + ) =
Because, N
2
sin    x   cos    x 
So, multiplicative inverse does not exist.
Hence, (N,) is not a group.
sin  x     cos  x   
126. The digit in the unit place of 7291 is
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
27
 f(x + ) =
sin x  cos x f(x) = x2 – 1, g(x) = x 2

+ 1 and
 sin x  cos x
0, if x  0
sin x  cos x h(x)   then ho(fog) (x) is defined
f(x + ) =  x, if x  0,
sin x  cos x
by
Here, we observe that (a) x (b) x2
f(x + ) = f(x), xR. (c) 0 (d) None of these
So, f(x) is periodic with period . JCECE-2008
129. If f (x) and g(x) are two functions with g(x) = x Ans. (b) : Given,
g(x) =  x 2  1
1 1
– and fog(x) = x3  3 , then f'(x) is equal to f(x) = x –1,
2

x x
 0, if x  0
And h(x) = 
 x, if x  0
1
(a) 3x2 + 3 (b) x2 – 2
x Then, h(fog)(x) = h {f(g(x)}

 
1 3
(c) 1  2 2
(d) 3x + 4  h f x2 1
x x

 
JCECE-2014  2

Ans. (a) : Given,  h  x 2  1  1
 
f(x) and g(x) are two function
1 1  h x  1  1
2

With g(x) = x  and fog = x 3  3

x x  h x 2 
We know - fog(x) = f(g(x))
1  1  x2
x3 – 3  f  x   So, ho(fog)(x) is defined by x2
x  x
 1 1 132. Let f(x) = x – [x] for all real number, where [x]
f  x    x3  3
is the integral part of x, then  f  x  dx is
1
 x x
1
3
 1  1 1 1 equal to:
f  x     x    3.x.  x  
 x   x  x  x (a) 1 (b) 2
 1  1 
3
1 (c) 0 (d) 1/2
f  x     x    3 x   JCECE-2003
 x  x  x
So, f(x) = x3 + 3x Ans. (a) : Given,
Then, f'(x) = 3x2 + 3. f(x) = x – [x]  real number

 f  x dx    x   x  dx
1 1
130. If f(x) = n xm ,n  N is an even function, then m 1 1
is
=   x   x dx    x   x  dx
0 1

(a) even integer 1 1

(b) Odd integer
  x  1dx   x dx
0 1
=
(c) any integer 1 0
0 1
(d) f(x) even is not possible  x2   x2 
JCECE-2013 =   x   
2 1  2 0
Ans. (a) : Given,
  1  1
f(x) = n x m , n  N is an even function. = 0    1   
  2  2
We know for even function f(x) = f(–x)
1 1
 n x m  n  x 
m = 
2 2
 m
x = (–x) m = 1.
 m is even integer. 133. The relations R defined in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
So, m is even integer. 6} as R = {(a, b) : b = a +1} is
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric
131. Let the functions f, g, h are defined from the set
of real numbers R to R such that (c) transitive (d) None of these
BCECE-2013
28
.

Ans. (d): Consider, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} So, R is reflexive and symmetric relation but not
Given, as R = {(a, b)} : b = a + 1}. transitive relation.
Then, check relation is - (1.f) Types of Functions and
(a) Reflexive relation :-
Then, aRa  aRa+1  aRa, 1R2, aA
Number of Function (one-one, onto,
So, it is not reflexive relation. into, many-one etc.)
(b) Symmetric relation 135. A function f from the set of natural numbers to
aRb = bRa  (n  1)
 i f n odd
Then aRa+1  a+1Ra is not defined. integers defined f(n) =  2 is:
n
So, it is not a symmetric relation.  i f n even
(c) Transitive Relation : -  2
If a, b, c  R (a) one-one but not onto
Then, aRb, bRc  aRc (b) onto but not one-one
It is not transitive because - (c) one-one and onto both
(d) neither one-one nor onto
5R6, 6R7  5R7
SRM JEEE 2018
is not defined because 7  A .
Ans. (c) : j
So, it is not a transitive relation.
Hence, the relation R is not a reflexive not a symmetric 136. The distinct linear functions which map [ – 1, 1
and not a transitive relation. ] onto [0, 2 ] are
(a) f(x) = x + 1, g(x) = – x + 1
134. Let R be the relation on the set R, of all real
(b) f(x) = x – 1, g(x) = x + 1
numbers defined by aRb if f |a–b|1. Then, R is
(c) f(x) = – x – 1, g(x) = x – 1
(a) reflexive and symmetric
(d) none of these
(b) symmetric only
SRMJEEE-2007
(c) transitive only
(d) anti-symmetric only Ans. (a) : Let f(x) = ax + b ahere f: [–1, 1]  [0, 2]
BCECE-2012 Clearly, f(–1) = 0, f(1) = 2
f(–1) = 2, f(1) = 0
Ans. (a): Given, R be the relation on the set R defined
by aRb if f(x) = |a – b|  1.  a  b  0  a  b  2
  or 
Then, R is reflexive and symmetric relation but a  b  2 a  b  0
transitive relation.
a 1, b  1
Check relations –  
(a) Reflexive relation : – a  1, b  1
aRa, aR 137. Let f : R  R be a function defined by f (x) = |x|
Then, |a – a|  1 + 1. Then which of the following is true?
|0| 1 (a) f is 1–1 and onto
01 (b)f is neither 1–1 nor onto
It is reflexive relation. (c) f is onto but not 1-1
(b) Symmetric Relation : - (d) f –1 exists
SRMJEEE-2015
aRb = bRa, a, bR
Then, |a – b|  1 = | b – a|  1 Ans. (b) :
It is true because modulus gives the value.
So, it is symmetric relation.
(c) Transitive relation –
aRb, bRc  aRc, a, b, c  R
It is not true.
Let a = 1, b = 2 and c = 3
Then, |a – b|  1, |b – c|  1  | a – c|  1 as per above figure it is clearly s house that f(x) is
| 1 –2| 1, |2–3| 1  |1–3| 1 neither one-one onto.
11, 1  1  2  1 2x + 3 2
21 138. If f  x  = , x  , then the function fof is
3x – 2 3
It is not transitive relations . (a) a constant function

29
 (b) an identify function 4x  6  9x  6 13x
(c) an even function   x
6x  9  6x  4 13
(d) an exponential function It is an odd function
MHT-CET 20
141. Function f: R  R defined by f  x  = x2 + 5 is
Ans. (b) :
fof  f  f  x  
(a) many-one and onto
(b) one-one and onto
 2x  3  4x  6 (c) one-one and into
2 3 3
 3x  2  3x  2 (d) many-one and into
 
 2x  3  6x  9 MHT-CET 2019
3   2 2
 3x  2  3x  2 Ans. (d) :
f : R  R defined as f  x   x 2  5
4x  6  9x  6 13x
  x
6x  9  6x  4 13 Polynomial function of even degree is many-one.
Therefore, we can say that the composite function fof  f  x   x 2  5 is many-one.
for the given function is an identity function.
There are some elements in co-domain of f which has
ex + e –x
139. If f : R  R, such that f  x  = x –x , then f is no-preimage in its domain. Hence f  x  is into
e –e function.
Thus, f  x   x 2  5 is many one and into function.
(a) an odd function
(b) a neither even nor odd function
(c) an even function 142. Function f : R  R is defined by f  x  = x + x .
(d) a periodic function Which of the following statement is true?
MHT-CET 2020 (a) f is many-one
Ans. (a) : (b) f is constant function
ex  e x e x  ex (c) f is one-one
f x  x x f  x    x (d) f is onto
e e e  ex
1 1 MHT-CET 2019
ex  x  ex
e e 2x
 1 e x 1  e2x 1  e 2x Ans. (a) :
  2x   
ex  x e  1  ex 1  e   e2x  1 x x, if x0
2x
1 1
x
e e  x , if x0
 f  x   f  x   f  x   2x , if x0
f  x 0, if x0
is an odd function.
2x + 3 2 For all x  0,f  x   0. Thus f  x  is many-one
140. If f  x  = , x  , then f o f is function.
3x – 2 3
(a) an odd function 143. Let A = {x : x  R ; x is not a positive integer}
(b) not defined for all x  R 2x
Define f : A  R as f (x) ; , then f is
(c) a constant function x -1
(d) an even function (a) injective but not surjective
MHT-CET 2020 (b) surjective but not injective
Ans. (a) : (c) bijective
2  3
We have, f  x   (d) neither injective nor surjective
3x  2 Jee Mains- 09.01.2019, shift-II
2x  3 
∴  fof  x   f f  x   f  
Ans. (a) : Given,
 3x  2  A = { x : xR; x is not a positive integer}
 2x  3  Define f : A  R as f(x) =
2x
2   3 2  2x  3  3  3x  2  x 1
 3x  2 
 
 2x  3  3  2x  3  2  3x  2  Then, f (x) 
2x
3   2
 3x  2  x 1

30
.

f '(x) =
 x  1 2  2x 1 We know, If set A has m elements and set B has n
 x  1 elements them the number of injective functions or one
2

n!
2x  2  2x to one function is .
f '(x) =  n  m !
 x  1
2
Then, the number of injective mappings that can be
2 defined from A to B is –
f '(x) = ,  x  A.
 x  1
2
5!
=
We see that f is decreasing in its domain  5  4 !
So, f is one-one (injective) 5!
=
Let, y = f(x) 1!
2x = 5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120.
y=
x 1 146. The range of the function f(x) = sin [x],
xy – y = 2x  
- < x < where [x] denotes the greatest
xy – 2x = y 4 4
x(y – 2) = y integer < x, is
y (a) {0} (b) {0, –1}
x=
y2 (c) {0, + sin1} (d) {0, – sin 1}
3 Karnataka CET 2013
Consider y = 3, then x = 1 0
3 2 Ans. (d) : Given,
Since, x is not a positive integer.  
f(x) = sin[x], x
So, f is not onto (Surjective) 4 4
144. Let f : R  R be defined by Where, [x] = Greatest integer  x
2x ; x>3 We break the range into two parts –
 2 
f  x = x ; 1 < x  3 (a) x0
3x ; x1
4
 [x] = – 1
Then f(–1) + f(2) + f(4) is Then, f(x) = sin (–1) = –sin1 {∵sin(–) = –
(a) 9 (b) 14 sin}
(c) 5 (d) 10 (b) 0 < x < /4
Karnataka CET 2018  [ x] = 0
Ans. (a) : Given, Then, f(x) = sin 0 = 0
f:RR So, the range of f(x) becomes { 0, – sin1}.
2x; x 3 147. Which one of the following is not correct for

f  x   x2; 1  x  3 the features of exponential function given by
3x;  f(x) = bx where b > 1?
 x 1
Then, f(–1) + f (2) + f(4) = 3×(–1) + 22 + 2 × 4 (a) For very large negative values of x, the
= 3 × –1+ 4 + 8 function is very close to 0.
= –3 + 4 + 8 (b) The domain of the function is R, the set of
=1+8 real numbers.
=9 (c) The point (1, 0) is always on the graph of the
145. The set A has 4 elements and the set B has 5 function.
elements then the number of injective (d) The range of the function is the set of all
mappings that can be defined from A to B is positive real numbers.
(a) 144 (b) 72 Karnataka CET 2014
x
(c) 60 (d) 120 Ans. (c) :Given, f(x) = b ,
Karnataka CET 2016 Where b > 1
Ans. (d) : Given, Find one the following is not correct for the features of
exponential function.
The set A has 4 elements and the set B has 5 elements.
Then, f(x) = bx

31
Put the point (1, 0)
 y = bx
 0 = b1,
 b > 1  b1  0
So, the point (1, 0) is always on the graph of the
function. m > n  Total number of function A  B = mn
f  3. 8  - f  4  = 42
148. If f(x) = 2x2, find
3.8 - 4 = 16
(a) 156 (b) 0.156 Number of subjections = Total no. of function – n
(c) 1.56 (d) 15.6 = 16 – 2
= 14
Karnataka CET-2015
2 151. The function f : R  R defined by
Ans. (d) : Given, f(x) = 2x
f(x) = (x – 1) (x – 2)(x – 3) is
f (3.8)  f (4)
Then find ? (a) one-one but not onto
(3.8  4)
(b) onto but not one-one
f  3.8  f  4 2   3.8  42  2
2
(c) both one-one and onto
So, 
3.8  4 3.8  4 (d) neither one-one nor onto
VITEEE-2012
2  3.8   42 
2

   Ans. (b) : f  x    x  1 x  2  x  3

 3.8  4 
 f 1  f  2   f  3  0
2  42  (3.8) 2 
  f(x) is not one-one.
  4  3.8  For each y  R, there exists x  R such that
2  4  3.8  4  3.8  f(x) = y.
 
 4  3.8 f is onto.
Note that if a continuous function has more than one
= 2 × 7. 8 roots, then the function is always many-one.
= 15.6 152. If F is function such that F (0) = 2, F (1) = 3,
149. If f(x)= cos (loge x), then F (x+2) = 2F (x) – F (x+1) for x  0, then F (5) is
1 y  equal to
f(x)f(y) – f   + f(xy) has the value
2 x  (a) –7 (b) –3
(c) 17 (d) 13
(a) 1 (b) 1/2
VITEEE-2010
(c) –2 (d) 0
COMEDK-2019 Ans. (d) : F  x  2   2F  x   F  x  1 ...(i)
 y  y Putting x = 0, we get
Ans. (d) : f(x)=cos (logex) , f    cos  log e  ,
x  x F  2  2F  0   F 1
F(xy)=cos (logexy) F  2   2  2   3 F  0   2, F 1  3
1  y 
 f (x)f (y) – f    f (xy)  F  2  4  3  F  2  1
2 x 
Putting x = 1, in eq. (i). we get
1  y 
= cos(logex)cos(logey) – cos  log e   cos(log e xy)  F  3  2 F 1  F  2 
2   x 
=cos (logex) cos (logey) – cos (logey)cos (logex)=0 F(3)  2  3  1 F 1  3,F  2   1
150. The number of surjective functions from A to B F (3) = 5
where A= {1,2,3,4} and B = {a, b} is Putting x = 2, in eq. (i), we get
(a) 14 (b) 12 F  4   2F  2   F 3
(c) 2 (d) 15
VITEEE-2016 F(4)  2 1  5  F  2   1, F 3  5
Ans. (a) : If A and B are two sets having m and n F (4) = –3
elements such that Putting x = 3, in eq. (i), we get

32
.

F  5  2F  3  F(4) 155. The mean value of the function f  x  =

2
on
x
e +1
F(5)  2  5  3 F  3  5,F  4   3 the interval [0, 2] is
F(5) = 13  2   2 
(a) 2  log e  2  (b) 2  log e  2 
153. Let f be an odd function defined on the real  e 1  e 1 
number such that f(x) = 3 sin x + 4 cos x, for x   2   2 
0 then f(x) for x < 0 is (c) 2  log e  2  (d) 2  log e  2 
(a) –3 sin x + 4 cos x (b) –3 sin x – 4 cos x  e 1   e 1 
(c) 3sin x + 4 cos x (d) 3 sin x – 4 cos x UPSEE-2017
UPSEE-2017 2
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = on the interval [ 0, 2] .
Ans. (d) : Given, f be an odd function defined on the e 1 x

real number such that f(x) = 3 sin x + 4 cos x for x  0. Then, by mean value of the function
1 b
f x
Then, f (x) = 3sin x + 4 cos x
b  a a
M
since, f is odd function.
Then, f (–x) = –f(x), x  0 1 2 2
2  0 0 ex  1
 M dx
f(–x) = 3 sin (–x) + 4 cos (–x)
f(–x) = – 3 sin x + 4 cos x 1 2 1
f(–x) = – (3 sin x – 4 cos x) M   2 x dx
2 0 e 1
So, comparing f(–x) = –f(x) 2 1
–f(x) = – ( 3 sin x – 4 cos x) M x dx
0 e 1
Hence, for odd function f (x) for x < 0 is 3 sin x – 4 cos x
2 e
x. M   x dx
154. The interval in which the function y = x – 2 sin
0 e 1
x : 0  x  2 increases throughout is Let e–x + 1 = t
e–x (–1) dx = dt
 5   
(a)  ,2  (b)  O,  e–x dx = – dt
 3   3 1
1
dt
  5    Then, M   e2
(c)  ,  (d)  O,  2 t
3 3   4 2 dt
UPSEE-2017 M 1
1 2 t
e
Ans. (c) : Given, the function, y = x – 2 sin x, 0  x 
Since by changing limit of integration.
2
M  log t 1 1
2
Then, y = x – 2 sin x, 0  x  2 So,
e2
Differentiate both sides w.r.t. x, we get –
 1
dy
 1  2cos x M = log2 – log 1  2 
dx  e 
dy 1
For increasing 0 Since, 1  2 is always positive,
dx e
1–2 cos x = 0  1  e2 
1 = 2 cos x Hence, M = log 2 – log  2 
 e 
1
cos x =  2 
2 M = 2 + log  2 
 5 1 1 e 
 0  x  2 , Then x = , for cos x = .
3 3 2 156. Let P  x  = a0 + a1x2 + a2x4 + a3x6 + .... + anx 2n be
dy     a polynomial in a real variable x with 0 < a0 <
Therefore,  0 for x   , 
dx 3 3  a1 < a2 < … < an. The function P(x) has
(a) neither a maxima nor a minima
dy     5 
And  0 for x  0,    , 2  (b) only one maxima
dx  3  3  (c) both maxima and minima
  5  (d) only one minima
Hence, y = x – 2 sin x increases in interval  ,  .
3 3  UPSEE-2013
Ans. (d) :
33
Given, P(x) = a0 + a1 x2 + a2x4 + a3x6 + .....+ anx2n f  x  h   f (x)
be a polynomial in a real variable x with 0 < a0 < a1 < a2 lim 0
h 0 h
< a3 .......< an.
f '(x) = 0
Then, P' (x) = 2 a1x + 4a 2 x3  6a 3 x 5  ....+ 2nanx2n–1
So, f(x) is constant function.
P'(x) = 2x  a  2a 2 x 2  3a 3 x 3  ...  na n x 2n  2  Now f(0) = 0, Then f (1) = 0
For maxima (minima) P' (x) = 0 159. Let f : R  x  R be a function defined by
 x=0 xm
And P"(x) = 2a1 + 12a2x2 ........... f ( x)  , where m  n. Then
xn
P"(0) = 2a1 > 0 (a) f is one-one onto (b) f is one-one into
So, x = 0 is only one minima. (c) f is many one onto (d) f is many one into
ax  1 UPSEE-2010
157. If the real valued function f (x) = n x is
x (a + 1) Ans. (b) : Given f : R – {x} R be a function defined
even, then n is equal to xm
by f(x) = , Where m  n.
2 xn
(a) 2 (b)
3 Consider x1 and x2 be two elements in the domain R –
1 {x}, Then –
(c) (d) 3 x1  m x 2  m
4 
UPSEE-2013 x1  n x 2  n
a x 1 (x1 – m) (x2 – n) = (x2 – m)(x1 – n)
Ans. (d) : Given, function f(x) = n x is even.
x  a  1  x1x2 – nx1 – mx2 + mn = x1x2 – nx2 – mx1 + mn
(m–n)x1 = (m–n)x2
We know, for even function. x1 = x2
f(–x) = f(x)  f is one-one function.
a x 1
 n
 a x  1 Again, consider y be an element in the co-domain R,
 x   a  1  x  a  1
x then –
n x

f(x) = y
1 a x

 n x
a x
 1 xm
y
 1 x  a  1 x  a  1 xn
n n x

x – m = xy – ny
1 ax  1  a x  x – xy = – ny + m
 n x
 1 x  a  1 x  a  1 x (1– y ) = m – ny
n n x

x (y – 1) = ny – m
(–1)n = –1 ny  m
So, it satisfies n is odd. x
y 1
Hence, n = 3
The above result is not defined for y = 1.
158. If f is a real-valued differentiable function
So, 1R (co-domain) has not pre-image in R – {x}
satisfying | f (x)  f (y) |  x  y  , x, y  R and f Hence, f is not onto.
2

(0) = 0, then f(1) is equal to Then, f is one-one and into.

