RESEARCH METHODOLOGY MCQS

1. Published information in a particular subject area is discussed in? (A) Journals B)

Research proposal C) Literature review D) Bioethics E) All of them Answer: (A)
2. There are ________ basic elements of a literature review. A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 7
3. Which one is not element of a literature review? A) Headings B) Introduction C) Body D)
Conclusion E) Recommendations Answer: (E)
4. Summarize and synthesize are characteristics of? A) Research design B) Literature
review C) story writing D) Journalism E) All of them
5. Who should write a literature review? A) Scholar B) Teacher C) Supervisor D)
coordinator E) Consultant
6. Sources of Literature review are all, except? A) Books B) Journals C) Articles D)
Magazines E) Discussions
7. Which of the following is characteristic of poor L? A) Critical evaluation B) Clarity C)
Conciseness D) Narrow and Shallow E) None of them
8. Which of them is a characteristic of good L? A) Confusing B) Critical evaluation C)
Longwinded D) Confined to description E) All these
9. The purposes of Literature review are all, except? A) Copy pasting B) Discovering C)
Synthesizing D) Identifying E) Establishing
10.L is written _________ of the thesis. A) In the start B) At the end C) After introduction D)
In the middle (E) After references
11.The method that consists of collection of data through observation and experimentation,
formulation and testing of hypothesis is called_______ method. A) Empirical B) scientific
C) Scientific information D) practical knowledge E) none of these Answer: (B)
12.All research processes start with________ A) Observation B) hypothesis C) Experiments
D) deduction E) analysis Answer: (A)
13.A Research is a_________ A) Lab experiment B) systematic and scientific inquiry C)
Report D) procedure E) hypothesis
14.Which one of the following is/are not the characteristic of research? A) Systemic B)
logical C) Empirical D) replicable E) non-systematic Answer: (E)
15.The purpose of research is to: A) Review or synthesize existing knowledge B) Investigate
existing situations or problems C) Provide solutions to problems D) Explain new
phenomenon E) All of these Answer: (E)
16.On the basis of objective point of view how many types of research? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E)
7
17.Applied research is a type of research on the basis of ________ A) Application B)
objective C) Types of information sought D) Application and objective E) None of these
18.Which of the following is/are the type of research on objective point of view? A) Basic B)
applied research C) Explanatory research D) Qualitative E) Quantitative research
19.All of the following are the types of research on the basis of objective EXCEPT: A)
Exploratory B) descriptive C) Correlation research D) applied research E) Explanatory
20.On the basis of information sought there are 2 types of research which are: A)
Exploratory research and explanatory research B) Descriptive research and correlation
research C) Qualitative research and quantitative research D) Basic research and
applied research E) Basic research and explanatory research Answer: (C)
21.Which of the following statement is not correct about a questionnaire? A) A technique
for collecting data B) Large amounts of information can be collected C) Its quick and
easy to collect results D) An expensive method to collect data E) Set of questions for the
purposes of a survey or statistical study
22.Which of the following is a first step of designing a questionnaire? A) Identify the goal of
a questionnaire B) Choose a question type or types C) Identify a target demographic D)
Restrict the length of your questionnaire E) Develop questions for a questionnaire
Answer: (A)
23.Types of commonly used questions in a questionnaire are: A) Yes/no question B)
agree/disagree C) Open-ended D) Rank-order / scale e) All of the above
24.By writing a questionnaire you should avoid the following thing: A) Restrict the length of
your questionnaire B) Explain the purpose of the questionnaire C ) Ask more than one
question at a time D) Beware of asking for private or “sensitive” information E) Put the
most important questions at the beginning of your questionnaire
25.Which of the following is a first step in writing a questionnaire? A) Explain the purpose
of the questionnaire B) Self introduction C) Estimate time D) Reveal what will happen
with the data you collect E) Describe any incentives that may be involved Answer:
(B)
26.Common ways to distribute questionnaires are: A) An online site B) using the mail C)
Conduct face-to-face interviews D) using the telephone E) All of these Answer:
(E)
27.Advantages of questionnaire are: A) Inexpensive B) a practical way to gather data C) its
quick and easy to collect results D) Allow you to gather information from a large
audience E) All of the above Answer: (E)
28.A systematic study directed toward greater knowledge or understanding of the
fundamental aspects of phenomena is called A) Applied research B) basic research C)
explanatory D) qualitative E) quantitative
29.Which research refers to scientific study and research that seeks to solve practical
problem? A) Basic research B ) applied research C) explanatory D) correlational E)
descriptive Answer: (B)
30.Preliminary data collection is a part of the_______ research. (A) Qualitative B )
exploratory C) explanatory D) correlational research (E) descriptive research
Answer: (E)
31.A subset that is chosen from large population? A) Parameter B) Variable C) Sample D)
Statistic E) None of them Answer: (C)
32.Individual is chosen randomly and entirely by chance such each individual has the same
probability of chosen? A) Systemic random sampling B) Simple random sampling C)
Stratified random sampling D) Complex sampling E) Non-sampling Answer: (B)
33.Which of the following sampling method required complete information about the
entire individual of population? A) Systemic random sampling B) Stratified random
