22ME403

XX
Model Question Paper-1with effect from 2022-23 (CBCS Scheme)
USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination

FLUID MECHANICS
TIME: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 100
Note: 01.Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each MODULE.
02. M: Marks, L: Blooms Level, C: Course outcomes
03. Assume missing data suitably

Module-1 M L C

Q.01 a Define the following properties of fluids and mention their SI Units:
(i) Weight Density
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(ii) Surface Tension
(iii) Kinematic Viscosity
b The dynamic viscosity of oil used for lubrication between a shaft and sleeve is
6poise. The shaft is of diameter 0.4m. It rotates at 190 rpm. Calculate the
8 L3
power lost in the bearing for a sleeve length of 90mm. The thickness of the oil CO1
film is 1.5mm.
c A simple manometer is used to measure the pressure of oil (s = 0.8) flowing in
a pipeline. Its right limb is open to the atmosphere and the left limb is
connected to the pipe. The centre of the pipe is 90mm below the level of 6 L3 CO1
mercury in the right limb. If the difference of mercury level in the two limbs is
150mm, determine the absolute pressure of oil in the pipe in KPa.
OR
Q.02 a Distinguish between: (i) Absolute pressure (ii) Gauge pressure (iii) Gauge
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vacuum (iv) Atmospheric pressure. Indicate their relative positions on a chart.
b Derive an expression for the total pressure and the depth of centre of pressure
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for an inclined surface submerged in water.
c A square plate of diagonal 1.5m is immersed in water with its diagonal vertical
and upper corner 0.5m below the free surface of water. Find the hydrostatic
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force on the plate and the depth of centre of pressure from free surface of
water.
Module-2
Q.03 a Define the following types of flow:
(i) Steady and unsteady flow
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(ii) Laminar and turbulent flow
(iii) Compressible and Incompressible flow
b Derive the general three dimensional continuity equation in Cartesian
coordinates and then reduce it to the continuity equation for steady, three 8 L3 CO2
dimensional incompressible flow.
c The velocity components in a two dimensional flow field for an
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incompressible fluid are expressed as

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 22ME403
3
u
y
 2x  x 2 y
XX
3
x3
v  xy 2  2 y 
3
Obtain an expression for stream function
OR
Q.04 a Define Reynolds Number. Explain its significance in fluid flow 4 L2 CO2
b Derive an expression for the velocity distribution and shear stress distribution
for the viscous flow through a circular pipe. Also sketch the velocity 8 L3 CO2
distribution and shear stress distribution across a section of the pipe.
c Water at 150C flows between two large parallel plates at a distance of 1.6 mm
apart. Determine (i) the maximum velocity (ii) the pressure drop per unit
8 CO2
length and (iii) the shear stress at the walls of the plates if the average velocity L3
is 0.2 m/s. the viscosity of water at 150C is given as 0.01 poise.
Module-3
Q.05 a Derive Euler’s equation of motion along a stream line. Obtain Bernoulli’s
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equation from Euler’s equation. Mention the assumptions made.
b Derive an expression for discharge over a triangular notch. 6 L3 CO3
c A horizontal venturimeter with inlet diameter 20 cm and throat diameter 10
cm is used to measure the flow of water. The pressure at inlet is 17.658 N/cm2
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and the vacuum pressure at the throat is 30 cm of Hg. Find the discharge of
water through venturi meter. Take Cd = 0.98.
OR
Q.06 a Using Impulse Momentum equation, derive the expressions for the force
exerted by the jet of fluid on a vane with the following cases:
(i) Flat fixed vane 6 L3 CO3
(ii) Symmetrical fixed curved vane with the jet striking the vane at the
centre
b Derive Darcy - Weisbach equation for the loss of head due to friction in a pipe
8 L3 CO3
flow.
c In a pipe of diameter 400 mm and length 100 mm, water is flowing at a
velocity of 3.5 m/s. Find the head loss due to friction using (i) Darcy – 6 L3 CO3
Weisbach formula (ii) Chezy’s formula for which c = 55.

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 22ME403
Module-4 XX
Q.07 a Briefly explain what is meant by Boundary layer and hence define the
6 L2 CO4
following: (i) Boundary layer thickness (ii) Displacement thickness
b Explain the following terms: (i) Drag (ii) Lift 6 L2 CO4
c Experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel with a wind speed of 50km per
hour on a flat plate 1m long and 1m wide. The density of air in 1.15 kg/m3.
The plate is kept at such an angle that coefficient of lift and drag are 0.75 and 8 L3 CO4
0.15 respectively. Determine (i) Lift force (ii) Drag force (iii) Resultant force
(iv) Power exerted by air stream on the plate.
OR
Q.08 a Explain the following terms:
(i) Geometric similarity
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(ii) Kinematic similarity
(iii) Dynamic similarity
b What do you mean by repeating variables? How are the repeating variables
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selected in dimensional analysis?
c Assuming that the rate of discharge Q of a hydraulic machine is dependent
upon the mass density ρ of the fluid, speed of the machine N, diameter of the
impeller D, pressure P and viscosity μ. Show using Buckingham’s −theorem that
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 P µ 
Q  ND   2 2 ,
3

ρN D ρND2
where H being the head and  the Kinematic viscosity of the fluid.
Module-5
Q.09 a Derive expressions for the sonic velocity in a compressible fluid medium for
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(i) Isothermal process (ii) Adiabatic process.
b Define Mach Number Explain its importance in Compressible fluid flow. 6 L2 CO5
c A supersonic aircraft flies at an attitude of 1.8 km where the temperature is
4oC. Determine the speed of the aircraft if its sound is heard 4 seconds after its 6 L3 CO5
passage over the head of an observer. Take R=287J/Kg K, =1.4.
OR
Q.10 a Define and write the expressions for
(i) stagnation enthalpy
(ii) stagnation temperature 8 L2 CO5
(iii) stagnation pressure
(iv) stagnation density
b What is CFD? What are its applications and limitations? 6 L2 CO5
c Write a note on components of CFD and its reliability.
6 L2 CO5