(a) 2 (b) 1 2x
(c) –1 (d) 0 160. The function f  x  = log 1 + x   is
2+x
UPSEE-2012 increasing on
Ans. (d) : Given, f is a real-valued differentiable (a) (–1, ) (b) (–, 0)
function satisfying |f(x) – f(y)  (x – y)2, x, yR and (c) (–, ) (d) None of these
f(0) = 0.
UPSEE-2009
Since, f is a real value differentiable function
2x
Then, lim f  x  h   f (x)   x  h  x  Ans. (a) : f(x) = log (1 + x) – increasing on –
2

h 0 2x
lim f  x  h   f (x)   h 
2
Then, f'(x) =
1

 2  x  2  2x 1
h 0
1 x 2  x
2

34
.

1 
 4  2x  2x 
 1 x x2 1
f ' x    2 
(a) (b)
    2  x  
1  x 2 2
(c) 1 – x (d) None of these
1 
 4   UPSEE-2009
f ' x    2
1  x    2  x   1 A f x
Ans. (a) : Given,  
1  x  1  x    1  x 2 
2
1  x
 2  x   4 1  x 
2

f ' x  
1  x  2  x 
2
 f(x) = Bx + c (Consider)
4  4x  x 2  4  4x 1 A Bx  c
f ' x   Then,   ...(i)
1  x  2  x 
2
1  x  1  x 2  1  x  1 x2

x2 A 1  x 2    Bx  c 1  x 
f ' x   1

1  x  2  x  1  x  1  x 2  1  x  1  x 2 
2

For increasing function, f ' (x) > 0 1 = A(1 + x2) + (Bx + C) (1 + x)

2
x 1 = A + Ax2 + Bx + Bx2 + C + Cx
 0
 x  1 x  2  1 = Ax2 + Bx2 + Bx + Cx + A + C
2

1= x2(A + B) + x(B + C) + (A + C)
Where, (1 + x) > 0  x > – 1
x (A + B) + x (B + C) + (A + C) = 0x2 + 0x + 1
2
So, f (x) is increasing function on (0, ) for all x > –1.
Comparing both, side –
Hence, f(x) increases in the interval x (–1,0) and (0,
A+B=0 ….(ii)
)  (–1, ).
B+C=0 ….(iii)
 p 1 ….(iv)
x cos   , x  0 A + C = 1
161. If f  x  =  x is differentiable B + 1 – A = 0, C = 1 – A

 0, x=0 B – A = –1
at x = 0, then A–B=1 ….(v)
(a) p < 0 (b) 0 < p < 1 Adding equation (ii) and (v), we get –
(c) p = 1 (d) p > 1 A + B + A – B = 0 +1
UPSEE-2009 2A = 1
 p 1 1
A=
 x cos   , x  0 2
Ans. (d) : Given, f(x)  x ,
 Putting the value of A in equation (v), we get –
 0, x0
1
Is differentiable at x = 0. +B=1
2
f  0  h   f  0
Then, L f '  0   lim 1
h 0 h B=–
2
1
 h  cos  0
p
1
L f '  0   lim h And C=
2
h 0 h
Put the value A = C = 1/2 and B = –1/2 in equation (i),
1
L f '  0   lim  h  cos  0
p 1
we get –
h 0 h
1 1
f  0  h   f 0 1 A
 x
and, Rf '(0) = lim   2 2
h 0 h 1  x  1  x 2  1  x  1  x 2
1
Rf'(0) = lim h p 1 cos  0 1 1 1 x  1
h 0 h  
So, f(x) is differentiable at x = 0 is x > 1. 1  x  1  x  2 1  x  2 1  x 2 
2

162. If a real valued function f of a real variable x is 1 1 1  x 

f  x  
such that
1
=
A
+ then f(x) 1  x  1  x  2 1  x  2 1  x 2 
2

(1 + x)(1 + x2 ) 1 + x 1 + x2
is equal to

35
 1 x 
So, f  x  
1
 x sin , x  0
2 Ans. (c) : Given, f  x   x

 k, x0
 1   2 
x
4
163. If f  x  = x , then f  + f  +
4 +2  97   97  is continuous at x = 0;
1
 96 
. ... + f   is equal to Then, lim f  0  h   lim  0  h  sin
 97 
h 0 h 0 0  h
–
= 0 = f(0 )
(a) 1 (b) 48
1
(c) –48 (d) –1 And lim f  0  h   lim  0  h  sin
h 0 h 0 0h
UPSEE-2009 –
= 0 = f(0 )
4x
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = x 1
4 2 And f (0) = 0. sin  0  k(given)
0
 1   2   96  + –
Then, f    f    ........  f   = ? So, f(0) = f (0 ) = f(0 )=0=k=0
 97   97   97  Hence, the value of k will be 0.
Now, first find – 165. The minimum value of
4x 41x π
f(x) + f(1–x) = x  f  x  = sin4 x + cos4 x, 0  x  is:
4  2 41x  2 2
4 1 1
(a) (b)
4x 4 x
2 2 4
 x 
4 2 4 2 –1 1
4x (c) (d)
2 2
4x 4 UPSEE-2005
 
4  2 4  2  4 x
x

Ans. (d) : Given, f(x) = sin4 x + cos4x, 0  x 
4x 2 2
  f(x) = (sin2x)2 + (cos2x)2
4  2 4x  2
x
f(x) = [ sin2x + cos2x]2 – 2 sin2x cos2x
4x  2 f(x) = 1– 2sin2 x cos2x
 x
4 2
 2sin x cos x 
2

f(x) + f(1–x) = 1 f(x) = 1 

2
 1   96   1   1 
Thus, f    f    f    f 1   = 1 sin 2 2x
 97   97   97   97  f(x) = 1 
2
Since, f(x) + f(1–x) = 1
Similarly –  sin 2  2x  
f(x) = 1   
 2   95   2   2  2 
f    f    f    f 1    1
 97   97   97   97  Since, sin2x = 2 sin x. cos x
 1   2   96  We know, the range of sin x is [–1, 1]
So, f    f    ....  f    48 1  48 Then the range of sin2 (2x) is [0, 1]
   
97 97  97 
 0  sin2 (2x)  1
 There will be total 48 such groups whose sum will This is also written as –
be 1. 0  – sin2 (2x)  – 1
 1 sin 2  2x  1
xsin , x  0 0   
164. If f  x  =  x is continuous at x = 2 2

 k, x=0
1 + 0  1
sin 2
 1
2x
0, then the value of k will be 2 2
(a) 1 (b) –1 sin  2x  1
2

1  1– 
(c) 0 (d) None of these 2 2
UPSEE-2009 1
So, the minimum value of the function is .
2

36
.
166. The number of reflexive relations of a set with 170. If the period to the function
four elements is equal to: sin  sin  nx  
(a) 216 (b) 212 f  x  ,n N, is 6 , then n is equal to
8 x
(c) 2 (d) 24 tan  
UPSEE-2004 n
Ans. (d) : Given, A set with four element
We know, total number of reflexive relations of a set (a) 3 (b) 2
with n elements = 2n . (c) 1 (d) None of these
So, total number of reflexive relations of a set with 4 JCECE-2016
elements = 24 sin  sin  nx  
= 16. Ans. (a) : Given, function {f(x)} = is 6,
x
167. A set contains 2n+1 elements. The number of tan  
subsets of this set containing more than n n
elements is equal to: Then find n = ?
(a) 2n–1 (b) 2n 2
n+1
We know that, period of sin (sin (nx)) is .
(c) 2 (d) 22n n
UPSEE-2004 x 
And period of tan   is  n .
Ans. (d) : Given, a set contains (2n+1) element consider n 1
the number of subset be N. n
Then, number of subsets – sin  sin  nx  
= 2n+1C0+ 2n+1C1 + 2n+1C2 + ......+ 2n+1Cn So, period of f(x) =
 N = 22n+1 – N x
tan  
2N = 22n+1 n
22n 1 2
N= is LCM of , n
2 n
2n 1 LCM of 2, n
2 .2 6 =
N= HCL of n,1
2
N = 22n. 2n
6 =
168. If a set A contains 5 elements, then the total 1
number of injective functions from A onto itself  2n = 6
is Hence, n = 3
(a) 55 (b) 25 1 x
(c) 5 2
(d) 5! 171. If f(x) = , x  0, – 1 andα =f(f(x)) + f(f(1/x)) ,
1+ x
JCECE-2019 then
Ans. (d): An injective function from A onto itself is a (a)  > 2 (b)  < –2
permutation
(c) || > 2 (d)  = 2
The no of permutation is 5
JCECE-2015
169. If a = b (mod m) and x is an integer, then which
1 x
of the following is incorrect? Ans. (c) : Given, f(x) = , x  0, 1
1 x
(a)  a  x    b  x  mod m 
  1 
(b)  a  x    b  x  mod m And,  = f  f  x    f  f   
  x 
(c) ax  bx  mod m   1 x 
Then, f{f(x)} = f  
(d)  a  x    b  x  mod m 1 x 
JCECE-2017 1 x
1–
Ans. (d) : Given, a = b (mod m) and x is an integer. f{f(x)} = f f  x   1 x
Then, (a + x) = (b + x) (mod m) 1 x
1
(a – x) = (b – x) ( mod m) 1 x
1  x 1  x
f f  x  
ax = bx(mod m)
All are the properties of congruence. 1 x 1 x
But, (a  x)  (b  x) (mod m) is not the properties of
congruence.
37
  π
f f  x   173. If f : 0,   0, ∞ be a function defined by
2x

→
2  2
f  f  x   x x
y = sin   then f is
1 2
1
1 x (a) Injective (b) surjective
And, f    (c) bijective (d) None of these
 x  1 1
x JCECE-2013
x 1 x
 Ans. (d) : Given, y = sin  
x 1 2
x 1  
  1 
1 And, f : 0,    0,  
 f f     x 1  2
  x  1  x  1 
x 1 Then, 0x
2
  1  x  1  x  1 x 
f f     0 
  x  x  1  x  1 2 4
  1  2 1 x 
f f     sin 0  sin  sin
  x   2x x 2 4
x 1
  1  0  sin 
Now,  = f f  x   f    2 2
  x 
 1 
= x
1   0,   0,  
x  2
1 So, the function is an injective but is not surjective as
 || = x   2 
x for 0  x  .
2
Hence, ||  2.
x
172. The function f : R R defined as Where sin gives unique image
2
f(x) = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) is
(a) one-one but not onto 174. If the function f(x) is defined by f(x) = a + bx
(b) onto but not-one-one and f r =fff... (repeated r times), then
(c) both one-one and onto d
(d) neither one-one nor onto { f r (x)} is equal to
dx
JCECE-2014
(a) a + br x (b) ar + br x
Ans. (b) : Given, function f : R  R
(c) ar (d) br
f(x) = (x–1)(x–2)(x–3)
Then, check onto and one-one. JCECE-2013
(a) one-one : Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = a + bx
f(1) = (1 – 1) (1 – 2) (1 – 3) = 0 And f r = fff ..... (repeated r times)
f(2) = (2 – 1) (2 – 2) (2 – 3) = 0
f(3) = (3 – 1) (3 – 1) (3 – 3) = 0 Then,
d r
dx
f  x   ?
Then, f(1) = f(2) = f(3) = 0
Now, f(f(x) = a + b(a + bx)
Here, 1, 2, 3 has same image 0.
So, f is not one-one. = a + ab + b2 x
(b) onto : f(f(x)) = a (1+ b) + b2x
y = f(x) And, f [f{f(x)}] = f [{a (1 + b) + b2x}]
y = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) = a + b {a(1+ b) + b2x}
 yR (Because y be an element in the co-domain R) = a + ab ( 1+ b) + b3x
= a (1 + b + b2) + b3x.
Then, x  RSo, f is onto.
Hence, function f(x) = (x–1) (x –2) (x –3) is onto but So, f (x) = a ( 1+ b + b2 + .....+ br–1) + brx.
r

not one-one.  br  1 r
fr(x) = a  b x
 b 1 
Where, (1 + b + b2 + ....... br–1) is in G.P.

38
.

f  x   br .
x
d r 1
Hence, log y = log  
dr x

175. The function f  x  = log x + x2 + 1 is:  log y = x log  
1
x
(a) even function
Differentiable both side, w.r.t. x, we get –
(b) odd function
1 dy 1 1 1
(c) neither even nor odd  x. . 2  log   .1
y dx 1 x x
(d) periodic function x
BCECE(Engg.)-2008 1 dy 1 1
BCECE-2006  x 2   2  log   .1
y dx x x
JCECE-2004

 
1 dy 1
Ans. (b) : Given, f  x  = log x + x 2 +1  1  log
y dx x
Then check function is – dy  1
 y  1  log 
 x
f  x  = log  x + +1 
dx
 x  2
  dy  1  
x
1
 1 x  x
    1  log 
f  x  = log 2 dx  x   x
dy
We know, for maximum value, 0
f   x  = log  1  x  x  

 1 x2  x 
 dx
2
 x

 1 x  x 
2
 1  1
0     0  1  log 
 x  x
 1  x  x   
2 2
f   x  = log    1
 log e  1
 1  x  x  

2
 x

   1
f   x  = log 
1
   e1
 x
 1  x  x  

2

1
f  x  = log1  log  1  x  x 2
x
e
1
f  x  = 0  log x  1  x  2 Putting the value of x  in equation (i), we get –
e

f  x  =  log x  1  x 
1
 1 e 1
f(x)    = ee .
2

 1/ e 
f (–x) = – f(x)
1+ x   2x 
 
So, f(x) = log x  1  x 2 is an odd function.
177. If f  x  = log 
1 x 
 , then f   will be
 1  x2 
x
equal to:
1
176. If f  x  =   , then the maximum value of f(x) (a) 2f(x2) (b) f(x2)
x (c) 2f(2x) (d) 2f(x)
is: JCECE-2004
(a) e (b) (e)1/e
Ans. (d) : Given,
e
1  1 x 
(c)   (d) none of these f  x   log  
e  1 x 
JCECE-2004
 2x 
 1 2 
 
x
 
1 2x
 log  1  x 
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) =   …(i) Then, f  2 
x  1 x   1 2x 
x  1 x2 
 
1
Then, Let y =    2x   1  x 2  2x 
x f 2 
 log  
 1 x   1  x  2x 
2
Taking log both sides, we get –

39
 2 2
 1  x  
 2
 2x   But and have no common multiple.
f 2 
 log  2  5
 1  x  
 5
 1 x   
So, f(x) = 2 cos 5x  3sin 5x is not periodic
2
 2x   1  x 
 
 function.
f 2 
 log  
  1  x 
  180. If a, b, c are positive real numbers, then
1 x  
 1 1 1
 1  x     
 2x   log ab abc log bcabc logcaabc
f 2 
 2 log  
 1  x  
 1  x   (a) 0 (b) 1
 2x  (c) 2 (d) 3
f 2 
 2 f x BCECE-2017
 1 x 
Ans. (c) : Given,
178. The value of [sin x] + [1 + sin x] + [2 + sin x] in
a, b, c are + ve real number,
 3π 
x   π,  can be ([.] is the greatest integer 1 1 1
 2 Then,  
log ab abc log bcabc log caabc
function) can be
1 1 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 =  
(c) 2 (d) 3 log abc log abc log abc
BCECE-2018 log ab log bc log ca
Ans. (a) : Given, log ab log bc log ca
=  
 3  log abc log abc log abc
x   , 
 2  log ab  log bc  log ca
=
Then, the value of [sin x] + [1 + sin x] + [2 + sin x] = ? log abc
log  ab  bc  ca 
.
Where, [ ] is the greatest integer function.
 =
 3  log abc
Then, from x   ,  -
 2
log  a 2 b 2 c2 
– 1  sin x  0 =
log abc
So, [1+ sin x] = 0 and [ sin x] = –1
log  abc 
2
Hence,
=
[sin x] + [1+ sin x] + [2 + sin x] = –1 + 0 + 2 + [sin x] log  abc 
=–1+0+2–1
2log  abc 
=–2+2 =
[sin x] + [1 + sin x] + [2 + sin x] = 0 log  abc 

