-

Instituted in 1947, the Delco-Remy Service School

makes available factory training in the operation,

repair and maintenance of Delco- Remy equip-

ment. Representatives of Un ited Motors, UM S

Distributors, Aeet operators and personnel from

the service departments of Delco-Remy customers

make constant use of these facilities.
DELCO-REMY Generator Regulators
With few exceptions, all standard duty regulators are of
one size and design. Heavy duty regulators have many
different designs and vary in size with the number of
units required. This discussion will be limited to the
standard duty type of circuit and construction.

The basic function of a generator regulator is not gen-

erally understood by car operators or service men. Its
operation is comparatively simple as it has only one job
to do. Regardless of the manufacturer or type of circuit,
or whether third brush, two stage, vibrating points, or
carbon pile type of control is being used, the regulation

CUTOUT RELAY REGULATOR

Delco-Remy generator regulators are grouped into two BA fTERY

general c1assjfications called standard duty and heavy

duty. Actually, some standard duty types may be used
for heavy duty service. The real difference between the

=\1
T•••••...
REGU~
of generator voltage or current output is accomplished
only by varying the strength of the generator magnetic
field. Putting the required resistance in series with the
field circuit at the right time is all that is needed to obtain
satisfactory regulation. There are, of course, refinements-
in methods of changing the effective field resistance, which
determine the excellence of the final results.

~ By looking at a circuit diagram of a regulator, it will be

found that there are three distinct paths for current flow.
Starting with the generator armature, the charging circuit
carries the generator output to the battery when the
relay points are closed, and from the battery ground back
to the ground of the generator. The field circuit {)f the
standard duty regulator starts at the armature, goes
two types is in the method of connecting the regulator through the generator field coils, through the regulator
into the field circuit. In the standard duty type generator points to ground, and returns to the generator ground
regulators, the generator field circuit is traced from the completing the field circuit. Operating circuits consist
insulated brush through the field coils, then through the of voltage windings connected directly across the gener-
regulator and grounded at the regulator base. In the ator armature and impressed with generator voltage at
heavy duty type generator regulators, the generator field all times, or series windings which are current sensitive
circuit is traced from the insulated brush through the and used for current control. The function of an operat-
regulator, then through the generator field coils and ing circuit is to attract a hinged armature when the mag-
grounded inside the generator. netic strength of the core is great enough to Overcome
1
DELe O-REMY GENERATOR REGULATORS

THE CUTOUT RELAY-

ARM. ./
,- " GRD.
GENERATOR BUILD·UP

-----~---t~ ;J---------
"'.."
C. B. VOLTAGE COIL

V. R. VOLTAGE COIL
C. R. C. B.
COIL COIL

C.B. CONTACTS IIIII

BATTERY
c. R.
CONTACTS

V. R. CONTACTS

REGULATING RESISTANCE

spring tension holding the armature away. The operation

of these armatures controls the closing and opening of In all automotive type D.C. generator circuits, a cutout
the charging circuit in the case of the relay, and the relay is used. Its points are open when the generator is
addition or removal of resistance in the field circuit in not operating, thus preventing the battery from discharg-
the case of a current or voltage regulator. ing through the generator. When the generator begins to
operate, voltage builds up in the two relay windings, the
current winding and the voltage winding, and this cre-
ates two magnetic fields which, working together, over-
,- come the armature spring tension and close the points.
---------~~
./

, '~
r~---------
...•.
GRD.

The voltage winding is the working coil and does most

of the work in attracting the armature. With the points
closed, the circuit between the generator and the battery
is complete. Current flowing from the generator to the
battery passes through the current winding of the relay
in the right direction to add to the magnetism holding the
points closed.

