Raising The Mary Rose IELTS Reading Answers

with Explanation
Luyện tập đề IELTS Reading Practice với passage Raising The Mary Rose được lấy từ
cuốn sách IELTS Cambridge IELTS Practice Test 11 - Test 2 - Passage 1 với trải
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DOL IELTS Đình Lực 11 /07/2022

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Bài đọc (reading passage )
Raising the Mary Rose

How a sixteenth -century warship was recovered from the seabed

On 19 July 1545 , English and French fleets were engaged in a sea battle off the coast of southern
England in the area of water called the Solent, between Portsmouth and the Isle of Wight. Among the
English vessels was a warship by the name of Mary Rose. Built in Portsmouth some 35 years earlier, she
had had a long and successful fighting career, and was a favourite of King Henry VIII. Accounts of what
happened to the ship vary: while witnesses agree that she was not hit by the French, some maintain that
she was outdated, overladen and sailing too low in the water, others that she was mishandled by
undisciplined crew. What is undisputed, however, is that the Mary Rose sank into the Solent that day,
taking at least 500 men with her. After the battle, attempts were made to recover the ship, but these
failed.

The Mary Rose came to rest on the seabed, lying on her starboard (right) side at an angle of
approximately 60 degrees. The hull (the body of the ship) acted as a trap for the sand and mud carried by
Solent currents. As a result, the starboard side filled rapidly, leaving the exposed port (left) side to be
eroded by marine organisms and mechanical degradation. Because of the way the ship sank, nearly all of
the starboard half survived intact. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the entire site
became covered with a layer of hard grey clay, which minimised further erosion.

Then, on 16 June 1836 , some fishermen in the Solent found that their equipment was caught on an
underwater obstruction, which turned out to be the Mary Rose. Diver John Deane happened to be
exploring another sunken ship nearby, and the fishermen approached him, asking him to free their gear.
Deane dived down, and found the equipment caught on a timber protruding slightly from the seabed.
Exploring further, he uncovered several other timbers and a bronze gun. Deane continued diving on the
site intermittently until 1840 , recovering several more guns, two bows, various timbers, part of a pump
and various other small finds.

The Mary Rose then faded into obscurity for another hundred years. But in 1965 , military historian and
amateur diver Alexander McKee, in conjunction with the British Sub-Aqua Club, initiated a project called
‘Solent Ships’. While on paper this was a plan to examine a number of known wrecks in the Solent, what
McKee really hoped for was to find the Mary Rose. Ordinary search techniques proved unsatisfactory, so
McKee entered into collaboration with Harold E. Edgerton, professor of electrical engineering at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

In 1967 , Edgerton’s side-scan sonar systems revealed a large, unusually shaped object, which McKee
believed was the Mary Rose. Further excavations revealed stray pieces of timber and an iron gun. But the
climax to the operation came when, on 5 May 1971 , part of the ship’s frame was uncovered. McKee and
his team now knew for certain that they had found the wreck, but were as yet unaware that it also housed
a treasure trove of beautifully preserved artefacts. Interest in the project grew, and in 1979 , The Mary
Rose Trust was formed, with Prince Charles as its President and Dr Margaret Rule its Archaeological
Director. The decision whether or not to salvage the wreck was not an easy one, although an excavation
in 1978 had shown that it might be possible to raise the hull. While the original aim was to raise the hull if
at all feasible, the operation was not given the go-ahead until January 1982 , when all the necessary
information was available.

An important factor in trying to salvage the Mary Rose was that the remaining hull was an open shell. This
led to an important decision being taken: namely to carry out the lifting operation in three very distinct
stages. The hull was attached to a lifting frame via a network of bolts and lifting wires. The problem of the
hull being sucked back downwards into the mud was overcome by using 12 hydraulic jacks. These raised
it a few centimetres over a period of several days, as the lifting frame rose slowly up its four legs. It was
only when the hull was hanging freely from the lifting frame, clear of the seabed and the suction effect of
the surrounding mud, that the salvage operation progressed to the second stage. In this stage, the lifting
frame was fixed to a hook attached to a crane, and the hull was lifted completely clear of the seabed and
transferred underwater into the lifting cradle. This required precise positioning to locate the legs into the
stabbing guides’ of the lifting cradle. The lifting cradle was designed to fit the hull jusing archaeological
survey drawings, and was fitted with air bags to provide additional cushioning for the hull’s delicate timber
framework. The third and final stage was to lift the entire structure into the air, by which time the hull was
also supported from below. Finally, on 11 October 1982 , millions of people around the world held their
breath as the timber skeleton of the Mary Rose was lifted clear of the water, ready to be returned home to
Portsmouth.
Câu hỏi (questions )
Question 1 - 4
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?

In following statements below, choose

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1 There is some doubt about what caused the Mary Rose to sink.

2 The Mary Rose was the only ship to sink in the battle of 19 July 1545 .

3 Most of one side of the Mary Rose lay undamaged under the sea.

4 Alexander McKee knew that the wreck would contain many valuable historical objects.

Question 5 - 8
Look at the following statements and the list of dates below.

Match each statement with the correct date, A-G

List of Findings

A 1836

B 1840

C 1965

D 1967

E 1971
 F 1979

G 1982

5 A search for the Mary Rose was launched

6 One person’s exploration of the Mary Rose site stopped

7 It was agreed that the hull of the Mary Rose should be raised.

8 The site of the Mary Rose was found by chance

Question 9 - 13
Label the diagram below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Raising the hull of the Mary Rose: Stages one and two

- 9 attached to hull by wires

- 10 to prevent hull being sucked into mud

9
-legs are placed into 11

-hull is lowered into 12

- 13 used as extra protection for the hull

10
12 13 11
Answer key (đáp án và giải thích )

1 True https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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2 Not Given https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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3 True https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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4 False https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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5 C https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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6 B https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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7 G https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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8 A https://tuhocielts.dolengli
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9 lifting frame/frame https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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10 hydraulic jacks https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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11 stabbing guides https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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12 lifting cradle/cradle https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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13 air bags https://tuhocielts.dolengli

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