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    Structure of Java Program

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    Structure of Java Program

    Uploaded by

    kunchalakalyanimsc
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    2 views4 pages

    Structure of Java Program

    Uploaded by

    kunchalakalyanimsc

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Structure of Java Program

    Java is an object-oriented programming, platform-


    independent, and secure programming language that makes it popular. Using the
    Java programming language, we can develop a wide variety of applications. So,
    before diving in depth, it is necessary to understand the basic structure of Java
    program in detail. In this section, we have discussed the basic structure of a Java
    program. At the end of this section, you will able to develop the Hello world Java
    program, easily.

    Let's see which elements are included in the structure of a Java program. A typical
    structure of a Java program contains the following elements:

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    o Documentation Section
    o Package Declaration
    o Import Statements
    o Interface Section
    o Class Definition
    o Class Variables and Variables
    o Main Method Class
    o Methods and Behaviors

    Documentation Section
    The documentation section is an important section but optional for a Java program.
    It includes basic information about a Java program. The information includes
    the author's name, date of creation, version, program name, company
    name, and description of the program. It improves the readability of the program.
    Whatever we write in the documentation section, the Java compiler ignores the
    statements during the execution of the program. To write the statements in the
    documentation section, we use comments. The comments may be single-line,
    multi-line, and documentation comments.

    o Single-line Comment: It starts with a pair of forwarding slash (//). For


    example:

    1. //First Java Program

    o Multi-line Comment: It starts with a /* and ends with */. We write between
    these two symbols. For example:

    1. /*It is an example of
    2. multiline comment*/

    o Documentation Comment: It starts with the delimiter (/**) and ends with */.
    For example:

    1. /**It is an example of documentation comment*/

    Package Declaration
    The package declaration is optional. It is placed just after the documentation section.
    In this section, we declare the package name in which the class is placed. Note that
    there can be only one package statement in a Java program. It must be defined
    before any class and interface declaration. It is necessary because a Java class can be
    placed in different packages and directories based on the module they are used. For
    all these classes package belongs to a single parent directory. We use the
    keyword package to declare the package name. For example:

    1. package javatpoint; //where javatpoint is the package name


    2. package com.javatpoint; //where com is the root directory and javatpoint is the subd
    irectory

    Import Statements
    The package contains the many predefined classes and interfaces. If we want to use
    any class of a particular package, we need to import that class. The import statement
    represents the class stored in the other package. We use the import keyword to
    import the class. It is written before the class declaration and after the package
    statement. We use the import statement in two ways, either import a specific class or
    import all classes of a particular package. In a Java program, we can use multiple
    import statements. For example:

    1. import java.util.Scanner; //it imports the Scanner class only


    2. import java.util.*; //it imports all the class of the java.util package

    Interface Section
    It is an optional section. We can create an interface in this section if required. We
    use the interface keyword to create an interface. An interface is a slightly different
    from the class. It contains only constants and method declarations. Another
    difference is that it cannot be instantiated. We can use interface in classes by using
    the implements keyword. An interface can also be used with other interfaces by
    using the extends keyword. For example:

    1. interface car
    2. {
    3. void start();
    4. void stop();
    5. }

    Class Definition
    In this section, we define the class. It is vital part of a Java program. Without
    the class, we cannot create any Java program. A Java program may conation more
    than one class definition. We use the class keyword to define the class. The class is a
    blueprint of a Java program. It contains information about user-defined methods,
    variables, and constants. Every Java program has at least one class that contains the
    main() method. For example:

    1. class Student //class definition


    2. {
    3. }

    Class Variables and Constants


    In this section, we define variables and constants that are to be used later in the
    program. In a Java program, the variables and constants are defined just after the
    class definition. The variables and constants store values of the parameters. It is used
    during the execution of the program. We can also decide and define the scope of
    variables by using the modifiers. It defines the life of the variables. For example:

    1. class Student //class definition


    2. {
    3. String sname; //variable
    4. int id;
    5. double percentage;
    6. }

    Main Method Class


    In this section, we define the main() method. It is essential for all Java programs.
    Because the execution of all Java programs starts from the main() method. In other
    words, it is an entry point of the class. It must be inside the class. Inside the main
    method, we create objects and call the methods. We use the following statement to
    define the main() method:

    1. public static void main(String args[])


    2. {
    3. }

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