When the generator slows or stops, and the battery

voltage is higher than the generator voltage, current flows
REGULATING RESISTANCE
from the battery to the generator. It flows through the
voJtage winding in the same direction as before, but the
direction of current flow through the current winding is
The importance of understanding these three circuits can- reversed, and this causes the magnetic fields of the two
not be stressed too strongly. All trouble shooting depends windings to oppose each other. As a result, the total mag-
upon knowing where to look when certain conditions are netic field is no longer strong enough to hold the arma-
indicated. It is also necessary to trace all circuits in one ture down and the spring tension pulls the armature
way regardless of system polarity or battery ground. away from the winding core and the points open, break-
Always start with the source of supply (in this case the ing the circuit between the battery and the generator.
generator armature) and trace through to the other
side of the circuit, which in most cases is the ground, but For some years the low output, third brush generator
which may be a common wire return as used on insulated provided ample current to meet all requirements. But as
systems. Tracing circuits in this manner will always in- heaters, defrosters, radios and other electrical accessories
sure that the aiding and opposing effects of the various were added to the passenger car, additional generator
windings,. to attract or release a movable armature will .output became necessary. Generator output was increased
be correctly determined. ' to handle the higher current demands.
2
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATO R REGULATO RS

With increased generator output, it was necessary to is due to the fact that the opposing or "counter" voltage
provide additional control or regulation of the generator of the battery increases as the battery comes up to charge.
in order to protect the car battery and electrical system. A constant system voltage becomes less and less able to
A high charging rate to a charged battery was normal overcome the growing opposition and to force a charging
operation on a straight third brush type of generator and current into the battery. To keep the voltage of the
this caused the battery to gas and overheat. With these circuit at a constant value, another magnetic switch, the
Voltage Regulator, was introduced.

t·

conditions the battery required frequent additions of The voltage regulator, like the cutout relay, has two
water to maintain the electrolyte level, and. battery life windings. The voltage, or shunt, winding carries full sys-
was shortened. tem voltage at all times. It is the working coil and does
the work of attracting the armature. The field current or
In addition, overcharging tends to force the voltage to accelerator winding carries the generator field current di-
an excessively high value, so that high voltage is pro- rectly to ground when the contact points of the regulator
duced in the electrical system. High voltage burns out
light bulbs and radio tubes, and shortens the life of the
ignition coil, distributor contact points and other electrical
units.

are held closed by spring tension. As the battery ap-

proaches a charged condition the system voltage increases,
and the two windings build up sufficient magnetic strength
To avoid high voltage and excessive current, the voltage to overcome the spring tension and separate the points.
of the charging circuit must be limited as the battery When the points open, the generator field current must
approaches charge. The battery will actually regulate its flow through a resistance to ground, and this causes the
own charge, within certain temperature limitations, if generator output to drop off. The instant the points open,
the voltage in the circuit is kept at a constant value. This current stops flowing through the field current winding
3
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR R EGU LATO RS

VOLTAGE REGULATORS ARE

COMPENSATED FOR TEMPERATURE

of the regulator and its magnetic field collapses. This, and

the weakening of the voltage winding magnetic field as
the generator output drops off, reduces the total mag- ture down would require a high voltage on a voltage
netic field to a point where the spring tension once more sensitive winding and this is not desirable. Delco-Remy
causes the contact points to come together. The generator regulators are compensated for this temperature effect by
field circuit is thus again grounded directly, and the out- means of a bi-metal thermostatic hinge on the armature.
put increases. This cycle is repeated from 50 to 200 times
The bi-metal hinge appears to be made of a thin sheet
of spring steel; actually it is made of two thin layers of
different metals fused together. These metals are differ-
ent in that one has little expansion, the other has a large
expansion due to heat. The thermostatic action takes
place then as the hinge becomes hot, one side expands
more than the other causing it to bend.

This type hinge applied to the regulator armature tries

to bend as the temperature goes up and reduces the
spring tension. Spring tension change compensates for
the increased resistance of the copper windings as tem-
perature goes up and the regulator will now operate at
the same or slightly lower voltage.

