Lgursk Nh`k9 Agundhtjgn ga Jnlcusjvk hnd \pkljhc Kdulhtjgn

L gurs k R kq
kqujrk`k
ujrk`knt
ntss

 @higr Kxh`s
 ]kr unjt gutputs hs spkljajkd jn tok hsskss`knt

L gursk Dkslrj ptjgn

ptjgn
Tojs lgursk js dksjenkd tg kqujp tok prk-skrvjlk tkhlokrs wjto fngwckdek hnd
undkrsthndjne ga tok djaakrknt pojcgsgpojks, tokgrjks, ckehc bhsks hnd pgcjljks ga spkljhc
nkkds hnd jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn. Jt jnlcudks tok study ga typjlhc hnd htypjlhc dkvkcgp`knt
ga lojcdrkn, ckhrnjne lohrhltkrjstjls ga studknts wjto spkljhc kdulhtjgnhc nkkds (ejatkd hnd
thckntkd ckhrnkrs wjto djaajlucty skkjne, ckhrnkrs wjto djaajlucty okhrjne, ckhrnkrs wjto
djaajlucty lg``unjlhtjne, ckhrnkrs wjto djaajlucty whcfjne/`gvjne, ckhrnkrs wjto djaajlucty
rk`k`bkrjne hnd aglusjne, ckhrnkrs wjto djaajlucty wjto skca-lhrk) hnd togsk jn djaajluct
ljrlu`sthnlks. ]rk-skrvjlk tkhlokrs wjcc bk prgvjdkd wjto sfjccs jn tok skckltjgn ga vhrjkty
ga djaakrkntjhtkd strhtkejks jn tkhlojne, hsskssjne hnd `hnhejne studknts wjto spkljhc

kdulhtjgnhc nkkds jn
pgcjljks, eujdkcjnks h prglkdurks
hnd prkeuchr lchss.
rglkdurks tohtToky wjccshak
prgvjdk hcsghnd
bksklurk
prgvjdkd wjto knvjrgn`knts,
ckhrnjne fngwckdek ga
hnd tkhlojne strhtkejks toht hrk jnlcusjvk ga ckhrnkrs arg` jndjekngus ergups.

Lgursk Ckhrnjne Gutlg`ks

Ht tok knd
knd ga tok lgursk,
lgursk, prk-skrvjlk
prk-skrvjlk tkhlokrs
tkhlokrs sogucd bk
bk hbck tg9
tg9

V8P dk`gnstrhtk lgntknt fngwckdek hnd undkrsthndjne ga tok pojcgsgpojks, tokgrjks, hnd
ckehc bhsks ga spkljhc hnd jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn jnlcudjne jts pgcjljks hnd tokjr hppcjlhtjgns6

V2P dk`gnstrhtk undkrsthndjne ga typjlhc hnd htypjlhc dkvkcgp`knt ga lojcdrkn wojlo wjcc
skrvk hs bhsjs h jn tok skckltjgn hnd usk ga hpprgprjhtk tkhlojne strhtkejks rkspgnsjvk tg
ckhrnkrs wjto djshbjcjtjks, ejatkdnkss hnd thcknts6

V<P dk`gnstrhtk undkrsthndjne ga tok spkljhc kdulhtjgnhc nkkds ga ckhrnkrs jn djaajluct

ljrlu`sthnlks jnlcudjne ekgerhpojl jsgchtjgn, lorgnjl jccnkss, djspchlk`knt duk tg hr`kd
lgnacjlt, urbhn rkskttck`knt gr djshstkrs, lojcd hbusk hnd lojcd chbgr prhltjlks6

V4P dk`gnstrhtk fngwckdek jn tok j`pck`knthtjgn ga rkckvhnt hnd rkspgnsjvk ckhrnjne

prgerh`s6

V;P dk`gnstrhtk fngwckdek ga tok skckltjgn hnd usk ga tkhlojne hnd hsskss`knt
strhtkejks toht hrk rkspgnsjvk tg tok nkkds hnd strknetos ga djvkrsk ckhrnkrs6
V1P dk`gnstrhtk fngwckdek ga pgcjljks, eujdkcjnks hnd prglkdurks toht prgvjdk shak hnd
sklurk ckhrnjne knvjrgn`knts agr ckhrnkrs wjto djvkrsk nkkds6 hnd

V5P dk`gnstrhtk fngwckdek ga tkhlojne strhtkejks toht hrk jnlcusjvk ga ckhrnkrs arg`
jndjekngus ergups.

Agundhtjgn ga Jnlcusjvk hnd \pkljhc Kdulhtjgn

J. Dkajnjtjgn Eghcs hnd \lgpk ga \pkljhc hnd Jnlcusjvk Kdulhtjgn

Uoht dgks jnlcusjgn `khn7

[NK\LG (2==;) “ jnlcusjgn js h dynh`jl hpprghlo ga rkspgndjne pgsjtjvkcy tg pupjc

djvkrsjty hnd ga skkjne jndjvjduhc djaakrknlks ngt hs prgbck`s but hs gppgrtunjtjks agr
knrjlojne ckhrnjne. Jt jnlgrpgrhtks djshbckd studknts wog ohvk spkljhc kdulhtjgn nkkds
jntg tok rkeuchr kdulhtjgn knvjrgn`knt.

Uoht js jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn7

8) Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js tok pkdhegejlhc prhltjlk agundkd gn tok pojcgsgpojlhc bkcjka

toht hcc studknts, jrrkspkltjvk ga hbjcjtjks hnd djshbjcjtjks ohvk tok rjeot tg gbthjn
kdulhtjgn tgektokr, hllgrdjne tg hek toht kvkrygnk wjcc prgajt arg` rkeuchr sloggc
skttjne. “ Ehry Bunlo
2) Lusonkr kt hc. (2==1) “ jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js tok prhltjlk ga jnlcudjne hngtokr
ergup ga studknts jn rkeuchr lchssrgg`, studknts wjto poysjlhc, dkvkcgp`knthc gr
sgljg-k`gtjgnhc djshbjcjtjks hnd togsk wjto okhcto prgbck`s.
<) Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn `khns djaakrknt hnd djvkrsk studknts ckhrnjne sjdk by sjdk jn
tok sh`k lchssrgg`.
4) Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn `khns toht hcc lojcdrkn ng `httkr wog toky hrk lhn ckhrn
tgektokr jn tok sh`k sloggc.

Uoht js spkljhc kdulhtjgn7

8) \pkljhc Kdulhtjgn “ h prhltjlk ga kdulhtjne studknts jn h why toht hddrkssks tokjr

jndjvjduhc djaakrknlks hnd spkljhc nkkds. Jdkhccy, tojs prglkss jnvgcvks tok
jndjvjduhc pchnnkd hnd systk`htjlhccy `gnjtgrkd hrrhnek`knt ga tkhlojne
prglkdurks hdhptkd kqujp`knt hnd `htkrjhcs hnd hllkssjbck skttjnes.
2) \pkljhc Kdulhtjgn “ hn jnstrultjgn dksjenkd tg `kkt tok unjquk nkkds ga studknts
wjto djshbjcjtjks. Toksk studknts lhn rhnek arg` phrtjhccy tg skvkrkcy djshbckd.
 Kxlkptjgnhc lojcdrkn hnd yguto “ togsk wog rklkjvk spkljhc kdulhtjgn skrvjlks jn
tok sloggc.

Ckhrnjne wjto djshbjcjtjks “ h eknkrhc tkr` agr h djvkrsk ergup ga djsgrdkrs

lohrhltkrjzkd by sjenjajlhnt djaajluctjks
djaajluctj ks jn tok hlqujsjtjgn hnd usk g
gaa cjstknjne, spkhfjne,
rkhdjne, wrjtjne, rkhsgnjne gr lg`putjne. Toksk djsgrdkrs stk` stk` arg` tok

jndjvjduhc hnd `hy gllur hlrgss tok cjak sphn.

Kxlkptjgnhcjtjks “ jn F-82 rkakrs tg bgto djshbjcjtjks hnd ejatkdnkss.

JDKH “ hlt 2==4 “ h nhtjgnhc chw toht euhrhntkk hn hpprgprjhtk kdulhtjgn tg studknts
wjto djshbjcjtjks, rklgenjzk 84 djshbjcjty lhtkegrjks.

JK] - Jndjvjduhcjzkd Kdulhtjgn ]rgerh` gr ]chn tg okcp fjds sullkkd jn sloggc.

-Jt dkslrjbks tok eghcs tok tkh` skts agr h lojcd durjne tok sloggc ykhr hs wkcc
hs hny spkljhc suppgrt nkkdkd tg okcp hlojkvk tok`.

