Grade

11

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
QUARTER 3 – MODULE 1
Week 1

Nature and Inquiry

of Research
Practical Research 1 – Grade 11/12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Nature of Inquiry & Research
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

School Division Superintendent: Danilo C. Sison, EdD, CESO V

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Teodora V. Nabor, DA, CESO VI

Development Team of the Module

Author: Jerome A. Giron

Reviewers: Julie G. De Guzman, EdD, Emelda T. Hernandez
Ritchie G. Macalanda, PhD, Lea C. Cacayan, PhD
Domingo T. Dismaya II, EdD, Rodrigo T.
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 11

Practical
Research 1
Quarter 3 – Module 1
Week 1 – 2
Nature of Inquiry & Research
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Practical Research 1 (Grade 11/12) Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Nature on Inquiry and Research!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
 For the learner:

Welcome to the Practical Research 1 (Grade 11/12) Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Nature on Inquiry and Research!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you anI Need

What idea to
of Know
the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson
to take. If you get allIthe
What answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.
Know
This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story,
a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation.
What’s In
This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s New
This comprisesWhat is It for independent practice to solidify your understanding and
activities
skills of the topic. YouMore
What’s may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at
the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you
learned from the lesson.
What I Have
This section provides Learned which will help you transfer your new knowledge or
an activity
skill into real life situations
What I Can Door concerns.

3
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning
Assessment
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also
Additional tends retention of learned concepts.
Activities
This contains answers to all activities in the module.

Answer Key
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Do not forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of inquiry and research. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Importance of Research in Daily Life
 Lesson 2 – Characteristics, Processes and Ethics of Research
 Lesson 3 – Differences Between Quantitative and Qualitative Research
 Lesson 4 – Types and Examples of Research in Different Areas/Fields

MELCs:
1. Shares experience and knowledge. (CS_RS11IIIa-1)
2. Explains the importance of research in daily life. (CS_RS11IIIa-2)
3. Describes characteristics, processes, and ethics of research. (CS_RS11IIIa-3)
4. Differentiates quantitative from qualitative research. (CS_RS11IIIa-4)
5. Provide examples of research in areas of interest (arts, humanities, sports,
science, business, agriculture and fisheries, information and communication
technology, and social inquiry. (CS_RS11IIIa-5)

Specific Objectives:
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Define what research is;
2. Identify the role and significance of research in daily life;
3. Explain the characteristics, processes, and ethics of research;
4. Distinguish quantitative from qualitative research; and
5. Give example of research in different areas or fields of interest.

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 What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers in a
separate sheet.
1. Which of the following is a function of research?
A. Describe B. Explain C. Predict D. All of these
2. Which of these is NOT an importance of research in our daily life?
A. Gain unessential information C. Make changes
B. Know the truth D. Safer life
3. Which of the following characteristics of research utilizes proven analytical
procedures in gathering data?
A. Analytical B. Controlled C. Empirical D. Systematic
4. Wilhelm reports the result of observation based on the gathered data in his
research. He never tried to fabricate, falsify, and misinterpret data. What ethical
principle is being shown?
A. Carefulness B. Honesty C. Integrity D. Objectivity
5. Is it important to follow the research process in conducting a research work?
A. No, for it will just add up to your stress in writing your research paper.
B. No, because you can start right away with the last step to finish the
research work in a short span of time.
C. Yes, to effectively carry out the research work and to be systematic in
writing your research paper.
D. Yes, because it is what is required.
6. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
A. Images B. Numbers C. Objects D. Words
7. What form of data is being collected in qualitative research?
I. Interview results II. Observations and Notes III. Experiment results
A. I only B. I and II C. I, II and III D. II only
8. Which importance of research is described in the statement below? “Results of
research helped us to mark out the thin line between truth and lie.”
A. To make changes C. For a safer life
B. To know the truth D. Gain essential information