 
179. The function f x = 2cos 5x + 3sin 5x is =2
181. If f(x)= a log x + bx2 + x has its extremun
(a) a periodic function with period 2
2π values at x= –1 and x=2, then
(b) a periodic function with period (a) a=2, b= –1 (b) a=2 ,b=–1/2
5
1
2π (c) a=–2 b  (d) None of these
(c) a periodic function with period 2
5 BCECE-2017
(d) not a periodic function Ans. (b) : Given,
BCECE-2018 f(x) = a log |x| + bx2 + x
Ans. (d) : Given, x 1
Then, f'(x) = a.   2bx  1
f(x) = 2cos5x + 3 sin 5x x x
Differentiate both side –
a
f'(x) = –2 sin5x × 5x + 3 cos 5x × 5 f' (x) =  2bx  1
x
f' (x) = –10 sin 5x + 3 5 cos 5x dy a
  2bx  1
Then, 2 cos 5x, 3sin 5x are periodic function with dx x
2 2
periods and .
5 5
40
.

dy a So, f() = 4 + 4 sin3 – 3sin is periodic with period

Now,   2b  1  1
dx x 1 1 2
.
3
dy
 a  2b  1 183. In the interval (–3, 3) the function
dx x 1
x 3
f  x  = + , x  0 is
dy a 3 x
And   2b  2  1
dx x 2 2 (a) increasing
dy a (b) decreasing
  4b  1
dx x 2 2 (c) neither increasing nor decreasing
dy (d) partly increasing and partly decreasing
Since, for extremum 0
dx BCECE (Engg.)-2008
a x 3
Then,  4b  1  0 Ans.(b): Given, the function f(x) =  ,
2 3 x
a in the interval (– 3, 3),
Then,  4b  1  0 and –a – 2b + 1 = 0
2 Then, check for increasing/decreasing function first
a derivate the function w.r.t. x, we get –
 4, b  1 1 3
2 f' (x) =  2
a  2b  1 3 x
a + 8b = –2 ......(a) x2  9
f'(x) =  0, When  3  x  3
a + 2b = 1 .......(b) 3x 2
Equation (a) – Equation (b)  6b = – 3 x 3
So, the function f(x) =  is decreasing in the
3 1 3 x
b 
6 2 interval (–3, 3).
1 (1.g) Inverse of Function and
Then, a + 8 × –  2
2
a – 4 = –2
Binary Operation
a=–2+4 184. If f: R  R is given by f(x) = x3 + 3, then f–1(x)
is equal to
a=2
(a) x1/3 –3 (b) x1/3 + 3
1
So, a = 2, b = (c) (x – 3) (d) (x – 3)1/3
2 SRMJEEE-2009
182. The period of the function () = 4 + 4sin3  –3 Ans. (d) :
sin  is Given function is f : R  R is given by f(x) = x
2  f(x) = x3 + 3
(a) (b)
3 3 y = x3 + 3
 y – 3 = x3
(c) (d) 
2 x = 3 x 3
BCECE-2016 y = (x – 3)1/3
Ans. (a): Given, hence, option (d) is correct.
The function f(0) = 4 + 4 sin3 – 3 sin 3x + 2
Then, f() = 4 + 4 sin3 – 3 sin 185. If f(x) = , then
5x  3
f() = 4 – ( 3sin – 4 sin )
3
(a) f–1(x) = f(x) (b) f–1(x) = –f(x)
f() = 4 – sin3 (c) (fof)(x) = – x (d) f–1(x) = – 1/19f (x)
 2    2   SRMJEEE-2011
And, f      4  sin 3    
 3    3  Ans. (a) :
 2  3x  2
= 4 – sin  3  3.  Given, f(x) =
 3  5x  3
= 4 – sin (3 + 2) 3x  2
Let y = f(x) =
= 4 – sin3 5x  3
3x + 2 = 5xy – 3y
41
 x (5y – 3) = 3y + 2 3y  2
 f 1  y  
3y  2 5y  3
x=
5y  3 3x  2
 f 1  x  
3y  2 3x  2 5y  3
x = f–1(y)=  f–1(x) = = f(x)
5y  3 5x  3 Thus f 1  x   f  x 
 3x  2  f : R  R,g : R  R
2
3 188. If are two functions
 3x  2   5x  3 
Also, (fof)x = f   = defined by f  x  = 2x – 3,g  x  = x3 + 5 then
 5x  3   3x  2 
5 3  fog   x  =
–1
 5x  3 
9x  6  10x  6 19x 1 1
=  x  2x  3  2  x  7 3
15x  10  15x  9 19 (a)   (b)  
 2   2 
hence, option (a) is correct. 1 1
186. Let f : N  Y (N is the set of natural numbers)  x  7 3  x  7 2
(c)   (d)  
defined as f(x) = 4x + 3 where Y = {y  N; y =  2   2 
4x + 3 for some x  N} MHT-CET 20
Then the inverse of f(x) is equal to Ans. (b) :
3y  4 y3 Given f  x   2x  3, g  x   x3  5
(a) g(y) = (b) g(y) = 4 +
3 4
  fog  x   f g  x   f  x 3  5
y3 y3
(c) g(y) = (d) g(y) =
4 4  2  x 3  5  3  2x 3  7
SRMJEEE-2016
y7
Ans. (d) : Let y 2x 3  7   x3
2
Given, f(x) = 4x + 3 1
 y7  y  7 3
  x  f  y  
f(x) = y = 4x + 3 1
 
4x = y – 3  2   2 
y3 1
x=  x  7 3
 fog   x   
1
4 
y3  2 
 g(y) = x = 189. In the group G = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} under addition
4
modulo 6,(2 + 3–1 + 4)–1 =
y3
Hence, inverse of f(x) = g(y) = (a) zero (b) 2
4 (c) 3 (d) 5
3x + 2 3
187. If f  x  = , x  R –   , then Ans. (c) : Given, group G = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} under
5x – 3 5  addition modulo 6.
(a) f  x   f  x 
1 Then, (2 + 3–1 + 4)–1 = (2 + 3 + 4)–1
= (9)–1
(b) f f  x   x = (3)–1
(c) f 1  x   f  x  =3
190. If Q is the set of all relations other than 1 with
(d) f 1  x  does not exit
1
the binary operation defined by a * b = a + b –
MHT-CET 20 ab for all a, b, in Q1, then the identify in Q1
Ans. (c) : with respect to * is :
3x  2 (a) 1 (b) 0
Let y  f x  (c) –1 (d) 2
5x  3
Ans. (b) : Given, Q1 is the set of all relations other than
 y  5x  3  3x  2  5xy  3y  3x  2 1 with binary operation defined by a * b = a + b – ab for
  5y  3 x  3y  2 all a, b in Q1 .
Then, consider b be an identity.
3y  2
x Now, a * b = a
5y  3
a + b – ab = a
42
.

b – ab = 0 Then, g(x) = ?
b(1– a) = 0 Consider f(x) = y
b = 0 and 1 – a = 0 Now, y = 10 x – 7
b = 0 and a = 1 y + 7 = 10 x
Since, all relations other than 1 so, b = 0. y7
x
Hence, b = 0 is the identities element. 10
191. Which of the following is the inverse of the x7
 f 1  x  
proposition : If a number is a prime then it is 10
odd? x7
(a) If a number is not a prime then it is odd So, g(x) 
10
(b) If a number is not a prime then it is not odd
(c) If a number is not odd then it is not a prime 194. If A = {x| x N, x < 5}, B = {x| x Z, x2 –5x + 6
(d) If a number is odd then it is a prime = 0}, then the number of onto functions from A
to B is
Ans. (b) : Given, statement is " if a number is a prime
then it is odd" (a) 2 (b) 30
Consider, (c) 23 (d) 32
a = A number is prime and Karnataka CET 2019
b = it, is odd. Ans. (b) : Given, A = {x | xN, x  5}
Then, from statement a  b B = {x | xZ, x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}
But we obtain the inverse of the given statement that is Then, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
na  vb and, B = {(x – 2) (x – 3) = 0  x = 2, 3}
Where,  a means "A number is not prime" and  b  B = {2, 3}
means "its is not hot".
So, the number of onto functions from A to B is –
So, the inverse statement " if a number is not prime then
= 25 – 2
it is not odd".
= 32 – 2
192. The identity element for the binary operation *
= 30
ab
defined by a * b = , a, b  Q0 (the set of all
195. Let f : R  R be defined by f(x) = x4, then
2
non-zero rational number) is : (a) f is one-one but not onto
(a) 1 (b) zero (b) f is neither one-one nor onto
(c) 2 (d) none of these (c) f is one-one and onto
Ans. (c) : Given, the identity element for the binary (d) f may be one-one and onto
ab Karnataka CET 2017
operation * defined by a * b = , a, bQ0
2 Ans. (b) : Given,
Where, Q0 = the set of all non - zero rational number. f : R  R be defined by f(x) = x4
Then, consider e be the identity elements for * . Let a, bR such that f(a) = f(b)
ae  a4 = b 4
Now, a * e 
2  a=b
Since, a * e = e * a = a Then, f(x1) = f(x2) does not implies that x1 = x2
ae So, it is not one-one function.
 a
2 And , Let an element 3 in co-domain R.
 e = 2. Then, there does not contain any x in domain R such
193. f : R  R is a function defined by f(x) = 10x – that f(x) = 3
7. If g = f–1 then g(x) = So, it is not onto.
1 1 Hence, function f(x) = x4 is neither one-one nor onto.
(a) (b)
10x –7 10x  7 196. Let f : N  N defined by
x7 x–7 n + 1
(c) (d)  if n is odd
10 10  2
f(n) =  then f is
Ans. (c) : Given, n if n is even
f(x), = 10 x – 7 
2
and, g(x) = f–1 (x) (a) onto but not one-one

43
 (b) one-one and onto n
 , n is even
(c) neither one-one nor onto f n  =  2 then f is
(d) one-one but not onto 
 0, n is odd
Karnataka CET 2014 (a)surjective but not injective
Ans. (a) : Given, (b)bijective
f : N  N defined by - (c)injective but not surjective
n 1 (d)neither injective nor surjective
 2 , if n is odd
f(n) =  Karnataka CET 2009
 n, if n is even Ans. (a) : Given,
 2 Z = Set of integers
For all nN, And f : Z  Z as
11 n
Then, f 1  1  , n is even
2 f(n) =  2
2  0, n is odd
and f  2    1
2 2
So, f(1) = f(2), where 1, 2N but 1  2 Then, f(2) = 1
2
Then, it is not one-one.
And f(1) = 0
Let a natural number (n) in co-domain of N.
So, f (2)  f(1) and 1  2
Then, condition (a) :- n is odd.
Then, f is not one-one function or f is not injective
Now, n = 2x + 1, xN function.
Then,  4x + 1N, such that And, for every even values of n, we get a set of integers
4x + 1 + 1 Z = (– , ).
f(4x + 1) =  2x  1
2 Then, f is onto or surjective.
Condition (b) :- n is even. So, function f is surjective onto but not injective (one-
Now, n = 2x, xN one) .
Then,  4x N, such that 199. The function f : X  Y defined by f (x) = sin x
4x
f(4, x) =  2x is one-one but not onto if X and Y are
2 respectively equal to
So, f is an onto function. (a) R and R (b) [0, ] and [0, 1]
Hence, f is onto but not one-one.
     
197. Let f : R  R be defined by (c) 0,  and  1, 1 (d)  ,  and  1, 1
 2  2 2
1
f  x  = x  R, then f is ______________ . Karnataka CET 2006
x
Ans. (d) : Given, the function f : X  Y defined by f(x)
(a) onto (b) not defined
= sin x is one-one but not onto.
(c) one-one (d) bijective
Then, in f : X  Y
Karnataka CET-2015 X = domain and Y = Co-domain (Range)
Ans. (b) : Given, Now, f(x) = sin x graphically represented as –
f : R  R be defined by
1
f(x) = , x  R
x
1
Then, f(x) = , is not defined for x = 0.
x
Since the given question, domain is given R but it is not
defined.
1 From the graph, we observe function is one-one in
So, the given function f(x) = is not defined.
x  
interval 0,  but range for given domain
198. On the set of integers Z, define f : Z Z as  2
  
 0,   is  0,1 .
 2
44
.

  Hence, f is one-one into function.

Then, Domain = 0,  and co-domain Y =  1, 1
 2 203. If the function f : (–, )  B defined by
Now, for a unique value of x  a unique value of y, but f(x) = –x2 + 6x – 8 is bijective, then B =
for y in the interval [–1, 0] does not have a pre image . (a) [1, ) (b) (, 1]
So, the function f(x) = sin x is one-one but not onto.
(c) (, ) (d) None of these
 
Hence X and Y are respectively equal to 0,  and BITSAT-2009
 2
Ans. (b) : Since the function f is bijective, therefore f
 1,1 . is onto. Therefore range of f = B.
200. The number of bijective functions from the set Let y  x 2  6x  8
A to itself, if A contains 108 elements is  x 2  6x  (8  y)  0
(a) 108 (b) (108)!
(c) (108)2 (d) 2108 6  36  4(8  y) 6  4  4y
x 
COMEDK 2015 2 2
Ans. (b) : Given, set A contains 108 element. For x to be real, 4  4y  0  y  1
Then, the number of bijective functions from the set A  B = range of F  (, 1]
to A is set of possible total orderings of the elements.
Now, that is to say, the number of permutations of 204. Let f : R  R be a function defined by
elements A is the same as the number of total orderings x–m
f(x) = , where m  n, then
of that set i.e. n! x–n
So, the number of bijection functions from the set A to (a) f is one-one onto (b) f is one-one into
itself is 108 !. (c) f is many-one onto (d) f is many-one into
201. Which of the following is an even function? BITSAT-2014
(a) x 2
(b) x +sin x2
Ans. (b) : Let f : R  R be a function defined by
3
(c) sin x (d) None of these xm
f (x) 
COMEDK 2017 xn
2 2
Ans. (b) : Let f(x) =x +sin x, then f(–x) = f(x). For any (x, y)  R
2 2
Therefore, f(x)=x +sin x is an even function. Let f(x) = f(y)
202. Let f : R – n  R be a function defined by  x  m  y  m  x  y
xn yn
x–m
f x = such that m  n, then  f is one – one
x–n
Let   R such that f(x) = 
(a) f is one one into function
xm
(b) f is one one onto function   (x  n)  x  m
(c) f is many one into function xn
(d) f is many one onto function  x  n  x  m
COMEDK 2020  x  x  n  m
 x(  1)  n  m
x–m
Ans. (a) : Given f(x)= where m  n, n  m
x–n x for   1, x  R
x  R –{n}.  1
So, f is not onto.
Let x1x2  R
x – m x2 – m 205. Let E = {1, 2, 3, 4} and F = {1, 2}. Then the
 f (x1 )  f (x 2 )  1   x1  x 2 number of onto functions from E to F is
x1 – n x 2 – n
(a) 14 (b) 16
 f is one-one. (c) 12 (d) 8
Let   R such that f(x)= BITSAT-2010
x–m m – n Ans. (a) : If set A has m elements and set B has n
   x
x–n 1  elements then number of onto functions from A to B is
X is not defined for   1, also x is not real.
n

 f(x) is not an onto function.

r 1
(1) n r n Cr r m where 1  n  m

If a function is not onto, then it is an into function. Here E = {1, 2, 3, 4}, F = {1, 2}
m = 4, n = 2
45
  No. of onto functions from E to F  f (x  )  sin x  cos x
2
  (1)2r 2 Cr (r) 4  f (x  )  sin x  cos x  f (x) for all x  R
r 1
 f (x  )  f (x) for all x  R
 (1) 2 C1  2 C2 (2)4  2  16  14
So, f(x) is periodic with period .
206. If the expression x – 11x + a and x – 14x + 2a 209. Let x and y be two natural numbers such that
2 2

must have a common factor and x  0, then, xy = 12(x + y) and x  y. Then the total
the common factor is number of pairs (x, y) is
(a) (x – 3) (b) (x – 6) (a) 8 (b) 6
(c) (x – 8) (d) None of these (c) 4 (d) 16
BITSAT-2009 BITSAT-2012
Ans. (c) : Here Let x –  is the common factor then x Ans. (a) : xy  12x  12y  0  (x  12)(y 12)  144
=  is root of the corresponding equation
Now 144 can be factorised into two factors x and y
2  11  a  0 where x  y and the factors are (1, 144), (2, 72), (3,
2  14  2a  0 48), (4, 36), (6, 24), (8, 18), (9, 16), (12, 12).
Subtracting 3  a  0    a / 3 Thus there are eight solutions.
2
a a 210. If f(x) is a function that is odd and even
Hence  11  a  0, a = 0 or a = 24
9 3 simultaneously, then f(3) – f(2) is equal to
since a  0, a  24 (a) 1 (b) -1
(c) 0 (d) None of these
 x 2  11x  24
 the common factor of  2 is BITSAT-2011
 x  14x  48 Ans. (c) : f (x)  0x  R  f (3)  f (2)  0
clearly x – 8 211. If N is set of natural numbers, then under
207. If x is real numbers, then
x
must lie binary operation a  b = a + b,  N,  is
2
x - 5x - 9 (a) quasi-group (b) semi-group
between (c) monoid (d) group
1 1
(a) and 1 (b) 1 and VITEEE-2015
11 11 Ans. (b) : Let a, b be any elements in N  a + bN
1  ab  a  b N
(c) 11 and 1 (d)  and 1
11
 ab N ….(i)
BITSAT-2017
x a  b  c  a  b  c  a  b  c
Ans. (d) : Let y 
x  5x  9
2
Also, a  a  b  a  a  c  a  b  c
 x 2 y  (5y  1)x  9y  0  a   b  c  a  c  c ….(ii)
for real x, Discriminant a b  a  b  b  a  ba ….(iii)
 b2  4ac  0 (5y  1)2  36y2  0 From (i), (ii) and (iii) we have
 (5y  1  6y)(5y  1  6y)  0 The structure (N,.) satisfies the closure property,
associatively and commutatively but the identity
 (y  1)(11y  1)  0
elements 0 not belong to N.
 (y  1)(11y  1)  0 Hence, (N,.) is a semi-group.
 1  212. Let f: R  R be defined as f(x) = x2+1, find f–
 y , 1 1
(–5).
 11 
(a) {} (b) 
208. The period of the function f(x) = sin x - cos x (c) {5} (d) {–5, 5}
(a)  / 2 (b)  VITEEE-2011
(c) 2 (d) None of these Ans. (b) : Let f-1 (–5) = x. Then f(x) = –5
BITSAT-2016  x 2  1  5  x 2  6  x   6
Ans. (b) : We have f (x)  sin x  cos x which does not belong to R.
f (x  )  sin(x  )  cos(x  )  f 1  5  

46
.

