Rus MO402
Rus MO402
Rus MO402
Fourth Round
Grade 8
First Day
Second Day
5. Given a four-digit natural number, one can increase two adjacent digits by 1 if
none of them is 9, or decrease two adjacent digits by 1 if none of them is 0. Is it
possible to turn number 1234 into number 2002 by applying such operations?
6. Each side of a convex quadrilateral is prolonged on both sides, all the eight pro-
longations being segments of equal length. Suppose that the second endpoints
of these eight segments lie on a circle. Prove that the initial quadrilateral is a
square.
7. An observer at a highway sees three cars moving with a constant speed: a
Moskwich and a Zaporozhets, and a Niva moving towards them. When the
Moskwich passes by the observer, it is equidistant from the other two cars; and
when the Niva passes by the observer, it is equidistant from the other two cars.
Show that, when Zaporozhets passes by the observer, it is also equidistant from
the other two cars. (At the considered moments, the two equidistant cars are on
the opposite sides of the observer.)
8. Among 18 pieces, some three weigh 99g each, while the others weigh 100g each.
Determine the lighter pieces in two measurings on a balance with a scale.
First Day
Second Day
Grade 10
First Day
Second Day
Grade 11
First Day
1. Real numbers x and y are such that x p + yq is rational for any different odd primes
p, q. Show that x and y are rational.
2. The altitude of a quadrilateral pyramid SABCD passes through the intersection
of the diagonals of the base ABCD. The perpendiculars AA1 , BB1 ,CC1 , DD1
are dropped onto the edges SC, SD, SA, SB, respectively. Suppose that the
points S, A1, B1 ,C1 , D1 are distinct and lie on a sphere. Show that the lines
AA1 , BB1 ,CC1 , DD1 pass through a single point.
4. An infinite square grid is colored with n2 colors so that all unit squares in any
n × n square are of different colors. It is known that any infinite row contains all
the colors. Show that there is an infinite column containing exactly n colors.
Second Day
5. Let P(x) be a polynomial of an odd degree. Prove that the equation P(P(x)) = 0
has at least as many different real roots as the equation P(x) = 0 does.
6. On the plane are given n > 1 points (in a general position). Two players alter-
nately connect two non-connected points by an arbitrarily oriented vector. The
second player wins if, after several moves, all drawn vectors sum up to 0; other-
wise, the first player wins. Who can force a victory?
7. Let lA , lB , lC , lD be the outer bisectors of the angles of a convex quadrilateral
ABCD. The lines lA and lB meet at K, lB and lC at L, lC and lD at M, and lD and
lA at N. Prove that if the circumcircles of triangles ABK and CDM are externally
tangent, then so are the circumcircles of triangles BCL and DAN.
8. On the segment [0, N], the endpoints and two more points are marked so that
the lengths of the three segments into which the segment [0, N] is divided are
integers with the greatest common divisor 1. If A and B are two marked points
whose distance is a multiple of 3, then we can divide the segment AB into three
equal parts, mark one of the division points and unmark one of the points A, B. Is
it true that we can mark any given integer point on the segment AB with several
such operations?