Fourth Year Community Medicine Guidelines 2023
Fourth Year Community Medicine Guidelines 2023
Fourth Year Community Medicine Guidelines 2023
BY ALEEZA UROOJ
Introduction:
Almost all of you will hear from your seniors that C-med is very dry and hard to grasp but trust
me it is different and interesting. It is more of a practical subject than a theoretical one. There
is going to be a lot of practical work during the session and all of that will be counted in your
internal assessment.
Study Material:
• Class lectures are most important
• Excel Community Medicine and Public Health
• Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine
How to Study:
From my personal experience, I would advise you to must attend and understand the lectures
especially by HOD, Dr. Mehwish and Dr. Sana. As C-med is a vast subject and cannot be
covered from a single or two books so, teachers provide the right amount of knowledge and
almost everything regarding proff. After lectures, you’ll go through book and you’ll find it quite
easy. C-med is very volatile subject. You study it for test and that’s enough. You have to pay
special attention to the practical work in order to get good internal assessment as everything
in proff viva depends on it.
PRACTICAL WORK
1. Research
Research is a major part of practical and it carries 15 marks. Group of 10 to 12 people will
work on it. One will be the leader. There will be 6-7 lectures in class and then you’ll follow all
the steps of research practically. I must tell you in the beginning that a Performa will be filled
in the end to evaluate that who did the maximum work and who just joined the group and did
nothing so internal assessment marks will be given according to that. The steps include
selection of topic, synopsis, ERB approval, data collection, analysis, results, abstract and final
report. Data will be analyzed in spss software (you can get this software from seniors). Also,
there is a conference named SCICON, in which you present your research orally or by poster.
Aimcacademia.blogspot.com
Email: aimcacademia@gmail.com
Facebook: m.facebook.com/aimcacademia
1
It also will ensure you additional marks in internal. You don’t have to worry about the process
as teachers will spoon feed you everything regarding this.
3. Field Trips
Field trips are also very important. There are 10 field trips each carrying 1 mark. Field trips are
actually fun. If you have missed any, you should attend it with another batch. At the end of
field trips, there will be an ospe. There are specific topics for ospe which I’ll tell you later. Try
to fill out the forms which are provided to you on field trips as they will help you in your journal.
4. Assignments
There will be tests for some topics and assignments for others. Obviously, they also carry
marks in internal assessment. So, try to submit assignments on time. They are very important
for epidemiology.
5. Journal
There are two sections.
• News Cuttings
You have to paste news cuttings of almost 10 news related to topics provided by the
department like mental health, occupational health, communicable disease etc. Also,
you have to mention the date, source, news and your interpretation.
• Field trips
You have to fill in the data of field trips as I already mentioned. Also, you have to post
pictures of your relevant field visits and growth chart in the MCH field visit.
THEORY
1. BASIC DEFINITIONS
Read the whole chapter for concept building.
Important topics
• Program and its types
• Community diagnosis, the concept of disease control
• Epidemiological triad
• Agent factors for disease
• Levels of preventions and modes of intervention (mcq can come with a scenario and
you have to apply any level or seq can come with a disease and you are asked to apply
the levels and modes)
4. BIOSTATISTICS
1 seq 4 mcq 1 or 2 ospe station
This chapter will be favorite of those who love math and lectures of Dr. Sana are must.
This will also help in household report and research. I would advise to have a look from park.
First three pages up to scattered diagram are important for ospe & mcqs.
Important topics
• Measures of central tendency and dispersion (ospe station and seqs of calculation,
standard deviation is most imp.)
• Chi square test
• Student t test
• Test of significance
• Life table
• Normal distribution curve
• Probability
• Standard error
• Hypothesis and its types
5. EPIDEMIOLOGY
1 seq & 5 mcqs
Very important chapter regarding written, viva, research, ospe (HODs fav topic)
First few pages and their formulae are very important. Case control and cohort studies are
super important. Blinding and investigating a case of epidemic are also very important. In
short, whole chapter is important. It is conceptual chapter and HOD himself teaches this. All
the formulae are important and usually numerical comes and you have to solve this. So, if you
have good understanding only then you can solve the questions in paper and ospe.
