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 GET
THROUGH
Final FRCR 2A:
SBAs
 GET
THROUGH
Final FRCR 2A:
SBAs

Teck Yew Chin, FRCR, MSc, MBChB

Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, MBBS, BSc, MRCS, PgCertHBE, FRCR
Akash Ganguly, MBBS, DMRD, FRCR
Chinedum Anosike, MBBS, MSc, FRCR
CRC Press
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© 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Chin, Teck Yew, author. | Shelmerdine, Susan, author. | Ganguly, Akash, author. |
Anosike, Chinedum, author.
Title: Get through final FRCR 2A : SBAs / Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly,
Chinedum Anosike.
Other titles: Get through.
Description: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] |
Series: Get through
Identifiers: LCCN 2016054175 (print) | LCCN 2016054780 (ebook) | ISBN 9781498734844 (pbk. : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781138743991 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781315382708 (Master eBook)
Subjects: | MESH: Radiology | Examination Questions
Classification: LCC RC78.15 (print) | LCC RC78.15 (ebook) | NLM WN 18.2 | DDC 616.07/57076--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016054175

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 CONTENTS
Preface vii
Acknowledgements ix
Authors xi
Abbreviations xiii

l1 Test Paper 1 – Questions 1

l2 Test Paper 1 – Answers 25

l3 Test Paper 2 – Questions 61

l4 Test Paper 2 – Answers 83

l5 Test Paper 3 – Questions 119

l6 Test Paper 3 – Answers 141

l7 Test Paper 4 – Questions 181

l8 Test Paper 4 – Answers 205

l9 Test Paper 5 – Questions 243

l10 Test Paper 5 – Answers 267

l11 Test Paper 6 – Questions 305

l12 Test Paper 6 – Answers 329

l13 Test Paper 7 – Questions 365

l14 Test Paper 7 – Answers 389

Index 425

v
 PREFACE
The examination structure of the Fellowship of Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) Final Part A
examination (CR2A) in clinical radiology is reverting back from the current modular structure to a
single examination. The RCR has approval from the General Medical Council (GMC) and the
change will be effective from spring 2018.
From spring 2018, the examination will consist of two papers, to be taken on the same day,
each consisting of 120 single best answer–type questions per paper. Each paper will be 3 hours
long and will cover a broad range of topics from the radiology core curriculum covering
all modalities.
This book is divided into seven test papers, consisting of 120 mixed SBA-type questions covering
all modules (3 hours per paper for practice). The answers are in sequential order, followed by
a short explanation and relevant discussion around the topic with appropriate references.

vii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Vijay Kesavanarayanan
Grant Mair
Andrew Baird
Matthew Budak
Oliver Cram
Thomas Hartley
Laura Hinksman
Menelaos Philippou
Jo Powell
Calum Nicholson
Ewen G. Robertson
Nicola Schembri
Magdalena Szewczyk-Bieda
Richard D. White
Struan W.A. Wilkie
Nadeem A. Butt
Lauren L. Millar
Karim Samji
Euan G.C. Stubbs
André Stefan Gatt
Asha Neelakantan
Bappa Sarkar
Mubeen Chaudhry
Ramya G. Dhandapani

ix
 AUTHORS
Dr. Teck Yew Chin, MBChB, MSc, FRCR, is a consultant radiologist at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital,
Singapore.

Dr. Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, MBBS, BSc, MRCS, PgCertHBE, FRCR, is a radiology research
fellow at Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.

Dr. Akash Ganguly, MBBS, DMRD, FRCR, is a consultant radiologist at Warrington Hospital,
Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Warrington, UK.

Dr. Chinedum Anosike, MBBS, MSc, FRCR, is a consultant radiologist at Warrington Hospital,
Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Warrington, UK.

xi
 ABBREVIATIONS
ABC – Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
ABPA – Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
AC – Acromio-clavicular
ACA – Anterior Cerebral Artery
ACE – Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
ACL – Anterior Cruciate Ligament
ACOM – Anterior Communicating Artery
ADC – Apparent Diffusion Coefficient
ADEM – Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
AED/A&E – Accident and Emergency (department)
AFP – Alpha Fetoprotein
AICA – Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
ALP – Alkaline Phosphatase
ALPSA – Anterior Labroligamentous Periosteal Sleeve Avulsion
ALT – Alanine Aminotransferase
AML – Angiomyolipoma
AP – Anterior Posterior
ARDS – Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
ASD – Atrial Septal Defect
AST – Aspartate Aminotransferase
ATN – Acute Tubular Necrosis
AVM – Arteriovenous Malformation
AVN – Avascular Necrosis
BCG – Bacillus Calmette–Guerin
BPH – Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
CA – Carbohydrate Antigen
CADASIL – Cerebral Autosomal-Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and
Leukoencephalopathy
CBD – Common Bile Duct
CBF – Cerebral Blood Flow
CBV – Cerebral Blood Volume
CC – Coracoclavicular
CCAM – Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

xiii
 CDH – Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
ABBREVIATIONS

CEA – Carcinoembryonic Antigen

CECT – Contrast-Enhanced CT
CF – Cystic Fibrosis
CFA – Common Femoral Artery
CHD – Common Hepatic Duct
Cho – Choline
CIN – Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
CJD – Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
CMV – Cytomegalo Virus
CNS – Central Nervous System
COAD – Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease
COP – Cryptogenic Organising Pneumonia
COPD – Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CPAM – Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation
CPM – Central Pontine Myelinolysis
CPPD – Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
Cr – Creatine
CRL – Crown Rump Length
CRM – Circumferential Resection Margin
CSF – Cerebrospinal Fluid
CT – Computerised Tomography
CTPA – Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiogram
CXR – Chest X-Ray
DAD – Diffuse Alveolar Damage
DAI – Diffuse Axonal Injury
DCE – Dynamic Contrast Enhancement
DCIS – Ductal Carcinoma In-situ
DDH – Developmental Dysplasia of Hip
DIC – Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
DIPJ – Distal Inter-Phalangeal Joint
DISH – Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
DISI – Dorsal Intercalated Segment Instability
DJ – Duodenojejunal
DNET – Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour
DRUJ – Distal Radioulnar Joint
DWI – Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
ECG – Electrocardiogram
ENT – Ear Nose Throat
ERCP – Endoscopic Retrograde Chloangio-pancreatography
ESR – Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