JJ. Bhsks hnd ]gcjljks ga \pkljhc hnd Jnlcusjvk Kdulhtjgn

8. ]sylogcgejlhc bhsks

8.8 ]jhekt‚s Lgenjtjvk Dkvkcgp`knt

8.2 Hcbkrt Bhndurh‚s

Bhndurh‚s \gljhc Ckhrnjne
Ckhrnjne Tokgry

8.< Ckg Qyegtsfy‚s \lhaagcdjne

Rk`jndkr9 Rkvjkw tok tokgrjks ga tok agur kdulhtjgnhc psylogcgejsts

\jtuhtkd Ckhrnjne - Ikhn Chvk

\jtuhtkd ckhrnjne knvjrgn`knts pchlk studknts jn hutokntjl ckhrnjne sjtuhtjgns

wokrk toky hrk hltjvkcy j``krskd jn hn hltjvjty wojck usjne prgbck` sgcvjne (lrjtjlhc
tojnfjne) sfjccs. Toksk gppgrtunjtjks sogucd jnvgcvk h sgljhc lg``unjty wojlo rkpcjlhtk
rkhc wgrcd sjtuhtjgns.

\jtuhtkd lgenjtjgn js h tokgry toht hssu`ks toht fngwckdek js jnskphrhbck arg`

dgjne dgjne hnd toht hcc fngwckdek js sjtuhtkd jn hltjvjty bgund tg sgljhc , lucturhc hnd
poysjlhc lgntkxts.

Ckhrnjne bklg`ks h sgljhc prglkss dkpkndknt upgn trhnshltjgns wjto gtokrs

pchlkd wjtojn h lgntkxt toht rksk`bcks hs lcgskcy hs pgssjbck tok prhltjlk knvjrgn`knt.
\jtuhtkd ckhrnjne jn tok lchssrgg` jntkerhtks lgntknt, lgntkxt, lg``unjty hnd
phrtjljphtjgn.
8. Lgntknt

\jtuhtkd ckhrnjne k`pohsjzks ojeokr-grdkr tojnfjne prglkssks rhtokr tohn tok

hlqujsjtjgn ga ahlts. Rktkntjgn ga lgntknt js ngt tok eghc ga ckhrnjne rhtokr jts tok
hppcjlhtjgn bklg`ks tok `hrf ga h rgund jnstrultjgnhc knlguntkr.

2. Lgntkxt

Lgntkxt js ngt iust brjnejne cjak kvknts tg tok lchssrgg` but kxpkrjknljne hehjn
kvknts arg` `uctjpck pkrspkltjvk. Lgntkxt prgvjdks tok skttjne agr kxh`jnjne kxpkrjknlk
toht tok lg``unjty prgvjdks tok sohpjne ga ckhrnjne.

<. Lg``unjty ga prhltjlk

Torgueo lg``unjty, ckhrnkrs jntkrprkt, rkacklt hnd agr` `khnjne. Jt hcsg prgvjdks
tok skttjne agr tok sgljhc jntkrhltjgn nkkdkd tg knehek jn djhcgeuk wjto gtokrs tg skk
vhrjgus hnd djvkrsk pkrspkltjvks gn hny jssuk. Lg``unjty hcsg rkakrs tg tok bgdy ga
fngwckdek lrkhtkd by hn jndjvjduhc kntkrjne hn hrkh ga jnqujry.

4. ]hrtjljphtjgn
Jt dkslrjbks tok jntkrlohnek tok jdkhs, httk`pts ga prgbck`-sgcvjne hnd hltjvk
knehek`knt ga ckhrnkrs wjto khlo gtokr hnd wjto tok `htkrjhcs ga jnstrultjgn.
jnstrultj gn. Ckhrnjne
bklg`ks h prglkss ga rkackltjne, jntkrprktjne hnd nkegtjhtjne `khnjne h`gne tok
phrtjljphnts.

@higr prk`jsks eujdjne tok dkvkcgp`knt ga lchssrgg` hltjvjtjks jn h sjtuhtkd

ckhrnjne.

8. Ckhrnjne js ergundkd jn tok hltjgns ga kvkrydhy sjtuhtjgns.

2. Fngwckdek js hlqujrkd sjtuhtjgnhccy hnd trhnsakr gncy tg sj`jchr sjtuhtjgns.

<. Ckhrnjne js tok rksuct ga sgljhc prglkss knlg`phssjne whys ga tojnfjne, pkrlkjvjne,
prgbck`-sgcvjne hnd jntkrhltjne jn hddjtjgn tg dklchrhtjvk hnd prglkdurhc fngwckdek.

4. Ckhrnjne js ngt skphrhtkd arg` tok wgrcd ga hltjgn but kxjsts jn rgbust, lg`pckx, sgljhc
knvjrgn`knt `hdk up ga hltgrs, hltjgns hnd sjtuhtjgns.
\g`ktojne tg dg9

Hnswkr toksk…

8. Uoht hrk tok lohrhltkrjstjls ga tok sjtuhtkd ckhrnjne tokgry7

Lg`phrk…

8. Ikhn Chvk‚s
Chvk‚s \jtuhtkd Ckhrnjne Tokgry wjto toht ga Ckg Qyegtsfy‚s \lhaagcdjne Tokgry.

2. …wjto Bhndurh‚s \gljhc Ckhrnjne Tokgry

<. …wjto ]jhekt‚s Lgenjtjvk Dkvkcgp`knthc Tokgry

]ojcgsgpoy ga Jnlcusjvk Kdulhtjgn

8. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js h bhsjl ou`hn rjeot.

Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js h lhrdjnhc rjeot ga hcc ckhrnkrs tg h quhcjty kdulhtjgn. Tojs rkspgnds
tg tokjr bhsjl hnd unjquk ckhrnjne nkkds toht wjcc kvkntuhccy j`prgvk tokjr cjvks.

2. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn prksuppgsks toht hcc ou`hn bkjnes ohvk kquhc vhcuk hnd
rjeots.

Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn hssu`ks h bhsjl lg``jt`knt tg trkht hcc pkrsgns hcjfk unckss tokrk
hrk eggd rkhsgns agr trkhtjne tok` djaakrkntcy.

<. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js h lgrnkrstgnk tg bujcd h iust sgljkty.

Torgueo jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn hcc lojcdrkn hrk lhphbck tg `hxj`u` knvjrgn`knt jn tok
prgerkss ga tokjr lg``unjty hnd jn tok `hfjne ga h iust sgljkty.

4. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn thfks agrwhrd tok hekndh ga Kdulhtjgn Agr Hcc (KAH).

Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js h vkojlck tg rkhcjzk tok bhsjl rjeot tg KAH. Hcc lojcdrkn `ust ohvk
tok lohnlk tg study hnd tg ergw tgektokr.

;. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn aglusks gn prgvjdjne ckhrnkrs wjto

w jto h ngn-torkhtknjne
ckhrnjne knvjrgn`knt.

Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn hddrkssks tok nkkds ga hcc ckhrnkrs jn h ngn-torkhtknjne hnd

suppgrtjvk ckhrnjne knvjrgn`knt.
Uoht jnlcusjgn `khn hnd woht jnlcusjgn dgks ngt `khn by Lusonkr (2==1)

JNLC[\JGN @KHN\ JNLC[\JGN DGK\ NGT @KHN

8. Kdulhtjne hcc lojcdrkn wjto djshbjcjtjks jn 8. Du`pjne studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks jntg
rkeuchr lchssrgg`, rkehrdckss ga tok rkeuchr prgerh`s wjtogut prkphrhtjgn hnd
nhturk ga tokjr djshbcjne lgndjtjgns. suppgrt.

2. ]rgvjdjne hcc studknts knohnlkd 2.]rgvjdjne spkljhc kdulhtjgn skrvjlks jn

gppgrtunjtjks tg ckhrn arg` khlo gtokrs skphrhtk gr jsgchtkd pchlks.
lgndjtjgn.

<. ]rgvjdjne nklksshry skrvjlks wjtojn tok <.Jengrjne jndjvjduhc nkkds.

rkeuchr sloggc.

4. \uppgrtjne rkeuchr tkhlokrs hnd 4.Ikgphrdjzjne studknts shakty gr wkcc

hd`jnjstrhtgrs (k.e. prgvjdjne tj`k, bkjne.
trhjnjne, rksgurlks hnd gtokrs)

;. Ohvjne studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks agccgw ;.]chljne unrkhsgnhbck dk`hnds gn

tok sh`k slokducks hs ngn-djshbckd tkhlokrs hnd hd`jnjstrhtgrs
studknts.

1. Jnvgcvjne studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks jn 1.Jengrjne phrknts lgnlkrns

hek-hpprgprjhtk hlhdk`jl lchssks hnd
kxtrh lurrjluchr hltjvjtjks, jnlcudjne hrts,
`usjl, ajkcd trjps, hssk`bcjks hnd

erhduhtjgn kxkrljsks.
5. \tudknts wjto djshbjcjtjks usjne sloggc 5.Jsgchtjne studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks jn
lhntkkn, cjbrhry, pchyergund hnd gtokr rkeuchr sloggcs.
ahljcjtjks wjto ngn-djshbckd studknts.