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 22ME403
XX
Model Question Paper-2with effect from 2022-23 (CBCS Scheme)
USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination

FLUID MECHANICS
TIME: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 100
Note: 01.Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each MODULE.
02. M: Marks, L: Blooms Level, C: Course outcomes
03. Assume missing data suitably

Module-1 M L C

Q.01 a Explain the phenomenon of Capillarity. Obtain an expression for the capillary
6 L3 CO1
rise of a liquid.
b The space between two square parallel plates is filled with an oil of relative
density 0.95. Each side of the plate is 60cm. The thickness of the oil film is
12.5mm. It requires a force of 100N to move the upper plate at a velocity of 8 L3
CO1
2.5m/s relative to the lower fixed plate. Determine: (i) the dynamic viscosity
of oil in Pa-s (ii) kinematic viscosity of oil.
c A U-tube manometer is used to measure the pressure of water in a pipeline
which is in excess of atmospheric pressure. The right limb of the manometer
contains mercury and is open to atmosphere. The contact between water and
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mercury is in the left limb. Determine the pressure of water in the mainline if
the difference in the level of mercury in the limbs of U tube is 10cm and the
free surface of mercury is in level with the centre of the pipe.
OR
Q.02 a State and prove Pascal’s law. 6 L3 CO1
b Show that the centre of pressure lies below the centre of gravity when the
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immersed surface is vertical.
c A triangular plate of 1m base and 1.5m altitude is immersed in water. The
plane of the plate is inclined at 300 with free water surface and the base is
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parallel to and at a depth of 2m from water surface. Find the total pressure on
the plate and the position of centre of pressure.
Module-2
Q.03 a Define: (i) Path line (ii) Stream line (iii) Streak line (iv) Streak tube 8 L1 CO2
b Differentiate between local and convective acceleration of a fluid. Write the
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expressions for acceleration of a fluid in x, y and z directions.
 
c The velocity potential in a flow field is given by   2 ln x 2  y 2 . Show that
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it represents a possible case of fluid flow.
OR
Q.04 a Prove that the velocity distribution for viscous flow between two parallel
plates when both plates are fixed across a section is parabolic in nature. Also 10 L3 CO2
prove that maximum velocity is equal to one and a half times the average

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 22ME403
velocity. XX
b A lubricating oil of viscosity 1 poise and specific gravity 0.9 is pumped
through a 30mm diameter pipe. If the pressure drop per meter length of pipe is
20 kPa, Determine (i) the mass flow rate in kg/min, (ii) the shear stress at the 10 L3 CO2
pipe wall, (iii) the Reynolds number of flow, (iv) the power required per 50m
length of the pipe to maintain the flow.
Module-3
Q.05 a Which are the forces considered to be acting on the fluid whenever the fluid is
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in motion?
b Derive the expression for the rate of flow of fluid through a horizontal
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Venturimeter
c A pipeline carrying oil of specific gravity 0.87 changes in diameter from
200mm at a position A to 500mm at a position B which is 4m at higher level.
If the pressure at A and B are 10N/cm2 and 6N/cm2 respectively and discharge 8 L3 CO3
is 200litres/s, determine the loss of head and indicate the direction of fluid
flow.
OR
Q.06 a Write the Momentum equation. Mention the different applications of
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Momentum equation.
b Derive Chezy’s formula for the head loss due to friction in a pipe. 8 L3 CO3
c Derive an expression for the loss of head due to to the sudden enlargement in
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the pipe.
Module - 4
Q. 07 a Find the displacement thickness and the momentum thickness for the velocity
u y
distribution in the boundary layer given by  , where u is the velocity at
U 
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a distance y from the plate and u=U at y=, where =boundary layer thickness.
*
Also calculate the value of .

b Explain the following terms: (i) Drag (ii) Lift (iii) Friction drag (iv) Pressure
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drag.
c A man descends to the ground from an aero plane with the help of a parachute
which is hemispherical having a diameter of 4 m against the resistance of air
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with a uniform velocity of 25 m/s. Find the weight of the man if the weight of
the parachute is 9.81 N. Take CD = 0.6 and density of air = 1.25 kg/m3.
OR

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 22ME403
Q.08 a Define the following dimensionless numbers: XX
(i) Reynolds number
(ii) Froude’s number
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(iii) Euler’s number
(iv) Weber’s number
(v) Mach number.
b The resisting force R of a supersonic plane during flight can be considered as
dependent upon the length of the aircraft l, velocity V, air viscosity μ, air
density ρ and bulk modulus of air K. Express the functional relationship 10 L3 CO4
between these variables and resisting force. Use Buckingham’s π theorem
method.
Module-5
Q.09 a Derive an expression for the velocity of a sound wave in terms of change of
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pressure and change of density.
b Differentiate between stagnation and static state. 4 L2 CO5
c Compute the velocity of a bullet fired in still air and Mach number when the
Mach angle is 300. Take R = 0.28714 kJ/kgK and  = 1.4. Assume air 8 L3 CO5
temperature to be 150c.
OR
Q.10 a Derive the expressions for stagnation temperature and stagnation pressure in
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terms of Mach number.
b Mention the advantages and disadvantages of CFD. 6 L2 CO5
c What are the steps involved in solving a CFD problem? Explain.
6 L2 CO5

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