The output of a shunt generator does not have the "taper

off" at high speeds characteristic of the third brush
generator, so some other form of current limiting device
a second, causing a vibrating action of the armature which is necessary.
holds the voltage to a practically constant value. Any
winding other than the working winding on a regulator The unit adopted to perform this function is the current
core is used for the purpose of speeding up the rate regulator, another magnetic switch which operates in
of armature vibration, thereby reducing the amount of the charging circuit to protect the generator from over-
surge when the armature points close. load by limiting its output to a safe value. The current
regulator is mounted on the same base as the cutout
All operating windings of the regulator, being wound relay and the voltage regulator, and all are enclosed by
with copper wire, increase in resistance as they become the same cover.
hot. To obtain the same ampere turns to pull the arma-

4
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR REGULATORS

~
..
\

The single winding of the current regulator is composed

of heavy wire because it carries all of the generator out-
put. The contact points of the current regulator directly
ground the generator field when they are closed. The out temperature compensation, whether the regulator is
spring tension holds the points closed so long as the hot or cold.
generator output is less than the regulator setting. When
the generator output increases to that value, the current
flowing through the regulator winding creates sufficient
magnetic strength to overcome the spring tension and
separate the points. The generator field current must

Many current regulators, however, have a bi-metal hinge

on the armature for thermostatic temperature control.
This permits a somewhat higher generator output when
the unit is cold, and causes the output to drop off to a
safe maximum as the temperature increases. This is an
advantage on short drives where a higher charge rate is
obtained for short intervals of time, or until the regulator
then flow through the resistance, and this causes the warms up.
generator output to drop off. But as soon as the output
drops below the value for which the regulator is set, the Either the current or the voltage regulator of the three
magnetic field is so weakened that the points close, and the unit generator regulator operates at anyone time, both
output once again increases. This cycle takes place 50 to never operate at the same time. When the current re-
200 times a second, producing a vibrating action of the quirements of the electrical system are large and the
armature, which prevents the maximum generator out- battery is low, the current regulator operates to protect
put from exceeding a safe value when properly adjusted. the generator from overload. When the current require-
The winding of the current regulator being in series with ments are small and the battery comes up to charge, the
the charging circuit is sensitive to current only, and the battery counter voltage increases causing the voltage
armature is pulled down at the same current value, with- regulator to operate and hold the voltage constant. This
5
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATO R REGULATO RS

-
If the output then drops off, the trouble is a grounded
field wire between the regulator and the generator. If

results in a tapering charge rate thus protecting the

battery from overcharge and the system from high voltage.

.. . ;. .

Since the cutout relay, the voltage regulator and the the output does not drop off under either of these checks,
current regulator are mounted as one unit, it is advisable the generator is at fault and should be removed from the
to check the entire generator regulator when any ad- engine for further check.
justment is required. A diagnosis or a system of "quick
checks" readily determines whether or not the generator If the output does drop to zero, when the lead is dis-
regulator does need adjustment, when some abnormal connected from the "F" terminal of the regulator, the
condition exists in the car electrical system. regulator should be checked for a high voltage setting
or grounded field circuit in the regulator. With the "F"
With a fully charged battery and a high charging rate, terminal lead reconnected and the regulator cover re-
connect a test ammeter into the circuit at the "BAT" moved, it is possible to determine whether the field
terminal of the regulator, and disconnect the lead from circuit is grounded inside the regulator by depressing the
the "F" terminal of the regulator to determine whether it voltage regulator armature. With the armature down, the
is the regulator or some other unit of the electrical sys- output will drop to zero if the field circuit is normal, but
tem which is causing the condition. This takes the regu- will remain high if a ground exists. The above checks
lator completely out of the generator field circuit and are made without benefit of a voltmeter. Whenever
the output should normally drop to zero. If the output is voltage settings are questioned, an accurate reading volt-
not zero with the generator operating at a medium speed, meter should be used. It must be remembered, however,
disconnect the field lead at the generator field terminal. that when battery temperatures are abnormally high, the
6
DELe O-REMY GENERATOR REGULATORS

defective leads, loose connections at the ammeter or other

junction points which cause high resistance in the charg-
ing circuit. When high resistance is present, the voltage

charging rate may also be high, because of battery charac-

teristics, even though the voltage regulator setting is
satisfactory for normal battery temperatures. Therefore,
in hot climates, or on applications where high temper-
atures are common, it may be necessary to reduce the