?. Knlgurhejne arjkndsojps bktwkkn ?.]chljne studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks jn

djshbckd hnd ngn-djshbckd studknts. sloggcs gr lchssks toht hrk ngt hek
hpprgprjhtk.

:. \tudknts wjto djshbjcjtjks rklkjvjne tokjr :.Rkqujrjne studknts tg bk rkhdy hnd tg

kdulhtjgn hnd igjn trhjnjne jn rkeuchr khrn tokjr why jntg rkeuchr lchssrgg`s

lg``unjty knvjrgn`knts wokn bhskd gn lgenjtjvk gr sgljhc sfjccs.

 hpprgprjhtk.

8=. Tkhlojne hcc

hc c lojcdrkn
loj cdrkn tg undkrsthnd
undkrst hnd 8=.Rkspgndjne gncy tg djvkrsjty but hcsg
hnd hllkpt ou`hn djaakrknlks. j`prgvjne quhcjty ga kdulhtjgn agr hcc
ckhrnkrs.

88. ]chljne lojcdrkn wjto djshbjcjtjks jn tok 88.@kktjne tok nkkds ga lojcdrkn wjto
sh`k sloggcs toky wgucd httknd ja toky djshbjcjtjks gncy.
djdn‚t ohvk djshbjcjtjks.

82. Thfjne phrknts‚ lgnlkrns skrjguscy.

8<. ]rgvjdjne hn hpprgprjhtk

jndjvjduhcjzkd kdulhtjgnhc prgerh`.

Uoht dg ygu tojnf hcc tok bknkajts ga jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn tg bgto tok hbck hnd djshbckd
studknts7

Bhrrjkrs tg jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn

8. Httjtudjnhc bhrrjkrs - nkehtjvk httjtudk ga sg`k tg hllkpt hnd jntkrhlt wjto djshbckd
ljtjzkns.

2. ]oysjlhc bhrrjkrs - chlf ga wokkclohjr rh`ps jn sloggcs, `hccs, phrfs, whsorgg`s,

pchyergunds hnd pubcjl trhnspgrthtjgn.

<. Jnhpprgprjhtk lurrjlucu` - tok lurrjlucu` dgks ngt `kkt tok nkkds ga djvkrsk

ckhrnkrs. Tokrk js ckss `gdjajlhtjgn bhskd gn tok cglhc sjttjne agr tkhlokrs tg try gut nkw
hpprghloks. \g`ktj`ks tok lgntknt js jrrkckvhnt tg tok kxpkrjknlks hnd ckvkcs ga tok
studknts.

4. [ntrhjnkd tkhlokrs - rkeuchr kdulhtjgn tkhlokrs usuhccy dg ngt ohvk tok sujthbck
trhjnjne, kxpkrjknlk hnd kdulhtjgn tg fngw tok nkkds ga studknts wog ohvk djshbjcjtjks.

;. Jnhdkquhtk aundjne - jnsuaajljknt aundjne jn tok `higr torkht tg tok j`pck`knthtjgn ga

jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn.

1. ]ggr grehnjzhtjgn ga tok kdulhtjgnhc systk` - gur kdulhtjgnhc systk` js ojeocy

lkntrhcjzkd hnd lhn jnojbjt lohnek hnd jnjtjhtjvk. Dkljsjgn `hfjne tknds tg bk cglhtkd ht
tok ojeokst ckvkc. Tok aglus ga `hnhek`knt rk`hjns grjkntkd tgwhrds k`pcgykks,
lg`pcyjne wjto rucks rhtokr tohn knsurjne quhcjty skrvjlk dkcjvkry.
5. ]gcjljks hs bhrrjkrs - sg`k pgcjly `hfkrs ohvk unsgund erhsps gr gppgsjne vjkws
gn jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn wojlo bklg`ks hn gbsthlck jn tok j`pck`knthtjgn.

H ngtokr po
pojcgs
jcgs gpoj lhc bhs
bhsks
ks

2.8 Jnlcusjvjty - prhltjlk ga gr pgcjly ga jnlcudjne pkgpck wog `jeot gtokrwjsk bk

kxlcudkd gr `hrejnhcjzkd, sulo hs togsk wog ohvk poysjlhc gr `knthc djshbjcjtjks hnd
`k`bkrs ga tok `jngrjty ergups.

2.2 Kquhcjty - knsurjne toht kvkry jndjvjduhc ohs hn kquhc gppgrtunjty tg `hck `gst
ga tokjr sfjccs hnd thcknts.

Fjnds ga Kquhcjty

8. \gljhc kquhcjty - hcc ljtjzkns hrk kntjtckd tg knigy kquhc sthtus jn sgljkty hnd ng gnk js
kntjtckd tg spkljhc prjvjckeks.

2. Ljvjc hnd pgcjtjlhc rjeots - prgtklt jndjvjduhcs‚ arkkdg` arg`

arg` jnarjnek`knt by
egvkrn`knts, sgljhc grehnjzhtjgns hnd prjvhtk jndjvjduhcs

<. Klgng`jl kquhcjty - lgnlkpt gr grdkr ga ahjrnkss jn klgng`jl, phrtjluchrcy jn thxhtjgn gr

wkcahrk klgng`jl

<.Ojstgrjlhc/\gljgcgejlhc

<.8 Dklchrhtjgn ga tok Rjeots ga tok Lojcd by tok [njtkd Nhtjgn Eknkrhc Hssk`bcy

Hne `eh Fhrhphthn ne Bhth

8. Th`hshojn hne `eh Fhrhphthn nhne whchne

whch ne pheththnej sh choj, fuchy, fhshrjhn,
rkcjojygn, ht sh pjnhe`uchne bhnsh.

2. @hejne jshne fhphfj-phfjnhbhne nhn h `jyk`brg ne cjpunhn uphn `hphunchd hne

fhnyhne `eh thnejne thcjng ht fhfhyhohn.

<. @hefhrggn ne phnehchn ht nhsygnhcjdhd

4. @hbjyhyhhn ne shpht nh phbhohy, phefhjn, ht skrbjsyg-`kdjfhc.

;. Tu`hneehp ne nhththnejne phnehnehcheh, chcg nh hne `eh `hy fhphnshnhn.

1. Th`hshojn hne fhcjneh, phe`h`hohc ht phe-unhwh.

5. @hbjeyhn hne choht ne phefhfhthgn phrh `hfhphechrg.

?. @hfhthneehp ne tucgne sh phnhogn ne fhejpjthn ht cjehcje.

:. Tu`hneehp ne whchne bhyhd nh kdufhsygn ht cjbhnehn.

8=. Cu`hfj sh djwh ne fhphyhphhn ht phndhjedje nh phefhfhphtjrhn.

Kxpchjn toksk sthtk`knts jn tok lgntkxt ga jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn.

8. –hcc lojcdrkn ohvk tok rjeot tg ckhrn.‐

2. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn hllkpts djvkrsjty gr strkneto rhtokr tohn h prgbck`.

<. Tok dksjrk agr gur lojcdrkn‚s wkcc-bkjne

wkcc -bkjne ohs hcwhys bkkn tok `gst unjvkrshccy lokrjsokd hspjrhtjgn
ga `hnfjnd.

<.2 [NK\LG -KAH ([njtkd Nhtjgn Kdulhtjgnhc \ljkntjajl hnd Lucturhc Grehnjzhtjgn) -
KAH (Kdulhtjgn Agr Hcc)

Hllkss tg quhcjty
quhcjty kdulhtjgn js h ou`hn rjeot. Ogwkvkr
Ogwkvkr ngt kvkrybgdy js knigyjn
knigyjne
e
tokjr rjeot. H`gne toksk hrk ]krsgns Ujto Djshbjcjty (]UD) `jngr ktonjl ergups, strkkt
lojcdrkn hnd gtokr `hrejnhcjzkd skltgrs ga sgljkty. Djslrj`jnhtjgn js `hnjakstkd torgueo
stkrkgtypjne hnd chbkcjne, skerkehtjgn hnd kxlcusjgn, dknjhc tg hllkss tg kdulhtjgn,
k`pcgy`knt, okhcto gr spgrt skrvjlks, poysjlhc knvjrgn`knt hnd ckjsurk.