213. In a group  G,* , then equation x  a = b has a 1

(c) 5 (d)
(a) unique solution b  a 1
5
VITEEE-2007
(b) unique solution a 1  b
Ans. (a) : We know that, let (G, 0) be a group & e be
(c) unique solution a 1  b1 the identity then
(d) many solutions (a * a)–1 = a–1 o a–1
VITEEE-2011 = (a–1)–1 = a = 10
Ans. (a) : x*a  b   x*a   a 1  b*a 1 217. Let A = (u, v, w, z) and B = {3, 5}, then the
 x*  a*a 1   b*a 1
number of relations from A to B is
(a) 256 (b) 1024
 x*e  b*a 1 (c) 512 (d) 64
UPSEE-2017
 x  b*a 1
Ans. (a) : Given, A = {(u, v, w, z)}
214. Let S be set containing n elements. Then, B = {3, 5}
number of binary operations on S is Then, number of elements in A = 4 = (m)
2
(a) nn (b) 2n And number of elements in B = 2 = (n)
2
(c) n n (d) n 2 So, the number of relations from
VITEEE-2010 A to B is 2m × n = 22 × 4 = 28 = 256
Ans. (c) : The number of binary operations on a set S 10 x  10 x
218. Inverse of funciton f(x) = is
10 x  10 x
2
having n elements in n n .
1  1 x 
215. Let S be a finite set containing n elements. (a) log10  2  x  (b) log10  
Then the total number of commutative binary 2  1 x 
operation on S is 1 1  2x 
 n  n 1   n  n 1  (c) log10  2 x  1 (d) log10  
(a) n 

2 

(b) n 

2 
 2 4  2 x
 n2   n2  UPSEE-2010
(c) n (d) 2 Ans. (b) : Given,
VITEEE-2008
10x  10 x
Ans. (a) : Let S = {ai } where i = 1.2....n f(x) = x
10  10 x
From commutative operations,
Let, f(x) = y
a i  a j  a j  a i ...(i) i, j  1, 2,3.....n
10x  10 x
where  represents a binary operation Then, y  x
10  10 x
 Number of distinct elements in S  S y × 10x + y × 10–x = 10x – 10–x
i. e., {a i }  {a j } subject to the condition (i) y × 10x – 10x = – 10–x – y × 10–x
i 1,2...n j1,2...n
10x (y – 1) = –10–x (1 + y)
 n{(a1 ,a1 ),(a1 ,a 2 )......(a1 ,a n ), 10x (1 – y) = 10–x (1 + y)
(a 2 ,a 2 ),(a 2 ,a 3 )......(a 2 ,a n ), 10x 1  y

..(a n 1 ,a n 1 ),(a n 1 ,a n ),(a n ,a n ) 10 x 1  y
n  n  1 1 y
 n   n  1   n  2   ....  2  1  102x =
2 1 y
 No. of commutative binary operations Taking both side log10, we get -
= No. of functions f: S  S  S subject to (i) 1 y
log10 102x  log
n  n  1 n  n 1
1 y
 n.n.n.... times  n 2
2 1 y
2x  log10 10  log
216. If (G,*) is a group and the order of an element 1 y
a  G is 10, then the order of the inverse of a*a 1 y
is 2x = log
1 y
1
(a) 10 (b) 1 1 y
10 x  log
2 1 y

47
 1 1 x 2x  1
So, f–1(x) = log f(x) = ,  x  5
2 1 x x 5
10x  10 x Find f–1 (x) = ?
Hence, inverse of function f(x) = x is Let, f(x) = y
10  10 x
2x  1
1  1 x  y
log10   . x 5
2  1 x  xy + 5y = 2x –1
 xx – x-x  xy – 2x = –1 – 5y
219. If f  x  = cot -1   , then f' (1) is equal to
 2  x(y – 2) = – (1 + 5y)
(a) –1 (b) 1 x (2 – y) = (1 + 5y)
(d) –log 2 1  5y
(c) log 2 x
UPSEE -2008 2y
Ans. (a) : Given, 1  5x
So, f–1(x) = ,x2
 x x
 x x
 2x
f(x) = cot–1   5x  1
 2  Also written as f–1(x) = , x2
x –x 2x
Firstly differentiate the x and x .
Let, xx = u and x–x = v x+2
221. If y = f (x) = , then :
Taking both side log, we get – x –1
log u = x log x and log v = – x log x (a) x = f (y)
Then, differentiate – (b) f (1) = 3
1 du 1 (c) y increases with x for x < 1
 x.  log x (d) f is a rational function of x
u dx x
UPSEE-2005
1 dv 1
and,  x.  log x Ans. (a) : Given,
v dx x
x2
du dv
 u 1  log x  and  v  1  log x 
y = f(x) =
 x 1
dx dx
x2
du dv Then, y 
 x x 1  log x  and  x  x 1  log x  x 1
dx dx
yx – y=x+2
1 d  x x  xx  yx – x =y+2
So, f'(x) = 2  
 x x  x  x  dx  2  x(y – 1) = y + 2
1  
 2  y2
x
4 1  x y 1
f'(x) = 2x  x  x x
 1  log x  
x  x  4  2 2 
2x  
 y2
f–1(y) =
4 y 1
1  x 
f'(x) = 2x
x  x 2x  2  2 
 x  x x
 1  log x  
  So, x = f(y).
222. If A={1,2}, then the number of binary
2
Hence, f'(1) =  21  log1 operations defined on A is
11 2  (a) 4 (b) 16
4 (c) 1 (d) None of these
f' (1) =
4 JCECE-2019
f' (1) = –1 Ans. (b):
2x – 1
220. If f(x) =  x  –5  , then f–1 (x) is equal to: Given, A{1,2}
x+5  A (s) = 2
x 5 1 5x  1 We know that, the total number of binary operation of
(a) ,x  (b) ,x  2
2x –1 2 2–x
2
set s containing n element= n n
x –5 1 5x –1 Total no of binary operation s containing 2
(c) ,x  (d) ,x  2
2x  1 2 2–x 2
element= 22 = 42 =16
UPSEE-2006
Ans. (b) : Given,

48
.
223. The identity element for the binary operation* 1 x2 1
ab Then, y= x 
defined on Q-{0}as a*b= , a,b  Q – {0}is x x
2 2
yx = x + 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 x2 – yx + 1 = 0
1 y  y2  4
(c) 2 (d)
2 x
2 1
JCECE-2019
y  y2  4
Ans. (c): Let ‘e’ be the identify element, then for a  Q x
– {0} 2
∴ a*e = a x2  4
So, f–1(x) = x 
ae 2
 a  c  2  Q  {0}
2 x  x2  4
224. If f(x) = (4 – (x –7)3), then f–1(x)= Hence, f–1(x) =
2
(a) x Because f defined from [(1, ) ] then negative
(b) 41/3– (x–7) part discarded.
(c) 7+(4–x)1/3
227. The inverse of the function f(x) = log
(d) 7– (4–x)1/3
(x2 + 3x + 1), x [1, 3], assuming it to be an onto
JCECE-2019 function, is
3
Ans. (c): Given that, f(x)={4– (x–7) }
3  5  4e x 3  5  4e x
y=[4–(x–7)3] (a) (b)
2 2
(x–7)3=4–y
x–7=(4–y)1/3 3  5  4e x
(c) (d) None of the above
x=7+(4–y)1/3 2
f-1(x)=7+(4–x)1/3 JCECE-2013
3 2
225. Let f : RR be a function defined by f(x) = x + Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = log(x + 3x + 1), x [(1, 3)]
–1
5. Then, f (x) is Then, Let y = f(x)
(a) (x  5)1/ 3 (b) (x  5)1/ 3 y = log (x2 + 3x + 1)
ey = x3 + 3x + 1
(c) (5  x)1/ 3 (d) (5  x)
x2 + 3x + 1 – ey = 0
JCECE-2018 x2 + 3x + (1–ey) = 0
Ans. (b) : Given, f : R  R be a function defined by
f(x) = x3 + 5. 3  32  4 1 1  e y 
x
Then, Let f(x) = y  x = f–1(y). 2 1
y = x3 + 5 3  9  4  4e y
x3 = y – 5 x=
2
x = (y – 5)1/3
–1
So, f (y) is (x – 5) . 1/3 3  5  4e y
x=
225. If f : [1, ) [2, ) is given by 2
1 3  5  4e x
f(x) = x + ,then f–1(x) equals So, f–1(x) =
x 2
x x 42
x 228. If f(x) = [1–(x – 3)4]1/7, and f–1(x),
(a) (b) (a) 3 + (1– x)7/4 (b) 3 + (1– x4)7
2 1 x2 7 1/4
(c) 3 + (1– x ) (d) 3 – (1– x4)1/7
x  x2  4
(c) (d) 1  x 2  4 JCECE-2012
2 Ans. (c) : Given, f(x) = [1– (x–3)4]1/7
JCECE-2015 Then, Let f(x) = y
Ans. (a) : Given, f: [1, ) [2, ) is given by y = [1– (x – 3)4]1/7
1 y7 = 1 – (x – 3)4
f(x) = x 
x (x – 3)4 = 1 – y7
Let, f(x) = y  x  f 1  y  (x – 3) = (1 – y7)1/4
x = (1 – y7)1/4 + 3

49
 x = 3 + (1– y7)1/4 So, f(x) is onto.
x = 3 + (1 – y7)1/4 Hence, f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 36 + 1 is onto but not one-
So, f–1(x) = 3 + (1 – x7)1/4 one.
229. The function f : [0, )  R given by 231. Let f : NN defined by f (x) = x2 + x + 1, xN
x then f if
f  x = is (a) one-one onto
x +1
(b) many-one onto
(a) one-one and onto
(c) one-one but onto
(b) one-one but not onto (d) None of the above
(c) onto but not one-one BCECE-2016
(d) Neither one-one nor onto Ans. (c): Given,
BCECE-2018,2016 f(x) = x2 + x + 1, xN
Ans. (b) : Given, the function f : [ 0, )  R given by Then, f(x1) = f(x2)
x x  1 1 1 x12  x1  1  x 22  x 2  1
f x    1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x12  x1  x 22  x 2
So, f(x) is not contains the value 1.
x1 (1 + x1) = x2 (1 + x2)
Now, then, x  [0, ), it is a one-one function but not
So, x1 = x2
onto function.
f(x) is one-one function.
Because every point in the co-domain is not a value of
But, if f(x)  3, its range of value includes all the natural
f(x).
numbers greater than and equal to 3.
Hence, function f is one-one but not onto
So, clearly f(x) does not assume value 1 and 2.
230. The function f:[0, 3][1, 29] defined by  Function f(x) is not an onto function.
f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 36x +1, is Hence, function f(x) = x2 + x + 1, xN is one-one but,
(a) one-one and onto not onto.
(b) onto but not one one 232. For real x, let f  x   x3  5x  1, then
(c) one-one but not onto
(d) neither one-one nor onto (a) f is one-one but not onto R
BCECE-2017 (b) f is onto R but not one-one
(c) f is one-one and onto R
Ans. (b) : Given, the function f: [0, 3)  [1, 29)
(d) f is neither one-one nor onto R
defined by f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 36x + 1
BCECE-2015
Then, f(x) = 2x3 – 15x2 + 36x + 1, 3
(a) one-one : Ans. (c): Given, for real x, let f(x) = x + 5x +1
For one-one, differentiate the function – Then, consider f(x) = y, yR
f '(x) = 6x2 – 30x + 36 Now, f(x) = y = x3 + 5x + 1 x3 + 5x + 1 – y = 0
Now, f '(x) = 0 It is a polynomial of odd degree.
2
6x – 30x + 36 = 0 They always has at least one-real root.
2
x – 5x + 6 = 0 Since, y co-domain then some x domain
(x – 3) ( x – 2) = 0 So, f(x) = y
 x {2, 3}. Now, f(x) is onto function.
Then, f (x) is increasing for x< 2 or x > 3. Since f is continuous or real number (R), because it is a
Since, f '(x) > 0. polynomial function
f(x) is decreasing for 2 < x < 3. f '(x) = 3x2 + 5 > 0.
Since, f'(x) < 0. Then, f(x) is strictly function.
But f(x) is not strictly increasing or strictly decreasing So, f(x) is one-one.
in the entire domain. Hence, f(x) = x3 + 5x + 1 is one-one and onto R.
Then, f(x) is not one-one. 233. Let f : R  R be a function defined
(b) Onto : x2  8
f  x  2 . by .Then, f is
Since, f(x) is maximum at x = 2 x 2
f(2) = 29 is maximum value of f (a) one-one but not onto
f(0) = 1, f(3) = 28. (b) one-one and onto
We see that, range of f(x) = [1, 29] which is equal to the (c) onto but not one-one
co-domain. (d) neither one-one nor onto
50
.
BCECE-2015 1
236. If f is any function, then f  x  + f  -x   is
Ans. (d): Given, f : R  R be a function defined 2
x2  8 always :
f(x) = 2 (a) odd
x 2
(b) even
(a) One-one:
(c) neither even nor odd
f(x1) = f(x2)
(d) one-one
Where, x1 and x2 be two elements in the domain R.
BCECE-2005
x12  8 x 22  8
Then,  Ans. (b): Given, f is any function.
x12  2 x 22  2
1
And Let g(x) = f  x   f   x  
 1  2   2  1 
x 2
 8 x 2
 2  x 2
 8 x 2
 2 2
We know that –
x1  x 2
2 2
For even, f(–x) = f(x)
x1   x 2 And for odd, f(–x) = – f(x)
Thus, f(x) is not one-one. 1
(b) Onto : Consider f(x) = y Then, g(–x) = f   x   f  x  
2
x2  8 We see that, g(–x) = g(x)
y 2
x 2 Hence, the given function is always even.
y (x2 + 2) = x2 – 8 (1.h) Composition Function
x2y + 2y = x2 – 8
237. Let f: RR, g : RR be two given functions.
2y + 8 = x2 – x2y Such that f is injective and g is surjective, then
2y + 8 = x2(1– y) which of the following is injective?
2y  8 (a) g o f (b) f o g
x2 =
1 y (c) g o g (d) f o f
2y  8 SRM JEEE 2018
x Ans. (d) : Given, f : R  R, g : R  R be two given
1 y
function.
We see that, for y = 1 we cannot define x.
Such that f is injective and g is surjective means –
So, f(x) is not onto.
f is one-one and g is onto.
x2  8 Then, g o f is onto but one-one or many one is not true.
Hence, f(x) = 2 is neither one-one nor onto.
x 2 And, f o g it is one-one and range of g(x) is domain of
234. The number of onto mappings from the set fog, so it is onto.
A = {1, 2 ......., 100} to set B = {1, 2} is : Hence, f o g is injective.
(a) 2100 – 2 (b) 2100 238. Let f : R  R and g : R  R be two functions
(c) 299–2 (d) 299 given by f(x) = 2x – 3, g(x) = x3 + 5. Then (fog)–
1
BCECE-2006 (x) =
 x7  x 7
1/ 3 1/ 3
Ans. (a) : Given, A = {1, 2 ......,100}
B = {1, 2} (a)   (b)  
 2   2 
Then, no. of elements in A = 100
 x2  x 3
1/ 3 1/ 3
And, no. of elements in B = 2 (c)   (d)  
So, number of possible onto mapping is 2100  7   2 
Since, this also contain the number of elements in B SRMJEEE-2013
differently. Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x3 + 5
Hence, the total no of possible onto mapping from the Let, fog(x) = h(x)
set A to set B is 2100 – 2. Now, h(x) = f(x3 + 5) = 2 (x3 + 5) – 3
235. If f : A  B is a bijection, then : = 2x3 + 7
(a) n(A) = n (B) (b) n(A)  n (B) Also, Let h(x) = z  x = h–1(z)
(c) n(A)  n (s) (d) none of these Let, h(x) = 2x3 + 7
BCECE-2005 z7
z = 2x3 +7  x3 =
Ans. (a) : Given, f : A  B is a bijection. 2
Then, n(A) = n(B)
Example - If n(A) = 5, then n(B) is also 5.
51
 (a) 0 (b) 2
 z7  z7
1/ 3 1/ 3

x=    h–1(z) =   (c) 1 (d) 3

 2   2  MHT-CET 20
 x 7
1/ 3
2
Hence,  fog  x =  Ans. (d) : Given, f(x) = 2x + bx + c
1

 2  f(0) = 0 + 0 + c
1 3=c
239. If g (x) = (x2 + x–2) and gof (x) = 2x2 – 5x + 2, f(2) = 8 + 2b + 3
2
then f(x) is equal to ∴ 1 = 8 + 2b + 3
(a) 2x – 3 (b) 2x + 3 2b = – 10
2
(c) 2x + 3x + 1 2
(d) 2x – 3x – 1 b = –5
SRMJEEE-2008 ∴ f(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 3
Ans. (a) : Let, f(x) = 2x – 3 f(1) = 2 – 5 + 3 = 0
1 (fof) (x) = f[f(x)]
Then, g(f(x)) =  2x  3   2x  3  2
2
(fof) (1) = f[f(1)]
2 
f(0) = 0 – 0 + 3 = 3
1
  4x 2  9  12x  2x  3  2 3x + 4 7 7x + 4
2 243. If f  x  = ,x and g  x = ,
2
= 2x – 5x – 2 5x – 7 5 5x – 3
3
Hence, option (a) is correct. x then  g of  3  =
5
240. If g (f(x)) = |sinx| and f(g(x)) = (sin. x ) 2
(a) 3 (b) 3
(a) f(x) = sin2x, g (x) = x 1 1
(b) f(x) = sinx, g (x) = |x| (c) (d) 
3 3
(c) f(x) = x2,g(x) = sin x MHT-CET 20
(d) f(x), g(x) cannot be determined. Ans. (a) : Given,
SRMJEEE-2012 ∴ (gof) (x) = g [f(x)]
Ans. (a) : Given, g  f (x)   sin(x)  3x  4 
 g 
  x   5x  7 
2
f  g(x)   sin
 3x  4 
f (x) = sin2x and g (x) = x
7   4 7  3x  4   4  5x  7  41x
 5x  7 
   x
241. Let f(x) =x 2 and g (x) =2xthen the solution set of  3x  4  5  3x  4   3  5x  7  41
fog(x) = go f(x) is 5    3
 5x  7 
(a) R (b) {0}
∴ (gof) (3) = 3
(c) {0,2} (d) none of these
SRMJEEE-2014 244. If f : R  R.g : R  R defined by
2
Ans. (c) : f (x) = x , g (x) = 2 x f  x  = x – 3x + 4 and g  x  = 2x +1 , then the
2

f og (x) = go f (x) value of x for which f  x  =  fog  x  is

f [g (x)] = g [f (x)]
f (2x) = g [x2] 2 2
(a) 1, (b) 1,
2 3 3
(2x)2 = 2x
2 2
X
22 = 2x
2
(c) 1, (d) 1,
3 3
2x = x2
MHT-CET 20
2x – x2 = 0
Ans. (a) : Given, f(x) = (fog) (x)
x(2 – x) = 0
(fog) (x) = f[g(x)]  f  2x  1   2x  1  3  2x  1  4
2
x = 0, x = 2
{0, 2}  4x 2  4x  1  6x  3  4  4x 2  2x  2
Hence, fog (x) = gof (x) is {o, 2} ∴ x2 – 3x + 4 = 4x2 – 2x + 2
Hence, option (c) is correct.
3x2 + x – 2 = 0  3x2 + 3x – 2x – 2 = 0
242. If f  x  = 2x2 + bx + c, f  0  = 3 and f  2  = 1, 3x(x + 1) – 2(x + 1) = 0
then  f of 1 = (x + 1) (3x – 2) = 0

52
.