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9. What area of research is employed if you wanted to study the Effectiveness of a
Newly Discovered Drug?
A. Arts B. History C. Medicine D. Sports
10. What area of research is employed if you wanted to study the behavior of
children listening to a particular genre of music?
A. Arts B. Medicine C. Psychology D.Sports
11. What characteristic of qualitative research is employed in the situation below?
“Studying real-world situation as it unfolds naturally”
A. Dynamic B. Emergent C. Naturalistic D. Purposeful
12.Which of the following refers to a detailed study of a specific subject such as
person, group, place, event and phenomenon?
A. Case Study C. Grounded Theory
B. Ethnography D. Phenomenology
13. Which of these refers to the systematic collection of data related to past
occurrences?
A. Case Study C. Grounded Theory
B. Ethnography D. Historical
14. Which of the following refers to the importance of qualitative research in Social
Work?
A. It represents the best available research on emerging problem or
application of evidence in diverse population.
B. Used in testing new ideas of product and to gain a realistic view of how
customers would react to a product.
C. Used in order for people to reach new ideas and conclusion for people to
improve their art.
D. Used to improve understanding policy changes in the field of fisheries.
15. Which of the following refers to the importance of qualitative research in Arts?
A. It represents the best available research on emerging problem or
application of evidence in diverse population.
B. Used in testing new ideas of product and to gain a realistic view of how
customers would react to a product.
C. Used in order for people to reach new ideas and conclusion for people to
improve their art.
D. Used to improve understanding policy changes in the field of fisheries.

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 Lesson
Importance of Research in
1 Daily Life
In your Junior High School, you learned that research is essential knowing
that it is used in your daily life. It will enable you for inquiry and research in finding
solutions to problems especially in real life situations. Sharing your experiences and
knowledge on the importance of research develops your skills to think critically and
relate it in every decision you do.

What’s In

A. Encircle the words in the box that are related to the definition of research.

biases Instrument theories story investigation

intuition discovery system subjective Interview
dreams experiences data phenomena guessing
productivity drama validate opinions Literature

B. Using the words underlined found in Part A, formulate your own definition of
research. Use the blanks provided.

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All meaning were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One meaning was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two meanings were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

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 What’s New

What is Inquiry – Based Learning?

Inquiry is defined as “a seeking for truth, information or knowledge”. The

information is sought through questioning. Individuals carry on the process of
inquiry from birth till death. The process of inquiry begins with gathering
information and data through applying the various human senses.
The elements of inquiry – based process is multiple, varied and open to
selection. Different factors will be involved different kinds of inquiries in different
areas of knowledge and at different levels of experience.

Activity 1 Spider Web

Direction: Complete the concept map by writing word/s related to the middle
world. After answering this, you may proceed to the next activity.

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 What is It

Research is the systematic investigation and study of materials and sources

to establish facts and reach new conclusions. When you come across studies about
events that happen or experiences that you meet, they shape people’s understanding
of the world around them. In various spheres of human life, research has come up
with developing appropriate solutions to improve the individual’s quality of life.
Although it may take place in different settings and may use different methods, a
scientific research is universally a systematic and objective search for reliable
knowledge.
Research holds the following significant data:

 To gather necessary information

 To make changes
 To improve the standard of living
 For a safer life
 To know the truth
 To explore our history
 To understand arts

RESEARCH IS LIFE...

Source: http://pubs.ugs.research.jpg./
Researchers must not simply set results and recommend actions. The
importance of research should be measured on the extent to which they are being
actually carried out.
Research is conducted in many different settings. Conducting research in an
educational setting is important in every educator’s professional life. Education in a
research is done to improve these practices. There are two basic importance of
research, to learn something or to gather evidence. To learn something is for our
benefit. It is almost impossible for a person to stop learning. Research is organized
learning looking for specific things to add to our store of knowledge.

ROLE OF RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH

 Discovery and creation of  Gather necessary information
knowledge, theory-  Improve standard of living
building  Have a safer life
 Testing, confirmation,  Know the truth
revision, and refutation of  Explore our history
knowledge as theory  Understand arts
 Advance a discipline or field
 Advancement and
improvements in various
aspects of life
 Promotion and tenure
of individuals
(Practical Research 1 for SHS by Prieto, N.G. et.al, 2019)

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 What’s More

Activity 2 You Complete Me!