REDUCE VOLTAGE
REGULATOR l SLOW
SETTING TO HIGH RESISTANCE I
AT WORK
6.9 VOLTS

regulator will operate as if the battery were fully charged,

even though the battery is in a discharged condition.
A sulphated or defective battery may also be responsible

-
for this condition.
If the system ·voltage is low, momentarily ground the
"F" terminal of the regulator with the generator oper-
ating at a medium speed. If the output increases, check
the regulator for oxidized contact points or a low voltage

voltage regulator setting to as low as 6.9 volts in extreme

cases instead of the specified 7.0 - 7.7 volts. The voltage II!@I'(~Q;. :Qi:.
should not be lowered for occasional trips as a normal
setting would prove more satisfactory. When a reduc-
tion is made, care must be taken that the cutout relay
closing voltage is approximately .5 volt lower than the
voltage regulator.

With a low battery and a low charging rate, first check

the voltage. If the system voltage is normal, check for
voltage drop in the charging circuit between the regu-
lator and the battery. Voltage drop may be found in
7
DEL C 0 REM· Y GENERATO R REGULATO RS

setting, either of which would prevent the generator from

producing rated output. To check for oxidized contact
points, insert an ammeter at the "BAT" terminal of the
regulator, turn on head lights and operate engine at a
speed which will produce approximately 5 ampere output.
Ground the "F" terminal. If output increases more than
2 amperes, oxidized points are indicated and both vol-
tage and current regulator points should be cleaned. If
the output remains low, check the generator as the source
of trouble. If no output at all is obtained from the gen-
erator, make sure the cutout relay is operating, since it
may be failing to close, due to either a high voltage set-
ting or an open voltage winding.
On the current and voltage regulator, pitted contact
points will result from the installation of a radio by-pass
condenser on the field terminal of the regulator or gen-

-
erator or from using the wrong model regulator for the
application. Each model regulator is designed to operate
with a particular model generator and a definite polarity
system. Regulators must never be interchanged unless
one model is actually superseded in the catalog by an-
other.

...~·
..II
After any check or adjustment of the regulator or gener-
ator, particularly after leads have been disconnected and
then reconnected, a jumper lead must be connected
momentarily between the "BAT" and "GEN" terminals
of the regulator, before the engine is started. This causes
a momentary surge of current to the generator ~hich
correctly polarizes it with respect to the battery. This
••
:, !->.7.• ~
.•................

As a safeguard against installation of the wrong polarity

regulator, the regulators designed for positive grounded
systems have copper plated current and voltage regu-
lator armatures, while the regulators for negative
grounded systems have cadmium plated armatures. Late
model regulators also have model, voltage, and polarity
clearly stamped on the base of the regulator.

will prevent fluttering, arcing and burning of the cutout

relay points which would result if the generator were
wrongly polarized with respect to the battery.
8
DELe O-REMY GENERATOR REGULATORS

Copper plated armatures have platinum contacts and

cadmium plated armatures have tungsten contacts. When-
ever the contacts break the field circuit of a generator,

-
there is always a small arc which tends to transfer ma-
terial. The hot side of the arc, where metal tends to
oxidize, is always on the positive side of the circuit so

l'jj;4 IJ/IIII:fJ,I.)1

•• • • •

we make this point of platinum which tends to oxi-

Two types of standard duty circuit regulators are now
in common use, the 1118200 series and the 1118300 series .
All 1118200 series regulators will be superseded by the
1118300 series, but the supersession is not reversible.
All generators having plastic-coated field coils must use
a regulator of the 1118300 series. Generators having
taped or cloth-covered field coils may use regulators of
dize less than any other known metal. The cold side
of the arc from which the metal tends to transfer either series as long as all other features are correct. In
covering the checking of regulators, the procedure will
is on the negative side of the circuit so we use tungsten be to show the 1118200 series first and all 1118300 series
which tends to transfer less than any other known metal.
exceptions will then be noted.
Maximum point life is obtained with this combination.
The first unit to check on the regulator if adjustment is
Open circuit operation of the standard duty type regu-
required is the cutout relay. There are three checks to
lator will cause burned ignition contact points as well as
be made on the relay:
burned resistances and windings in the regulator. With
any of these conditions, check the car wiring carefully 1. Air Gap
2. Point Opening
3. Closing Voltage