2 5  x  3 4  x  3
∴ x = –1, (a) (b)
3 4 5
4x + 7 4  x  3 5  x  3
245. If f  x = , then the value of (c) (d)
7x – 4 5 4
 
f f f  2  = MHT-CET 20
4x
35 2 Ans. (a) : Let, f  x  
3 y
(a) (b) 5
39 3 5y  15
3 39  4x  5y  15  x 
(c) (d) 4
2 35
5y  15 5x  15 5  x  3
MHT-CET 20  f 1  y    f 1  x   
4 4 4
Ans. (c) : Given,
4x  7 248. If f  x  = x2 +1 , then f f  x  =
f x 
7x  4 (a) x 4  x 2  2 (b) x 4  1
8  7 15 3 (c) x 4  2x 2  2 (d) x 4  x 2  2
f  2   
14  4 10 2 MHT-CET 20
 3 Ans. (c) : Given, f  x   x 2  1
 4   7
3 67 13  2
f  f  2  f    
2 f[f(x)] = f(x2 + 1) = (x2 + 1)2 + 1
  2
 2   7  3   4  21  8  13 = x4 + 2x2 + 1 + 1
   
 2  2  = x4 + 2x2 + 2
249. If f  x  = 3x – 2 and g  x  = x2 , then fog  x  =
 
f f f  2   f  2  
3
2 (a) 3x 2  2 (b) 2  3x 2
This problem can also be solved as follows:
(c) 3x  2 (d) 3x 2  2
x  7  4x  7 
f x   f f  x   f   MHT-CET 20
7x  4  7x  4  Ans. (a) : Given,
 4x  7  f  x   3x  6,g  x   x 2
4 7
 4x  7   7x  4 
 f   fox (x) = f(g(x) = f(x)2
 7x  4  7  4x  7   4 fog(x) = 3x2 – 2
 
 7x  4 
250. If f  x  = 3x + 6,g  x  = 4x + k and fog (x) = gof
16x  28  49x  28 65x
  x (x) then k =
28x  49  28x  16 65 (a) 9 (b) 18
4x  7
  
f f f  x   f  x  
7x  4
(c)
1
(d) 9
9
4  2   7 15 3
 
MHT-CET 20
 f f f  x    
 
7 2  4 10 2 Ans. (d) : Given,
f  x   3x  6,g  x   4x  k
246. If f : R  R is given by f  x  = 7x + 8 and
k fog  x   f  g  x    f  4x  k   3 4x  k   6  12x  3k  6
f –1 12  = , then the value of k is
7 gof  x   g  f  x    g  3x  6   4  3x  6   k  12x  24  k
(a) 1 (b) 7
fog(x) = gof (x)
(c) 4 (d) 8
12x + 3k + 6 = 12x + 24 + k
MHT-CET 20 2k = 18
Ans. (c) : We have f  x   7x  8  y …(let) k=9
y 8 12  8 4 251. Let f : R  R be defined by f(x) = 2x + 6 which
 x  f 1 12   k4
7 7 7 is a bijective mapping then f–1 (x) is given by
247. If a function f : R  R is defined by (a)
x
3 (b) 2x + 6
4x 2
f  x = + 3 , then f –1  x  =
5 (c) x – 3 (d) 6x + 2
53
 Karnataka CET 2016 y3
x
Ans. (a) : Given, f : R  R be defined by f(x) = 2x + 6 2
is a bijective mapping mean it is a one-one and onto –1 x 3
Hence, f (x) =
map. 2
So, let f(x) = y 254. If f : R R is defined by f(x) = x3 then f–1(8) =
Then, y = 2x + 6 (a) {2, –2} (b) {2, 2}
y – 6 = 2x (c) {2} (d) {2, 2, 22}
2x = y – 6
Karnataka CET 2008
y6
x Ans. (c) : Given, f : R  R is defined by f(x) = x3 then
2
f–1(8) = ?
y 6
x  Let, f(x) = y
2 2 Then, y = x3
y
x  3 1

2 x  y3
–1 x
Hence, f (x) =  3 . So, f–1(x) = (x)1/3
2 Hence, f–1(8) = (8)1/3 = (23)1/3 = 2
  x  255. If f : R  R is defined by f(x) = |x|, then
252. The domain of f(x) = sin-1  log 2    is
  2  (a) f 1  x   x
1
(a) 0 < x < 1 (b) 0 < x < 4 (b) f 1  x  
(c) 1 < x < 4 (d) 4 < x < 6 |x|
Karnataka CET 2011 (c) the function f 1  x  does not exit
1
Ans. (c) : Given, (d) f 1  x  
 x
 x 
f  x   sin 1  log 2    Karnataka CET 2007
  2 
Ans. (c) : Given, f : R  R defined by
We know, domain of sin 1 x  1  x  1 f(x) = |x|.
 x 
 1   log 2     1 Since, we know that f(x) is many function then inverse
  2  does not exist.
x 1 x Hence, the function f–1(x) does not exist.
1
 2   2 1
   2 256. In Z7 = {0} under multiplication mod, 7, if 2 –1 y
2 2 2
3–1 = 5–1, then y =
 1 x4 (a) 2 (b) 4
  x   (c) 6 (d) None of these
So, the domain of f(x) = sin–1  log 2    is 1  x  4.
  2  COMEDK 2011
–1 Ans. (b) : We know that, Z7 ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
253. If f : R  R is defined by f(x) = 2x + 3, then f
(x) Here, identity element is 1
And inverse of each element is given by,
(a) does not exist because ‘f’ is not surjective
1–1=1, 2–1 =4, 3–1 =5, 4–1= 2, 5–1= 3, 6–1, =6
x 3
(b) is given by  2–1 y3–1  5–1 (given)
2
1 Multiplying by 2 and 3 on left and right respectively
(c) is given by 2 2–1 y 3–1 3=2 5–1 3
2x  3
 y  [2.3.3]mood 7 y  4
(d) does not exist because ‘f’ is not injective
Karnataka CET 2012 257. If f(x) = 3x + 2 , then
Ans. (b) : Given, f : R  R is defined by 5x – 3
–1
f(x) = 2x + 3 (a) f (x) = f(x) (b) f –1(x) = –f(x)
1
So, let f(x) = y (c) f –1(f(x)) = –x (d) f –1(x) = – f (x)
Then, y = 2x + 3 19
2x = y – 3 COMEDK 2011

54
.

3x  2 2x – x 2 – 4
Ans. (a) : We have, f(x) = (c) (d) 1  x 2 – 4
5x – 3 2
3y  2 COMEDK 2014
Let f–1(x) = y, then x = f(y) =
5y – 3 1
Ans. (a) : Let, f(x) = y = x +
5xy – 3x = 3y + 2 x
2  3x or xy = x2 +1 or x2 – xy + 1 = 0
 (5x – 3)y  2  3x  y  Since, x  [0, )
5x – 3
2  3x ∴ D  0  y2 – 4  0  y [2, )
 y  f –1 (x) 
5x – 3 y  y2 – 4
Here, f–1(x) = f(x) x
2
258. If f : C  C is defined by f(x) = x3 and to  is a
cube root to unity, then f–1 (64) = y  y2 – 4 y – y2 – 4
i.e., x  or x 
(a) 4, 4, 42  (b) {4} 2 2
y  y2 – 4
(c) {4,4} (d)   f –1 (y) 
2
COMEDK 2011
y – y2 – 4
Ans. (a) : –1 (y) 
Or f 2
2x – 3 –1  –4 
259. If f(x) = , then f   = Replace y by x
3x + 4  3 
3 x  x2 – 4
(a) zero (b)  f –1 (x) 
4 2
2 x – x2 – 4
(c) – (d) None of these Or f–1(x)=
3 2
COMEDK 2014 261. Consider f : R+  (4, ) given by f(x) = x2 + 4.
2x – 3 If f(x) is invertible, then find the inverse of f(x),
Ans. (d) : Given, f(x)= ]
3x  4 where R+ is the set of all non-negative real
2x – 3 numbers.
Let, f(x) =y= (a) y–4 (b) x4
3x  4
On cross multiplication, we get (c) x–4 (d) y4
3xy + 4xy = 2x – 3 COMEDK-2019
x(3y – 2)  –304y Ans. (c) : Given that,
–3 – 4y f(x) = x2 + 4
x  f –1 (y) 
3y – 2 Let, y = x2 + 4
4 x2 = y – 4
Put, y= – , we get –
3 x y–4
 4 262. Which of the following functions is not
–3 – 4   –  invertible?
 4  3
f –1  –   (a) f:R  R, f(x)=3x+1
 3  4
3   – 2 (b) f:R  [0, ),f (x)  x 2
 3
1
–3 
16 (c) f:R+  R,f (x)  x 3
= 3  7 –
7
–4 – 2 3  (–6) 18 (d) None of these
COMEDK 2018
1
260. If f : [0, }  [2, ) is given by f(x) = x + , Ans. (b) : (a) The function f(x)=3x+1, x  R is
x
One-one and onto  f(x) is invertible.
then f–1(x) equals
(b) The function f(x)=x2, x  R is not one-one because
x  x2 – 4 x f(–4)=f(4)=16
(a) (b)
2 1 x2  f (x) is not invertible.

55
 1 Ans. (a) : Since f is a bijection therefore its inverse
(c) We have, f(x) = , x  R map-ping exists and
x3
Let f(x1) =f(x2) for x1,x2  R+ x 3
y  2x  3  x  2y  3  y 
1 1 2
 3  3  x13 – x 32  0 x 3
x1 x 2  f 1 (x) 
2
 (x1 – x 2 )(x12  x1x 2  x 22 )  0
  2 
 x1  x 2  f is one-one. 266. Let f : – ,  [0, 4] be a function
 3 3 
For onto: Let f(x) = k
defined as f(x) = 3sin x – cos x + 2. Then f–1(x)
1 1 1
 3  k  x 3   x  1/ 3 is given by
x k k
 x2   x2 
1
For k  R  , x  1/ 3  R   f is onto (a) sin 1   (b) sin 1  
k  2  6  2  6
 f(x) is invertible. 2  x2
(c)  cos 1   (d) None of these
263. Let [x] denote the greatest integer  x. If f(x) = 3  2 
[x] and g(x) = [x], then the value of BITSAT-2005
  8    8    2 
f  g    – g  f  –   is Ans. (b) : Given, f :   ,  [0, 4]
  5    5   3 3 
(a) 2 (b) –2 f (x)  3 sin x  cos x  2
(c) 1 (d) –1
 
BITSAT-2020 f (x)  2sin  x    2
Ans. (d) : Given that, f(x) = [x] and g(x) = |x|  6
  8   8  8  x2 
Now, f  g     g       1  (f 1 (x))  sin 1  
  5   5  5  2  6
  8    8  267. Let f : R  R, g : R  R be two functions such
And g  f      g       g(2)  2  2 that f  x  = 2x – 3,g  x  = x3 + 5. the function
  5    5 
(fog)–1(x) is equal to
  8    8 
 f  g     g  f      1  2  1.  x +7
1/ 3
 7
1/ 3

  5    5  (a)   (b)  x  
 2   2
1– x
264. If f(x) = the domain of f–1(x) is  x2
1/ 3
 x 7
1/ 3

1+ x (c)   (d)  
(a) R (b) R – {–1}  7   2 
(c) (,  1) (d) (1, ) VITEEE-2019
BITSAT-2011 Ans. (d) : We have,
Ans. (b) : Let, f(x) = y. f  x   2x  3, g  x   x 3  5

Then,
1 x
y  fog  x  f  x3  5
1 x
 2  x 3  5  3
1 y 1 y
x  f 1 (y)
1 y 1 y  2x 3  7
1 x Let, y   fog  x
Thus, f 1 (x) 
1 x  2x 3  7
Clearly, f–1(x) is defined for 1  x  0
 y7
1/ 3

Hence, domain of f–1(x) is R – {–1} x  

 2 
265. If f : R  R, f(x) = 2x + 3 then f–1(x) =
 x 7
1/ 3
x 3 x3
 fog 
1
(a) (b) x  
2 2  2 
x2 x2
(c) (d)
3 3
BITSAT-2006
56
.

268. For positive integer n, if f (n) = sinn + cosn. x y

So, f 1 (x)  log 2 or x  log 2
f  3 – f 5 1  x 1  y
Then is
f  3 – f  7  270. If g : R  R is a mapping such that g(x) = 9x
f 1 f  3 +4,  x R, then g–1 (7) is
(a) (b) (a) 3 (b) 1/3
f  3 f 1
(c) –3 (d) –1/3
f  3 f  5 UPSEE-2011
(c) (d)
f 5 f 7 Ans. (b) : Given, g : R  R is a mapping
UPSEE-2018 Such that, g(x) = gx + 4, xR
Ans. (a) : Given, f (x) = sin  + cos ,
n n Let, g(x) = y  x = g–1(y).
Where n is positive integer. Then, y = 9x + 4
9x = y – 4
f  3  f  5 sin   cos   sin   cos 
3 3 5 5
Then,   5 y4
f  5  f  7  sin   cos5   sin 7   cos7  x
9
sin 3   sin 5   cos3   cos5  y4
 5 –1
g (y) = x =
sin   sin 7   cos5   cos7  9
sin  1  sin    cos  1  cos  
3 2 3 2
74 3 1
 5 So, g–1(7) =  
sin  1  sin    cos  1  cos  
2 5 2 9 9 3
1
sin 3  cos 2   cos3  sin 2 
 5
271. If 3f  x   f   = loge x4 for x > 0, then f e x is
 x
 
sin  cos 2   cos5  sin 2 
(a) 2x (b) x2
sin 2  cos 2   sin   cos   (c) x (d) None of these

sin 2  cos 2    sin 3   cos   UPSEE-2010
Ans. (c) : Given,

 sin   cos  
1
sin  cos 
3 3
3f(x) – f    log e x 4 , for x  0
x
f 1 1
 Put, x  then –
f  3 x
1  1 
2x 3f    f    log e x
1/ 4
269. The inverse of the function y = is   
x 1/ x 
1 + 2x
 
1
(a) x  log 2
1  1
(b) x  log 2 1   3f    f  x   log e x1/ 4 .....(i)
1  2y x
 y
1
 1   y  3f  x   f    log e x 4 .....(ii)
(c) x  log 2   (d) x  log 2   x
1 y  1 y 
Multiply by 3 in equation (ii), we get –
UPSEE-2017
1
2x 9f  x   3f    3 log e x 4 .......(iii)
Ans. (d) : Given, function f(x) = x
1  2X Add equation (i) & equation (iii), we get –
Let, f(x) = y
8f  x   3loge x 4  loge x1/ 4
2x
y
8f  x   loge x12  ex  loge x8
Then, 1/ 4

1  2x
y  y  2x  2x 8f(x) = 8 loge x
x
2 – y2 = y x f(x) = loge x
2x (1 – y) = y Put, x = ex
y Then, f(e)x = loge ex
2x =
1 y = x loge x
y f(ex) = x
f–1(y) = x = log2
1 y