Directions: Complete the concept map by writing word/s related to the middle
world. After answering this, you may proceed to the next activity.

11
 What I Have Learned

Activity 3 Let Me Identify You

Directions: Identify what type of research is being asked. Choose from the word
bank below.

1. Contributes to a better understanding of the causes of medical

conditions.
2. Increased the understanding of cultural values or social
approaches.
3. Focuses on improved techniques to ensure sustainable food
production.
4. Leads to an increased knowledge of people and their interaction
with one another.
5. Concerning the environment and economy to improve everyone’s
life.

ECONOMIC SOCIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

CULTURAL HEALTH

What I Can Do

1. What is the importance of research in your education as a 21st Century learner?

2. As a learner, what do you want to research on? Why?

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 Additional Activities

Interview your classmate or a friend about their plans after Senior High
School. Ask them how research played a major role in their chosen track or strand.
Present your output in paragraph form. Include a brief description of your
respondent, his or her attitude towards the interview and how the interview goes
along with his or her response to the interview questions.

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

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 Lesson
Characteristics, Processes &
2 Ethics of Research
Research is a process of gathering, analyzing, and interpreting
information to answer questions. A good research follows processes that must have
certain characteristic. It must be systematic, controlled, rigorous, valid, and
verifiable, empirical, and critical. To avoid unethical practices researchers had
obligations to adhere professional standards in conducting research. Thus, to
consider a research writing ethical it must be clear, accurate, just, and authentic.

What’s In

In the previous lessons, you learned the meaning of research and its
importance in your daily life. Research is different from inquiry. When you inquire
or investigate, you tend to ask questions to probe or examine something to request
for truth, information, or knowledge. The importance of research helps improved
life as well as finding a solution to problems through reliable and validated
information.

Fix Me! Rearrange the letters to form terms associated to research.

1. LETOCCL
2. EMLBORP
3. TEHSIC
4. NDSIGE
5. SECRPOS

What’s New

Characteristics of Research
Following the major definition of research as the scientific investigation of
phenomena which includes collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of
facts, strict adherence to ethical standards in planning and conducting in both
qualitative and quantitative research is most important.

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Ethics and Research

Research ethics involves the application of

fundamental ethical principles to a variety of topics
Ethical Principles:
involving research. The academic research enterprise
is built on a foundation trust. Researchers trust that  Honesty
the results reported by others are heard. Research  Objectivity
 Integrity
ethics is different throughout the various types of
 Carefulness
educational communities. Research informants  Openness
participating in individual or group interviews are  Respect for
often required to sign an informed consent form Intellectual Property
 Confidentiality
which outlines the nature of the project. They are
 Responsible publication
assured anonymity and will be referred to using  Social Responsibility
pseudonyms although there is a need to negotiate  Non-discrimination
and dialogue. It is the researcher’s ethical  Competence
 Legality
responsibility not to harm the human they are
studying; they also have a responsibility to science
and the public, as well as the future students.

Research Process

Research is a process that requires

patience and thought. There is no easy
way to make certain that you have
exhausted every resource and found best
research. Research is more of an art
rather than science.

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 Research is expected to be organized which is shown when it utilizes a
planned procedure because there is a structure or method in going about doing
research. It is also systematic when there is a definite set of procedures and steps
which will you follow. These processes are considered and selected, based on the
following factors: validity and appropriateness to the research topics; manageability
including time reserved; and safety and ethical manners.

Activity 1 Fix Me, I’m Dizzy

Directions: Unjumble the words and write them in correct order to answer the
following questions.