xiv
ETT – Endotracheal Tube

ABBREVIATIONS
EUS – Endoscopic Eltrasound
EVAR – Endovascular (Aortic) Aneurysm Repair
FAI – Femoroacetabular Impingement
FAPS – Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome
FB – Foreign Body
FCD – Fibrous Cortical Defect
FCL – Fibular Collateral Ligament
FD – Fibrous Dysplasia
FDG – F18 Fluorodeoxyglucose
FESS – Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
FEV – Forced Expiratory Volume
FLAIR – Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery
FMD – Fibromuscular dysplasia
FNA – Fine Needle Aspiration
FNH – Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
GCA – Giant Cell Arteritis
GCS – Glasgow Coma Score
GCT – Giant Cell Tumour
GI – Gastrointestinal
GIST – Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumour
GLAD – Glenolabral Articular Disruption
GRE – Gradient-Recalled Echo
GVHD – Graft Versus Host Disease
HCC – Hepatocellular Carcinoma
HCG – Hysterosalpingogram
HCM – Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
HELLP syndrome – Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzyme Levels, and low Platelet syndrome
HHV – Human Herpes Virus
HIDA – Hepatobiliary Iminodiacetic Acid
HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HNPCC – Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer Syndrome
HOCM – Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
HRCT – High Resolution Computed Tomography
HSV – Herpes Simplex Virus
HU – Hounsfield Unit
IBD – Inflammatory Bowel Disease
ICA – Internal Carotid Artery
ICU – Intensive Care Unit
IJV – Internal Jugular Vein
INR – International Normalised Ratio

xv
 IPF – Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
ABBREVIATIONS

IPMN – Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm

IUCD – Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device
IV – Intravenous
IVC – Inferior Vena cava
IVU – Intravenous Urogram
JVP – Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma
KUB – Kidney, Ureters, Bladder
LA – Left Atrium
LAGBP – Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding Procedure
LAM – Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
LASA-P – Lipid-Associated Aialic Acid P
LCH – Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
LCL – Lateral Collateral Ligament
LDH – Lactate Dehydrogenase
LFT – Liver Function Tests
LIP – Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonitis
LLL – Left Lower Lobe
LUL – Left Upper Lobe
LV – Left Ventricle
MAC – Mycobacterium Avian Complex
MCA – Middle Cerebral Artery
MCL – Medial Collateral Ligament
MCPJ – Metacarpophalangeal Joint
MCUG – Micturating Cysto-Urethrogram
MDA – Mullerian Duct Anomaly
MDT – Multi-disciplinary Team
MELAS – Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke like episodes
MEN – Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
MIBG – Metaiodobenzylguanidine
MPFL – Medial Patellofemoral Ligament
MR – Magnetic Resonance
MRA – Magnetic Resonance Angiography
MRCP – Magnetic Resonance Cholangio-Pancreatography
MRE – Magnetic Resonance Enterography
MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MRSA – Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MRU – Magnetic Resonance Urography
MS – Multiple Sclerosis
MSSA – Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
MTPJ – Metatarsophalangeal Joint

xvi
MTR – Magnetisation Transfer Ratio

ABBREVIATIONS
MTT – Mean Transit Time
NAA – N-Acetylaspartate
NAFLD – Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
NAHI – Non-Accidental Head Injury
NAI – Non-Accidental Injury
NASH – Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
NF – Neurofibromatosis
NG(T) – Nasogastric (Tube)
NHL – Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
NICE – National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
NOF – Non-Ossifying Fibroma
NPH – Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
NSE – Neuron-Specific Enolase
NSIP – Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis
OA – Osteoarthritis
OCD – Osteo-Chondral Defect
OCP – Oral Contraceptive Pill
OFD – Osteo Fibrous Dysplasia
OGD – Oesophago-Gastroduodenoscopy
OKC – Odontogenic Keratocyst
OM – Occipito-Mental/Osteomyelitis
PAN – Polyarteritis Nodosa
PCA – Posterior Cerebral Artery
PCKD – Polycystic Kidney Disease
PCL – Posterior Cruciate Ligament
PCOM – Posterior Communicating Artery
PCOS – Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
PCP – Pneumocystis Pneumonia
PDA – Patent Ductus Arteriosus
PE – Pulmonary Embolism
PET – Positron Emission Tomography
PHACE syndrome – Posterior fossa malformations, Haemangioma Arterial anomalies, Cardiac
defects, Eye abnormalities, sternal cleft and supra-umbilical raphe syndrome
PICA – Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
PIN – Posterior Interosseous Nerve
PIPJ – Proximal Inter-Phalangeal Joint
PKU – Phenylketonuria
PMF – Progressive Massive Fibrosis
PML – Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
PNET – Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumour

xvii
 POEMS syndrome – Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy,
ABBREVIATIONS

and Skin changes syndrome

PR – Per-Rectal
PSA – Prostate-Specific Antigen
PSC – Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
PUJ – Pelvi-Ureteric Junction
PVA – Polyvinyl Alcohol
PVL – Periventricular Leukomalacia
PVNS – Pigmented Vilonodular Synovitis
PWI – Perfusion Weighted Imaging
RA – Right Atrium
RBILD – Respiratory Bronchiolitis Interstitial Lung Disease
RCC – Renal Cell Carcinoma
RFA – Radio Frequency Ablation
RLL – Right Lower Lobe
RML – Right Middle Lobe
RPF – Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
RRI – Renal Resistive Index
RRMS – Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
RSV – Respiratory Syncytial Virus
RTA – Road Traffic Accident
RTC – Road Traffic Collision
RUL – Right Upper Lobe
RV – Right Ventricle
RVOT – Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
RYGBT – Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
SAH – Sub-Arachnoid Haemorrhage
SAPHO – Synovitis, Acne, Palmoplantar Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis
SBC – Solitary Bone Cyst
SBO – Small Bowel Obstruction
SCC-A – Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen.
SCFE – Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
SCM – Split Cord Malformation
SDH – Sub-dural Hemorrhage
SLAC – Scapholunate Advanced Collapse
SLAP – Superior Labrum Anterior Posterior
SLE – Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
SMA – Superior Mesenteric Artery
SMV – Superior Mesenteric Vein
SSPE – Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
STIR – Short-Tau Inversion Recovery sequence