AMMETER REGULATOR
The air gap between the center of the winding core and
the armature should measure .020 inch and should be
checked with the contact points barely touching. If both

AIR GAP CHECK

7~
4 .~~~

. "
,
f}o,.
.020" -
BATTERY

before reinstalling the regulator. The ground connections

at the generator, regulator and battery are as much a
part of the circuit as the wiring. Be sure a good ground sets of points do not meet at the same instant, bend the
exists at these units. spring fingers until they do. To adjust the air gap, loosen
9
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATO R REGULATO RS

at medium speed. Slawly decreasing the resistance until

the relay cantact paints clase will alsO'give the clasing
valtage setting.)
TO'adjust the clasing valtage af the cutaut relay an the
1118200series af regulatars, bend the spring past up to'
increase the clasing valtage and dawn to' lawer the clas-
ing valtage.

the twO'adjusting screws and raise ar lawer the armature

as required. Tighten screws well after adjustment is cam-
pleted.

OPENING CHECK

On the 1118300series af regulatars, the clasing valtage is

adjusted by turning the adjustment screw clackwise to'
increase spring tensian and clasing valtage and turning
the screw caunterclackwise to' decrease spring tensian
and clasing valtage. This is a left-hand screw.
The paint apening shauld measure .020 inch and is ad- TwO'checks are required an the valtage regulatar, air
justed by bending the upper armature stap. gap and the valtage setting. Far the air gap check, apen
the paints by hand and slawly release the armature until
TO'check the relay clasing voltage, cannect a valtmeter the paints just tauch, then measure the air gap between
between the "GEN" terminal and the regulatar base. the center af the winding care and the armature. The
Slawly increase generatar speed until the relay cantact gap shauld be .070 inch an 200 series regulatars and .075
paints clase. (A 15 ahm-25 watt far 6 valt ar 25 ahm- inch an the 300 series regulatars.
25 watt far 12 valt variable resistance cannected in the
field circuit may be used with the generatar aperating

TO' adjust the air gap, insert gauge between armature

and care, press armature dawn against gauge, 10' asen the
twO' cantact maunting screws and raise ar lawer the
10
DELe O-REMY GENERATOR REGULATORS

TO ADJUST AIR GAP

upper contact bracket as required. Make sure the poii-lts

line up properly and tighten the screws well after adjust-
ment.
setting with the regulator at operating temperature and
the generator running at a medium speed. The regulator
There are two recommended methods of checking the
cover must be in place. Cycle generator and repeat test.
voltage setting of the voltage regulator:
1. Fixed Resistance Method
2. Variable Resistance Method VARIABLE RESISTANCE METHOD

GENEIlATO~

To check the voltage regulator setting by the variable

resistance method, a % ohm variable resistance, an am-
meter, and a voltmeter are required. Any good combi-
nation testing instrument which includes these units may
To check by the fixed resistance method, disconnect the be used. Connect the ammeter and the variable resistance
lead from the "BAT" terminal of the regulator and con- in series into the charging circuit at the "BAT" terminal
nect the fixed resistance and a voltmeter in parallel from of the regulator, and connect the voltmeter from the
this same "BAT" terminal of the regulator to the regu- "BAT" terminal to the regulator base. Operate the
lator base. With generators having a capacity of 15 generator at medium speed. If less than 8 amperes are
amperes or more, a % ohm fixed resistance is required produced, turn on the lights to permit increased gener-
for 6 volt systems and a 1% ohm fixed resistance for 12 ator output. Cut in resistance slowly until the generator
volt systems. These resistances will allow a flow of 8-10 output is reduced to 8-10 amperes and then after cycling
amperes while the regulator is being set, and must be the generator, note the voltage. Regulator cover must
capable of carrying 10 amperes continuously without any be in place, the regulator must be at operating temper-
change in resistance with temperature changes. With ature, and 8-10 amperes must be flowing in the line.
generators having a maximum output of less than 15
amperes, the 1% ohm resistance should be used in 6 volt After any change of setting readjust the variable resis-
systems and a 2% ohm unit in 12 volt systems, thus tance to return the current to 8-10 amperes, replace
allowing a flow of 4-5 amperes. A 7 ohm unit is used cover and cycle generator before taking the voltage read-
in all 24 volt standard duty systems. Note the voltage ing.
11
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR R EGU LATO RS