TEGINTYRI 1. Act with sincerity; consistency of thought and action

ENSSENPO 2. Open to criticism and new ideas

STEYHNO 3. Do not fabricate, falsify or misrepresent data

TYLIAELG 4. Obey relevant laws and government policies

OCMENCETEP 5. Maintain and improve professional expertise

VYTITIJECOB 6. Avoid or minimize bias or self – deception

7. Treating them fairly

ECTERSP
8. Keep good records of research; avoid errors
SSENERACUFL

TIONANNNODIS 9. Avoid discrimination against colleagues such sex, age

MINARIM and etc.

TITIAYDENLIFC
10. Protect confidential records or information
NO

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 What is It

You just learned the characteristics, processes, and ethics of research.

1. As a researcher, you can play the role of a member of a research team, can
you identify the processes involved in conducting research and its
characteristics? Enumerate those processes.

2. What are the various research ethics and rights of a research participant?

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

What’s More

Activity 2 Follow Me
Directions: Use the blank diagrammatic representation on page 18 in order to
enumerate the steps in conducting research.

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 3 Q ‘n A Portion
1. What is the purpose of research ethics in doing research work?

2. A research can be replicated but not the findings. Why?

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

18
 What I Can Do

Directions: Answer the following question and write your answers on a space
provided.
1. How do you characterize good research writing?

2. What is the importance of following the ethical standards in conducting a

research?

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

19
 Additional Activities

Look for a sample of local or foreign research in your own field of

specialization (internet). Evaluate the research if it follows the ethical practices in
conducting research.

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

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 Lesson Differences Between
3 Quantitative & Qualitative
Research
Research has two broad methodologies: qualitative research and quantitative
research. Quantitative and qualitative researches are complementary methods that
you can combine in your research studies to get results that are both wide-reaching
and profound. To get the best results from these methods in your research, it’s
important that you understand the differences between them which you will study
in this lesson.

What’s In

In the previous lessons, you learned that research should be systematic,

objective, feasible, empirical, and clear. These characteristics guide you in realizing
the real nature of research following the processes as well as the factors in selecting
your general problem or topic. As a researcher you need to consider the ethics and
unethical practices in conducting research.

What’s New

According to design and methodology, a research can be qualitative or

quantitative in nature and a number of approaches can be identified, some of which
are action research, ethnographic study, experimental research and participatory
research.
Qualitative research deals with designs, techniques and measures that do
not produce discrete numerical data. It involves extensive narrative data in order to
gain insights into phenomena. Quantitative research is more often associated with
hard data. This research is used to quantify – that is to put numerical equivalents to
findings. This type of research is not limited to mathematics. It quantifies attitudes,
opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables.

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 Differences of Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Source: Calmorin and Calmorin, Research Method and Thesis Writing

COMMONALITIES OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

 Empirical research is aimed at creating new knowledge.
 Research creates knowledge by observing phenomena.
 All the entities of interest like attitudes, motives and learning can be inferred
from observing what people do or say in each setting.
 All researchers are concerned about the universality of ideas or expressing an
idea in a general statement.

Activity 1: Q ‘n A Portion
Directions: Answer the questions briefly. Write your answers in a separate sheet
of paper.
1. How do you define the two designs of research: qualitative and quantitative?

2. What are the differences and similarities between these methods?

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Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

What is It

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned to differentiate quantitative from qualitative research.
1. Briefly differentiate a quantitative research from qualitative research?

2. Tell whether the following statement is a quantitative research or qualitative

research. Explain your answer.
a. Prefer for statistical summary of results.

b. Prefer for narrative summary of results.

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

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 What’s More

Direction: Using the Venn diagram below, compare and contrast Qualitative
Research from Quantitative Research following the sample rubric given.

Rubric for Venn diagram Presentation

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 What I Have Learned

Complete the box by filling out the missing description of qualitative or quantitative
research.

Qualitative Research Quantitative Research

1. Dependent on statistical tools

Uses open-ended questions 2.

Inductive in data gathering activities. 3.

4. Results oriented and highly structured

Uses more flexible processes. 5.

6. Has high output replicability.

No conclusions formulated. 8.

9. Uses large sample size.

Data analysis is subjective. 10.