xviii
SUFE – Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis

ABBREVIATIONS
SWI – Susceptibility Weighted Imaging
TA – Truncus Arteriosus
TACE – Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolisation
TAG-72 – Tumour Associated Glycoprotein
TAPVR – Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
TB – Tuberculosis
TCC – Transitional Cell Carcinoma
TFC – Triangular Fibrocartilage
TGA – Transposition of Great Arteries
THR – Total Hip Replacement
TIPS – Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
TKR – Total Knee Replacement
TME – Total Mesorectal Excision
TOF – Tetralogy Of Falot/Time-Of-Flight
TRUP – Transurethral Resection of Prostate
TRUS – Trans Rectal Ultrasound
TS – Tuberous Sclerosis
TSH – Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
TT-TG – Tibial Tuberosity–Trochlear Groove
TURP – Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
TVS – Trans-Vaginal Scan
UAC – Umbilical Artery Catheter
UAE – Uterine Artery Embolisation
UBC – Unicameral Bone Cyst
UCL – Ulnar Collateral Ligament
UFE – Uterine Fibroid Embolisation
UIP – Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
UPJ – Uretero-Pelvic Junction
US – Ultrasound
UTI – Urinary Tract Infection
UVC – Umbilical Venous Catheter
VHL – Von Hippel–Lindau
VISI – Volar Intercalated Segment Instability
VNA – Vanillylmandelic Acid
VSD – Ventricular Septal Defect
VUJ – Vesico-Ureteric Junction
VUR – Vesico-Ureteric Reflux
XGP – Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
βhCG – beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

xix
 CHAPTER 1
TEST PAPER 1
Questions
Time: 3 hours
1. A 30-year-old man has been involved in an Road Traffic Accident (RTA). Aortic injury is
suspected. CT angiogram shows a fusiform dilatation at the anteromedial aspect of the aortic
isthmus with a steep contour superiorly, gently merging with the proximal descending
thoracic aorta inferiorly. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Pseudoaneurysm
B. Coarctation of the aorta
C. Ductus diverticulum
D. Aortic nipple
E. Avulsed left subclavian artery
2. A 40-year-old man on the third cycle of chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
presents with dysphagia and odynophagia. A recent blood count revealed neutropenia.
He is referred for a barium swallow, which shows several linear ulcers with ‘shaggy borders’
in the upper oesophagus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Candida oesophagitis
B. CMV oesophagitis
C. Post-radiotherapy stricture
D. TB oesophagitis
E. Pharyngeal pouch
3. A contrast CT scan shows an incidental renal cyst that is hyperdense with thick septations
and a mural nodule. What is the Bosniak classification?
A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Type 2F
D. Type 3
E. Type 4
4. A 33-year-old man with short stature and normal intelligence is being investigated for lower
back pain. MRI of the thoracolumbar spine shows marked central stenosis with short
pedicles. A comment of bullet-shaped vertebra with progressive narrowing of the lumbar
interpedicular distance was noted on the report. Which of the following conditions is
most likely?
A. Hurler’s syndrome
B. Congenital pituitary dwarfism
C. Achondroplasia
D. Thanatophoric dysplasia
E. Hunter’s syndrome

1
Chapter 1 TEST PAPER 1: QUESTIONS

5. A 75-year-old woman is admitted under the physicians with confusion and dementia. She
has a history of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage and has been diagnosed with
amyloid angiopathy. The most specific MR sequence for diagnosis of multifocal intracranial
cortical–subcortical microhaemorrhages in cerebral amyloid angiopathy is:
A. T1W spin echo
B. STIR
C. T2W spin echo
D. Gradient echo
E. FLAIR

6. Regarding sporting injuries involving the upper limbs, all of the following statements are
correct, except:
A. Anomalous anconeus epitrochlearis muscle results in Posterior Interosseous Nerve (PIN)
entrapment.
B. Atrophy of extensor muscles can be seen in chronic PIN neuropathy.
C. Partial thickness tears of the biceps can involve either the long or short heads.
D. Cubital tunnel syndrome is the most common elbow neuropathy.
E. Oedema of flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar nerve thickening suggests cubital tunnel
nerve entrapment.

7. An obese 25-year-old man presents with atypical chest pain. Cardiac MR demonstrates
asymmetrical hypertrophy of the interventricular septum, primarily affecting the
anteroinferior portion. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
B. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C. Myocardial infarction
D. Dilated cardiomyopathy
E. Constrictive pericarditis

8. A 65-year-old diabetic with a history of alcohol excess is referred for a barium swallow
following a history of dysphagia. The study shows several small, thin, flask-shaped structures
along the cervical oesophagus oriented parallel to the long axis of the oesophagus. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Feline oesophagus
B. Pseudodiverticulosis
C. Glycogenic acanthosis
D. Traction diverticulum
E. Idiopathic eosinophilic oesophagitis

9. A 21-year-old woman with infertility undergoes US that shows a 2-cm right adnexal mass
with posterior acoustic enhancement. Another multilocular cyst is seen in the left ovary.
Further evaluation with MR shows multiple small lesions in both the ovaries and pouch of
Douglas, which were hyperintense on fat-suppressed T1W images with shading sign on
T2W images. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Dermoid
B. Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary
C. Endometriosis
D. PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome)
E. Pelvic inflammatory disease

