PHILIPPINE DISASTER AND RISK PROFILE

THE PHILIPPINES DISASTER RISK PROFILE

 The Philippines officially the Republic of the  National-level disaster risk profiles provide
Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas), is an information on possible losses in future disasters;
archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. guide the placement of infrastructure to minimize
 Historically, the total number of islands in the new risk; inform urban planning and risk reduction
archipelago was 7,107. measures; and guide disaster risk financing efforts,
 In 2016 the National Mapping and Resource to name a few.
Information Authority of the Philippines discovered  Disaster risk is expressed as the likelihood of loss of
more than 500 previously uncharted islands. life, injury or destruction and damage from a disaster
 In total the archipelago has around 7,640 islands — in a given period of time. (UNDRR Global
about 2,000 of which are inhabited Assessment Report, 2015)
 Filipinos (Tagalog: Mga Pilipino) are the people  Disaster risk is widely recognized as the
who are citizens of or native to the Philippines. The consequence of the interaction between a hazard
majority of Filipinos today come from various and the characteristics that make people and places
Austronesian ethnolinguistic groups, all typically vulnerable and exposed.
speaking either Filipino, English, and/or other
Philippine languages. Currently, there are more than
185 ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines; each
with its own language, identity, culture, and history.

Administrative Region
 3 Geographical Areas: Luzon, Visayas, and
Mindanao
 18 regions
 81 provinces
 145 cities
 1,489 municipalities
 2,029 barangays
PHILIPPINE NATURAL DISASTER RISK INDEX
Iloilo, officially the Province of Iloilo  Due to the geographical context of the Philippines,
 (Hiligaynon: Kapuoran sang Iloilo; Kinaray-a: the country is vulnerable to numerous natural
Kapuoran kang Iloilo; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng disasters ranging from earthquakes, tropical
Iloilo) cyclones, and flooding. In 2021, earthquakes
 5 Congressional Districts occurring in the country had a 10 risk index points
 42 Municipalities while tropical cyclones had a 9.5 risk index points.
 2 Cities (one component and one highly
urbanized)
 1,721 Barangays
 million as of January 2023

Iloilo City, officially the City of Iloilo

 (Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa sang Iloilo, Syudad
sang Iloilo; Tagalog: Lungsod ng Iloilo)
 Lone Congressional District
 7 Geographical Districts
 180 Barangays
 ± 457 K population

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 equally responsible for whether disasters
occur in the context of extreme natural
events.

 EXPOSURE
o is the extent to which populations in hazard-
prone areas are exposed to and burdened
by the impacts of extreme natural events or
the negative consequences of climate
change
o Thus, exposure consists of the aspects of
hazardousness, which include the frequency
and intensity of earthquakes, tsunamis,
coastal and river floods, cyclones, droughts,
and sea-level rise in an area (hazard zone),
and populations (hazard object)
o The country, however, was not included in
the top 10 most vulnerable countries to
disasters.

 VULNERABILITY
o focuses on the tendency of populations to
be vulnerable to damage from extreme
natural events or the negative impacts of
climate change.
 The World Risk Index 2022 (released September)
ranked the Philippines first in the world in risk
among 193 countries worldwide (representing 99
percent of global population). India and Indonesia
ranked second and third, followed by Colombia and
Mexico. (Oct 20, 2022)

 Emergence and progression of disasters are highly

dependent on the social conditions of the people,
regions, and countries affected, to accompany the
shift from reactive to proactive action.

 DISASTER RISKS
o are not solely shaped by the occurrence,
intensity, and duration of extreme natural
events, but that social factors, political
conditions, and economic structures are