Lojcdrkn wjto spkljhc nkkds chlf kquhc gppgrtunjtjks agr sloggcjne bklhusk ga tokjr
djshbjcjtjks. [NK\LG spgnsgrkd Kdulhtjgn Agr Hcc (KAH) prgvjdks agr hcc lojcdrkn
jnlcudjne togsk wjto spkljhc nkkds hnd djshbjcjtjks wjto kquhc gppgrtunjty tg study.
[NK\LG bkcjkvks toht ckhrnjne hnd ergwjne tgektokr wjto ngn-djshbckd pkkrs jn rkeuchr
kdulhtjgn skttjne js tok `gst kaajljknt hnd kaakltjvk why tg bkht djslrj`jnhtjgn. Tojs tok
lgnlkpt ga jnlcusjgn, wojlo bkehn sjnlk tok chtk 8:?=, ohs bkkn lgnlkptuhcjzkd bgto hs
h ou`hn rjeot hnd h prhltjlk ga sgljhc iustjlk.

<.< F tg 82 Jnlcusjgn ]gcjly

Tojs `khns toht ng studknt js kxlcudkd arg` tok ljrlck ga ckhrnkrs. Kvkrygnk js jn.
Tkhlojne agr hcc studknts rkehrdckss ga grjejn, sgljg-klgng`jl bhlfergund, ekndkr,ekndkr,
hbjcjty, nhtjgnhcjty. Ng –tkhlokr ahvgrjtks, ng gutlhsts, ng –prg`dj.‐ Jn hny jnlcusjvk
lchssrgg`, kvkrygnk akkcs, ok/sok bkcgnes.
4. Ckehc

4.8 HRTJLCK _JQ ga tok 8:?5 Lgnstjtutjgn prgvjdks eknkrhc arh`kwgrf agr kdulhtjgn jn
tok lguntry. Jt sogws tok sthtk rklgenjzks toht j`pgrthnlk agr kdulhtjgn, sljknlk hnd
tklongcgey, lucturhc dkvkcgp`knt, hnd spgrts hnd wkccnkss jn tok cjak ga tok sthtk hnd ga
tok pkgpck.

\kltjgn 8. prksknts tok kndurjne lg``jt`knt ga tok ]ojcjppjnks tg prgvjdk quhcjty

kdulhtjgn tg hcc jts ljtjzkns. H lg``jt`knt tg bujcd h nhtjgn wjto aunltjgnhccy cjtkrhtk,
kdulhtkd, hnd prgdultjvk ljtjzkns. Jt js h sthtk`knt toht sogws ogw tok lguntry vhcuks
tok kdulhtjgn hnd dkvkcgp`knt ga jts ljtjzkns.

\kltjgn 2. djsluss tok lg``jt`knt ga tok sthtks tg prgvjdk hllkss tg quhcjty kdulhtjgn
agr hcc ckvkcs arg` prksloggc tg tkrtjhry. Jt kculjdhtks tok aunltjgn ga tok sthtk tg dkvkcgp hn
kdulhtjgn systk`, toht aglusks gn agr`hc kdulhtjgn, ngn-agr`hc kdulhtjgn, hctkrnhtjvk
ckhrnjne systk`, hnd jndjekngus ckhrnjne systk`. Tg suppgrt tojs prgvjsjgn, \kltjgn 2
sthtks toht tok sthtk wjcc prgvjdk ajnhnljhc hssjsthnlk hnd kaajljknt studknt-suppgrt systk`
tg dkskrvjne studknts.

4.2 R.H - 8=;<< - Knohnlkd Bhsjl Kdulhtjgn Hlt - jnlcudjne HC\ hnd Ckhrnkrs wjto
\pkljhc Nkkds

\kltjgn 8. sogrt tjtck - Knohnlkd Bhsjl Kdulhtjgn Hlt ga 2=8<

\kltjgn 2. l- @hfk kdulhtjgn ckhrnkr-grjkntkd hnd rkspgnsjvk tg tok nkkds9 lgenjtjvk

lgenjtjv k hnd
lucturhc lhphljty, tok ljrlu`sthnlks hnd djvkrsjty ga ckhrnkrs, sloggcs hnd lg``unjtjks
torgueo tok hpprgprjhtk chneuhek ga tkhlojne hnd ckhrnjne, jnlcudjne `gtokr tgneuk hs h
ckhrnjne rksgurlk.

\kltjgn <. Bhsjl Kdulhtjgn js jntkndkd tg `kkt bhsjl ckhrnjne nkkds wojlo prgvjdks tok
agundhtjgn gn wojlo subskquknt ckhrnjne lhn bk bhskd. Jt knlg`phssks fjndkrehrtkn ,
kck`knthry hnd sklgndhry kdulhtjgn hs wkcc hs hctkrnhtjvk ckhrnjne systk` agr gut-ga-
sloggc ckhrnkrs hnd togsk wjto spkljhc nkkds.

R.H 518= - \pkljhc ]rgtkltjgn Hehjnst Lojcd Hbusk hnd Kxpcgjthtjgn

\kltjgn <. lojcd hbusk rkakrs tg tok `hctrkht`knt, woktokr ohbjtuhc gr ngt, ja tok lojcd
wojlo jnlcudk hny ga tok agccgwjne9

8. ]sylogcgejlhc hnd poysjlhc hbusk, nkecklt, lrukcty, skxuhc hbusk hnd

hn d k`gtjgnhc
`hctrkht`knt.
2. Hny hlt by dkkds gr wgrds wojlo dkbhsks, dkerhdks gr dk`khns tok jntrjnsjl wgrto
hnd djenjty ga h lojcd hs h ou`hn bkjne.

<. [nrkhsgnhbck dkprjvhtjgn ga ojs bhsjl nkkds agr survjvhc, sulo hs aggd hnd sokctkr gr

4. Ahjcurk tg j``kdjhtkcy ejvk `kdjlhc trkht`knt tg hn jniurkd lojcd rksuctjne jn skrjgus

j`phjr`knt ga tokjr ergwto hnd dkvkcgp`knt gr jn ojs pkr`hnknt jnlhphljty gr dkhto.

R. H ?<58 - Jndjekngus ]kgpck‚s Rjeot Hlt

Lohptkr QJ - Lucturhc Jntkerjty

\kltjgn <=. Kdulhtjgnhc \ystk`s - tok sthtk sohcc prgvjdk kquhc hllkss tg vhrjgus lucturhc
gppgrtunjtjks tg tok JLL/J]‚s torgueo tok kdulhtjgnhc
kdulhtjgn hc systk`, pubcjl gr prjvhtk lucturhc
kntjtjks, slogchrsojps, erhnts hnd gtokr jnlkntjvks wjtogut prkiudjlk tg tokjr kdulhtjgnhc
systk`s hnd jnstjtutjgns by prgvjdjne kdulhtjgn jn tokjr gwn chneuhek, jn h `hnnkr
hpprgprjhtk tg tokjr lucturhc `ktogd ga tkhlojne hnd ckhrnjne. Jndjekngus lojcdrkn yguto
sohcc ohvk tok rjeot tg hcc ckvkcs agr`s ga kdulhtjgn ga tok sthtk.

]D 1=<
Hrt. 8= - ]ohsks
]ohsks ga Dkvkcgp`knt
Dkvkcgp`knt - tok lojcd sohcc knigy spkljhc prgtkltjgn hnd sohcc bk
ejvkn gppgrtunjtjks hnd ahljcjtjks by chw hnd by gtokr `khns, tg knsurk hnd knhbck ojs
aucckst dkvkcgp`knt poysjlhccy, `knthccy, k`gtjgnhccy, `grhccy, spjrjtuhccy hnd sgljhccy jn h
okhctoy hnd ngr`hc `hnnkr hnd jn lgndjtjgns ga arkkdg` hnd djenjty hpprgprjhtk tg tok
lgrrkspgndjne dkvkcgp`knthc sthek.

Lohptkr 8 - Hllkss tg Kdulhtjgnhc Gppgrtunjtjks

Hrtjlck 54
54 - \pkljhc
\pkljhc Lchssks
Lchssks

Uokrk nkkds whrrhnts, toksk sohcc bk ht ckhst spkljhc lchssks jn kvkry prgvjnlk
hnd ja pgssjbck, spkljhc sloggcs agr tok poysjlhccy ohndjlhppkd, tok `knthccy rkthrdkd, tok
k`gtjgnhccy djsturbkd hnd tok spkljhccy ejatkd. Tok prjvhtk skltgr sohcc bk ejvkn hcc tok
nklksshry jndulk`knt hnd knlgurhek`knt tg ksthbcjso sulo lchssks gr sloggcs.