Generatar R.P.M. far ADJUSTING the Voltage Regu- Repeat after each change af setting, to' check the ad-
lataI' af the Standard Duty Regulatar justment:
1. 3500 generatar R.P.M. far passenger car and 1. Make sure regula tar is at aperating temper-
trucks. ature. It may be assumed that aperating tem-
2. Operating speed far canstant speed engines perature is reached after nat less than 15
(light aircraft engines included in this classi- minutes af cantinuaus aperatian an clased cir-
ficatian) . cuit an a vehicle. A stabilized heat canditian is
3. Gaverned speed far gaverned engines. impartant and regulatars heated in avens to'
TO' adjust the valtage setting, bend ane spring hanger appraximately 1450 shauld alsO'be aperated at
dawn to' increase the setting 0'1' up to' decrease the setting. least 10 minutes under laad. A stabilized heat
Adjustment shauld be canfined to' ane spring unless the canditian an a test stand will shaw appraxi-
regulatar is campletely aut af adjustment. Far a cam- mately a .3 valt higher valtage reading than
plete adjustment, bend this ane hanger up So' anly ane the same type af aperatian an the car.
spring is effective and cannect a valtmeter fram the 2. Replace regulatar caver.
"GEN" terminal af the regulatar to' the regulatar base. 3. Cycle generatar until valtage draps belaw 2
valts an 6 valt system, 0'1' 4 valts an 12 valt
system and bring genera tar back to. speed.

With anly ane spring used far the adjustment an the

1118300 series af regulatars, it is necessary simply to'
aperate the generatar at specified speed and make the
adjustment af valtage with the fixed resistance as a laad.

Operate the generatar at specified speed. Adjust the

spring tensian So' that regula tar aperates at 2/3 af the
specified setting. Cannect the valtmeter and fixed re-
sistance fram the battery terminal to' graund, and cam-
plete adjustment an secand spring to' specified valtage
withaut again tauching the first spring. This pracedure
insures that each spring will carry ane-half the tatal
tensian.

The current regulatar requires twO' checks, the air gap

and the current setting. The air gap is checked and ad-
COMPLETE READJUSTMENT-
justed in exactly the same manner as an the valtage
VOLTAGE SETTING regulatar, except that the current regulatar air gap is
.080 inch an 200 series and .075 an the 300 series. TO'
check the current regulatar setting, cannect a jumper
lead acrass the paints af the valtage regula tar to' prevent
it fram aperating and cannect a test ammeter intO' the
circuit at the regulatar "BAT" terminal. With the regu-
lataI' at aperating temperature, turn an the lights and
accessaries to' prevent high valtage; run the genera tar
at praper speed (see nate an page 13) and nate the cur-
rent setting. Care shauld be taken nat to' apen the circuit
while the generatar is in aperatian as a very high valtage
wauld result.
12
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR REG U lATORS

NOTE: The following requirements must be observed the upper contact bracket can be swung to one side; or
when adjusting the current regulator: the contact bracket can be removed if necessary.
1. With a jumper lead across the voltage regu-
lator to prevent it from operating, all gen-
erators must be operated at a speed sufficient
to produce current in excess of the specified
setting.
2. Voltage of the generator must be kept high
enough to insure sufficient current output.

(With some generators it may be neces-

sary to maintain the voltage above the voltage
regulator setting. This can be done, where
nec~ssary, by decreasing the load across the
battery or by raising the state of charge of
the battery.)