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 What I Can Do

Directions: Analyze the picture below in order to identify qualitative from

quantitative.

Source: http://pubs.sgs.elephant.png./

Identify Data Types Suppose that you are a researcher studying elephants in
their natural habitat in Africa. You observe their behaviors and interaction and take
photographs of their interactions to study later. Examine the photograph of the
elephants shown above.

1. Give two examples of qualitative data that could be obtained from the photograph
of the elephants.

2. Give two examples of quantitative data that could be obtained from the
photograph of the elephants.

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Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

Additional Activities

In your cellular phone or laptop, visit youtube.com and make sure you have
a data connection in order for you to view the website bellow. Try to watch this and
enjoy watching.

Type in this site on the search bar:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jG4tQDe5ReI
look at the picture below.

27
 Lesson Types and Examples of
4 Research in Different
Areas or Fields
Developing an interest in different kinds of research will help you look into
something that affects your personality or your life in some important way. If you
are interested on a topic you are researching, you will enjoy reading and learning
about it. To clearly define the types of research in areas of interest you want to
embark, focus your scientific skills, your passion, and ideas. It supports you to
connect to your career path. The examples of research in areas of interest will lead
you to choose specific topic of your research study which you will be exploring to
create new knowledge.

What’s In

In the previous lessons, you learned about research methods to be used in

your particular field of study. Whatever methods are used, there are many resources
to support research, and any number of variations to the basic methods. Choosing a
method of research that is adaptable in your study as a learner guides you to start
deciding on what topic you want to pursue.

What’s New

Research is an academic understanding across disciplines. It involves

scholarly process of search and research. It involves observation, investigation, and
experimentation on a subject for any of the following purpose to discover new
knowledge and paradigm; to develop and improve standards and protocols; and to
test and apply theories or laws in professional practice.
To qualify as research, the process must have certain characteristics: it must
be controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid, verifiable, empirical and critical.

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Types and Examples of Research
1. Applied Research – designed to solve practical problems of the modern world,
rather than to acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake; it goals is to improve
human condition.
2. Basic Research – advances fundamental knowledge about the human world.
It focuses on refuting or supporting theories that explain how this world
operates, what makes things happen, why social relations are a certain way,
and why society change.
3. Correlational Research – systematic investigation or statistical study of
relationships among two or more variables, without necessarily determining
cause and effect. It seeks to establish a relation or association between two or
more variables that do not readily lend themselves to experimental
manipulation.
4. Descriptive Research – provides an accurate portrayal of a class or a
particular individual situation or group. It is also known as statistical
research. These studies are a means of discussing new meanings, describing
what exists, determining the frequency with which something occurs and
categorizing information.
5. Ethnographic Research - investigation of a culture through an in-depth
study of the members of the culture; it involves the systematic collection,
description, and analysis of data for development of theories of cultural
behavior.
6. Experimental Research – an objective, systematic, controlled investigation,
for the purpose of predicting and controlling phenomena, and examining
probability and causality among selected variables.
7. Exploratory Research – type conducted for a problem that has not been
clearly defined. It helps determine the best research design, data collection
method and selection of subjects. It can be informal, relying on secondary
research such as review, available literature and/or data.
8. Historical Research – involving analysis of events that occurred in the remote
or recent past. It can show patterns that occurred in the past and over time
which can help to see where we came and what kind of solutions we have used
in the past.
9. Phenomenological Research – inductive descriptive research developed
from phenomenological philosophy. Its aim is to describe an experience as it is
lived by the person. It is concerned with the study of experience from the
perspective of the individual.
10. Action Research – applications of the steps of the scientific method in the
classroom problems. This type of research is done in very limited scope. The
population to be studied is not so big. This type of research is helpful to
beginning researchers.

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Activity 1: Q ‘n A Portion
Directions: Answer the questions briefly. Write your answers on the space
provided.