R.H. :<44 - Iuvknjck Iustjlk hnd Ukcahrk Hlt

Lohptkr 8 - Rgck ga tok djaakrknt skltgrs

\kltjgn 8< - Tok Kdulhtjgnhc \ystk`

Kdulhtjgnhc jnstjtutjgns sohcc wgrf tgektokr wjto ah`jcy, lg``unjty grehnjzhtjgns

hnd heknljks jn tok prkvkntjgn ga iuvknjck dkcjnquknly hnd jn tok rkohbjcjthtjgn hnd

rkjntkerhtjgn ga lojcd jn lgnacjlt wjto tok chw. \loggcs sohcc prgvjdk hdkquhtk, nklksshry
hnd jndjvjduhcjzkd kdulhtjgnhc slok`ks agr lojcdrkn `hnjakstjne djaakrknt bkohvjgr hnd
lojcdrkn jn lgnacjlt wjto tok chw. Jn lhsks wokrk lojcdrkn jn lgnacjlt wjto tok chw hrk thfkn
jntg lustgdy gr dkthjnkd jn rkohbjcjthtjgn lkntkr, toky sogucd bk prgvjdkd tok gppgrtunjty
tg lgntjnuk ckhrnjne undkr hn hctkrnhtjvk ckhrnjne systk` wjto bhsjl cjtkrhly prgerh` gr
ngn-agr`hc kdulhtjgn hllrkdjthtjgn kqujvhcknly systk`.

RH :442 @henh Lhrth agr Djshbckd ]krsgns

Ruck JQ - ]rjvjckeks hnd jnlkntjvks agr tok pkrsgns wjto djshbjcjty.

\kltjgn 1. 1.8 Djslgunt arg` hcc ksthbcjso`knts ht ckhst 2=% djslgunt arg` hcc
ksthbcjso`knts rkchtjvk tg tok utjcjzhtjgn ga hcc skrvjlks jn ogtkcs hnd sj`jchr cgdejne
ksthbcjso`knts, rksthurhnts hnd rklrkhtjgn lkntkr agr tok kxlcusjvk usk gr knigy`knt ga
pkrsgns wjto djshbjcjty.

1.5 - Kdulhtjgnhc ]rjvjckeks

Kdulhtjgnhc hssjsthnlk tg pkrsgns wjto djshbjcjty, agr tok` tg pursuk prj`hry,

sklgndhry, tkrtjhry, pgst tkrtjhry hs wkcc hs vglhtjgnhc gr tklonjlhc kdulhtjgn jn bgto pubcjl
hnd prjvhtk sloggcs torgueo tok prgvjsjgn ga slogchrsojps, erhnts, ajnhnljhc hjds, subsjdjks
hnd gtokr jnlkntjvks tg quhcjajkd pkrsgns wjto djshbjcjty jnlcudjne suppgrt agr bggfs,
ckhrnjne `htkrjhcs hnd unjagr` hccgwhnlk tg tok kxtknt akhsjbck. ]rgvjdkd toht pkrsgns
wjto djshbjcjty sohcc `kkt tok
t ok `jnj`u` hd`jssjgn rkqujrk`knts
rkqujrk`knt s skt by tok DK]KD, LOKD,
TK\DH hnd gtokr kntjtjks knehekd jn tok erhnt ga slogchrsojp hnd ajnhnljhc hssjsthnlk
agr tok kdulhtjgn ga pkrsgns wjto djshbjcjty. Agr tok purpgsk ga tokjr ruck, prj`hry kdulhtjgn
sohcc jnlcudk nurskry hnd fjndkrehrtkn woktokr jn prjvhtk gr pubcjl sloggc. Tok sgurlk ga
aundjne jn hddjtjgn tg tok ]rjvhtk Kdulhtjgn \tudknt Ajnhnljhc Hssjsthnlk (]K\AH) aund
slogchrsojp agr tok j`pck`knthtjgn ga tok hbgvk sohcc bk 8% hccglhtjgn agr pkrsgns wjto
djshbjcjty jn DK]KD, LOKD, TK\DH, hnd gtokr trhjnjne hnd kdulhtjgnhc egvkrn`knt
heknljks hs rkqujrkd by Eknkrhc Hpprkljhtjgn Hlt, subiklt tg tok eujdkcjnks jssukd by tok
DK]KD, LOKD hnd TK\DH.

RH 5255 - Rkohbjcjthtjgn hnd Jntkerhtjgn ga Djshbckd ]krsgns jn @hjnstrkh` \gljkty

Lohptkr 8 - \kltjgn ;. Kquhc Gppgrtunjty agr K`pcgy`knt

Ng djshbckd pkrsgns sohcc bk dknjkd hllkss tg gppgrtunjtjks agr sujthbck k`pcgy`knt. H

quhcjajkd djshbckd k`pcgykk sohcc bk subiklt tg tok sh`k tkr`s hnd lgndjtjgns ga
k`pcgy`knt hnd tok sh`k lg`pknshtjgn, prjvjckeks, bknkajts, arjnek bknkajts, jnlkntjvks
gr hccgwhnlk hs h quhcjajkd hbck bgdjkd pkrsgn. Ajvk pkrlknt (;%) ga hcc lhsuhc,
k`kreknly hnd lgntrhltuhc pgsjtjgns jn tok D\UD, Okhcto
Okhcto Kdulhtjgn, Lucturk hnd \pgrts
hnd gtokr egvkrn`knt heknljks, gaajlks gr lgrpgrhtjgns knehekd jn sgljhc dkvkcgp`knt
sohcc bk rkskrvkd agr djshbckd pkrsgns.

RH 8=11; - Gpkn Ojeo \loggc \ystk` Hlt

\kltjgn 1. Ckhrnkrs ga tok GO\\

Tok GO\\ sohcc bk gpkn tg hcc yguto hnd hducts wog ohvk ajnjsokd kck`knthry
kdulhtjgn hs wkcc hs ojeo sloggc quhcjajkrs ga tok ]ojcjppjnk Kdulhtjgn ]chlk`knt Tkst (
]K]T) hnd tok HC\, Hllrkdjthtjgn Kqujvhcknly Tkst.

]rjnljpcks, ]gcjljks hnd Dj`knsjgns

J. 8. Khrcy Jntkrvkntjgn
Khrcy jntkrvkntjgn aglusks gn sfjccs jn toksk ajvk hrkhs.

8. ]oysjlhc sfjccs “ rkhlojne, lrhwcjne, whcfjne, drhwjne

2. Lgenjtjvk sfjccs “ tojnfjne, ckhrnjne, sgcvjne prgbck`s
<. Lg``unjlhtjgn sfjccs “ thcfjne, cjstknjne, undkrsthndjne gtokrs

Thcf tg ygur okhcto lhrk prgvjdkr ja ygu ohvk hny lgnlkrns hbgut ygur lojcd‚s
dkvkcgp`knt. Khrcy jntkrvkntjgn prgvjdks ah`jcy skrvjlks tg okcp ygu hnd ygur lojcd
hddrkss dkvkcgp`knthc dkchys.

Khrcy jntkrvkntjgn lhn bk kaakltjvk jn okcpjne lojcdrkn `hfk prgerkss tgwhrd

hlhdk`jl hlojkvk`knt, bkohvjgr hnd kdulhtjgnhc prgerkss.

JJ. 2. ]rglkss ga Jnlcusjgn “ ]ojcjppjnk @gdkc

Tokrk hrk twg `hjn typks ga jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn, phrtjhc jnlcusjgn hnd aucc
jnlcusjgn.

8.]hrtjhc jnlcusjgn “ lojcdrkn wjto spkljhc nkkds hrk kdulhtkd jn tok rkeuchr
lchssrgg` agr `gst ga tok dhy.
2. Aucc jnlcusjgn “ `khns toht tok djshbckd studknts ekt hcc tok spkljhc skrvjlks
toky nkkd jn tok rkehrds lchssrgg` hnd sthy tokrk hcc dhy.

Ujto tok j`pck`knthtjgn ga tok 82 ykhrs bhsjl kdulhtjgn prgerh`, tok eghc js
tg kquhcjzk ckhrnjne gppgrtunjtjks tg hcc ckhrnkrs hnd prgdulk ogcjstjlhccy
dkvkcgpkd Ajcjpjngs jn tok cgne run.

<. Trhnsjtjgn prgerh` “ h prgerh` dksjenkd tg tkhlo jndkpkndknt cjvjne sfjccs jnlcudjne
vglhtjgnhc sfjccs tg studknts ohvjne spkljhc kdulhtjgn skrvjlks heks 8?-22. Hs toky
prgerkss studknts knohnlkd tokjr hbjcjtjks, igb prkakrknlks
prkakrknl ks hnd ckhrn tg wgrf wjto ergwjne

jndkpkndknlk.
 Tokjr prgerh` js dksjenkd agr spkljhc studknts wog hrk jntkcckltuhccy
jntkccklt uhccy djshbckd hnd
togsk wog hrk poysjlhccy ohndjlhppkd. Jt js dksjenkd tg `kkt tokjr spkljhc nkkds hnd
rkspgnd tg tokjr spkljajl jntkrksts.

4. \usthjnjne ]rgerh`

8. DkpKd ohs hccglhtkd `jccjgns ga aunds tg rklgenjzk \]KD lkntkrs hcc gvkr tok lguntry
agr tok knrgc`knt hnd rksgurlks `htkrjhcs agr usk ga toksk studknts.

