Formula Sheet and Useful Data for PHYC10004 (may be detached)

Page 1 of 2

Constants

Mass of electron, me 9.109 x 10-31 kg = 0.00055 u Atomic mass unit u 1.6605 x 10-27 kg = 931.49 MeV/c2
Mass of proton, mp 1.673 x 10-27 kg = 1.00728 u 1 eV = 1.6 x 10 J
-19

Mass of neutron, mn 1.675 x 10-27 kg = 1.00866 u Speed of light in vacuum, c 299 792 458 m s-1
Electron charge magnitude, e 1.6 x 10-19 C Gravitational acceleration, g 9.8 m s-2
Permeability of free space, µo 4π x 10-7 T m A-1 Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s = 4.14 x 10-15 eV s
Permittivity of free space, εo 8.85 x 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2 Rydberg constant, R 1.097373 x 107 m-1
Bohr radius, aB 0.529 x 10-10 m Boltzmann constant, kB 1.38 x 10-23 J K-1
Avogadro’s number, NA 6.02 x 1023 mol-1 Stefan-Boltzmann constant, σ 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4
Density of water 1000.0 kg/m3 1 atm = 101325 Pa = 760 mm Hg
Resistivity of Copper 1.68 x 10-8 Ω.m

Formulae

Electromagnetism
𝑞𝑞1 𝑞𝑞2 ∞
𝑭𝑭 𝑈𝑈(𝑃𝑃)
𝑭𝑭 = 𝑟𝑟̂ 𝑬𝑬 = 𝑉𝑉(𝑃𝑃) = � 𝑬𝑬. 𝑑𝑑𝒔𝒔 =
4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝑟𝑟 2 𝑞𝑞 𝑃𝑃 𝑞𝑞
𝑞𝑞 𝑞𝑞
𝑊𝑊 = −∆𝑈𝑈 𝑬𝑬 = 𝒓𝒓� 𝑉𝑉 =
4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝑟𝑟 2 4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝑟𝑟
𝑞𝑞𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑃𝑃1 𝒑𝒑 = 𝑞𝑞𝒅𝒅
� 𝑬𝑬. 𝑑𝑑𝑨𝑨 = ∆𝑉𝑉 = − � 𝑬𝑬. 𝑑𝑑𝒔𝒔 𝝉𝝉 = 𝒑𝒑 × 𝑬𝑬
𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝑃𝑃2 𝑈𝑈 = −𝒑𝒑. 𝑬𝑬
𝑉𝑉 2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑃𝑃 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = = 𝑖𝑖 2 𝑅𝑅 𝜌𝜌 = 𝜌𝜌0 (1 + 𝛼𝛼Δ𝑇𝑇)
𝑅𝑅
𝑄𝑄 1 1 1 𝑞𝑞 2 𝐴𝐴𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜
𝐶𝐶 = 𝑈𝑈 = 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 = 𝐶𝐶𝑉𝑉 2 = 𝐶𝐶 =
𝑉𝑉 2 2 2 𝐶𝐶 𝑑𝑑
1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝜀𝜀 = 𝜅𝜅𝜀𝜀0 𝑈𝑈𝐸𝐸 = 2𝜅𝜅𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝐸𝐸 2 𝑖𝑖 = = 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑣𝑣𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑭𝑭 = 𝑞𝑞𝒗𝒗 × 𝑩𝑩 𝑭𝑭 = 𝑖𝑖𝒍𝒍 × 𝑩𝑩 � 𝑩𝑩. 𝑑𝑑𝑨𝑨 = 0

𝐵𝐵 = 𝜇𝜇𝑜𝑜 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 Φ𝐸𝐸 = � 𝑬𝑬. 𝑑𝑑𝑨𝑨 Φ𝐵𝐵 = � 𝑩𝑩. 𝑑𝑑𝑨𝑨