57
 1  πx  UPSEE-2006
272. Let f  x = – tan   , –1 < x < 1 and
2  2  Ans. (a) : Given,
x
g  x  = 3 + 4x – 4x2 , then dom ( f + g ) is given f x 
x 1
by Then, f o f (x) = f{f(x)}
1  1   x 
(a)  ,1 (b)  , 1 =f 
2   2  
 x  1
 1   1 
(c)   ,1 (d)   ,  1 x
 2   2 
= x 1
UPSEE -2008 x
1
1  x  x 1
Ans. (c) : Given, f(x) =  tan   , 1  x  1 x / x 1
2  2  =
x   x  1
And g(x) = 3  4x  4x 2 x 1
Then, the domain of (f + g) =  (f(x))  (g(x)) x
 3 + 4x – 4x2  0 = x
x  x 1
 4x2 – 4x – 3  0 x
 (2x + 1) (2x – 3)  0 And, f o f o f (x) = f(x) =
x 1
 1 
So, domain (f + g) is x   , 1 So, (f o f o f o f o ....of ) (x) = f(x) =
x
= 19 times.
 2  x 1
273. Let the functions f, g, h are defined from the set 275. If f(x) = (a – xn)1/n, where a > 0 and n  N, then
of real numbers R to R such that fof(x) is equal to:

f  x  = x  1,g  x  = x + 1
2 2
 and (a) a
(c) xn
(b) x
(d) an
0, if x < 0
h  x =  then ho(fog)(x) is defined UPSEE-2004
 x, if x  0 Ans. (b) : Given,
by f(x) = (a – xn)1/n,
2
(a) x (b) x Where a > 0 and nN,
(c) 0 (d) none of these Then f o f (x) = ?
UPSEE-2007 Now, f o f (x) = f{f(x)}
f o f (x) = f{(a – xn)1/n}
Ans. (b) : Given, f(x) = x2 – 1, g(x) = x 2  1 f o f (x) = [{( a – ( a – xn)1/n}n]1/n
 0, if x  0
hx  
1 1/ n
 n 
And
 x, if x  0  
f of  x    a   a  x n n

 

Then, (f o g) (x) = f{g(x)} = f x 2  1   
=  a  a  xn  
1/ n

 
 
2
 x2  1 1 1/ n
= a  a  x n 
2
=x +1–1
= [xn]1/n
fog (x) = x2 1
n
So, ho (fog) (x) = h (x2) = x2 = x n
As x2  0. = x.
 f f ......of  x  is equal 276. Let f x =  sinx, for x  0 andg x =ex .
274. If f  x  =
x
,then 0 0     
x –1 19times 1 – cosx, for x  0
to: Then, (gof)' (0) is :
x  x 
19 (a) 1 (b) –1
(a) (b)   (c) 0 (d) None of these
x –1  x –1 
UPSEE-2004
19x
(c) (d) x Ans. (c) : Given,
x –1

58
.

 sin x, for x  0 1 1

f x    x  2 3  x  7 3
(c)   (d)  
1  cos x, for x  0  7   2 
And, g(x) = ex JCECE-2016
Then, gof(x) = g{f(x)} = g{1– cos x} Ans. (d) : Given,
= e1–cosx, for x  0 f : R  R,
So, (gof)' (x) = e 1–cosx
(0 + sin x), for x  0 g : R  R be two function
(gof)'(x) = e1–cosx sin x And, f(x) = 2x – 3, g(x) = x3 + 5
Hence, (gof)'(0) = e1–cos0. sin 0 Then, fog(x) = f{g(x)}
= eo × 0 fog(x) = f{x3 + 5}
=1×0 fog(x) = 2(x3 + 5) – 3
=0 fog(x) = 2x3 + 10 – 3
277. If f and g are 2 real functions defined as f(x) = fog(x) = 2x3 + 7
x2+3x +1 and g(x) = 2x–1, then g0 f (0)is Let, fog(x) = y
(a) 0 (b) 1 Then, y = 2x3 + 7
(c) –1 (d) 2 y – 7 = 2x3
JCECE-2019 y7
Ans. (b): x3 =
2
f(x) = x2+3x+1
 y7
1/ 3

  f og   y
1
g(x) = 2x–1 x=  
 2 
g. f(0) = 2f(0) –1
 x 7
1/ 3
2[x2+3x+1]x=0 – 1 So, (f o g)–1 (x) =   .
2[0+3×0+1]-1  2 
2[1]-1 280. Let u and v be two odd functions, then the
g  f (0)  1 function uov is
(a) an even function
278. If f   5,2  ,  6,3  ,g   2,5  ,  3,6  are (b) an odd function
2 relations on N then fog is (c) neither even nor odd
(d) a periodic function
(a)  2,2 , 3,3 JCECE-2012
(b) 5,5 ,  6,6 Ans. (b) : Given, u and v be two odd functions.
Since, u = odd functions.
(c) 5,6 ,  6,5 v = odd function.
(d) 5,2 ,  2,5 ,  6,3 , 3,6 Then, uov (–x) = u [v (–x)]
= u [–v (x)] ( v is odd)
JCECE-2018
Ans. (a) : Given, = –u [v (x)] ( u is odd)
f = {(5, 2), (6, 3)} = –uov (x)
And g = {(2, 5) (3, 6)} So, uov is an also odd function.
Then, find fog(x) = ? 281. The solution set of the equation cos–1 x–sin–1
So, fog(x) = f[g(x)] x = sin–1(1–x), is
fog(x) = f [{(2, 5)(3, 6}] (a) {–1,1} (b) {0,1/2}
fog(x) = {(2, 2), ( 3, 3)} (c) {–1,0} (d) None of these
Or, by diagram we see that - BCECE-2017
Ans. (b) : Given, equation,
cos1 (x)  sin 1 (x)  sin 1 (1  x)
–1 –1 
279. Let f : R  R, g : R  R be two functions given We know that, cos  + sin  =
by f(x) = 2x – 3, g(x) = x3 + 5. Then, (fog)–1 (x) is 2
  
equal to cos    sin .
1 1

1 1 2
 x  7 3  7 3 
(a)   (b)  x   Then,  sin 1 x  sin 1 x  sin 1 1  x 
 2   2 2
59
  283. Which of the following functions is inverse of
 2sin 1 x  sin 1 1  x  itself?
2
1 x

 sin 1 x  1  x   2sin 1 x (a) f  x   (b) f(x) = 3logx
2 1 x
cos–1(1–x) = 2sin–1(x) (c) f(x) =3x(x + 1) (d) none of these
BCECE-2006
Let sin–1 x = 
x = sin  Ans. (a) : Given,
Then, cos–1(1 – x) = 2  1 x
f(x) =
1 – x = cos 2  1 x
1 – x = 1 – 2sin2  Let f(x) = y
1 – x = 1 – 2x2 1 x
Then, y 
2x2 – x = 0 1 x
x(2x – 1) = 0 y + yx = ( 1– x)
1 yx + x = (1 – y)
x = 0 and x = x(1 + y) = (1 – y)
2
So, the solution set of the equation, cos–1(x) – sin–1(x) = 1 y
x
1 1 y
sin–1 (1 –x), is {0, }.
2 1 xx 1 y
So, f–1(x) =   f 1 (y)
1 1 x 1 y
282. If f:[1, )  [2, ) is given by f(x) = x + , then
x It is self inverse.
f–1(x) is equal to Hence, option (a) is correct.
x + x2 – 4 x (1.i) Domain, Co-domain and Range
(a) (b) 2
2 1+ x of Function
2
x– x –4 284. The domain of definition of the function
(c) (d) 1+ x – 4
2  5x - x 2 
f  x  = log10   is
BCECE-2010  4 
Ans. (a): Given,
(a) (1, 4) (b) [1, 4]
f : [ 1, ) is given by – (c) (0, 5) (d) [0, 5]
1
f(x) = x  SRMJEEE-2010
x Ans. (b) :
Let f(x) = y,
 5x  x 2 
Then, y  x 
1 f(x) exists only when log10  0
 4 
x 
1 5x  x 2
y  x2  1
x 4
xy = x2 + 1 x2 – 5x + 4  0
x2 – xy + 1 = 0
(x – 1) (x – 4)  0
y  y 2  4  1 1  x  [x , 4]
Then, x
2 1 sin -1  x - 3 
y y 4 2 285. The domain of the function f(x) = is
x 9 - x2
2 (a) [2, 3] (b) [2, 3]
Since, given f is positive from f : [ 1,  )  [ 2, ) (c) [1, 2) (d) [1, 2)
So, SRMJEEE-2015
y  y2  4
x  f 1  y  Ans. (b) :]
2 sin 1 (x  3)
Given, f(x) =
x  x2  4 9  x2
Hence, f–1(x) =
2 f(x) is defined for
 – 1 ≤ x – 3 ≤ 1 and 9 – x2 > 0
60
.

 – 1 + 3 ≤ x ≤ 1 + 3 and 9 > x2 289. Given A = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , B = 1, 4, 5 . If R is a

 2 ≤ x ≤ 4 and –3 < x < 3 relation from A to B such that  x,y   R with
 2≤x<3
x > y , then range of R is
So, Domain of f(x) = [2, 3)
hence, option (b) is correct. (a) 1,4,5 (b) 4,5
286. The domain of the function f  x  = x is (c) 2,4 (d) 1, 4
(a) R  0 (b) R   0 MHT-CET 20
Ans. (d) :
(c) R (d) R 
From given data, we write
MHT-CET 20
R   2,1 ,  3,1 ,  4,1 , 5,1 , 5, 4 
Ans. (b) :
For f  x  to be defined, the term under the square root  range of R is 1, 4
should be greater than or equal to zero. 290. Domain of the real values function
x0 x+2
f x = is
So domain is 0,  i.e.R  0 .

9 – x2
287. The domain and range of the relation R given (a) R (b) R  3
 6 
by R  x, y  /y = x + , x, y  N and x < 6  (c) R  3,3 (d) 3  x  3
 x  MHT-CET 20
(a) Domain = 2,3 , range = 5 Ans. (c) :
(b) Domain = 1, 2 , range = 5,7 x2
f x  is not defined if 9  x 2  0  x  3
9  x2
(c) Domain = 1, 2 , range = 5,7
 Required domain  R   3
(d) Domain = 1,2,3,4,5 , range = 7,5
x–3
MHT-CET 20 291. The range of the function f  x  = , x  5 is
5–x
Ans. (d) :
6 (a) R  1 (b) R  1
y  x  , x, y  N and x  6
x (c) R  5 (d) R  5
When x  1, y  1  6  7 MHT-CET 20
When x  2, y  2  3  5 Ans. (a) :
When x  3, y  3  2  5 x 3
We have y 
When x  4, y  4  1.5  5.5 5 x
When x  5, y  5  1.2  6.2 5y  xy  x  3  x  xy  5y  3
Since x, y  N and x  6, we write Domain 5y  3
x 
 1, 2,3, 4,5 and range  7,5 1 y
Hence Range = R  1
cos –1  y – 5 
288. The domain of a function f  y  =
292. If R =  a, b  /b = a – 1, a  Z, 5 < a < 9 , then
is
25 – y 2
(a) (4,5] (b) (4, 6] the range of R is
(a) 5,6,7 (b) 5,6,7,8,9
(c)  5,5 (d) [4,5)
MHT-CET 20
(c) 7,8,9 (d) 6,7,8
Ans. (d) : MHT-CET 20
cos d 1
 y  5 Ans. (a) :
We have f  y   Given R =  a, b  , b  a 1,a  z,5  a  9
25  y 2
 a  6,7,8
Here 1  y  5  1 and 25  y2  0
a  6, b  6  1  5
 4y6 and 5  y  5
a  7, b  7  1  6
hence domain of f  y  is[4,5)
61
 a  8, b  8  1  7  x  y  2 and domain of f  x  is R  2
R   6,5 ,  7,6 8,7  When x  2 , we get y  2  2  4 . So range of f  x  is
Range of R = 5, 6, 7 R  4
293. The range of the function 296. The domain of the real valued function
1 x–2
f  x = , x      is f x = is
x2 – 9 3–x
(a) (–3, 3) (b) [–3, 3] (a)  2,3 (b) (2,3]
(c) (3, ) (d) (0, )
(c) [2,3) (d)  2,3
MHT-CET 20
Ans. (d) : MHT-CET 20
1 Ans. (c) :
We have f  x  
x2  9 x2
f x 
Clearly f  x  is not defined when x  9  0 2 3 x
x2
i.e.  x  3 x  3  0  x  3, 3 f  x  is defined if  0 and x  3
3 x
as x   3,   and f  x  is not defined for x  3 , range x  2
 0 if x  2  0 and 3  x  0 OR x  2  0 and
is  0,  3 x
3 x  0
1  x  2 and 3  x or x  2 and 3  x
294. If 3x – 2  , then x 
2  x  2 and x  3 or x  2 and x  3
1 5 1 5   2  x  3 of Impossible
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
2 6 2 6   x {2,3)
1 5  1 5 297. The range of function f  x  = sin x + cosec x is
(c)  ,  (d)  , 
 2 6   2 6
(a)  1, 1 (b)  1, 1
MHT-CET 20
Ans. (c) : (c) R   2,2 (d) R   2,2 
1 MHT-CET 20
We have 3x  2 
2 Ans. (d) :
1 1
   3x  2   Given f  x   sin x  cosec x  sin x 
1
2 2 sin x
1 1 We know that, the sum of the number and their
  3x  2 and 3x  2 
2 2 reciprocal is either less than or equal to –2 or greater
3 5 than or equal to 2.
  3x and ex  1 1
2 2 i.e. x   2 OR x   2 . This range of f  x  is
1 5 x x
x x
2
and
6 R   2,2 
1 5 1
 x ,  298. Domain of the function f(x) = ,
2 6  x -  x - 6
2

295. If f : R – 2  R is function defined by where [x] is greatest integer < x, is

x –4
2
(a)  , 2   [4, ) (b)  , 2   [3, )
f  x = , then its range is
x–2 (c) [, 2]  [4, ) (d) [,2]  [3, )
(a) R (b) R  2 Ans. (a) : Given,
(c) R  4 (d) R  2,2
1
f x 
x  x  6
2
MHT-CET 20
Ans. (c) : Where, [x] is greatest integer  x.

We have f  x  
x 4
2
y
 x  2 x  2   x  2 Then, for this function –
x2 x2 [x]2 – [x] – 6 > 0
62
.

[x]2 – 3[x] + 2[x] – 6 > 0 Where, e = Identity element

[x] ([x] –3) + 2 ([x]–3) > 0 a–1 = Inverse of element a.
([x]–3) ([x]+2) > 0 Then, a*e=a
[x] – 3 > 0 and [x] + 2 > 0 2ae
 a
[x] > 0 + 3 and [x] + 2 > 0 – 2 5
[x] > 3 and [x] > – 2 5
 e
Then, [x]  ( –, –2]  [ 3, ) 2
So, x (–, –2]  [ 4, ) Since, a * a–1 = e = a–1 * a
x 2*3*31 5
299. Domain of f(x) = is Then, 3 * 3–1 = e  
1- x 5 2
(a) R – [–1, 1] (b)  -,1  1 5 5 1 25
3    
(c)  -,1   0,1 (d) R  (1,1} 2 2 3 12
So, 2 * x = 3–1
Ans. (d) : Given,
2  2  x 25
x  
f (x)  5 12
1 x
125
Then, domain of f(x) = R – { –1, 1}  x
48
Because, domain of f(x) is R but 1 – |x|  0 is defined
302. If the operation  is defined by a  b = a2 + b2
only when 1 – |x| > 0
for all real numbers „a‟ and „b‟, then (2  3)
So, 1 – |x| > 0  |x| > 1
 4 = ________
 –1 < x < 1.
(a) 182 (b) 185
 x  (–1, 1)
If x(–1, 1) then denominator is 0. This not possible for (c) 181 (d) 184
value of domain. Karnataka CET-2015
Hence domain of f(x) = R – ( –1, 1). Ans. (b) : Given, the operation  is defined by a  b
2 2
300. If A = {a, b, c}, then the number of binary = a + b for all real numbers 'a' and 'b'.
operations on A is Then, ( 2  3)  4 = (2 2
+ 32)  4
(a) 36 (b) 33 = ( 4 + 9)  4
(c) 39 (d) 3 = 13  4
= 132 + 42
Karnataka CET 2020
= 169 + 16
Ans. (c) : Given, A = {a, b, c}
So, (2  3)  4 = 185
Then, number of element in set A = 3.
303. Let * be a binary operation defined on R by a *
So, number of binary operations on the set –
a+b
A = { a, b, c } = 33  39 .
2
b= a,b  R then the operation * is
4
Since, we know that, A set having n elements then (a) Commutative and Associative
2
number of binary operation = n n . (b) Commutative but not Associative
301. On the set of positive rationals, a binary (c) Associative but not Commutative
2ab (d) Neither Asociative nor Commutative
operation * is defined by a * b = . If 2 * x =
5 Karnataka CET 2016
3–1, then x =
Ans. (b) : Given, * be a binary operation defined on R
1 2
(a) (b) a+b
6 5 by a * b =  a,b  R.
4
5 125
(c) (d) Then, we know that, A binary operation * on R is
12 48 commutative if –
Karnataka CET 2019 a * b = b * a ,  a, b  R
Ans. (d) : Given, a binary operation * is defined by a b ba
2ab  
a *b  4 4
5 a b ba
We know that, a * e = a = e * a  
4 4

63
Which is ture. Ans. (d) : Given, in the group (Z, *),
And, A binary operation * on R is associative if, if a * b = a + b – n  a, b  Z
(a * b) * c = a * (b * c),  a, b, c  R Where, n is a fixed integer.
In this question, we can see that the identity element of
ab  bc the group is n.
   *c  a *   Then, a * n = a  a  Z
 4   4 
So, let the inverse of (–n) be Z.
ab bc
c a Then, –n * Z = identity = n
 4  4
–n + Z – n = n
4 4
Z – 2n = n
Z = 3n
a  b  4c 4a  b  c
  306. For any two real numbers, an operation *
16 16
Which is not correct. defined by a * b = 1 + ab is
So, the operation * is commutative but not associative (a) neither commutative nor associative
304. Binary operation * on R –{–1} defined by a * b (b) commutative but not associative
a (c) both commutative and associative
is
b +1 (d) associative but not commutative.
(a) * is associative and commutative Karnataka CET 2014
(b) * is neither associative nor commutative Ans. (b) : Given, for any two real number, an operation
(c) * is commutative but not associative * defined by a * b = 1 + ab.
(d) * is associaitive but not commutative Then, A binary operation * R is commutative if –
a*b=b*a
Karnataka CET 2017
1 + ab = 1 + ba
Ans. (b) : Given, binary operation * on R – {–1}
1 + ab = 1 + ab
a
defined by a * b  Which is true.
b 1
And, A binary operation on * on R is associative is –
Then, we know that, a binary operation * on R  { –1}
(a * b) * c = a * (b * c)
is commutative if –
(1 + ab) * c = a * (1 + bc)
a*b=b*a
1 + (1 + ab) c = 1 + a(1 + bc)
a b
  1 + c + abc  1 + a + abc
b 1 a 1
Which is not true.
Which is not true.
So, * commutative but not associative.
And, A binary operation * on R – { –1} is associative is
(a * b) * (c) = (a) * (b * c) 307. In P(X), the power set of a non-empty set X, a
binary operation * is defined by A * B = A  B
 a   b 
  *c  a *    A, B  P  X  . Under *, a TRUE statement is
 b  1   c 1
(a) inverse law is not satisfied
a a
 (b) identity law is not satisfied
b 1 b
1 (c) associative law is not satisfied
c 1 c 1
(d) commutative law is not satisfied.
a a  c  1
 Karnataka CET 2010
 b  1 c  1 b  c  1 Ans. (a) : Given, P(X) = the power set of non-empty
Which is not true. set.
So, * is neither associative nor commutative. and A * B = AB  A  B  P(x)
305. In the group (Z, *), if a*b = a + b - n  a,b  Z Then, a binary operation * on X is commutative if –
where n is a fixed integer, then the inverse of A*B=B*A
(–n) is AB=BA
(a) n (b) –n Which is true.
(c) –3n (d) 3n And, A binary operation * on X is associative is –
Karnataka CET 2013 A * ( B + C) = (A * B) * C
A * (B  C) = ( A  B) * C
64
.