2. Knohnlkd ahljcjtjks agr h bkttkr tkhlojne-ckhrnjne prglkss

<. @grk trhjnjne agr tkhlokrs

4. Kxphnsjgn ga HC\, Bhsjl Cjtkrhly ]rgerh` hnd tok Hllrkdjthtjgn hnd Kqujvhcknlk
]rgerh` agr tok Gut ga \loggc Zguto hnd \loggc Drgp Guts.

;. \trknetoknjne DkpKd‚s `uctj-erhdk

`uctj-erhdk prgerh` tg hllg``gdhtk ckhrnkrs jn sphrskcy
pgpuchtkd, jsgchtkd hnd ahr-acune hrkhs.

1. Nhtjgnhc Jndjekngus ]kgpck‚s Kdulhtjgn ]gcjly

Rkvjkw Lohptkr QJ “ \kltjgn <=. JLLs/J]s Kdulhtjgnhc \ystk`

Lohptkr QJ “ \kltjgn <8 “ Rklgenjtjgn ga Lucturhc Djvkrsjty

Tok sthtk sohcc kndkhvgr tg ohvk tok djenjty hnd djvkrsjty ga tok lucturks, trhdjtjgns,
ojstgrjks hnd hspjrhtjgns ga tok (JLLs/J]‚s) Jndjekngus lucturhc lg``unjtjks/Jndjek ngus
]kgpck‚s, hpprgprjhtkcy rkackltkd jn hcc agr`s ga kdulhtjgn, pubcjl jnagr`htjgn hnd lucturhc-
lucturhc -
kdulhtjgnhc kxlohnek. Lgnskqukntcy, tok sthtk sohcc thfk kaakltjvk `khsurks jn
lgnsucthtjgn wjto JLLs/J]‚s lgnlkrnkd tg kcj`jnhtk prkiudjlk hnd djslrj`jnhtjgn hnd tg
prg`gtk tgckrhnlk, undkrsthndjne hnd eggd rkchtjgns h`gne JLLs/J]‚s hnd hcc ske`knts
ga sgljkty. Aurtokr`grk, tok egvkrn`knt sohcc thfk kaakltjvk `khsurks tg knsurk toht tok
sthtk-gwnkd `kdjh ducy rkacklt jndjekngus lucturhc djvkrsjty. Tok sthtk sohcc cjfkwjsk
knsurk tok phrtjljphtjgn ga hpprgprjhtk jndjekngus ckhdkrs jn sloggcs, lg``unjtjks hnd
jntkrnhtjgnhc lggpkrhtjvk undkrsthndjnes cjfk akstjvhcs, lgnakrknlks, sk`jnhrs hnd
wgrfsogps tg prg`gtk hnd knohnlk tokjr djstjnltjvk okrjthek hnd vhcuks.

Tokgrktjlhc Qjkws gn Jnlcusjvk Kdulhtjgn

8.Jntkrhltjgnjst ]krspkltjvk

Jntkrhltjgnjs` hsskrts toht jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn lhn bk h sgund jntkrvkntjgn agr hcc

studknts tg ohvk h `khnjneauc sgljhc cjak hnd sgund sgljhc hltjvjty. Jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js
h okhctoy knlguntkr agr bgto studknts wjto hnd wjtogut djshbjcjtjks, tous fjnd ga knlguntkr
wjcc cksskn djslrj`jnhtjgn hnd prkiudjlk.

2. Lgnacjlt ]krspkltjvk

Lgnacjlt tokgrjsts hsskss toht jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn ohs sgljhc lucturhc hnd pgcjtjlhc
undkrtgnks hnd j`pcjlhtjgns, h`gne pggr hnd dkvkcgpjne lguntrjks, jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn
js ngt h prjgrjty hs lg`phrkd tg tok rjlo hnd dkvkcgpkd gnks.

<. Aunltjgnhc ]krspkltjvk

Aunltjgnhcjst vjkw toht ohvjne hn jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js h why ga `kktjne

`kktjn e tok nkkds
ga sgljktjks. Kdulhtjgn, hs hreukd, knhbcks pkgpck tg cjvk
cjv k wjto djenjty, dkvkcgp tokjr
aucc lhphljtjks, phrtjljphtk auccy jn dkvkcgp`knt hnd j`prgvk tok quhcjty ga tokjr cjvks.

4. Lrjtjlhc ]krspkltjvk

Lrjtjlhc tokgrjsts hrk dgubtjne toht jnlcusjvk kdulhtjgn js hngtokr pkdhegey

pgpuchrjzkd by tok Ukstkrn `jnds. Toky tojnf toht togsk wog agr`uchtk tok pgcjljks hrk
`gstcy jntkrnhtjgnhc kxpkrts wog hrk jengrhnt ga tok cglhc sjtuhtjgns hnd pklucjhrjtjks ga h
lkrthjn lguntry.

Hnswkr9 Uojlo pkrspkltjvk dg ygu herkk7 Uoy7

Typgcgey ga Ckhrnkrs wjto \pkljhc Nkkds

H. Ckhrnkrs
Ckhrnkrs wjto
wjto jntkcckltu
jntkcckltuhc
hc djshbjcjty
djshbjcjty gr lgenjtjvk
lgenjtjvk djshbjcjty
djshbjcjty “ `khns sjenjajlhntcy sub-
hvkrhek jntkcckltuhc aunltjgnjne toht kxjsts lgnlurrkntcy wjto dkajljt jn hdhptjvk
bkohvjgr hnd loht hdvkrsjty haaklts kdulhtjgnhc pkragr`hnlk.

8. @knthc rkthrdhtjgn “ h eknkrhcjzkd djsgrdkrs, lohrhltkrjzkd by sub-hvkrhek lgenjtjvk

aunltjgnjne hnd dkajljts jn twg gr `grk hdhptjvk bkohvjgrs wjto gnskt bkagrk tok hek ga
8?. Dkerkks ga @knthc Rkthrdhtjgn hllgrdjne tg tok Djhengstjl, \thtjstjlhc `hnuhc ga
@knthc Djsgrdkrs jn tok [njtkd \thtks.

2. @jcd @knthc Rkthrdhtjgn “ JX rhneks arg` ;=-5= lhn hlqujrk hlhdk`jl sfjccs up tg
Erhdk QJ. Toky lhn bklg`k ahjrcy skca-suaajljknt hnd jn sg`k lhsks cjvk jndkpkndkntcy,
wjto lg``unjty hnd sgljhc suppgrt.

<. @gdkrhtk- JX js arg` <;-;; lhn lhrry gut wgrf hnd skca-lhrk thsfs wjto `gdkrhtk
`gdkrhtk
supkrvjsjgn. ]gsskss lg``unjlhtjgn sfjccs sjnlk lojcdoggd hnd lhn cjvk hnd aunltjgn
sullkssauccy wjtojn tok lg``unjty jn supkrvjskd knvjrgn`knt hs ergup og`ks.

4. \kvkrk “ JX js arg` 2=-4=, lhn `hstkr vkry bhsjl skca-lhrk sfjccs hnd sg`k
lg``unjlhtjgn sfjccs. Lhn cjvk jn h ergup og`k.

;. ]rgagund “ JX slgrks “ 2= tg 2;. Toky `hy bk hbck tg dkvkcgp bhsjl skca-lhrk hnd
lg``unjlhtjgn sfjccs wjto hpprgprjhtk suppgrt hnd trhjnjne.

Lohrhltkrjstjls ga h ]krsgn wjto @knthc Rkthrdhtjgn

8. scgw rhtk ga ckhrnjne “

2. tojnf jn h lgnlrktk why

<. djaajluctjks eknkrhcjzjne

4. djaajlucty jn `hfjne logjlks

;. nkkds okcp tg ajeurk gut prgbck`s hnd stkps tg rkhlo eghcs

1. `k`gry prgbck`s

5. sogrt httkntjgn sphn

?. djaajlucty jn lgnvkyjne jdkhc hnd akkcjnes

2.HDOD “ Httkntjgn Dkajljt Oypkrhltjvjty Djsgrdkr

- h `knthc djsgrdkr ga tok nkurgdkvkcgp`knthc typk. Jt js lohrhltkrjzkd by prgbck`s ga

phejne httkntjgn, kxlkssjvk hltjvjty, gr djaajlucty lgntrgccjne bkohvjgr wojlo js ngt
hpprgprjhtk agr h pkrsgn‚s heks.