𝜇𝜇0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝒔𝒔 × 𝒓𝒓� 𝑑𝑑Φ𝐵𝐵
𝑑𝑑𝑩𝑩 = 𝜀𝜀 = � 𝑬𝑬. 𝑑𝑑𝒔𝒔 = − � 𝑩𝑩. 𝑑𝑑𝒔𝒔 = 𝜇𝜇𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 + 𝜇𝜇𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝐷𝐷
4𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑Φ𝐸𝐸 𝝉𝝉 = 𝝁𝝁 × 𝑩𝑩
𝑖𝑖𝐷𝐷 = 𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 𝜇𝜇 = 𝑖𝑖 × (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑈𝑈 = −𝝁𝝁. 𝑩𝑩

2022 PHYC10004 Physics 2: Physical Science and Technology Exam Page 14 of 15

 Formula Sheet and Useful Data for PHYC10004

Page 2 of 2

Fluids

1 𝑀𝑀
𝑅𝑅 = 𝐴𝐴1 𝑣𝑣1 = 𝐴𝐴2 𝑣𝑣2 𝑝𝑝 + 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌ℎ + 𝜌𝜌𝑣𝑣 2 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝜌𝜌 =
2 𝑉𝑉

𝐹𝐹
𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 + 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌ℎ 𝑝𝑝 = 𝐹𝐹𝐵𝐵 = 𝜌𝜌𝐹𝐹 𝑉𝑉𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑔𝑔
𝐴𝐴
Modern Physics

8𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋ℎ 1 𝑐𝑐
𝜆𝜆𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑇𝑇 = 2898 𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇 𝐾𝐾 𝑢𝑢𝜆𝜆 (𝑇𝑇) = � ℎ𝑐𝑐 � 𝑠𝑠𝜆𝜆 (𝑇𝑇) = 𝑢𝑢𝜆𝜆 (𝑇𝑇)
𝜆𝜆5 4
𝑒𝑒 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 −1
ℎ𝑐𝑐
𝑃𝑃 = 𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎𝑇𝑇 4 ℎ𝑓𝑓 = 𝐾𝐾𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 + 𝜙𝜙 𝐸𝐸 = ℎ𝑓𝑓 =
𝜆𝜆
ℎ ℎ
𝜆𝜆 = 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∆𝜆𝜆 = (1 − cos 𝜃𝜃)
𝑝𝑝 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
ℎ2 2 4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 ℏ2 2
𝐸𝐸𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛 𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛 = 𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎𝐵𝐵 𝑛𝑛2 2𝑑𝑑 sin 𝜃𝜃 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
8𝑚𝑚𝐿𝐿2 𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑒 2
𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑒 4 𝑍𝑍 2 13.6𝑍𝑍 2 𝜀𝜀o ℎ2 ℏ
𝐸𝐸𝑛𝑛 = − = − 𝑎𝑎𝐵𝐵 = = 52.92 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 Δ𝑥𝑥Δ𝑝𝑝 ≥
8𝜀𝜀02 ℎ2 𝑛𝑛2 𝑛𝑛2 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝑒𝑒 2 2
1 1 1 1
𝑓𝑓 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 � 2 − 2� 𝑟𝑟𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 = (1.2 × 10−15 𝑚𝑚)𝐴𝐴3 𝜈𝜈𝑛𝑛 = 𝑐𝑐𝛼𝛼𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
𝑛𝑛2 𝑛𝑛1 𝑛𝑛
𝐿𝐿 = �𝑙𝑙(𝑙𝑙 + 1)ℏ 𝑒𝑒 2 1
𝑆𝑆𝑧𝑧 = 𝑚𝑚𝑠𝑠 ℎ 𝛼𝛼𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = ≈
𝐿𝐿𝑧𝑧 = 𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙 ℎ 4𝜋𝜋𝜀𝜀𝑜𝑜 ℏ𝑐𝑐 137
log e 2 𝐵𝐵. 𝐸𝐸.
𝑁𝑁(𝑡𝑡) = 𝑁𝑁0 𝑒𝑒 −𝜆𝜆𝜆𝜆 𝜆𝜆 = = (𝐴𝐴 − 𝑍𝑍)𝑚𝑚𝑛𝑛 + 𝑍𝑍𝑚𝑚𝑝𝑝 − 𝑚𝑚𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝜏𝜏1⁄2 𝑐𝑐 2

2022 PHYC10004 Physics 2: Physical Science and Technology Exam Page 15 of 15