To adjust the current setting, bend one spring hanger

Emery cloth or sandpaper should never be used to clean
down to increase the setting or up to lower the setting.
Adjustment should be confined to one spring unless the contact points, since particles of emery or sand may
embed in the contacts and prevent normal operation.
regulator is completely out of adjustment. For complete
adjustment, bend hanger so only one spring is effective.
Operate the generator at specified speed. Adjust the
spring tension so that regulator operates at 2/3 of the
specified setting. Complete adjustment on second spring
to the full current setting without again touching the
first spring. This procedure insures that each spring will
carry one-half the total required tension.

On the 1118300series of regulators it is necessary only

to turn the adjustment screw for the specified setting
with generator operating at specified speed.

One of the most important operations the service man

will be called on to perform is the cleaning of regulator
contact points, an!! care must be used to insure that this
cleaning operation is carried out successfully. The points A flat file cannot successfully be used to clean flat contact
points. A flat file will not touch the center of the flat
point, and will not clean out the slight cavity formed in
the point surface in normal operation.

If new upper contact points are required, or if the upper

contact brackets have been removed, they may be re-

should be cleaned one at a time with a spoon or riffler

file. Loosen the two contact mounting screws so that
13
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR REG U LATORS

assembled as shawn here. Nate that the cannectar strap

is cannected to' the vO'ltage regulatar upper cantact
bracket, while it is insulated fram the current regulatar

CONNECTOR STRAP

upper cantact bracket. The air gaps must be reset as used are the best knawn far the purpase, cleaning paints
previausly explained. praperly to' remave all ax ides necessarily becames a
regular service functian because af the amaunt af wark
they dO'.
The armatures may be replaced an the 1118200series af
regula tars by drilling aut the twO'rivets which maunt the It is estimated that 90% af regulatar traubles can be
armature hinge spring an the regulatar frame. Suppart traced directly to' dirty ar O'xidized cantacts. The tung-
the frame to' avaid bending it, center punch the rivet
heads, and use a 3/32 drill. Assemble the new armature
with the screws, lackwashers, and nuts supplied with
the service armature. Assemble screws dawn sO' that
they will nat graund against the regulatar caver. The
armatures an the 1118300series are welded and cannat be
replaced in service.

The stary af regulatian as autlined in the beginning is

the functian af inserting a resistance in the field circuit
af a generatar and taking it aut again at the right time.

The cantact paints af the regulatar, either the valtage ar

current unit, perfarm this wark 50 to' 200 times a secand. CLEAN DOWN TO PURE METAL
An arc accurs every time the paints separate and same
axidatian IS baund to' accur. While the paint materials
REGULATION
I IS INSERTING RESISTANCE
sten paint an the negative side is always the paint with
the slight cavity and the ane which requires the mast
attentian. CAUTION: The appasite cantact paint is
platinum which is a relatively saft metal and shauld be
filed very lightly to' avaid excessive lass af metal. Never
try to' file bath points at the same time by drawing a
file between them. Cleaning the paints dawn to' pure
metal, with a riffler file, will insure lang periads af
service withaut camebacks, but the fact that an attempt
was made to' clean the paints daes nat mean that they
are clean and camebacks are the rule when haphazard
cleaning methads are emplayed. Taa much stress cannat
be put an the necessity far clean cantacts and service men
shauld make it a rule never to' clean paints unless the
jab is dane right.
14
 DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR REGULATO RS

GENERATOR

AMMETER

_I
This special regulator is used in conjunction with a third
A new type of generator regulator known as the combined brush generator which acts as a safety device to prevent
current-voltage type has been produced for special appli- excessive output when the battery is run down or im-
cations. Farm tractor operation is one of the services proper loads are connected.
which require a special regulator to give satisfactory per-
formance. Available standard equipment allowed ex-
cessive charging rates during long continued periods of
summer operation unless voltage settings were lowered.
With the lowered settings insufficient charge was obtained
during cold weather operation. In both cases, premature
battery failures occurred.