Lohrhltkrjstjls

8. Chneuhek scgw tg dkvkcgp

2. dkchykd spkklo gr ngnk ht hcc

<. Klogchcjh “ rkpktjtjgn ga spkklo

4. ng kaagrt tg usk ngn-vkrbhc lg``unjlhtjgn

;. djaajlucty jn sohrjne k`gtjgns, whnts hnd nkkds

1. pggr sgljhcjzhtjgn, prkakr tg pchy hcgnk

5. ng kyk lgnthlt wokn thcfjne tg gtokrs

?. djpchy ga thntru`s toht `hy rksuct jn skca jniury, sfjn pjlfjne, bjtjne ohnds, ohnd bhnejne
hnd kyk slrhtlojne

NGTK9

Zgu wjcc bk ejvkn sg`k lgpjks ga lhsk studjks. \tudy tok` sg ygu lhn hnswkr sg`k
qukstjgns.

;. Lkrkbrhc ]hcsy “ tojs js lhuskd by dh`hek tg tok phrts ga tok brhjn wojlo lgntrgc
`gvk`knt durjne tok khrcy stheks ga dkvkcgp`knt. Lojcdrkn wjto wjto lkrkbrhc phcsy
`hy ohvk djaajluctjks wjto9

8. pgsturk

2. `gvk`knts ga bgdy phrts gr tok wogck bgdy

<. `uslck-wkhfnkss gr tjeotnkss

4. jnvgcunthry `uslck `gvk`knts (sphs`)

;. bhchnlk hnd lggrdjnhtjgn

1. thcfjne hnd khtjne

Typks ga lkrkbrhc phcsy

8.Ok`jpckejh “ gnk ok`jspokrk ga tok brhjn js haakltkd hnd sg gncy gnk sjdk ga tok bgdy
js hcsg haakltkd - jn tok hr`,
hr`, ohnd hnd cke ga kjtokr tok rjeot gr ckat sjdk. Lojcdrkn h
haakltkd
aakltkd
wjto tojs `hy ohvk dkchy jn ckhrnjne tg thcf, but tokjr jntkccjeknlk tgg js unhaakltkd.

2. Djspckejh “ rkakrs tg jndjvjduhcs wjto `uslck stjaankss `gstcy jn tok ckes.

Jntkccjeknlkhnd chneuhek sfjccs ga phtjknts hrk ngt haakltkd.

<. Xuhdrjpckejh “ skvkrk agr` ga lkrkbrhc phcsy jnvgcvks skvkrk stjaankss

stjaa nkss ga tok hr`s hnd
ckes hnd h acgppy gr wkhf nklf. H pkrsgn `hy ohvk trgubck spkhfjne hnd unhbck tg whcf.
Ok/sok `hy ohvk `gdkrhtk tg skvkrk jntkcckltuhc hnd dkvkcgp`knthc djshbjcjtjks.

4. Hthxjh “ gllurs wokn tok lkrkbkccu` js haakltkd. H pkrsgn `hy ohvk prgbck`s wjto
bhchnlk hnd pkrlkptjgn ga dkpto.

Ckhrnjne Djshbjcjtjks

8.dysckxjh “ h chneuhek-bhskd djshbjcjty jn wojlo h pkrsgn ohs trgubck undkrsthndjne

wrjttkn wgrds. Jt `hy hcsg bk rkakrrkd tg hs rkhdjne djshbjcjty gr rkhdjne djsgrdkr.

2. dyslhclucjh “ h `htok`htjlhc djshbjcjty jn wojlo h pkrsgn ohs h djaajlucty

djaajluct y tj`k sgcvjne

`htok`htjlhc prgbck`s hnd erhspjne lgnlkpts.

<. dyserhpojh “ djaajlucty jn wrjtjne

4. dysprhxjh gr hprhxjh “djaajluc

“djaajlucty
ty wjto
wjto `gtgr
`gtgr pchnnjne hnd j`phlts hbgut h pkrsgn‚s
pkrsgn‚s hbjcjty
tg lggrdjnhtk bgdy `gvk`knts.

;. hudjtgry hnd vjsuhc prglkssjne djsgrdkrs “ sknsgry djshbjcjtjks jn wojlo h pkrsgn ohs
djaajlucty undkrsthndjne chneuhek dkspjtk ngr`hc okhrjne hnd vjsjgn

1. ngn-vkrbhc ckhrnjne djshbjcjtjks “ h nkurgcgejlhc djsgrdkr wojlo grjejnhtks jn tok rjeot

ok`jspokrk ga tok brhjn, lhusjne prgbck`s wjto vjsuhc-sphtjhc, jntujtjvk, grehnjzhtjgnhc
kvhcuhtjvk hnd ogcjstjl prglkssjne aunltjgns.
;.K`gtjgnhc Djshbjcjty

8.hnxjkty djsgrdkr “ h akkcjne ga unkhsk, sulo hs wgrry gr akhr, toht lhn bk `jcd gr skvkrk.

2.bjpgchr djsgrdkr “ hcsg fngwn hs `hnjl dkprkssjgn toht brjnes skvkrk ojeo hnd cgw
`ggds hnd lohneks jn sckkp, knkrey, tojnfjne hnd bkohvjgr. ]kgpck wog ohvk bjpgchr
djsgrdkr lhn ohvk pkrjgds jn wojlo toky akkc gvkrcy ohppy hnd knkrejzkd hnd gtokr
pkrjgds ga akkcjne vkry shd, ogpkckss hnd scueekrs.

<. lgndult djsgrdkr “ rkakrs tg h ergup ga rkpktjtjvk hnd pkrsjstknt bkohvjgrhc hnd
k`gtjgnhc prgbck`s jn ygunestkrs.

4. khtjne djsgrdkr “ rkchtkd tg pkrsjstknt khtjne bkohvjgr toht nkehtjvkcy j`phlt jn ygur
okhcto, ygur k`gtjgns hnd ygur hbjcjty tg aunltjgn jn j`pgrthnt hrkhs ga cjak lg``gn khtjne
djsgrdkrs “ hngrkxjh nkrvgsh, bucj`jh nkrvgsh hnd bjnek khtjne djsgrdkr.

;. gbskssjvk Lg`pucsjvk djsgrdkr “ h djsgrdkr jn wojlo pkgpck ohvk unwhntkd hnd

rkpkhtkd togueots, akkcjnes, jdkhs hnd sknshtjgns hnd bkohvjgrs toht drjvk tok` tg dg
sg`ktojne gvkr hnd gvkr.

1. psylogtjl djsgrdkr “ skvkrk `knthc djsgrdkr toht lhusk hbngr`hc tojnfjne hnd
pkrlkptjgns. H pkrsgn wjto djsgrdkr tgulo wjto rkhcjty sy`ptg`s, dkcusjgn hnd
ohcculjnhtjgn.

]oysjlhc Djshbjcjtjks “ h cj`jthtjgn gn h pkrsgn‚s poysjlhc aunltjgnjne `gbjcjty, dkxtkrjty

gr sth`jnh.

Lhusks9

8.lgneknjthc/okrkdjthry

2. hlqujrkd “ hlljdknts, jnakltjgns k.e. pgcjg, strgfk hnd lhnlkr

Lg``gn Typks

8.brjttck bgnk djskhsk

2. lkrkbrhc phcsy

<. `usluchr dystrgpoy

4. spjnh bjajdh

;. arjkdrkjlo‚s hthxjh
\pkklo/Chneuhek Djshbjcjtjks

H lg``unjlhtjgn
lg``unjlhtjgn djsgrdkr
djsgrdkr sulo hs stuttkrjne,
stuttkrjne, j`phjrkd hrtjluchtjgn,
hrtjluchtjgn, h chneuhek
chneuhek
j`phjr`knt ja h vgjlk toht hdvkrskcy haaklts h lojcd‚s kdulhtjgnhc pkragr`hnlk.

Lg``unjlhtjgn djsgrdkr

\pkklo djsgrdkr Chneuhek djsgrdkr

Qgjlk djsgrdkr Rklkptjvk djsgrdkr

Hrtjluchtjgn
Hrtjluchtjgn djsgrdkr
djsgrdkr Kxprkssjvk
Kxprkssjvk djsgrdkr
djsgrdkr

Acuknly djsgrdkr

Try tg ajnd gut tok lch

lchss s jajl htjgn ga tok spkk
spkklo
lo djs grdkrs hnd ch
chne
ne uh
uhee k djs grdk
grdkrs
rs .

E jvk ttok
ok loh
lohrh
rhltk
ltkrjs
rjs tjls ga ttok
ok d
djs
js grdk
grdkrs
rs .

\kvkrk/@uctjpck Djshbjcjtjks

Rkakrs tg tok lgnlg`jthnt j`phjr`knts sulo hs bcjndnkss, grtogpkdjl j`phjr`knt

“ tok lg`bjnhtjgn ga wojlo lhusks skvkrk kdulhtjgnhc nkkds toht toky lhnngt bk
hllg``gdhtkd jn h spkljhc kdulhtjgn prgerh` sgckcy agr gnk ga tok j`phjr`knts. Tojs
dgks ngt jnlcudk dkha-bcjndnkss.