1. What are those kinds of research across fields?

2. How do samples of research in different areas of interest help you in writing the
research proposal?

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

What is It

Kinds of Research across Fields

Areas of
Interest Description Example of Studies

Arts-Based Personal expression in various 1.The Role of Arts in Student

Research art forms is use as a primary Achievement in Reading
mode of inquiry

30
 2.How Classroom Artistic
Structure Motivates Learning

Research in Deals with human culture

Humanities such as philosophy, religion, 1 Values Education in the
literature, linguistics and Public Schools: Practices
history and Challenges

It includes ancient and 2. Children In-Conflict with the

modern languages, human Law: A Resolution and
geography, laws, politics and Intervention
other social sciences.

Intended for athletes to 1. Student Involvement in

Sports Research endure their health and Athletics and their Academic
wellness goals through proven Performance
high quality products. 2. Sports and Fitness Support
It helps the coaches and on Students in Public Schools
athletes to access information
and apply it to develop
programs and techniques in
sports.

Science Research Discover laws, postulates 1. Utilization of Garbage and

theories that can explain other Waste Resources as
natural or social phenomena. Cleaning Materials

Applies systematic and 2. Making of COVID -19 Cure

constructed scientific method out of Heat Transfer
to obtain, analyze and
interpret data.

A strong and testable

hypothesis is the fundamental
part of the scientific research.

Provides mathematics mastery 1. Student Difficulties in

topics and helps develops General Mathematics:
Mathematics confidence and interest to Remediation and
Research solve more mathematical Interventions
problems.

It may also assist to find new 2. A Systemic Approach to

methods to simplify Changing Classroom Practices
calculations. for Enhancing Mathematics
Outcomes

31
 Agriculture Improves productivity and 1. Green Space in School: Social
Research quality of crops irrigation, and Environment Perspective
storage methods, effective
farm management and 2. Is Urban Gardening as a
marketing of agricultural Source of Well-Being?
resources.

Agriculture is the backbone of

the economic system providing
food, raw material and
employment opportunities.

Fisheries Increase the productivity and 1. Finding a Future: Sustaining

research management of fishery Inland Fishery
resources to provide food:
protect and maintain different 2. Fishing for Change: Fishery
bodies of water for sustainable Policy in the Philippines
supply of aquatic resources.

Information and Aim to adapt current 1. The Role of ICT in the New
Communication technology advancement Normal Education
Technology which enhances development
(ICT) Research of resources. 2. Exploring the Interactive
Computer Simulation in Public
Schools

Business Acquire information in 1. Developing a Framework for

Research business to maximize the Small Scale Business
sales and profit. It aids
business companies regulates 2. Business Practices and
which product or service is Strategies of Small Enterprises
most profitable or in demand. at Limketkai Mall

Finds solutions for human 1. The Impact of COVID-19

Social Science behavior gathering Pandemic on Employment
Research information about people and Opportunities
societies.
2. Implementation of Enhanced
Community Quarantined in
Low Risk Area of Misamis
Oriental.
(Source: Abdullah, S.N. (2018), Practical Research 1-Qualitative.ppt)

32
Discussion of Activity 1

You just learned the kinds and samples of research in areas of interest. Answer
the following questions on the space provided.

1. What are your views in using the samples of the research papers presented
previously in areas of your interest?

2. Write your qualitative research proposal through the use of such pattern from the
sample research paper.

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

33
 What’s More

Directions: Identify the types of research design described in the items below.

1. Applications of the steps of the scientific method in the classroom

problems

2. Its aim is to describe an experience as it is actually lived by the

person.

3. It can show patterns that occurred in the past and over time which
can help to see where we came and what kind of solutions we have
used in the past.

4. It helps determine the best research design, data collection

method and selection of subjects.

5. An objective, systematic, controlled investigation, for the purpose

of predicting and controlling phenomena, and examining
probability and causality among selected variables.

6. Investigation of a culture through an in-depth study of the

members of the culture.

7. It is also known as statistical research.

8. It seeks to establish a relation or association between two or more

variables that do not readily lend themselves to experimental
manipulation.