10. A young man presents to the ENT clinic with deepening of the voice. Going through his
history and clinical notes, the consultant reviews a recent plain radiograph report of his

2
 Chapter 1 TEST PAPER 1: QUESTIONS
hands, which describes cystic changes in the carpal bones along with enlarged phalangeal
tufts and metacarpals. What is the next appropriate imaging investigation?
A. CT brain pre- and post-contrast
B. MRI brain
C. MRI pituitary pre- and post-contrast
D. Chest X-ray
E. Lateral view of the skull
11. A 77-year-old man with gradual onset dementia shows multifocal abnormalities on cranial
CT and MRI. He has been recently diagnosed with amyloidosis. All of the following
conditions may be present in central nervous system amyloidosis, except:
A. Occurrence in elderly patients
B. Multifocal subcortical intracranial haemorrhages
C. Cerebral and cerebellar atrophy
D. Non-communicating hydrocephalus
E. Typical occurrence in normotensive patients
12. An 11-year-old boy with left shoulder pain has a shoulder X-ray, which shows a lucent lesion
in the metaphysis. This has distinct borders and lies in the intramedullary compartment. It is
orientated along the long axis of the humerus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Aneurysmal bone cyst
B. GCT
C. Simple bone cyst
D. Chondroblastoma
E. Non-ossifying fibroma
13. A 50-year-old secretary presents with epigastric pain, nausea and weight loss. She also complains
of bilateral swollen ankles. She is referred for a barium meal as she is unable to tolerate an
oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy (OGD). The examination shows thickened folds in the fundus
and body of the stomach; the antrum was not involved. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Nephrotic syndrome
B. Lymphoma
C. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
D. Leiomyoma
E. Ménétrier’s disease
14. A 58-year-old woman undergoes an echocardiogram followed by cardiac MRI for
investigation of exertional dyspnoea. The cardiac MRI was reviewed at the X-ray meeting,
and the radiologist diagnosed concentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Which of
the following did the radiologist see?
A. Thickening of the interatrial septum at 7 mm
B. Thickening of the entire LV wall measuring 17 mm at end diastole
C. Nodular high signal in the interventricular septum on T2
D. Thickening of the LV wall measuring 14 mm with normal systolic function
E. Thickened LV with delayed hyperenhancement of midwall
15. A 50-year-old builder is involved in a high-speed RTA. CT is performed according to trauma
protocol, demonstrating extra-peritoneal rupture of the bladder. Which of the following best
describes this?
A. Contrast pooling in the paracolic gutters.
B. Contrast outlining small bowel loops.
C. Flame-shaped contrast seen in the perivesical fat.
D. CT cystogram is usually normal.
E. Intramural contrast on CT cystogram.

3
Chapter 1 TEST PAPER 1: QUESTIONS

16. An elderly patient on long-term dialysis presents to the orthopaedic clinic with right shoulder
pain. Plain films show juxta-articular swelling and erosions of the humerus, but the
joint space is preserved. MRI shows a small joint effusion and the presence of low- to
intermediate-signal soft tissue on all sequences covering the synovial membrane
extending into the periarticular tissue. What is the likely diagnosis?
A. Amyloid arthropathy
B. Gout
C. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD)
D. Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)
E. Reticuloendotheliosis
17. A 33-year-old woman with recurrent episodes of optic neuritis with waxing and waning upper
limb weakness is referred for an MRI brain with high suspicion of demyelination. All of
the following are MR features of acute multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions of the brain, except:
A. High signal intensity on FLAIR
B. ‘Black hole’ appearance
C. Incomplete ring-like contrast enhancement
D. Increase in size of lesion
E. Mass effect
18. A 14-year-old boy complains of left knee pain and limp. He also has medial thigh pain.
On examination, he has full range of movement with some discomfort on internal
rotation. AP and lateral X-rays of the knee and femur are normal. What is the next
investigation?
A. CT
B. Bone scan
C. MRI
D. Frog leg lateral of the hips
E. US
19. A 30-year-old woman presents with shortness of breath and fatigue. CT shows enlargement
of the right atrium, right ventricle and pulmonary artery and normal appearance of the left
atrium. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. VSD – Ventricular Septal Defect
B. ASD – Atrial Septal Defect
C. Bicuspid aortic valve
D. Coarctation of the aorta
E. Mitral valve disease
20. A 50-year-old man is referred to a gastroenterologist with a 6-month history of intermittent
epigastric pain and nausea. He is referred for a barium meal test due to a failed OGD –
oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy. The study shows an ulcer along the lesser curve of the
stomach. Which of the following is a malignant feature of a gastric ulcer?
A. The margin of the ulcer crater extends beyond the projected luminal surface.
B. Carman meniscus sign.
C. Hampton’s line.
D. Central ulcer within mound of oedema.
E. The ulcer depth is greater than the width.
21. Which of the following characteristics is typical of prostate cancer?
A. Low on T1 High on T2
B. Low on T1 Low on T2
C. Isointense on T1 High on T2

4
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 OUR FALLEN HERO.

From the “Hartwell Sun.”