[njvkrshc J`phjr`knt

Hllgrdjne
Hllgrdjne tg JDKH “ h vjsuhc j`phjr`knt rkakrs tg
t g hn j`phjr`knt jn vjsjgn toht kvkn
wjto lgrrkltjgn, hdvkrskcy haaklts h lojcd‚s pkragr`hnlk. Tok tkr` jnlcudks bgto phrtjhc
sjeot hnd bcjndnkss.

Typks ga Qjsuhc J`phjr`knts

8.strhbjs`us

2. lgneknjthc lhthrhlts

<. rktjngphtoy ga prk`hturjty

4. rktjnjtjs pje`kntgsh
;. gptjl nkrvk oypgpchsjh

1. lgrtjlhc vjsuhc j`phjr`knt

Okhrjne Cgss (arg` JDKH) hn j`phjr`knt jn okhrjne, woktokr pkr`hnknt gr acultuhtjne

pkragr`hnlk but js ngt jnlcudkd undkr tok dkajnjtjgn ga dkhankss.
Typks ga okhrjne cgss

8. Lgndultjvk okhrjne cgss “ duk tg prgbck`s wjto tok khr lhnhc, khrdru` gr `jddck khr
hnd jts cjttck bgnks (tok `hcckus, jnlus hnd sthpks)

2. \knsgrjnkurhc okhrjne cgss “ duk tg prgbck`s ga tok jnnkr khr fngwn hs nkrvk-rkchtkd
okhrjne cgss.

<. `jxkd okhrjne cgss “ lg`bjnhtjgn ga lgndultjvk hnd sknsgrjnkurhc okhrjne cgss.
Tokrk `hybk h dh`hek jn tok `jddck khr hnd jn tok jnnkr khr (lglockh) gr hudjtgry nkrvk.

Gtokr Okhcto ]rgbck`s “ ohvjne cj`jtkd strkneto, vjthcjty gr hckrtnkss duk tg lorgnjl gr
okhcto prgbck`s cjfk9

Hsto`h ok`gpojcjh

Djhbktks ckhd pgjsgnjne

Kpjckpsy ckufk`jh

Okhrt lgndjtjgn nkporjtjs

Roku`htjl akvkr sjlfck lkcc hnk`jh

Tgurkttk

Ejatkd hnd Thckntkd \tudknts

\tudknts wog hrk ejatkd hnd thckntkd djspchy hn hrrhy ga hbjcjtjks toht js supkrjgr jn
nhturk. Toky `hy pkragr` kxlkptjgnhc hbjcjtjks jn vhrjgus hrkh sulo hs vjsuhc gr
pkragr`jne hrts, lrkhtjvjty, ckhdkrsojp gr tojnfjne. Tok JX slgrk ga h ejatkd js erkhtkr tohn
84;.

Lohrhltkrjstjls

8. jntknsk jntkcckltuhc lurjgsjty

2. ahsljnhtjgn wjto wgrds hnd jdkhs

<. pkrakltjgnjs`

4. nkkd prkljsjgn

;. ckhrnjne jn erkht jntujtjvk ckhps

1. jntknsk nkkd agr `knthc stj`uchtjgn

5. djaajlucty tg tok tojnfjne ga gtokrs

?. khrcy `grhc hnd kxjstkntjhc lgnlkrn

:. tkndknly tgwhrd jntrgvkrsjgn

Hsskss`knt ga Ejatkd hnd Thckntkd Ckhrnkrs

8.]rk-rkakrrhc jntkrvkntjgn

Kxlkptjgnhc lojcdrkn hrk jdkntjajkd hs khrcy hs pgssjbck. Toky hrk rkakrrkd tg tok
prgpkr hutogrjzk pkrsgn gr tkhlokr agr kvhcuhtjgn.

2.@uctjahltgrkd kvhcuhtjgn

Jnagr`htjgn hrk ehtokrkd arg` h vhrjkty ga sgurlks usjne.

8. ergup hnd jndjvjduhc jntkccjeknlk tksts

2. pkragr`hnlk jn tok sloggc-bhskd hlojkvk`knt tkst

<. pkr`hnknt rklgrds, pkragr`hnlk jn prkvjgus erhdks, hwhrds rklkjvkd

4. pgrtagcjgs ga studknt wgrfs

;. phrknt, pkkr, skca-ng`jnhtjgn

@ktogds ga Jnlcusjvk Kdulhtjgn

8.hllg`gdhtjgn “ uskd tg dkslrjbk hn hctkrhtjgn ga knvjrgn`knt, lurrjlucu` agr`ht gr

kqujp`knt toht hccgws hn jndjvjduhc wjto h djshbjcjty tg ehjn hllkss tg lgntknt hnd gr
lg`pcktk hssjenkd thsfs.

2.`gdjajlhtjgn “ uskd tg dkslrjbk h lohnek jn tok lurrjlucu`. @gdjajlhtjgns hrk `hdk agr
studknts wjto djshbjcjtjks wog hrk unhbck tg lg`prkoknd tok ckssgn.
Agur Hpprghloks

8.Jnlcusjgn “ hn hpprghlo tg kdulhtjne studknts wjto

wjto spkljhc kdulhtjgnhc
kdulhtjgnhc nkkds.

2.`hjnstrkh`jne “ rkakrs tg tok prhltjlk ga kdulhtjne studknts wjto spkljhc nkkds jn

lchssks wjto ngn-djshbckd studknts durjne spkljajl tj`k pkrjgds bhskd jn tokjr sfjccs.

<.skerkehtjgn “ jn tojs `gdkc, studknts wjto spkljhc nkkds dg ngt httknd lchssks wjto ngn-
djshbckd studknts.

4.kxlcusjgn “ h studknt wog dgks ngt rklkjvk jnstrultjgn jn hny sloggc js kxlcudkd arg`
sloggc

Tkhlojne \trhtkejks

8.djaakrkntjhtkd jnstrultjgn js h tkhlojne `ktogd agr ergups ga studknts

2.jndjvjduhcjzkd jnstrultjgn “ aglusks gn tok nkkds ga tok jndjvjduhc studknt

<.`uctjsknsgry jnstrultjgn “ h tkr` sloggcs usk tg dkslrjbk whys ga tkhlojne toht knehek
`grk tohn gnk sknsk ht h tj`k

4. jnstrultjgnhc slhaagcdjne “ h prglkss torgueo wojlo h tkhlokr hdds suppgrts agr

studknts jn grdkr tg knohnlk ckhrnjne hnd hjd jn tok `hstkry ga thsfs

Try tg ajnd gut gtokr

gtokr `k
`ktogds,
togds, hpprgh
hpprghloks
loks , hnd s trh
trhtk
tkee jks jn tkh
tkhloj
lojne
ne .

JJJ. Hsskss`knt, Ckhrnjne Rksgurlks hnd Jnstrultjgnhc (Jnput) Hllg``gdhtjgns

h. Typks ga hsskss`knt

8. Gbikltjvk Tkst

8.8 ]hpkr hnd ]knljc ]kst

8.2 \ubikltjvk Tkst
8.< ksshy

2. ]kragr`hnlk Hsskss`knt Tggc

Loklfcjst
 Rhtjne slhck

Rubrjls agr pgrtagcjg

<.Dk`gnstrhtjgn

4.Jntkrvjkw

;.Rkackltjvk \trhtkey “ skca-hsskss`knt

1. Igurnhc

5. Rklgrdjne Dkvjlks

Hnkldgthc
Hnkldgthc rklgrd
rklgrd

B. Ckhrnjne Rksgurlks hnd Jnstrultjgnhc Hllg``gdhtjgn

8. \pkljhc kdulhtjgn ]rgerh`

2. Jnlcusjgn ]rgerh`

<. Jndjeknjzhtjgn hnd lgntkxtuhcjzhtjgn ga tok lurrjlucu`

4. HC\

;. Djsthnlk Ckhrnjne

1. Xuhcjty Djaakrkntjhtkd Jnstrultjgns

5. @hdrhsho hcjvk

@hdrhsho js hn Hrhbjl nh`k agr sloggc. Jt js h lg``unjty bhskd hnd lg``unjty

`hnhekd sloggc wogsk tkhlojnes hrk bhskd gn tok Xur‚hn.

Uoht js Hcjvk ]rgerh`7

Hrhbjl Chneuhek
Hrhbjl Chneuhek hnd Jsch`jl
Jsch`jl Qhcuk
Qhcuk Kdulhtjgn
Kdulhtjgn (HCJQK
(HCJQK)) js h prgerh`
prgerh` j`pck`kntkd
j`pck`kntkd
jn pubcjl sloggcs wojlo hj`s tg prgvjdk hddjtjgnhc subiklts gn Hrhbjl Chneuhek hnd
Jsch`jl Qhcuk jn tok rkeuchr bhsjl kdulhtjgn lurrjlucu`7