[V9LTA§ c- ~ _

i
0.z<Ill!>;..: 6 5 8462 8
A.
...•
w
C>
C>

The cutout relay operation and the method of adjustment

is the same as outlined for the 1118200and 1118300series
of standard regulators. The regulation of generator
voltage and current output, however, is entirely different.
A voltage-sensitive shunt winding and a current-sensitive
series winding are wound on the same core and both
windings work together to insert a resistance in the field
circuit. The voltage winding acts like any normal voltage
With Delco-Remy combined current-voltage regulators, regulator and prevents the system voltage from exceed-
tractor type batteries are giving better than average life ing a predetermined value. When the battery is cold or
because the charging rate even to a hot battery, with a fully charged and its counter voltage is high, very little
properly set regulator, does not exceed a normal charging current flows "to the battery. When the battery is Iowa
rate of approximat~ly 1 ampere per positive plate per normal voltage setting on a standard reg~lator would
cell. It is also possible to get some charge to the battery cause a continued high charging rate, but on the tractor
in cold weather due to the higher voltage operation regulator the current-sensitive ~eries winding modIfies
possible when the charging current is low. the regulator action by aiding to pull the armature down
15
DEL C 0 REM Y GENERATOR REGULATO RS

Setting of the current-voltage regulator unit is made

only with a fixed resistance connected from the "Battery"
terminal of the regulator to "Ground" on the regulator
base and with the battery lead disconnected. A 6.9 volt
reading with a 1.5 ohm unit is normal for 6 volt systems.
A 14 volt reading with a 7 ohm unit is normal for 12
volt systems. A variation of plus or minus .3 of a volt
is the range of setting for operating requirements on 6
volts. This range is -.4 of a volt to +.5 of a volt on the
12 volt system. Voltage readings may be taken at 2500
r.p.m. of the generator with the regulator at the stabilized
operating temperature.
to lower the operating voltage. A high output is thus
obtained only when the battery needs a charge, and the Satisfactory regulator service depends upon applying the
amount of charging current is controlled so that batteries following basic rules and principles:
are not subjected to overcharge, one of the main reasons
1. Use the right polarity regulator.
for battery failures.
2. Always polarize geperator after working on the
electrical system.
3. Cycle generator after every change in regu-
lator adjustment.
BATTERY CUTOUT RelAY
4. Check all standard duty regulators on closed
circuit.
5. Regulators must be at a stabilized operating
temperature when tested.
6. Make settings according to specification.
7. All contact points eventually oxidize and must
be cleaned.
8. A hot battery can upset regulation.
These simple rules for checking will eliminate many
causes of trouble, but the fundamentals brought out in
this story should not be overlooked. There is no magic
about generator regulators, they are nothing more than
A feature of the combined current-voltage regulator is limiting devices. The system voltage may be maintained
that generator output increases as the electrical load is within specifications and yet the customer's battery be-
added to the "L" terminal of the regulator. Since the load comes overcharged; or another customer with the same
current by-passes the regulator current winding, it has no voltage setting may have difficulty keeping the battery
effect on the battery charging rate as long as the total load in a charged condition. The long-distance, high-speed
does not exceed the maximum output of the generator driver will normally receive better service from a lower
at operating speed. voltage adjustment, while the short-distance, slow-speed
driver, operating in city traffic, will have a better chance
of keeping the battery charged by selecting a voltage
adjustment toward the high side of the specification
limits.
VARIABLE

RESISTANCE Cars operated in northem climates require higher voltage

25 OHM
2S WATT settings than cars operated in tropical areas because a
GEN.
high voltage is necessary to force any charge into a bat-
tery when it is cold.
Electrical service men should always keep these variations
in mind. None of the procedures for checking should be
by-passed, but the most satisfactory voltage adjustment
1.5 OHM-6 VOLT VOLTMETER which can be used by any customer is the setting which
1 OHM-12 VOlT
FIXED RESISTANCE} will keep the battery charged with the least amount of
GENERATOR water consumption.
16
E"ECT •• C'&"
EO"". PNI: E NT
PASS NGER CARS • COMMERCIAL CARS

MOTOR COACHES • MARINE ENGINES

INDUSTRi L ENGINES • AIRCRAFT

TRACTORS. TRUCKS

Parts and service on all Delco-Remy units are

available at United Motors Service Stations