We little thought in our last issue for the old year, when we penned
a brief paragraph to the effect that Mr. Grady had returned from his
brilliant triumph in Boston to his home in Atlanta sick with a cold, that
in a few hours afterward his grand spirit should have winged its flight
to the home beyond, and that upon the Christmas day, when the
glad bells should ring out their joyous message of “Peace on earth—
good will to men” in the great city so much of his own making, that
instead they should toll the sad requiem of “Dust to dust,” and that
every heart from the ragged newsboy to the chief magistrate should
be bursting with anguish as the noble form of their idolized leader
was consigned to the cold, silent grave.
The blow came so suddenly and was so totally unexpected, that it
spread consternation—not only in his own beloved State and
Southland—but over the entire country. Was there ever a man so
universally loved with so brief a career! Was there ever a man so
sincerely and widely mourned! Was there ever a man so grandly, so
eloquently eulogized! Never have we seen anything like it—never
have we heard of anything like it; nor do we believe there was ever a
parallel.
But all the panegyrics by passionate lips uttered, nor all the
burning words of eulogy by eloquent pens written, have yet
expressed the tremendous weight of sorrow that oppresses the
hearts of the people who loved him so well. This was indeed a time
when strong men of mighty mind and fluent tongue felt the utter
poverty of expression and the inadequacy of words.
It did appear as if he was just entering upon his glorious career,—
as if his life’s work yet lay out before him. And yet what a glorious,
what a grand work he had done! And may not his death have
emphasized his glowing appeals for a broader charity; for an
unquestioning confidence; for fraternal love and justice; for a re-
united country. In our very heart we believe so. If not—God help our
country!
We will not attempt to eulogize Henry Grady—to speak of his
brilliant intellect; of his matchless eloquence; of his spotless
character; of his great, warm, unselfish heart—that has already been
done by those better fitted for the loving task; but the hot tears blind
our eyes as we think of the handsome, boyish form of the peerless
Grady lying cold in the remorseless embrace of death. Peace be to
his precious ashes!—Eternal joy to his immortal spirit!
 A DEATHLESS NAME.

From the “Gainesville Eagle.”

There was buried in Atlanta yesterday a young man that illustrated
the possibilities of American youth.
There are two forces that combine to make great men—heredity
and environment. The first had given Henry Grady magnificent
natural endowment—a kingly and masterful mind. The second gave
him opportunity, and he utilized it for all it was worth. Combined, they
have given him a deathless name and fame that will make one of the
brightest pages in the Southland’s history.
All over the land, men and women, who loved his sweetness of
soul, grieve to-day over his untimely end. All over the South, men
who expected much of his tongue and pen, mourn sincerely the loss
of the brilliant mind which worshiped so loyally at Patriotism’s altar.
How illy could he be spared. How inscrutable the ways of
Providence! We can but bow and grieve.
But what an inspiration the history of his brief years! Poor and
unknown a few years ago, he died in a halo of glory that had made
his name a household word over a continent. His life was a psalm of
praise. Like the birds, he sang because he must. Eloquence dwelt in
his tongue like the perfume in the heart of the flowers; sweetness
flowed from his pen as the honey comes from the mysterious
alchemy of the bee—it was his nature.
This is not the time or place to analyze or measure his life-work.
History and the future must render that verdict. Frankly, we are not of
those who believe that his speeches—eloquent and grand as they
were—will wipe out sectional feeling. The people who hate and fear
the South are given over to believe a lie. It is their stock in trade; it is
the life blood of their political partisanship, and though one rose from
the dead, they would not believe. But he had done and was doing,
and had he lived would have brought to a marvelous fruition
something of far more practical value. He had made known to the
world the marvelous resources of the South, and gotten the ear of
capital and enterprise and brought, and was bringing, the enginery of
its power to unlock the storehouses of an untold wealth. ’Tis here his
grandest work was done. Call it selfish, if you will, but ’tis here our
loss is greatest.
His brilliancy, dash and originality had made the great journal, of
which he was the head, easily the foremost newspaper of the South.
His eloquent tongue and matchless pen had made him par
excellence the exemplar and apostle of this grand and growing
section.
But the end has come. Only He who has smitten can know
whether such another prophet shall rise in the wilderness to lead us
forward to the glorious destiny which his prophetic eye foresaw, and
to which his throbbing, loyal heart gave itself and died.
 A GREAT SOUL.

From the “Baxley Banner.”

A great soul has passed away.
After a life brief but brilliant, he is lost to the country that loved and
honored him, and which his lofty eloquence and pure patriotism have
illustrated and adorned.
As the lightning that comes out of the South, and flashes from
horizon to horizon, so was his short life in its bright, swift passage,
illuminating the earth.
In the death of Henry Grady, his city, his State, the South, the
whole country has suffered a great loss. His voice was ever the
ringing, stirring herald-tones that announced the promise of fairer
days and a happier people. He was no low-browed, latter-day
prophet of evil; but preached here and everywhere the new and
bright evangel of hope. He was the voice of his city, heard ringing
through Georgia and the Union; the voice of his State, heard clarion-
like from ocean to ocean, and the golden-mouthed messenger from
the South to the North, proclaiming a brotherhood of love that the
shock of war had not destroyed. And thus his death will be mourned,
not in Atlanta or in Georgia only, but wherever an American heart is,
that heart will mourn his death.
Particularly is Mr. Grady’s death a loss to journalism. He stood the
peer of any in the world, and was the greatest journalist in the South.
His pen was as eloquent as his tongue, and from the closet as well
as from the platform his words came with vivifying power, refreshing
and inspiring.
Death struck him down from the lofty pinnacle of fame, to which
his eloquence had so swiftly upborne him. A young man, he had
already reached a height that would have dazzled a weaker soul,
and he has fallen in the midst of his triumph, while yet the plaudits of
tens of thousands from every part of this country rang fainter and
fainter on his dying ear. It was something worth to have such
heartfelt approbations sounding around him as he sunk to his last
sleep. It was the crowning of a life well lived, and spent with lavish
patriotism for his country’s weal.
He burned his life to the socket like a swift devouring flame. His
energy was tremendous, and almost feverish in its eagerness to do
something worth the doing. He returned to his city and his home with
death upon him, stricken even in his great triumph. The glow of fever
followed hard upon the glow of victory, and so, after a brief and
burning life—a life crowded thick with triumphs, “God’s finger
touched him and he slept”—the sleep He giveth to His beloved.
Of his private life all may speak. We know it well. It is familiar to us
all as household words, though his charity and his kindness were
without ostentation. He was generous without stint, and whether it
was as the boy making up a fund to buy a poor schoolmate a
handsome suit to graduate in, or as the man lending a helping hand
to lift or guide the needy, self was forgotten in his kindness to others.
In thousands of homes he will be

Named softly as the household name

Of one whom God has taken.