ABC=ABC  3 2  x   4
 * 
Which is true.  2  27 36
Let identity element = e 4 4
Then, A*e=A  3x  * 
27 36
Ae=A 4
e = subset of set A 3  3x 
27  4
But, A * A–1  e 2 36
So, inverse law is not satisfied. 4x 4
308. The inverse of 2010 in the group Q+ of all 
2  3 36
positive rationals under the binary operation * x 
ab 
defined by a * b = ,  a, b  Q + , is 1 6
2010 1
(a) 2011 (b) 2009 x
6
(c) 2010 (d) 1 1
So, x .
Karnataka CET 2010 6
Ans. (c) : Given, 310. On the set Q of all rational numbers the
ab operation * which is both associative and
a*b ,  a,b Q
2010 commutative is given by a * b =
Where, 2010 is the identity element. (a) a + b + ab (b) a2 + b2
And, we also know that, the inverse of identity element (c) ab + 1 (d) 2a + 3b
is itself identity element.
Karnataka CET 2006
So, inverse of 2010 = 2010.
Ans. (a) : Given, Q = set of all rational number
309. On the set of all non-zero reals, an operation *
Then check a * b = ?
3ab
is defined as a * b = . In this group, a By option a : – a * b = a + b + ab
2
–1 –1 Then, A binary operation * on Q is commutative, if –
solution of (2 * x)* 3 = 4 is
a*b=b*a
(a) 6 (b) 1
a + b + ab = b + a + ba
(c) 1/6 (d) 3/2
a + b + ab = a + b + ab
Karnataka CET 2011
Which is true .
3ab And, Binary operation * on Q is associative, if –
Ans. (c) : Given, a * b =
2 (a * b) * c = a * (b * c)
We know that, a * e = a = e * a ( a + b + ab) * c = a * ( b + c + bc)
Where, e = Identity element (a + b + ab) + c + ( a + b + ab). c = a + ( b + c +
a–1 = inverse of a element. bc) + a × ( b + c + bc)
Then, a * e = a a + b + c + ab + ac + bc + abc = a + b + c + bc + ab + ac
3ae + abc
a
2 a + b + c + ab + bc + ca + abc = a + b + c + ab + bc +
2 ca + abc
e
3 Which is true.
Since, a * a–1 = e = a–1 * a So, a * b = a + b + ab is associative and commutative
Then, 3 * 3–1 = e 311. On the set Z, of all integers * is defined by a * b
3 3 3 1
2 = a + b –5. If 2 * (x * 3) = 5 then x =

2 3 (a) 5 (b) 10
2 2 4 (c) 0 (d) 3
3–1 = 
3  3  3 27 Karnataka CET 2008
And, 4 * 4–1 = e Ans. (b) : Given, Z = Set of all integers
3  4  41 2 4 a*b=a+b–5
  41 
2 3 36 Then, 2 * (x * 3) = 5
So, (2 * x) * 3–1 = 4–1 2 * ( x + 3 – 5) = 5
2 + ( x – 2) – 5 = 5
65
 2+x–2–5=5 And, for associative –
x– 5=5 (a * b) * c = a * (b * c)
x=5+5 (a + 3b) * c = a * ( b + 3c)
x = 10 (a + 3b) + (c) × 3 = a + 3 ( b + 3c)
312. Which of the following is false? a + 3b + 3c  a + 3b + 9c.
(a) If a * b = ab for all a, b  N then * is Which is not true.
commutative in N. So, only a * b = a + 3b is follow closure property.
(b) Addition is associative in N. 314. Which one of the following is a group?
(a) The set Q–{–1} under the operation * defined
(c) Addition is commutative in N.
by a*b =a + b – ab
(d) Multiplication is associative in N.
(b) The set R under the operation * defined by
Karnataka CET 2008
a*b = ab + 1
Ans. (a) : By options –
(c) The set Q under the operation * defined by
Options number (a) : Given,
a * b = ab,  a,b  N
3ab
a*b =
7
Then, A binary operation on N is commutative if,
(d) The set of Z under the operation * defined by
a * b = b * a,  a,b  N
a*b =ab
ab  b a
Ans. (c) : Given,
Which is not true.
( 1 + tan1º ) ( 1 + tan 2º) .......(1 + tan 45º) = 2 n
Option number (b) : – Addition is associative in N. Consider one terms, and solve, we get –
It is true because – (1 + tan 1º) = 1 + tan (45º + (– 44º))
1 + ( 2 + 3) = (1 + 2) + 3 (1 + tan 1º) = 1 + tan (45º – 44º)
1+5=3+3
1  tan1o   1  1 tantan4545o tantan4444o
o o
6 = 6,
Which is true.
Option number (c) : – Addition is commutative in N. 1  tan 44o
1 + tan 1º = 1 
It is true because - 1  tan 44o
1+2=2 +1 tan 44o  1  tan 44o
1 + tan 1º = 1 
3=3 1  tan 44o
Which is ture. 2
1 + tan 1º =
Option number (d) : – Multiplication is associative in N. 1  tan 44o
It is true because – So, (1 + tan1º) . ( 1+ tan 2º) .....(1 + tan 45º) = 2 n
1 × ( 2 × 3) = ( 1 × 2) × 3 1 2
  ....
1×6=2×3 1  tan 44  1  tan 43o
o

6 = 6, which is true.
So, option number (a) is false. 1  tan 43o   1  tan 44o   2  2n
313. On the set of all natural numbers N, which one  2 × 2 × 2 ........× 2 = 2 23 times
n

of the following * is a binary operation?  223 = 2n

(a) a * b = a + 3b (b) a * b = 3a – 4b Comparing both side –
ab n = 23.
(c) a *b  ab (d) a * b 
ab 315. In Z, the set of all integers, the inverse of –7
Karnataka CET 2009
with respect to * defined by a*b = a + b + 7 for
Ans. (a) : Given, n = set of all natural numbers N.
all a, b  Z is
Then by option (a) : –
(a) –14 (b) 7
a + 3b is commutative if – (c) 14 (d) –7
a*b=b*a COMEDK 2011
a + 3b = b + 3a, a, b N Ans. (d) : [Z, *] is a group
If a = b = 1, Where * is defined by a*b = a+b+7
Then 1+3=1+3  e7  0 a e7  a
4=4
 e  7  0  e  –7
Which is true.

66
.

 –7 is the identity element. Identity element has its  1  x  1

own inverse. 1
 (–7)–1 = –7 Thus, x  0, x 2  and x 2  1
2
316. If * be a binary operation on a set A and e be  1 
the identity element w.r.t. *, then b  A is said  x ,1
 2 
to be inverse of a  A w.r.t. *, if
(a) a*e = b*e (b) a = b 319. The domain of the function f(x) = x2 -[x]2 ,
(c) a*a = b*b (d) a*b = b*a = e where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than
COMEDK 2017 or equal to x, is
Ans. (d) : b  A is said to be and inverse of a w.r.t. (a) (0, ) (b) (, 0)
operation  if a *b  b*a  e. (c) (, ) (d) None of these
317. Let Q–1 be a set of all rational numbers except BITSAT-2018
– 1 and * be a binary operation defined by a*b Ans. (d) : f(x) is defined if x  [x ]  0  x 2  [x]2 ,
2 2

= a + b + ab a, b  Q–1. Then the solution of which is true for all positive real x and all negative
equation 4*x = 3 is integers x.
1 3
(a) (b) 320. If ex + ef(x) = e, then the domain of f(x) is
5 5
(a) (, 1) (b) (, 0)
1 1
(c) (d) – (c) (1, ) (d) None
3 5
COMEDK 2018 BITSAT-2015
Ans. (d) : Set is Q1, i.e., Q –{–1}and * defined by Ans. (a) : We have, e  e x f (x)
e
A*b=a + b + ab x 1
e f (x)
 e  e  (1  e )
x e
 4 * x = 4 + x + 4x = 3
1 f (x)  1  loge (1  ex 1)
 4  5x  3  x  –
5 Clearly, for f(x) to be real, we must have
318. The domain of the function 1  ex 1  0
 ex  e  x  1  x  (, 1)
f(x) = x - 1- x2 is
321. The domain of the function
 1   1 
(a)  1,   ,1   1  
 2   2  f(x) = log 2  -log1/2  1 + 1/4  -1  is
  x  
(b) [1,1]
(a) (0, 1) (b) (0, 1]
 1  1  (c) [1, ) (d) (1, )
(c)  ,     ,  
 2   2  BITSAT-2014
 1  Ans. (a) : f(x) is defined if
(d)  ,1
 2   1 
 log1/ 2 1  1/ 4   1  0
BITSAT-2020  x 
Ans. (d) : For f(x) to be defined, we must have  1 
 log1/ 2 1  1/ 4   1
x  1  x  0 or x  1  x  0
2 2  x 
1
 x 2  1  x 2 or x 2  .
1 1 1
 1  
2 x1/ 4 2
Also, 1  x  0 or x  1.
2 2
1
 1
1  1  1  x 1/ 4
Now, x 2 
 x  x  0
2  2  2  0  x 1

x
1
or x 
1 x2 - x + 1
322. The range of the function f(x) =
2 2 x2 + x + 1
Also, x 2  1  (x  1)(x  1)  0 where x  R, is

67
 (a) (, 3] (b) (, ) 5 
Hence, range of f  (, 0)   ,  
1  3 
(c) [3, ) (d)  , 3
3  1
325. The domain of the function f(x) =
BITSAT-2009 x2 - 3x + 2
x2  x 1 is
Ans. (d) : Let y 
x2  x 1 (a) (, 1) (b) (, 1)  (2, )
 x 2 (y  1)  x(y  1)  (y 1)  0 (c) (, 1]  [2, ) (d) (2, )
(y  1)  (y  1)  4(y  1)
2 2 BITSAT-2005
x
2(y  1) Ans. (b) : For f(x) to be defined, we must have
x 2  3x  2  (x  1)(x  2)  0  x  1 or > 2 Domain
(y  1)  3y 2  10y  3
 is real iff of f  (, 1)(2, ).
2(y  1)
y 1  0  y  1 326. sin-1(sin 5) > x2 – 4x holds if
(a) x  2  9  2
If y = 1 then original equation gives x = 0, so taking y
=1 (b) x  2  9  2
Also 3y2  10y  3  0 (c) x  2  9  2
 (3y  1)(y  3)  0 (d) x  (2  9  2 ,2  9  2)
1  1  VITEEE-2017
 y , 3  Range is  , 3
3  3  Ans. (d) : sin 1
sin5  sin sin 5  2
1

323. The domain of the functions f(x) = log2log3log4 = 2 – 2

x is Given sin  sin5  x  4x
1 2

(a) [4, ) (b) (4, )

 5  2x  x 2  4x
(c) (, 4) (d) None of these  5  2  4  x 2  4x  4
BITSAT-2007
 9  2   x  2 
2

Ans. (b) : f(x) is defined if log3 log4 x > 0, log4 x > 0

  x  2   9  2
2
and x > 0
 log4 x  3  1, x  4 and x  0
0 0
 9  2  x  2  9  2
 x  41, x  1 and x  0  x  4
2  9  2  x   2  9  2
Domain of f  (4, )
5 x  2  9  2 , 2  9  2
324. The range of the function f  x  = is
3 - x2 327. The domain and range of the function f given
5  5  by f(x) = 2 – |x – 5| is
(a) (, 0)   ,   (b) (, 0)   ,  
 3   3  (a) Domain = R+ , Range = ( –, 1]
(b) Domain = R , Range = ( –, 2]
5 
(c) (, 0]   ,   (d) None of these (c) Domain = R , Range = ( –, 2)
3 
(d) Domain = R+ , Range = ( –, 2]
BITSAT-2006 VITEEE-2016
Ans. (a) : For f(x) to be defined, 3  x 2  0 Ans. (b) : We have
i.e. x   3 f(x) = 2 – |x – 5|
 Domain of f  R  { 3} Domain of f(x) is defined for all real values of x.
Since, | x  5 | 0   | x  5 | 0
5 y(3y  5)
Now, let y   x2   2 | x  5 | 2
3  x2 y2
For x to be real, x 2  0  y(3y  5)  0  f x  2
Also y  0 Hence, range of f(x) is (–, 2].
5 328. Convert the hexadecimal numeral ABCD into
 y  0 or y  binary numeral
3
68
.
(a) (1010101111001101)2 (a) (,2] (b) (2, ∞)
(b)
(c)
(1001000011111111)2
(1111110000010001)2
(c)  ,2 (d) [2, )
(d) (1000100100111100)2 VITEEE-2019
VITEEE-2016 Ans. (c) : Given,
Ans. (a) : Replacing each hexadecimal digit by the 1
f(x) =
corresponding 4-digit binary numeral, we have 1x  2 | (x  2)
(ABCD)16 = (1010 1011 1100 1101)2
 x  2, x  2
329. The domain of the function | x  2 | 
1 2  x, x  2
  x = + x + 2 is
log10 1  x  0, x  2
| x  2 |   x  2  
(a) ]–3,–2.5[] – 2.5, – 2[ 4  2x, x  2
(b) [–2,0[]0, 1[ 332. If D is the set of all real x such that 1  e1/x1 is
(c) ]0, 1[ positive, then D is equal to
(d) None of the above (a) (,1] (b) (,0)
VITEEE-2013
(c) (1, ) (d) (,0)  1,  
Ans. (b) : We have
1 VITEEE-2011
f x   x2
log10 1  x  1 
Ans. (d) :   1
For this function to be define x 
(1 – x) > 0,  1 and (x+2)  0 1– e >0
 x < 1,  0 and x  –2
1
1
ex  1
Thus domain of f(x) is
1
x [2,0)   0,1  1 < log (1) (∵log 1 = 0)
x
4  x2 1
330. The domain of the function f  x  = 1 < 0
sin 1  2  x  x
1
is 1
(a) [0, 2] (b) [0, 2) x
(c) [1, 2) (d) [1, 2] x (–, 0)  (1, )
VITEEE-2012 x2 + 2x + 7
Ans. (c) : case (1) 333. If < 6,x  R, then
2x + 3
4 – x2  0] 3
x2 – 4  0 (a) x  11 or x  
2
(x – 2) (x + 2)  0 (b) x  11 or x  1
x  [2, 2]
3
case (II) (c)   x  1
2
sin–1(2 – x)  0
3
– 1  sin–1 (2 – x)  1 (d) 1  x  11 or x  
2
– 1  (2 – x)  1
VITEEE-2011
–1–2x 1–2
Ans. (d) : Given,
–3 –x  –1
3x 1 x 2  2x  7
6
x  [1, 3] – {2} 2x  3
[1, 2]  (2, 3] x 2  2x  7
 6  0
So the domain of the given function is [1, 2) 2x  3
331. The domain of the function f (x) = x 2  2x  7  12x  18
 0
1
is :
 2x  3
| x  2 |   x – 2

69
 x 2  10x  11 which is true for all x  R.
 0
 2x  3  x2 
Now, y  sin 1  2 
 x  1 x  11  1 x 
 0
 2x  3 
x2
 sin y  x 
sin y
 x  11 x  1 2x  3 1 x2 1  sin y
 0
 2x  3 For the existence of x
2

sin y  0 and 1 – sin y > 0

  x  11 x  1 2x  3  0 
 0  sin y  1  0  y 
 3
 x   ,    1, 11
2
 2  
Thus, range of the given function is 0.  .
334. Domain of the function f(x) = logx cos x, is  2
        336. If (1 + tan1 ) (1 + tan2 ) ...... (1 + tan450) = 2n,
0 0
(a)   ,   1 (b)   ,   1
 2 2  2 2 then n is
(a) 22 (b) 24
  
(c)   ,  (d) None of these (c) 23 (d) 12
 2 2
UPSEE-2018
VITEEE-2010
Ans. (c) : : Given, ( 1 + tan1º) ( 1 + tan2º) …..( 1 + tan
Ans. (d) : we have 45º) = n2
f  x   log x cos x Consider one term s, and solve, we get -
cos x > 0, ( 1 + tan 1º) = 1 + tan (45º + (–44º))
x>0 ( 1 + tan1º) = 1 + tan ( 45º – 44º)
x1 tan 45º  tan 44º
1  tan1º   1 
1  tan 45º  tan 44º
1  tan 44º
1  tan1º  1 
1  tan 44º
1  tan 44º 1  tan 44º
1  tan1º 
1  tan 44º
2
1  tan1º 
   1  tan 44º
x    ,  , x  u, x  1 So, ( 1 + tan1º) . ( 1 + tan 2º ) … ( 1 + tan 45º) = 2n
 2 2
2 2
    ( 1 + tan 43º) × ( 1 + tan
x   0,  and x  1 1  tan 44º  1  tan 43º 
 2
44º) × 2 = 2n
 
x   0,   1 2  2  2....  2
 2  2n
23times
 x2  223 = 2n
335. Range of the function y = sin 1  2 
, is
1+ x  Comparing both side n = 23
    337. The domain of the definition of the function
(a)  0,  (b) 0,  1
 2   2 y= + x + 2 is
  log 10 1 – x 