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 As a sphere of economic, political, social, and Together with reported felt intensities in the area
environmental factors, vulnerability maps the (if any), earthquake information is released once
capacities and dispositions of people, households, these data are determined.
and societies and indicates how easily and to what
degree they can be destabilized, damaged, or even KAWANIHAN NG PAGMIMINA AT AGHAM PANLUPA
destroyed by extreme events.  Responsible for the conservation, management,
development and use of the country's mineral
 It is composed of the three dimensions of resources, including those in reservations and
susceptibility, lack of coping capacities, and lack of public lands.
adaptive capacities, which are subdivided into  Does basic geological mapping.
further categories.  Conducts engineering geological and
geohazard assessment.
 The country’s coping capabilities and adaptive  Addresses water-related concerns and
capacities scores were 57.81 (very high) and 55.48 assesses possible waste disposal sites.
(high), respectively.  In charge of creating, maintaining and
enhancing geological database systems for
COPING CAPACITIES the MGB
o is the abilities and measures of societies to
counter adverse impacts of natural events or DOST-PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical
climate change through direct actions and and Astronomical Services Administration/Pangasiwaan
available resources in the form of formally or ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmosperiko, Heopisiko at
informally organized activities and measures, as Astronomiko
 The National Meteorological and Hydrological
well as to reduce damage in the immediate
Services (NMHS) agency of the Philippines
aftermath of an event and initiate recovery.
mandated to provide protection against natural
calamities and to insure the safety, well-being
ADAPTIVE CAPACITIES
and economic security of all the people, and for
o in contrast refers to long-term processes and
the promotion of national progress by
strategies to achieve anticipatory changes in
undertaking scientific and technological
societal structures and systems to counteract,
services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology,
mitigate, or purposefully avoid future negative
astronomy and other geophysical sciences.
impacts
EPIDEMIOLOGY BUREAU DEPARTMENT OF
HAZARDS MONITORING AGENCIES HEALTH
 Provide stakeholders with surveillance and
PHIVOLCS – Philippine institute of Volcanology and epidemiologic information to prevent and
Seismology/Surian ng Pilipinas sa Bulkanolohiya at control outbreaks and to improve health
Sismolohiya policies, programs and systems.
 Monitors volcano, earthquake, and tsunami  Develop competent health personnel to detect
activity, and issues warnings as necessary. It is and respond to public health threats.
mandated to mitigate disasters that may arise
 Develop and evaluate surveillance systems
from such volcanic eruptions, earthquakes,
and other health information systems
tsunamis, and other related geotectonic
 Collect, analyze and disseminate reliable and
phenomena.
timely information on the health status
 Investigate disease outbreaks and other
EARTHQUAKE MONITORING SYSTEM
threats to public health
 At present, PHIVOLCS operates 108 (as of  Network public health laboratories in support
December 2020) seismic monitoring stations all of epidemilogical and surveillance activities
over the Philippines. These stations are
equipped with seismometers that detect and PCTC- Philippine Center on Transnational Crime
record earthquakes. Data is sent to the Interpol – National Central Bureau Manila
PHIVOLCS Data Receiving Center (DRC) to  Formulate and implement a concerted
determine earthquake parameters such as program of action of all law enforcement,
magnitude, depth of focus and epicenter. intelligence and other government agencies for

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 the prevention and control of transnational  1990 February 08 Bohol Earthquake Ms: 6.8
crime.
Dead 6; Injured 200; Displaced 46,000
 Information exchange with government
agencies, foreign countries, and international  1990 June 14 Panay Earthquake Ms: 6.1 Killed 8;
organizations; Injured 41
 Strategic studies research the structure and  1996 May 27 Bohol Earthquake Ms: 5.6
dynamics of all forms of transnational crimes
 1999 June 07 Earthquakes in Agusan del Sur
and formulate strategies to detect and prevent
such crimes and apprehend criminal elements Ms: 5.1
involved;  2002 March 06 Ms6.8 Palimbang Earthquake
 Law enforcement coordination and operation
Dead 8; Injured 41; Affected 7,684 families
against all forms of transnational crime in
coordination with concerned law enforcement
agencies; Deadliest Earthquakes Philippines
 Capacity building through formulation and  1968 August 02 Casiguran Earthquake Ms: 7.3
development of community crises Mb: 5.9 (ISC) Killed 270; Injured 261
management, law enforcement training, and
 1976 August 17 Moro Gulf Earthquake
staff development; and
International Cooperation;  Mw: 8.1 Dead 4,751; Missing 2,288; Injured 9,926
 1990 July 16 Luzon Earthquake Mw: 7.8 Dead
RISKS, HAZARDS, & VULNERABILITY 1,621; Injured 3,513; Missing 321 missing;
Displaced 126,035
PhilippinesAll Hazards Risks
 1994 November 15 Mindoro Earthquake Mw: 7.1
 Geophysical (Earthquakes, Landslides, Tsunamis,
Dead 78
Volcanic Activity)
 2013 October 15 Bohol Earthquake Mw: 7.2 Dead
 Hydrological (Floods, Sinkholes)
222; Missing 8; Injured 976
 Climatological (High-Heat Index, Thunderstorms,
Lightningstorms, Drought, Wildfires)
 Meteorological (Tropical Cyclones, Tropical
Deadliest Typhoons in the Philippines
Storms/Wave Surges)
 Disease Outbreaks (Epidemics)
 Man Made
 Conflicts (Civil Disturbance, Terrorism)
 Technological (Transport, Environment,
Structural, Industrial)
 Hybrid or Combinations

Destructive Earthquakes Philippines

 1968 August 02 Casiguran Earthquake Ms: 7.3
Mb: 5.9 (ISC) Killed 270, Injured 261
 1973 March 17 Ragay Gulf Earthquake Ms: 7.1
Dead 15; Injured 100
 1976 August 17 Moro Gulf Earthquake Mw: 8.1
Dead 4,751, Missing 2,288, Injured 9,926
 1983 August 17 Laoag Earthquake Ms: 6.5 Dead
16; Injured 47

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