His city, his State, and his country will build for him a shaft, but his
greatest monument will be in the hearts that mourn his death.
A great and loving soul has passed.
 IN MEMORIAM.

From the “Henry County Times.”

The public heart, still quivering and aching from the shock
occasioned by the death of its venerated and talented leader,
Jefferson Davis, had its cup of woe and grief filled to overflowing by
those words of doom—“Henry Grady is dead.” In the natural course
of events, the first catastrophe was one that might have happened
any time in the past ten years, as the great Confederate chief had
long since passed the limit of three-score-and-ten, the average limit
attached by Biblical authority to human life. Mr. Davis descended to
his grave full of years and honors, and while he was universally and
sincerely mourned in the South, still, it did not fall upon us with that
electric suddenness which so shocked and agonized the Southern
heart as when our young Demosthenes became a victim to the fell
destroyer.
So universal is this sorrow, that a separate and personal
bereavement could not have more completely shrouded in grief the
public mind than did the announcement of his death. The advent of
the dark angel into each and every household could not have more
completely paralyzed the public mind than did the untimely taking off
of this superbly gifted son of Georgia. Never since the angel of the
Lord smote the first-born of Egyptian households for lack of mystic
symbols on the door, has a people’s sorrow been so deep, so
universal, and so sincere. Had the end of such a man come in the
proper course of nature, heralded by such physical changes as
indicate the approach of death, it might have been better borne, but
would still have been an event of national misfortune that would have
taxed to the uttermost the endurance of hearts already lacerated by
freshly opened wounds. Had we been in the possession of such
warnings as it was in the power of Omnipotence to have granted us,
still the blow would have been unutterably painful and overpowering.
But that he, who was conceded to be the intellectual peer of any in
the nation; who was without a superior as an orator in the present
generation; that he who was in an especial manner fitted to be the
champion of the South in her appeal for justice at the bar of public
opinion, both in Europe and America; that he, who was so richly
endowed should suddenly and without warning, as it were, become
the victim of death, and have all the bright and brilliant promise of a
life whose sun had risen so gloriously, quenched in death and
darkness, might well move a people to tears, and clothe a nation in
sackcloth and ashes.
 A PEOPLE MOURN.

From the “Warrenton Clipper.”

The people of the Southland are wrapped in grief and a nation
mourns in sympathy. While all nature beams with beauteous smiles
and December luxuriates in the balmy breezes of spring, he whom
we had learned to love and to whom his people turned for hope and
encouragement, lies wrapped in earth’s cold embrace. Henry W.
Grady is dead. Early Monday morning his brave spirit forsook its
earthly tenement and sought Him who had given it being. The
electric words which flashed the sad news through the length and
breadth of the country carried mourning into thousands of homes
and millions of hearts. The friend of the people was dead, and one
universal sense of sorrow pervaded the minds of all.
Mr. Grady had just returned from Boston, where he had delivered
one of the grandest addresses of his life, before the Boston
Merchants’ Association, upon the Southern question. The speech
was thoroughly Southern in its character, and a grand defense of the
course of his people in national politics and their dealings with the
colored race. Exposure in the raw New England atmosphere caused
him to contract a severe cold which rapidly grew worse. He was very
ill when he returned to Atlanta and pneumonia in its worst form soon
developed. He lay ill at his beautiful home in Atlanta for a few days
only, gradually growing worse, until the end came Monday morning.
Though his dangerous situation was known, the probability of his
death did not seem to occur to the people. That the youthful,
magnetic, beloved Grady could die seemed impossible. When the
blow had fallen its effect was to stun, and had we been told that it
was a dream, a mistake, we would really have believed it and sought
out some new evidence of his popularity. Dead! Is it possible! Before
he had reached the prime of his manhood or the zenith of his fame!
Did Death but waylay to seize him just as we were learning his
worth? Of the many mysteries of life death is the greatest.
 Nothing shows more the high estimation in which the man was
held than the widespread sources from which came the words of
sympathy and condolence; from field and fireside, from town and
hamlet, from city street and mansion, from every source in which his
noble words have found an echo, poured forth the gentle words of
sympathy and sorrow. Statesmen and soldiers hastened to proffer
their sympathy and great men of every rank condoled with the
bereaved ones. Not a prominent Northern journal but devoted
considerable space to his memory. Party and creed were alike
forgotten. Not a whisper of depreciation was heard from any source.
There never died a man within the history of the State whose fame
was so recent, who was so generally loved and admired in life and
so universally regretted in death. On Christmas, the day of joy and
peace, we laid our hero to rest. Not the less a hero because his were
the victories of peace. No victor, fresh from the bloody field of battle,
was ever more deserving of his laurel wreaths than he of the
chaplets we can only lay upon his grave. The lips that pleaded so
eloquently for peace and union are stilled in death, and the hand that
penned so many beautiful words for the encouragement of his
people moves no more. A sense of peculiar personal loss is upon us.
The old men have lost a son, the young men a brother. Atlanta
mourns her foremost citizen, the State a devoted son, the South an
able defender and the Nation an honored citizen. Our matchless
Grady is no more.
 HENRY W. GRADY IS NO MORE.

From the “Valdosta Times.”