Important seqs
• Def, components, uses of epidemiology
• Formulae in measures of mortality (numerical type questions. CFR imp)
• In measures of morbidity, incidence, prevalence, & secondary attack rate are v imp
• Case control and cohort studies (numericals, advantages, disadvantages)
• Experimental for mcqs
• Blinding and types
• Association types (mcqs)
• Criteria for judging causality
• Web of causation and types of epidemics
Aimcacademia.blogspot.com
Email: aimcacademia@gmail.com
Facebook: m.facebook.com/aimcacademia
3
• Basic steps of epidemic investigation
• Bias and its type
6. IMMUNOLOGY
1 seq, 5 mcqs & 1 ospe station
Important chapter as sometimes seq from the disease chapter is covered from this topic. EPI
schedule is most important.
Important questions
• Immunizing agents
• Cold chain & cold chain equipment
• Vvm
• EPI (typhoid is also included at 9 months)
• Adverse effects of vaccines
• Tetanus toxoid & tetanus vaccine in females (especially reproductive age)
• Polio vaccine and causes of failure of polio eradication in Pakistan
• Post exposure prophylaxis of tetanus and hepatitis
• Immunization recommended for people travelling for hajj
• Covid vaccines
• Post polio vaccines
• Freeze dried vaccines
11. DEMOGRAPHY
1 seq & 3 mcqs, 1 ospe station
Almost all chapter is important with respect to calculations and formulae. This topic is well
explained in Ilyas.
Important topics
• Calculate Doubling time
• Growth rate (do pay attention on the formulae told by Dr. Sana)
• Determinants of fertility, causes of high fertility and how infant mortality affects fertility
• Basic fertility measures calculations
• Population pyramid, Define, Types, uses
• Calculate dependency ratio and sex ratio
• Virtual index
• Demographic Transition, Stages of demographic cycle
• Population momentum
13. NUTRITION
This is an important topic regarding viva and ospe. Tables given at the end of chapter in excel
are important seqs. This topic is better written in park especially values.
Important topics
• Caloric values of nutrients (from park)
• Definition of balanced diet
• Daily Caloric requirements (requirements in pregnancy and lactating women are v.
imp)
• Food fortification
• Food adulteration with examples
• Food borne diseases
• Methods of preservation of food
• Milk
• Assessment of nutritional status is most important
• Protein energy malnutrition, definition, types, classification (Gomez and water low),
prevention
• Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus
• Nutritional Anemia (cut off, management)
• Vitamins, diseases by their deficiency and excess
• Minerals (imp are calcium, iron, iodine)
• Prudent diet (dietary goals)
• Interventions for anemia
• Difference between malnutrition and under-nutrition
• Iodine deficiency disease and correction
• All tables of differentiation
Aimcacademia.blogspot.com
Email: aimcacademia@gmail.com
Facebook: m.facebook.com/aimcacademia
7
19. SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES
This chapter is unimportant. Normally seq and mcq come from mental health.
Possible seq
• Family and its types.
20. IMNCI
This chapter is important.
Important seqs
• IMNCI, Its components and advantages
• Diarrhea (Management, D/w ORS and ORT, Component of ORS)
• Acute respiratory Infections (Criteria of fast breathing, classification, Management,
Tables of diagnostic signs and Treatment of ARI)
21. ENVIRONMENT
1 seq, 5 mcqs, 1 ospe station
This chapter is comparatively dry but is simple and easy. You can prepare it selectively or if
you are aiming for distinction, prepare whole chapter.
A-WATER
Topics you can leave (Cone of filtration, Horrocks apparatus, Double pot, Surveillance of
drinking water)
IMP SEQs
• Classification of water, Criteria for quality of water, WHO standards for safe water
supply
• Purification of water on large scale
• Chlorination
• Purification of water on small scale
• Steps in well disinfection
• Health hazards associated with swimming pool, Sanitary measures
• Water related diseases
• B-AIR
• Read whole topic
• Imp seqs
• Causes of air pollution, Effects of air pollution/health hazards
• Global warming
• Purification of air
C- OTHER
• In Housing, criteria for healthful housing, housing standards & effects of poor housing,
Hazards of overcrowding.
• Acceptable noise level (imp for mcqs), Effects of noise exposure and control, Effects
of heat stress and cold stress, Methods of refuse disposal, Methods of excreta disposal
(mainly headings)
• Definitions and the tables at the end are important.
22. RADIATION
This chapter is not as much important and considered with environment. Prepare complete
chapter from excel.
Important SEQ
• Radiation, types, biological effects, uses, prevention.
Aimcacademia.blogspot.com
Email: aimcacademia@gmail.com
Facebook: m.facebook.com/aimcacademia
9