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    MSSQL Views

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    MSSQL VIEWS

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    MSSQL Views

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    MSSQL VIEWS

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    MSSQL VIEWS

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    MSSQL VIEWS

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views9 pages

    MSSQL Views

    Uploaded by

    sss ppp
    MSSQL VIEWS

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    MSSQL VIEWS

    A view is a database object that has no values. It is a virtual table,


    which is created according to the result set of an SQL query.
    However, it looks similar to an actual table containing rows and columns.
    Therefore, we can say that its contents are based on the base table. It is
    operated similarly to the base table but does not contain any data of its
    own. Its name is always unique, like tables. The views differ from
    tables as they are definitions that are created on top of other tables (or
    views). If any changes occur in the underlying table, the same changes
    reflected in the views also.

    This diagram illustrates the concept of a view that included columns from
    more than one table. Here we have two tables named 'Table
    A' and 'Table B,' and by using a SQL statement, a view is created
    containing data from both tables. Views are a database object; that's why
    it does not store physically. This feature makes views excellent for
    abstracting or hiding complex queries.

    Uses of views
    The primary use of view in SQL Server is to implement the security
    mechanism. It prevents users from seeing specific columns and rows from
    tables. It only shows the data returned by the query that was declared
    when the view was created. The rest of the information is completely
    hidden from the end-user.
    Types of views
    The SQL Server categories the views into two types:

    1. User-Defined Views

    Users define these views to meet their specific requirements. It


    can also divide into two types one is the simple view, and another is the
    complex view. The simple view is based on the single base table without
    using any complex queries. The complex view is based on more than
    one table along with group by clause, order by clause, and join conditions.

    2. System-Defined Views

    System-defined views are predefined and existing views stored in


    SQL Server, such as Tempdb, Master, and temp. Each system views has
    its own properties and functions. They can automatically attach to the
    user-defined databases. We can divide the System-defined views in SQL
    Server into three types: Information Schema, Catalog View, and Dynamic
    Management View.

    SQL Server allows us to create a view in mainly two ways:

    o Using T-SQL Query


    o Using SQL Server Management Studio

    Let us explain both ways in detail.

    Using T-SQL Query


    We can create a new view by using the CREATE VIEW and
    SELECT statement. SELECT statements are used to take data from the
    source table to make a VIEW.

    Syntax

    The following syntax is used to create a view in SQL Server:

    1. CREATE VIEW view_name AS


    2. SELECT column1, column2, ...
    3. FROM table_name
    4. WHERE condition;

    In this syntax, the view_name indicates the name of a view. It should be


    unique. The SELECT statement chooses columns from the source table.
    The WHERE is an optional clause specifying the conditions that must be
    met for the records to be included in the VIEW.

    Example

    Let us understand it with the help of an example. Suppose our database


    has a table named Student and Fee that contains the following data:

    Now, we will create a view based on these tables. Thus, the below
    example will create a view name "course" that creates a virtual table
    made by taking data from both tables.

    1. CREATE VIEW course_enrolled


    2. AS
    3. SELECT first_name, last_name, course, amount_paid
    4. FROM Student AS S
    5. INNER JOIN Fee AS F
    6. ON S.admission_no = F.admission_no;

    We can verify the view data using the SELECT statement as below:

    1. SELECT * FROM course_enrolled;

    This query will display the below output:


    Rename views in SQL Server
    We can also change the name of a view in SQL Server. We can do this by
    using the built-in stored procedure named sp_rename or the SQL Server
    management studio. Here we will see both ways:

    Using sp_rename

    The following syntax is used to rename a view:

    1. SP_RENAME View_Old_Name, View_New_Name

    Suppose we want to change the name of the above-created


    view course_enrolled to course. The following query explains this
    concept:

    1. sp_rename course_enrolled, course

    Using SQL Server Management Studio


    To change the name of a view in SSMS, we need to navigate to
    the Object Explorer -> Databases -> Views. Here you will see all
    available views. Select one that you want to modify, right-click on it and
    select the Rename option. For example, we are going to rename a view
    name course as follows:
    Once we click the Rename option, we are able to change its name:

    Update views in SQL Server


    We can also update a view in SQL Server. We can do this by using
    the ALTER VIEW command or the management studio. Here we will see
    both ways:

    ALTER VIEW Statement

    Suppose we want to add one more column named 'city' in the above-
    created view course_enrolled. To do this, we need to use the statements
    as follows:

    1. ALTER VIEW course_enrolled


    2. AS
    3. SELECT first_name, last_name, course, city, amount_paid
    4. FROM Student AS S
    5. INNER JOIN Fee AS F
    6. ON S.admission_no = F.admission_no;
    We can verify this modification by using the SELECT statement. It will
    display the below output where we can see that the city column is added
    successfully.

    Using SQL Server Management Studio


    To alter an existing view using SSMS, we need to navigate to the Views.
    Then, select your desired view name that you want to modify, right-click
    on it and select the Design option. For example, we are going to
    modify a view name course_enrolled as follows:

    This option will display a new design query window with existing tables
    and their relationship. Here we can make any changes to our views.
    How to get views definition in SQL Server?
    SQL Server provides the sp_helptext stored procedure that allows us to
    get the information of any views. We can use the below syntax to see the
    definition of a view:

    1. SP_HELPTEXT view_name

    Suppose you want to see the definition of a course_enrolled view. You can
    do this as follows:

    1. SP_HELPTEXT course_enrolled

    It will display the following output:


    List views in SQL Server
    We can use the sys.views or sys.objects catalog view to list or display
    all views available in a SQL Server Database. Here is an example:

    1. SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(v.object_id) schema_name, v.name


    2. FROM sys.views as v;

    Drop Views in SQL Server


    We can also remove the existing view from the SQL Server. We can do
    this by using the SQL query or the management studio. Here we will see
    both ways:

    Using SQL Query

    SQL Server provides a DROP VIEW command to remove the view from a
    database. If the view does not exist, we will get an error. We can use the
    below syntax to remove a view:

    1. DROP VIEW [IF EXISTS] schema_name.view_name;

    Suppose you want to delete a view course_enrolled, we can do this as


    follows:

    1. DROP VIEW course_enrolled

    It will delete the view successfully. If we execute this command again, we


    will get the below error message:

    Using SQL Server Management Studio


    To remove an existing view using SSMS, we need to navigate to the
    Views. Select your desired view name that you want to delete, right-click
    on it and select the Delete option. For example, we are going to drop a
    view name course as follows:

    Once we click on the Delete option, we will get a new window to confirm
    the deletion process. Click on Yes to complete the deletion. We will make
    sure that it will delete all permission of a view also.

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