Henry W. Grady is dead. His great soul has passed from this
mundane sphere. Truly “a silver tongue is hushed and a golden pen
is broken.” Matchless orator, brilliant journalist, able statesman,
patriotic citizen, noble man—shall we see your like again!
When Stonewall Jackson fell fighting for the land he loved, the
Confederacy lost her great right arm, and never recovered from the
blow. So, in these post-bellum days—in times of comparative peace
—but under anomalous and trying conditions—the South loses her
ablest leader, and at a time when his services seem most needed,
and when he was doing that service so nobly and well. The death of
Mr. Grady in ’89 compares only, in the Southern estimate, with the
loss of Jackson in ’63. Viewed from the natural side of human
wisdom, his death, in the words of the great Republican orator of
New York, is a national calamity.
This young man, from obscurity and poverty, by the sheer force of
his genius, sprang easily and early to a national celebrity which few
dare hope for, and fewer still attain in the generations of men. He
was both brilliant and practical, both gentle and wise. He would build
a factory or a railroad, or found a great exposition, as easily as he
would deliver a bright oration. He would counsel with statesmen with
the same tact and ease that he would go gunning with the young
men of the town. When he touched a man he made a friend.
The writer, who would pay this short and poor tribute, knew him for
eighteen years. He has seen him from many points of view—mostly
as an opponent in State politics, but always as a friend. In his office
at work—at his private board—in the political caucus—on an angling
or gunning expedition—his transcendent genius always shown with a
rare and radiant light. To these who have known him well he has
long been the man the world has recently found him to be—one of
the greatest men of his time; to such his loss is felt as a personal
bereavement. Each one, when his name is heard, will recall some
word or deed to cherish as a fragrance from the tomb. Such
memories will be treasured in the hearts of many, from Grover
Cleveland to the saucy newsboys who cry the Constitution on the
streets of Atlanta.
But to abler pens, and to those who have known him longer and
better, the task is left to pronounce a fitting eulogy.
Of his life and his death, much space is ungrudgingly given
elsewhere in this issue of the Times. Let the young men of the
country read, and learn of him who has passed away at thirty-eight
years of age and left the impress of his genius upon the greatest
Nation of the earth.
 “MAYBE HIS WORK IS FINISHED.”

From the “Dalton Argus.”

Henry Woodfin Grady died Monday morning, December 23,
1889, from bronchial and other troubles, irritated by his recent visit to
Boston, where he made his last and greatest speech in behalf of the
section and people he loved so well.
Since England lost her Wellington, and America her Lincoln, no
greater calamity has moved a people to sympathetic tears than the
death of Henry Grady. His life was the fulfillment of a noble man, and
his grand impulses touched every phase of humanity. No man was
ever better known to his country by an unbroken chain of rarer
virtues, nobler purposes, and more powerful capacities. His work, in
whatever field, was the impetuosity of patriotism. His successes
stand as a mark of indomitable energy. Possessing an extraordinary
faculty of grasping opportunities at the full flood tide, he illustrated
the perfect patriot in forgetting self for common good, the genuine
friend in bestowing his own advantages to others. Only he that
worthily lives, in death enshrines himself in the hearts of his people,
and not a wire in all the network of commercial arteries but that has
given, in messages of love, cadences of a country’s sorrow. When
poets and patriots are met at the bier by the hushed voices of the
rabble, and commerce pauses to pay tribute, Heaven-blest must be
the spirit that gives flight from earth. In all the walks of life Henry
Grady has left remembrances that suggest homage to his worth.
But his name shall occupy a space in history, filling the brightest
niche of an illustrious age, that his life shall stand out boldly in the
perfect beauty of its accomplishment.
There is a touching coincidence in his death, following so closely
after that of Jefferson Davis, that the funeral dirge of one almost
blends into the decadence of the other, giving figure to an illustration
as true as it is sublime.
 Who can refute the suggestion that it was a wise decree of
Providence, staying the relentless demands of Time that sectional
prejudice might lose its forceful resentment, lending ear to the
vigorous mind of Davis, through the very nobility of his after life; and
giving communion of perfect sympathy through the pleading of Henry
Grady, caught up as if from the living embers of the old, a fair type of
that historic period, imbued with all the demands of the present, his
patriotic ardor glowing with fire of eloquence, his dying speech giving
tumult of enthusiasm in voice of advocacy, expounding reason
indorsed by every Southern man?
No man better knew the temper of his people, or gave thought with
riper philosophy to the issues which surround them; or was less
fearless to speak the truth.
As a common country gave applause to the logic of the living, may
we not trust in the prophecy of the mourning mother, that the work
for which he gave his life, in unmurmuring sacrifice, is truly
accomplished?
There is such pathos in the incident of this last grand effort to
break the cordons of estrangement between the sections as may
justify the hope.
The South, undemonstrative, unprejudiced, unyielding
furthermore, pleads for no fairer basis.
 HE NEVER OFFENDED.

From the “Washington Chronicle.”

He died peacefully at his home in Atlanta on Monday morning at
forty minutes past three o’clock. As the news flashed over the wires
it imparted a thrill of anguish to every Southern heart. For he was a
great favorite at the South. And at the North he had cause to be
proud of his reputation. It would be impossible to compare Mr. Grady
with any man who has lived. His character was unique and so was
his work. It is idle and senseless talk to conjecture what his future
might have been if he had lived. His course is run and his life is
finished, as completely finished as if he had lived an hundred years
and died. What was that life? Grady was a big-hearted, whole-souled
fellow, a man of the people, a statesman and a patriot. His
intellectual attainments and all fitted him for the grand and brilliant
position which he reached. True as steel to his native South, he was
able to conciliate the North. A man of noble impulses, he never
offended. In sober truth he was a great man, and accomplished a
great work which will live after him and glorify his name.

Were a star quenched on high,

Forever would its light,
Still traveling downward from the sky,
Shine on our mortal sight.

So when a great man dies,

Ages beyond our ken,
The light he leaves behind him lies
Upon the paths of men.
 THE SOUTH IN MOURNING.

From the “Elberton Star.”