   
(c)  0,  (d) 0, 
 2  2 (a) x  – 2 (b) –3 < x  –2
VITEEE-2010 (c) –2  x < 0 (d) –2  x < 1
UPSEE-2017
1  x 
2
Ans. (b) : y  sin  2  1
 1 x  Ans. (c) : Given , y   x2
log10 1  x 
x2
For y to be defined 1 For this function doming to be defined
1 x2 (1 – x) > 0, ( 1 – x) > 1 and ( x + 2) > 0

70
.

x < 1, x < 0 and x  – 2 6  36  28  44 6  8  4

x 
22
62 y2
x
2
x  3 y  2
Then, f(x) is defined only when
y + 2  0  y  –2
Common interval = – 2  x < 0 = Domain of y
So, Range of f(x) = [–2, ]]
338. The range of x for which the formula 3sin–1 x =
sin–1 [x(3 – 4x2)] hold is 340. The domain of the function
4–x 2
f  x =
1 1 1 2
(a)   x  (b)   x  is:
2 2 4 3 cos-1  2 – x 
1 2 2 (a) [0, 2] (b) [0, 2)
(c)   x  1 (d)   x 
3 3 3 (c) [1, 2) (d) [1, 2]
UPSEE-2017 UPSEE-2015
Ans. (a) : Given, 3sin–1 x = sin–1[ x ( 3 – 4x2)]
4–x 2

cosnsider , sin–1x =  Ans. (c) : Given, f(x) =

cos  2 – x 
–1
x = sin 
then, 3 = sin–1 [ sin ( 3 –4 sin2 )] for domain f(x) be defined 4 – x2  0, – 1  2 – x  1
Since, and 2 – x
  x2  4, – 1  2 –x  1
Here,  3  because sin–1+ x is in the interval – 2  x  2 and – 3  – x  – 1
2 2
– 2  x  2 and 1  x  3
   
 2 , 2 Then,
 
 
 
6 6
   
sin    sin  sin
 6  6
 
 sin  sin   sin
6 6
1 1
  sin  
2 2 So, communication = Domain of f(x) = [1, 2]
sin x = sin  
 x2  

1 1 341. Let f =  x, 2 
: x  R  be a function from
So,   x  
 1 + x  

2 2
R to R. Determine the range of f.
339. If domain of the function f(x) = x2 – 6x + 7 is (a) [0, 1) (b) [0, –1]
(– ,  ) then its range is (c) [0, 2) (d) None of these
(a) (–2, 3) (b) (– , –2) UPSEE-2014
(c) (–, ) (d) (–2, ) Ans. (a) : Given,
UPSEE-2016

 x2  

Ans. (d) : Given, function f(x) = x2 – 6x + 7 Domian of f(x) =  x, 2 
: x R
the function is (– , ) 
 1  x  

then for range. consider f(x) = y be a function from R to R.
So, x2 – 6x + 7 = 4 x
x2 –6x + 7 – y = 0 Consider, y =
1 x2
6  36  4 1 7  4  y + yx2 = x2
Now, x  y = x2 – yx2
2 1
y
y = x2(1–y)  x2 =
1– y
71
 2 2
y  r   r 
 5     3   4
x=
1– y  2  2
 x is real, then –
r2 8 2r  1s  0
y
1– y
0 
r  4 2  14, 4 2  14  ….(ii)

y 1 – y  r 4 2  14,5 2 
0
1 – y 
2
343. The greatest value of
Then, y(1 – y)  0 and (1 – y)2 > 0 f  x    x  1
1/ 3
  x  1
1/ 3
on  0, 1 is
0  y  1 and – y > – 1
(a) 1 (b) 2
0  y  1 and y < 1
1
(c) 3 (d)
3
UPSEE-2010
Ans. (b) : Given,
1 1
f  x    x  1 3   x  1 3
Both side diff
 
1 1 1 1 
Then, f'(x) = 
3 2 2 

  x  1 3  x  1 3 
3
So, commorinteral = range of f = 0  y  1 = [0, 1]
342. The range of values of r, for which the point
 r r  1 2
1 2
 5 + 3+  is an interior point of the f'(x) =  x  1 3   x  1 3
 2, 2 3 3
major segment of the circle x2 + y2 = 16 cut-off 2 2

by the line x + y = 2 , is (x  1) 3  (x  1) 3
=
 
2
(a) ,5 2 3(x  1) 3
(b) 4 2  14, 5 2  f' = ()does exist at x =  1
f' (x) = 0
(c) 4 2  14, 4 2  14  2
 x  1 3   x  1 3
2

(d) None of the above x=0

UPSEE-2013 ∵ f'(x)  0 for any other values of x [0, 1]. the value
Ans. (b) : Given, of f(x) at x = 0 is 2
2 2
 r   r  Hence, the greatest value of f(x) is 2.
 5     3    16  0 344. The set of points where the function
 2   2
f  x   x x is differentiable is
(a)   ,   (b)   , 0   0,  
(c)  0,   (d) 0, 
UPSEE-2010
Ans. (a) : Given,
f(x) = x |x|
Position of uriyin w.r.t line
 x2 , x  0
x+y–2 f  x   x | x |  2
0 – 0 – 2 = – 2 < 0.  x , x  0
r r f (x)  0
5   (3)  2 0 L.H.D = lim
2 2 x0 x  0

r<5 2 ….(i) f (h) h 2

lim  0
x  0 h  0 h

72
.

f (h) h 2 Ans. (d) : Given,

R.H.D = lim  0 f(x) = cos x – sin x
x0 h h
345. The domain of definition of function f(x) = a sin x  b cos x

1 + 2  x + 4
0.5 maximum value = a 2  b2
  x  4  4  x  4  is
0.5 0.5
f ( x) 
2   x + 4
0.5 ∵ a = 1, b = –1
(a) R (b) (– 4, 4) Range =   a 2  b2 , a 2  b2 
 
(c) R+ (d) (– 4, 0)  (0,)
R =   22    1 , 12   1 
2 2
UPSEE-2010  
Ans. (d) : Given,
R =   2, 2 
1  2  x  4
0.5

f x    x  4
0.5

2   x  4  4  x  4  x2 
0.5 0.5

348. The domain of the function sin 1  log 2  is

It is also written as –  2 

1  2  x  4
0.5
(a) [–1, 2] – {0}
f x    x  4  4  x  4
0.5 0.5

2  (x  4)0.5 (b) [–2, 2] – (–1, 1)

2 (c) [–2, 2] – {0}
1 (d) [1, 2]
f x  x4  x44 x4
2 x 4 UPSEE-2007
f(x) is defined for x + 4 > 0 and x  0 domain of f(x) is  x2 
Ans. (b) : Given function sin–1 log 2 
(–4, 0)  (0, ).  2
346. The domain of the function f(x) = log2x–1(x–1) is –1
domain of sin x [–1,1]
1   x2 
(a) (1, ) (b)  ,   sin–1 log 2 
2 
 2
(c) (0, ) (d) None of these
UPSEE -2008 x2
1  log 2 1
2
Ans. (a) : Given function,
f(x) = log2x–1(x – 1) x2
21  2
a1 2
Here, for domain two cases solve – 1 x2
 2d
a > 0, x > 0 2 2
Applying a  1 1  x2  4
Appliying a  1 |x|  2 and |x|  1,
2x – 1  1 f {[–2, –1] – [1, 2]}.
2x  2
x1 349. The domain of the function
a>0
2x >1
f  x  = exp  5x – 3 – 2x 2
 is:
1 (a) [3/2,] (b) [1,3/2]
x> (c) (–,1] (d) (1,3/2)
2
x>0 UPSEE-2006
x–1>0 Ans. (b) : Given,
x>1
Hence, the domain of given function is = (1, ).
f  x   exp  5x  3  2x 2 
5x – 3 – 2x  0 2
347. The range of f(x) = cos x – sin x is
(a) [–1, 1] (b) (–1, 2) –2x2 + 5x – 3 0
    b  b 2  4ac 
(c)   ,  (d)   2, 2   x  
 2 2  2a 
 
UPSEE-2007 a = –2, b = –5, c = –3

73
 5  25  24 f(x) = x2 – 4x + 4 + 1
 f(x) = (x –2)2 + 1
4
Range of f(x) = [1, )
5  1
 353. The range of values of  for which the points
4  3 2 
5  1 6 3 (, 2 + ) and  ,   lie on opposite sides of
x ,   2 
4 4 2 the line 2x + 3y = 6, is
5  1 (a) (–2, 1)
x 1
4 (b) (– , –2)  (0, 1)
 1 (c) (–2, 0)  (1, )
Hence the domain of the function is= 1, 
 3 (d) (–1, 0)  (2, )
350. If = 2 ≤ 3x - 4 ≤ 5,x ∈ R,thenx belongs JCECE-2015
totheinterval Ans. (b) : Given,
 3 
(a) [0,1] (b) [1,3] It the point and  ,  2 
1   2 
(c)  ,3 (d) [2,3] 2x + 3y – 6 = 0
2 
(23) < 0
JCECE-2019
15  (2 +  – 2) < 0
Ans. (d): Given,
 (+ 2) (– 1) < 0
2  3x – 4  5
 (– , – 2)  (0, 1)
2 + 4  3x  5 + 4
6  3x  9 354. If a  Z and the equation (x – a) (x – 10) + 1 = 0
has integral roots, then the values of a are
23
(a) 10, 8 (b) 12, 10
x [2, 3]
(c) 12, 8 (d) 18, 10
351. The domain of the function JCECE-2015
1 Ans. (c) : Given,
f(x) = is
x+ x ∵ a and x are integers –
(a) (reals) 
(b)  ( ve reals) (x – a ) (x – 10) + 1 = 0
( x – a) (x – 10) = – 1
(c)  (ve reals) (d) N(natural numbers) x – a = – 1, x – 10 = 1
JCECE-2019 (x = 8 and a = 9,)
Ans. (b) : x = 11 then a = 12
1 a = 8 or a = 12
We have,f (x) 
x x 355. The values of a for which (a2 – 1)x2 + 2(a – 1)x +
2 is positive for any x, are
For the function to be defined, the denominator should (a) a  1 (b) a  1
not be equal to 0 and negative (c) a > –3 (d) a < –3 or a > 1
x x 0 JCECE-2014
2 2
x  x Ans. (d) : (a – 1) x + 2(a –1) x + 2
+ +
ax2 + bx + c > 0
It is true for all R . (R means set of all positive real for all x, yf a > 0
numbers) and b2 < 4ac
+
Domain of the given function = R (a2 – 1)x2 + 2(a – 1) x + 2
352. Let f :  2,    IR be the function defined by is positive2 for all x
a – 170 and 4 (a – 1)2 – 8 (a2 – 1) < 0
f  x   x2  4x  5. then, the range of f is a2 – 170 and –4(a – 1) (a + 3) < 0
(a) IR (b) [(1, )] a2 – 170 and (a – 1) (a + 3) < 0
(c) [4, ] (d) [5, ] a2 > 1 and a < –3 of a > 1
So, a < – 3 or a > 1
JCECE-2018
356. Domain of function f (x) = sin–1 5x is
Ans. (b) : Given,
 1 1  1 1
f : (2, ) (a)   ,  (b)   , 
f(x) = x2 – 4x + 5  5 5  5 5

74
.

 1  4 
(c) R (d)  0,  a   , 2
 5 3 
JCECE-2014 1
Ans. (b) : Given, 358. If x > 0, then solution of x + < 4 is
x
f(x) = sin–1 5x
–1  5x  1 (a) 2  3  x  2  3
1 1 (b) 2  3  x  7  3
x
5 5 (c) 2  3  x  2  3
Hence, domain of function f(x) = sin–15x
(d) None of the above
 1 1
is   ,  . JCECE-2013
 5 5 Ans. (a) : Given,
357. The value of „a‟ for which the function 1
x x x 4.
f(x)=(4a–3) (x+log 5) +2 (a-7) cot sin 2 does x
2 2
x 1
2
not possess critical points is 4
(a) (– , 2) |x|
(b) (– , –1) |x2| – 4|x| + 1< 0
(c) (1, ) (|x| – 2)2 < 3
4   
2
 (|x| – 2)2 < 3
(d)  ,   (2, )
 3 
||x| – 2| < 3
JCECE-2013
Ans. (d) : Given,  3  (| x | 2)  3
5
f(x) = (4a – 3)(x + loge ) + (a – 7) 2 3  x  2 3
x 2x x > 0, 2 – 3 < c < 2 + 3
cot sin
2 2
x < 0, –2 – 3 < x < –2 + 3
f(x) = (4a – 3) (1) + (a – 7) cos x = 0
3  4a 359. The range of , for which the point (, ) lies
cos x  inside the region bounded by the curves
a 7
3  4a y  1  x 2 and x + y = 1 is
1  1
7a (a)
1
 
1
3 – 4a 3 – 4a 2 2
 1 and 1
a –7 a –7 1 1
(b)  
3 – 4a 2 3
1  0 1 1
a –7 (c)   
3 3
3 – 4a
1  0 1 1
a –7 (d)  
4 2
3 – 4a + a – 7
0 JCECE-2013
a –7
Ans. (a) : Given,
– 3a  4 10 – 5a
 0 and 0 y  1  x 2  0andx  y  1  0
a –7 a –7
Given point (, ) lies but much both lines.
4
a  – 1  2  0
3  0 and a  2  0
a 7 a 7   1  2
 4  Both side squaring
a   ,7
3  2 < 1 –  2
a   , 2   7,   22 < 1

75
 1 (a) R (b) R – {1}
< (c) {–1} (d) R – {–1}
2
JCECE-2010
+–1>0
Ans. (c) : Given,
2>1
x2
1 f x 
> 2x
2
x2
1 1 f (x) =  1
< <   x  2
2 2
If x2
1–x
360. If f(x) = , the domain of f–1(x) is Range of f(x) = {–1}
1+ x  x2 
(a) R (b) R–{–1} –1  log 2 
363. The domain of the function sin  2  is
(c) (–, –1) (d) (–1, ) 
JCECE-2011 (a) [–1, 2] – {0} (b) [–2, 2] – (–1, 1)
Ans. (b) : Given, (c) [–2, 2] – {0} (d) [1, 2]
1 x JCECE-2008
f(x) =
1 x Ans. (b) : Given,
Suppose f(x) = y,  x2 
1 x f(x) = sin–1  log 2 
then =y  2 
1 x
x2
1 y 1  log 2 1
x 2
1 y
x2
1 y 21   21
f  y 
1
2
1 y
1 x2
–1 1 x  2
f (x) = 2 2
1 x
1  X2  4
 f–1(x) is defined for 1 + x  0 –1  |X|  2
Hence, domain of f–1 (x) = R – { –1}
–2X2
361. The domain of the function
Hence the domain of function [–2,–1]  (1, 2)
 3 – 2x 
f  x  = 3 – x + cos –1   , is   x 
 5  364. The domain of sin 1 log 3    is:
(a) [–1, 3] (b) (–1, 3]   3 
(c) [–1, 3) (d) None of these (a) [1, 9] (b) [–1, 9]
JCECE-2010 (c) [–9, 1] (d) [–9, –1]
Ans. (a) : Given, JCECE-2006
 3  2x  Ans. (a) : Give,
f  x   3  x  cos 1  
 5    x 
f(x) = sin–1 log 3   
For it's, 3 – x  0   3 
x  3 ….(i) We know that domain of sin–1x is [–1,1]
3 – 2x x
– 1 1 1  log3    1
5 3
–5  3 – 2x  5 x
–8  – 2x  2 31   3
3
–1  x  4 ….(ii)
1x9
From equation (i) and (ii)
[1, 9]
(–8, 3]  [–1, 4] = [–1, 3]
1
x–2 365. The domain of the function y = is:
362. The range of the function f  x  = when x x x
2 – x'
 2 is (a) (–, 0) (b) (+, 0)

76
.

(c) (–, –1) (d) (–,) Hence the domain consist of the multiples of  domain
JCECE-2003 (y) = {n: nI}
Ans. (a) : Given, x
368. Range of the function f(x) = is
1 1 + x2
y
x x (a) (–, ) (b) [–1, 1]
 1 1
| x | x  0 | x | x  0 (c)  – ,  (d)  – 2, 2 
 2 2  
|x| – x  0 |x| – x > 0
BCECE-2012
|x|  x |x|–> x
Ans. (c): Given,
(–, 0)
x
(–, 0) f(x) =
1 x2
 4  x2  x
366. Domain of the function sin log   is: y
 1 x  1  x2
  2
x y –x + y = 0
(a) [–2, 1] (b) (–2, 1) yx2 – x + y = 0
(c) [–2, 1) (d) (–2, 1] for x to be, real 1 – 4y2  0
JCECE-2003 (1 – 2y) (1 + 2y)  0
Ans. (b) : Given, Now, for real x, we have –
 4  x2  1  1 
f(x) = sin log 
 1 x 
   y   y   0
   2  2 
 1 1
For domain y
2 2
4x 2
0  1 1
1 x y = f(x)    ,  .
1 x  0  2 2
369. The domain of the real function f(x) =
(1 – x) > 0
1
(4 > x2) > 0 is
2
x < 1 and |x|< 2 4 – x
–2<x<1 (a) the set of all real numbers
Hence the domain (–2, 1) (b) the set of all positive
(c) (–2, 2)
367. Domain of f  x  = y = log 3 cos  sinx  is (d) [–2, 2]
 n  BCECE-2012
(a)  : n  I  (b) 2n : n  I
2  Ans. (c): Given,
1
(c) n : n  I (d) None of these f(x) =
4  x2
BCECE-2013 2
4–x >0
Ans. (c): Given,
x2 < 4
f(x) = y = log3 cos  sin x  –2 < x < 2
log cos (sin x) is  0 Domain (–2, 2).
3

–1  cos  1

cos (sin x)  1

cos (sin x) = 1

 sin x = 0

x = n, nI.

77