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    Polity 2nd Lecture

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    Constitutent assembly

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    Polity 2nd Lecture

    Uploaded by

    saniyatanwar09
    9 views10 pages
    Constitutent assembly

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    polity 2nd lecture

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    Constitutent assembly

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views10 pages

    Polity 2nd Lecture

    Uploaded by

    saniyatanwar09
    Constitutent assembly

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    ALIG FOUNDATION

    POLITY LECTURE - 2
    Constituent Assembly
    Constituent assembly was formed on the basis of
    cabinet mission plan which came to India in 1946.

    M N Roy was the first Indian who came with the idea of
    constituent assembly in 1934.

    INC, in 1935 first time officially demanded a


    constituent assembly. After that it was proposed by
    British government many time like in August offer,
    wavel plan and crips mission but finally it was formed by
    cabinet mission plan in 1946.

    Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)


    • The members of the Cabinet Mission were:
    1. Lord Pethick Lawrence
    2. Sir Stafford Cripps
    3. A.V Alexander
    • It arrived in New Delhi on 24 March 1946.
    It Published its plan on 16 May 1946.
    • The features of the scheme were

    Composition of the constituent Assembly


    The total strength of Constituent Assembly was 389,
    out of which 296 seats were allotted to provinces (11)
    and 4 commissioners and 93 seats to princely states.
    The allocation of seats was done on the basis of
    population.
    296 from provinces and commissioners were to be
    elected by members of legislative Assembly and other
    members (indirectly elected) and remaining were
    nominated by head of princely state.
    However 93 seats of princely were not filled because
    princely state decided not to participate in constituent
    assembly
    a) The total strength of the Constituent Assembly – 389
    389
    Elected (296) Nominated (93)
    British India (296) Princely States (93)
    292 (11 Governor’s Provinces)
    4 (Chief Commissioner’s Province’s
    Delhi, Ajmer, Coorg & Baluchistan

    NOTE:- Seats allocated to each British Province were to


    be divided among the three principal
    communities
    a. Muslims
    b. Sikhs
    c. General (all except Muslims and Sikhs), in
    proportion to their population.

    Election of Constituent Assembly


    The Constituent Assembly was to be partly elected and
    partly nominated body.
    The elections to the Constituent Assembly (for 296
    seats) were held in July August
    1946.
    296
    208 (Congress)
    73 (Muslim League)
    15 (Small Groups & Independents)

    KEY POINTS
    • Indian national Congress won 208 seats.
    • The Muslim league won 73 seats.
    • Small groups and independents won remaining 15
    seats.

    Working of the constituent Assembly


    9 December 1946
    The constituent assembly held its first meeting on 9
    December 1946 in national library(which is now
    central hall of parliament)
    Dr. Sachidanand Sinha, oldest member of assembly was
    appointed as the president of constituent assembly.

    December 1946
    Later, on 11 December 1946, Rajendar Prasad
    appointed as President and HC Mukherji as Vice
    President.
    Sir B N Rau was appointed as Constitutional advisor
    of the assembly

    13 December 1946
    • Jawaharlal Nehru moved the ‘Objective Resolution’
    in the Constituent Assembly

    22 January 1947
    • Objective Resolution was unanimously adopted by
    the Constituent Assembly.

    Major Committees
    Union Power Committee - J.L. Nehru
    Union Constitution Committee - J.L. Nehru
    Provincial Constitution Committee - Sardar Patel
    Drafting Committee - Dr. BR Ambedkar
    Fundamental Rights Committee - Sardar Patel
    Steering Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad
    Order and Business Committee - K M Munshi

    Drafting Committee
    Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting
    Committee.
    Drafting committee consisted of seven members,
    namely:
    1) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
    2) N. Gopalaswamy Ayyangar
    3) Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar
    4) Dr. K. M. Munshi
    5) Syed Mohammad Saadulla
    6) N. Madhava Rau
    • 7) T. T. Krishnamachari (He replaced D. P. Khaitan

    22 July 1947
    • The Constituent Assembly adopted the national flag.
    It was designed by Pingali Venkayya.

    15 August 1947
    • India achieved independence.
    As a result of the partition under the Mountbatten
    Plan of 3 June, 1947, a separate Constituent
    Assembly was set up for Pakistan and
    representatives of some Provinces ceased to be
    members of the Assembly. As a result, the
    membership of the Assembly was reduced to 299.

    Independence of India
    (15 August 1947)
    389 (Before) 299 (After)
    296 British India 229 Indian Province
    93 Princely States 70 Princely States

    Constituent Assembly
    To make Constitution
    President – Rajendera Prashad
    To make law
    President – G.V. Mavlankar
    It adopted the national anthem and national song on
    January 24, 1950. It also elected Rajendra Prasad as
    first president on same date.

    The Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949.


    It contained a Preamble, 395 Article and 8 Schedules.

    The Constitution of India came in force on 26


    January 1950.

    Dr.B R Ambedkar, then the law minister drafted


    Indian Constitution. He is recognised as the "father of
    the Constitution of India" and also known as modern
    “Manu."

    It is lengthiest written Constitution unlike the


    unwritten Constitution of Britain.

    It is drawn from various sources like-


    Parliamentary system, Rule of law, Single
    Citizenship from Britain.
    Fundamental rights, Judicial review, Impeachment
    of President from USA
    Federation with strong center from Canada
    Emergency from Weimer Constitution of Germany
    Fundamental duties from USSR(now Russia)

    In 1950 when Constitution was came in force, it have


    395 Articles, grouped in 22 parts and 8 schedules but
    now it have 448 articles grouped in 25 parts and 12
    Schedules.
    26 Jan 1950
    Constitution of India came into force.
    It was on this day in 1930 that Poorna Swaraj day was
    celebrated.

    Other important facts


    The original Constitution of India was handwritten by
    Prem Behari Narain Raizada.
    The original Constitution is handwritten, with each page
    uniquely decorated by artists from Shantiniketan
    including Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and Nandalal
    Bose.
    The Calligraphy of the Hindi version of the original
    Constitution was done by Vasant Krishan Vaidya.
    Total time – 2 years, 11 months and 18 days.
    Total expenditure approx.Rs.64 lakh (63,96,729)

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