Henry W. Grady, the peerless orator and true patriot, has been
called to join the silent majority. This sad intelligence reached
Elberton last Monday morning, by private telegram, and there was a
gloom cast over the community unequaled in the history of the town.
Henry Grady was loved and admired all over the South, but nowhere
more dearly than in this section.
It seems hard that this brilliant young statesman should have been
cut off just before he had gained the goal, just prior to when he
would have written his name among that galaxy of eminent men who
have gone before and made the world better for having lived in it. If
Grady had lived he would have carried to a happy ultimatum the
purpose he had just commenced in solving the vexatious race
problem, and in doing this he would have had a place with the
names of Jefferson, Washington, Clay, Calhoun, and Webster.
Grady was a great man. He was not only an orator of Hill-like
ability, but he was a statesman. His writings and speeches for years
were well able and well panoplied to grapple with and treat the most
intricate and complicated questions in a masterly manner.
His recent speech in Boston, at which time he contracted the cold
that terminated in his premature death, was particularly and
singularly forcible. The press and people, both North and South, with
one accord pronounced it one of the ablest papers of the nineteenth
century, and with this great work begun, and the great architect
thereof dead, it is difficult to conjecture who will or can come to the
front and finish the grand and noble undertaking.
Grady’s first and greatest love was Atlanta. He was like an
inexhaustible gold mine to that town, and the Gate City has
sustained an irreparable loss. But Atlanta’s confines were too
contracted for a heart and brain like his. He loved Georgia, almost
like he loved his mother, and for Georgia’s weal, he would have
sacrificed his all.
 Georgia’s loss, the South’s loss, cannot be estimated.
At his bier we bow our heads in profound sorrow, and were it so
that we could, we would cull the whitest flower in the whole world
and place it on the grave of this the truest, noblest Georgian of them
all.
 STRICKEN AT ITS ZENITH.

From the “Greenesboro Herald and Journal.”

On the mild Christmas morning the heart of Georgia is bowed in
sorrow over the death of her favorite son. It seems, indeed, a
mockery that amidst the joys and festivities of the Christmas time,
the dark shadow of the relentless foe of man should intrude his
presence and take from our land one who was its brightest hope, its
strongest support!
And yet it is true. Henry Grady is dead! The orator, the journalist,
the poet by nature, the man of the people, is dead! We cannot
realize it. So bright in his strong young manhood but one short week
ago, now folded in the arms of death! A greater shock, a keener
sorrow was never crushed upon a people!
This is not the time, in the shadow of the grave but in the
brightness of his glory, to speak fully of him that is gone! Our pen
fails, and all it can say is “Thou has stricken Thy people, O God! and
in Thy wisdom Thou hast given us bitterness to drain! Let not our
hearts rebel against Thee, our Lord and our God!”
The death which has come to Georgia to-day cannot be measured
in its irreparable loss. A week ago the South was in mourning over
the death of her great leader! But he belonged to the past, and while
the sorrow fell deep, yet we realize that a life had ended which had
filled its fullest mission. But in the death of Henry Grady the South
has lost a leader of to-day—an active, earnest, true man, whose
heart, bound up in the advancement of his people, was but laying
brighter and fresher and truer plans for their prosperity. To every
heart in the South the question comes “Who will lead us now? Who
will defend our principles now that he is taken from us?” And out of
the blackness of our desolation it seems that no star shines to guide
us!
 It is, perhaps, well that the last effort of Mr. Grady was in defense
of our institutions and in support of the principles, motives and
ambitions of his people. He died with the gathering halo of a people’s
love clustering about him! He went to death with a defense of that
people clinging to his lips and to his heart! In the zenith of his
usefulness he was cut down! Why? God in His infinite wisdom knows
best!
We can pay no tribute to the memory of Henry Grady greater than
the love which weeps at his bier this morning. And yet the writer
would lay, amidst the offerings which fall from the overflowing hearts
of thousands to-day, a tiny tribute to his memory. He was our friend,
wise and true and earnest in his counsels—pointing out that the true
end of the journalist is the defense and advancement of his people.
As a journalist, perhaps, has his greatest work been done, and upon
the heart of every man of the pen he left an impression that his
vocation is ennobled and is the grander that Henry Grady made it his
love. And, in the shadow of death will come this consoling thought.
That the press, which was his power, and which remains as the
bulwark of the people, is the purer, and the better, and the stronger
from the principles which Henry Grady inculcated in it. To carry out
that work, which has fallen from his hands in death, should move the
heart of every journalist, and when its fullest fruition has come, then
will the crown upon the fame of Henry Grady shine the brighter!
Peace to the great man gathered to his reward! The future will
crown his memory with the bright flowers which will come as the
fruition of his hopes and of his life-work!
 THE SOUTHLAND MOURNS.

From the “Griffin Morning Call.”

The brilliant young editor of the Atlanta Constitution entered into
rest eternal and closed an earth-life remarkable for splendor at 3:40
o’clock yesterday morning. His brief career reflects not only glory
upon his name, but also crowns with unique distinction the high
profession of journalism. A noble representative of the grand old
State of Georgia, the lustre of his life-work was reflected upon the
commonwealth he served and to whose honor he consecrated the
ripeness of his learning, his eloquence and his patriotism.
His harp hangs now mute upon the willows! No more shall the soul
and intellect of the thoughtful North or South, in New York, New
England, Texas or Georgia, be stirred to the depths by his
impassioned words or impressed by his unanswerable logic. “The
silver cord is loosed, the golden bowl is broken.” But the music his
harp evoked is not dead and shall long linger a sweet song in many
hearts, and his works do follow him.
He was born in Athens, Ga., in 1851, and though a man of well
ripened powers, had not reached that prime when a strong man’s
capacity for labor is most highly tested.
He was educated at the State University, and afterward pursued a
post graduate course at the University of Virginia, where so many
noble characters have been molded.
Here the orator and scholar grew and nature’s rare gifts were
fused and refined in the crucible of mental discipline. The studies
which specially attracted him and in which he excelled, were Greek,
Anglo-Saxon, history and belles-letters. Thus, evidently a most
copious vocabulary was created and the mind stored with fertile
illustrations in the department of history and general literature. In the
happy use of words, in graceful rhetoric he was not surpassed by
any American of his day. Roscoe Conkling or Col. Ingersoll might be
compared to him, but the former had not Grady’s tact, neither his full
vocabulary, and never treated the difficult and delicate topics Grady