9. It focuses on refuting or supporting theories that explain how this

world operates, what makes things happen, why social relations
are a certain way, and why society change.

10. Designed to solve practical problems of the modern world, rather

than to acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake; it goals is to
improve human condition

34
 What I Have Learned

Identify the specific area of interest for each given topic by writing the letter
of each type in the correct column. Likewise, below the letter representing your
answer, write the importance of such research in your daily life.

Arts-Based Humanities Science ICT Business

A. Digital Age
B. Child in Conflict with the Law
C. Classroom Environment
D. Herbal Medicines
E. Financial Management

What I Can Do

Look research conducted across fields. Identify the similarities and

differences in the processes used in conducting the research. Show two examples of
research in different field and determine their similarities and differences.

35
 Rubric for Venn diagram Presentation

Additional Activities

Think of your own topic for research which you would like to work on. Keep
in mind what you have learned from this lesson to justify the specific research type
for each chosen topic. Write your “top two” most interesting topics below.
1)

2)

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

36
 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers in a separate
sheet.
1. Which of the following is NOT an importance of research?
A. It helps us develop the right attitude to not believe in anything easily.
B. It gives as light to inquire for the right information
C. It empowers us with knowledge and new learning
D. None of these
2. Which importance of research is described in the statement below? “Results of
research helped us to mark out the thin line between truth and lie.”
A. Gain essential information C. To know the truth
B. To make changes D. For a safer life
3. Which importance of research is described in the statement below? Research
creates change as a result of intense study on exiting knowledge and policy.”
A. To make changes C. For a safer life
B. To know the truth D. Gain essential information
4. Which of the following refers to the characteristic of research to be orderly based
on procedures and principles?
A. Analytical B. Controlled C. Empirical D. Systematic
5. What characteristic of research is shown in the statement below? “Research is
based on direct experience by the researcher.”
A. Analytical B. Controlled C. Empirical D. Systematic
6. What ethical principle in research refers to being open to criticism and new ideas?
A. Integrity B. Honesty C. Objectivity D. Openness
7. Which if the following does not belong to the group?
A. Behavior B. Complexities C. Qualities D. Quantities
8. What type of questions are often times asked in a qualitative type of research?
A. Why and How C. Why and How many
B. How many and What D. None of these
9. What area of interest should you focus if you want to determine statistical profiles
of the Philippine population in the past years?
A. Arts B. History C. Psychology D. Sports

37
10. What area of interest should you focus if you want to determine the relationship
between sales and advertisement?
A. Agriculture B. Business C. ICT D. Social Science
11.What characteristic of qualitative research refers to the ability to seek
understanding without judgement?
A. Emphatic Neutrality C. Dynamic Systems
B. Personal Experience D. Unique Case Orientation
12.Which kind of qualitative research refers to an inductive technique developed for
health-related topics?
A. Case Study C. Ethnography
B. Grounded Theory D. Historical Research
13. Which kind of qualitative research refers to the systematic collection and
objective evaluation of data related to past occurrence?
A. Case Study C. Ethnography
B. Grounded Theory D. Historical Research
14. Which kind of qualitative research refers to a detailed study of a specific subject
such as person, group, place and organization?
A. Case Study C. Ethnography
B. Grounded Theory D. Historical Research
15. Which kind of qualitative research refers to a method often used in social
sciences to gather data on human societies or cultures?
A. Case Study C. Ethnography
B. Grounded Theory D. Historical Research

38
References
A. Books
Almeida, Adelaida B., et. al. (2016). Research fundamentals from concept to
output: a guide for researchers and thesis writers. Quezon City: Adriana
Printing Co., Inc.

