SCIENCE VI Week 4 Module

SCIENCE VI
Seasons in the Philippines

In the previous lessons, you have learned about weather and climate. Now, let’s recall
what they are.
Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place over a short period
of time. It can change from hour to hour and from one day to another. It is influenced by
several factors like temperature (degree of hotness and coldness of the atmosphere),
humidity (moisture content of the atmosphere) and precipitation (amount of rain falling
over a specific area). On the other hand, climate refers to the average weather pattern of a
place over a long period of time (such as months and years).
Weather and climate are different from season. Seasons such as summer, autumn,
winter, and spring occur in some parts of the Earth. In the Philippines, we only have two
seasons, namely, wet season and dry season. In this module, you will learn more about the
Philippine seasons and their effects on human activities.
The Earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees. This means that the Earth does not stand up
straight as it rotates on its axis and revolves around the sun.
Instead, it leans over a bit.
Illustrated by Jose Ernie M. Buelos
The Earth’s Tilted Axis
As the Earth revolves around the sun, some areas of the planet experience various
changes. These may include changes in temperature, length of day and night, and amount
of precipitation (such as rain and snow) For example, when the North Pole tilts towards the
sun, it is summer season in most parts of the Northern Hemisphere. During this time, the
Northern Hemisphere receives the most direct sunlight and experiences little to no
precipitation (rain or snow) at all. Daytime is longer than nighttime.
Summer in the Northern Hemisphere
On the other hand, when the North Pole tilts away from the sun, it is winter season
in most parts of the Northern Hemisphere. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere
receives less direct sunlight and experiences frequent precipitation (rain or snow).
Nighttime is longer than daytime. The seasons in the Northern Hemisphere are the opposite
of those in the Southern Hemisphere.
Winter in the Northern Hemisphere

The examples above tell us that seasons are periods of the year characterized by
particular weather patterns and daylight hours. Seasons follow one regular pattern within a
year. The earth’s tilted axis and revolution around the sun are the causes of the seasons
experienced by people in certain parts of the planet. Unlike the places mentioned above, the
Philippines has two seasons only, namely, wet season and dry season. This is due to the
fact that the Earth’s tilted axis does not affect the amount of direct sunlight it receives from
the sun.
The seasons in the country are caused by its location on the equator and prevailing
winds. Since the Philippines is located just right above the equator, it receives direct heat
from the sun throughout the year. This is the reason why we experience relatively high
temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall year-round. The sun’s heat also speeds
up the evaporation process in surrounding water bodies. This results to infrequent to
frequent rainfall all throughout the country.
The Northeast Monsoon and Southwest Monsoon also contribute to the seasons in
the Philippines. These prevailing winds blow consistently in specific direction and period
over particular areas in the country.
The wet or rainy season takes place from June to November. This is characterized by
frequent rainfall, which may bring flood to the lowlands. Typhoons often hit the country
during this season. Since the Southwest Monsoon or Hanging Habagat brings warm and
moist air, rains become heavier and typhoons get stronger during the wet season. Hanging
Habagat blows from the southwest portion of the country and causes rains in the western
portion of the country.

Southwest Monsoon (Hanging Habagat)
The wet season affects the activities of people. Farmers plant their crops during this
season because the abundance of rainwater makes their crops grow quickly. People prefer
to serve and eat warm foods as well as wear thick and long-sleeved clothes. During the wet
season, people do most of their activities indoors. When going outdoors, they usually bring
umbrellas and raincoats.
Activities during Wet Season
The dry season takes place during the months of December to May. This is
characterized by less and infrequent rainfall as well as dusty soil. During this season, some
of the crops die due to insufficient supply of water. The dry season is influenced by the
Northeast Monsoon or Hanging Amihan that brings cool and dry air. Hanging Amihan
blows from the northeast portion of the country and causes slight to moderate rainfall in
the eastern portion of the country.
Northeast Monsoon (Hanging Amihan)

The dry season is the best time for swimming, flying kites, and biking. Drying of
crops under the sun is usually done during this time. People wear loose and thin light-
colored clothes as well as shorts to feel comfortable during hot days. Cold foods and
beverages like halo-halo, ice cream, and fruit shakes are usually served during this season.
Activities during Dry Season

The change of seasons in the country is studied and monitored by the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This
government agency likewise monitors and informs the public about weather disturbances.
https://ph.images.search.yahoo
What’s More
Draw the following diagrams on a separate sheet of paper. Fill each box with a phrase that
relates to the given season. Choose your answers from the box below.
Dry
Season
Wet
Season
water shortage heavy rains

flooding
very hot days cold foods
warm foods
planting of crops drying of crops
frequent typhoons cloudless days
What I Have Learned
Complete the sentences by supplying the missing words on the blanks. Choose your
answers from the table. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
seasons wet season dry season flood PAGASA
prevailing Hanging Hanging location on water

winds Amihan Habagat the equator shortage
1. The season in the Philippines that takes place during the months of December
to May and is characterized by less rainfall is called _____.
2. The seasons in the Philippines are caused by its ________ and _______.
3. The prevailing wind that blows from the northeast portion of the country and
causes slight to moderate rainfall in the eastern regions is called _________.
4. Less and infrequent rainfall during dry season leads to ________ that harms
the animals and plants.
5. The prevailing wind that blows from the southwest portion of the country and
causes heavy rainfall in the western regions is called _________.
6. The season in the Philippines that takes place during the months June to
November and is characterized by frequent rainfall is called _________.
7. Frequent and heavy rainfall during wet season sometimes results to _________.

SCIENCE VI Week 4 Module

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SCIENCE VI

Seasons in the Philippines

Illustrated by Jose Ernie M. Buelos

The Earth’s Tilted Axis

Summer in the Northern Hemisphere

Illustrated by Jose Ernie M. Buelos

Winter in the Northern Hemisphere

Illustrated by Jose Ernie M. Buelos

Illustrated by Jose Ernie M. Buelos

Activities during Wet Season

Northeast Monsoon (Hanging Amihan)

Activities during Dry Season

water shortage heavy rains

What I Have Learned

seasons wet season dry season flood PAGASA

prevailing Hanging Hanging location on water

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