Buensuceso, Dondon B. et. al. (2016). 1st Ed. Practical research 1 teacher’s
guide. Pasig City: Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources

Prieto, Nelia G., et. al. (2017). Practical research 1 for senior high school.
Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

B. Unpublished Learning Modules

Cortez, Shiahari I., (2019). Module in Practical Research 2 (Quantitative Research)

C. Websites
Hansen, K. (n.d.) Identifying research. Retrieved on June 19, 2020 from
http://www/mycollege.successtory.com

Qualitative Research (2015) Retrieved on July 4, 2020 from

http://www.qrca.org/?page=typesqualresearch

The Importance of Research (n.d.). Retrieved on July 29, 2020 from

http://www.uniteforsight.org/research_methodology/module

39
 Answer Key

What I Know

1. D 6. B 11. C
2. A 7. B 12. A
3. A 8. A 13. D
4. B 9. B 14. A
5. C 10. C 15. C

Assessment

1. D 6. D 11. A
2. C 7. D 12. B
3. A 8. A 13. C
4. D 9. B 14. D
5. C 10. B 15. C

Lesson 1
What’s In (sample
answer) A.

theories story investigation biases Instrument

system subjective Interview intuition discovery
assessment phenomena Guessing dreams experiences
validate opinions Literature productivity drama

B.

Research is systematic procedure, validating the investigation of theories and

opinions from a discovery or phenomena. Information is gathered through literature
and instrument as tools. It improves productivity.

40
What’s New
Activity 1 Spider Web
RESEARCH (in any order) INQUIRY (in any order)
Find Review
Exploration Analysis
Search Inquest
Inquiry Autopsy
Examination Survey
Study investigation

What’s More
Activity 2 You Complete Me
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH ROLE OF RESEARCH
Discovery and creation of knowledge,
Gather necessary information theory- building
Testing, confirmation, revision, and
Improve standard of living refutation of knowledge as theory
Have a safer life Advance a discipline or field
Advancement and improvements in
Know the truth various aspects of life
Explore our history Promotion and tenure of individuals
Understand arts

What I Have Learned

Activity 3 Let Me Identify You
1. Health 4. Social
2. Environmental 5. Economic
3. Cultural

What Can I Do
*** Answers may vary

Lesson 2
What’s In What’s More

1. COLLECT 1. Define research problem

2. PROBLEM 2. Review of literature
3. ETHICS 3. Formulate hypothesis
4. DESIGN 4. Preparing the research design
5. PROCESS 5. Data collection
6. Data analysis
7. Interpretation and report writing

41
What’s New
1. INTEGRITY 6. OBJECTIVITY
2. OPENNESS 7. RESPECT
3. HONESTY 8. CAREFULNESS
4. LEGALITY 9. NON - DISCRIMINATION
5. COMPETENCE 10. CONFIDENTIALITY

What Is It
Discussion of Activity 1 (answers may vary)

What I Have Learned

Activity 4 Q’nA Portion (answers may vary)

What Can I Do
***answers may vary

Lesson 3
Activity 1: Q ‘n A Portion (answers may vary)

Discussion of Activity 1 (answers may vary)

What Is It (answers may vary)

What’s More

Qualitative Research Quantitative Research

Similarities
Natural Both are rigorous Dependent
Setting & uses textual on
form in data statistical
analysis

Rubric for Venn diagram Presentation

42
 What I Have Learned (answers may vary)

What Can I Do (answers may vary)

Rubrics:
SCORE CRITERIA FOR SCORING
5 All sentences were related to the overall idea presented.
4 One sentence was related to the overall idea presented.
3 Two sentences were not related to the overall idea presented.
2 Information lacked clarity and accuracy.
1 Lacked focus on the topic.

Lesson 4
Activity 1: Q ‘n A Portion (answers may vary)

Discussion of Activity 1 (answers may vary) What’s

More
1. Action Research 6. Ethnographic Research
2. Phenomenological Research 7. Descriptive Research
3. Historical Research 8. Correlational Research
4. Exploratory Research 9. Basic Research
5. Experimental Research 10. Applied Research
What I Have Learned
Arts-Based Humanities Science ICT Business

A, C A, B D A E

A. Digital Age
B. Child in Conflict with the Law
C. Classroom Environment
D. Herbal Medicines
E. Financial Management

What I Can Do (answers may vary)

43
44