sampling C) Simple random sampling D) Convenience sampling E) All of above
Answer: (D)
34.Sampling technique used when population under study is heterogeneous? A) Simple
random sampling B) Stratified random sampling C) Systematic random sampling D)
Snowball E) All of above
35.A specific plan or protocol for conducting research that allow researcher to transform
conceptual hypothesis into practical one is________. A) Research B) Basic research C)
Study design D) Research problem D) None
36.The basic epidemiological study designs are of_______ types. A) Two B) Three C) Seven
D) Eight E) Ten
37.Pick individual based descriptive research: A) Cross sectional B) Cohort C) Case report D)
RCTs E) Quassi experiments
38.Pick population based descriptive research: A) Case-control B) RCTs C) Case series D)
Cohort E) Ecological research
39.Pick observational based analytical study design: A) Case report B) Case series C)
Ecological D) Cohort E) All of above
40.Pick experimental/interventional study design: A) RCTs B) Quassi experiments C) Case
control D) Cohort E) Both A and B
41.Which one is not an analytical study? A) Ecological B) Cohort C) Case-control D) RCTs E)
Quassi experiments
42.A single patient clinical history is described in detail in_________ A) Cohort B) Case-
control C) Case study D) Case series E) All of above
43.Snapshot of population at a point of time is________. A) Case report B) Cross-sectional
C) Cohort D) Quassi E) RCTs
44.Screening surveys is example of________ study design. A) Cross-sectional B) Lab tests C)
WHO screening D) Community screening E) RCTs
45._________ study is part of social sciences, not general research. A) Cohort B) Case-
control C) Case study D) Case series E) Cross-sectional
46.Temporal relation doesnt exist in __________ study design. A) Case report B) Case
series C) Cohort D) None of these E) Both A and C
47.The variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment is_________. A)
Dependent B) Independent C) Subjective D) Fixed E) None-statistical Answer: (B)
48.A_________ variable is changed and controlled in a scientific experiment. A) Dependent
B) Independent C) Subjective D) Fixed E) Non-statistical Answer: (B)
49.Which of the following is non-probability sampling technique? A) Simple random
sampling B) Stratified random sampling C) Snowball sampling D) Cluster sampling E)
Systematic random sampling Answer: (C)
50.Ethics is the branch of________. A) Philosophy B) Social sciences C) Statistics D)
Biostatistics E) Bio-medics Answer: (A)
51.A field of study concerned with the ethics and philosophical implications of certain
biological and medical procedures, technologies and treatments is called_________. A)
Bio-medics B) Biotechnology C) Biogeography D) Biology E) Bioethics
52.Research should be driven only by desire to establish the ________. A) Information B)
Conclusion C) Truth D) Planning E) All of these
53.Who provided Helsinki declarations for guidance of medical research community? A)
WHO B) UNO C) OIC D) World medical association E) None
54.General ethical principles include: A) Beneficence B) Non-maleficence C) Respect for
person D) All A, B and C E) Only A and C
55.Informed consent is also a part of: A) Social sciences B) Research ethics C) Lab tests D)
TV shows E) Social media
56.The process of identifying and reporting unethical or unsound research is called_______.
A) Research ethics B) Research misconduct C) Study design D) Scholarity E) None
57._______ is making up data or results and recording or reporting them. A) Plagiarism B)
Falsification C) Publication D) Fabrication E) Jurisdiction Answer: (C)
58.The appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results or words without giving
appropriate credit is called________. A) Falsification B) Fabrication C) Publication D)
Jurisdiction E) Plagiarism
59.The answers from respondents of the questionnaire are run in software called,
________. A) BLAST B) SPSS C) APSSP D) MEGA5 E) Google scholar
60.SPSS software can also detect the magnitude of _. A) Plagiarism B) Study design C)
Research ethics D) Literature review E) None
61.Our research starts with the first step of. A) Research type B) Research ethics C)
Research problem D) Plagiarism E) Both A and C
62.A research scholar is guided by a trained scholar or _________. A) Pharmacist B)
Supervisor C) Parents D) Colleagues E) School friends
63.Developing the hypothesis is an objective of _______ study. A) Analytical B)
Interventional C) Observational D) Experimental E) Descriptive
64.No examination of association between exposure and health outcome, select true study
design: A) Analytical B) Descriptive C) Interventional D) Observational E) Experimental
65.A study that helps in developing an etiological hypothesis: A) Cohort B) Case-control C)
Case report D) Cross-sectional comparative E) Case study
66.When you are searching different search engines and assessing published materials. It is
a . A) Literature review B) Literature search C) Internet surfing D) Both A and B E) None
67.Outline approach is used in which part of research? A) Questionnaire B) Research ethics
C) Study design D) L E) All of these
68. ‘’Do you treat your children with kindness like a good parent should do?’’ This is a
question. A) Confusing B) Double-barrelled C) Loaded or bias D) Fine E) Invalid (99) Do
you like cats and dogs? This is a ________ question. A) Confusing B) Double-barrelled C)
Loaded or bias D) Fine E) Invalid
69.You should start your questionnaire with a question that is more______ to topic. A)
Relevant B) Exhausting C) Strong D) Endless E) Confusing Answer: (A)
70.Which of the following statement is correct? (a) Reliability ensures the validity (b)
Validity ensures reliability (c) Reliability and validity are independent of each other (d)
Reliability does not depend on objectivity Answer: (C)
71.Which of the following indicates evaluation? (a) Ram got 45 marks out of 200 (b) Mohan
got 38 percent marks in English (c) Shyam got First Division in final examination (d) All
the above Answer: (D)
72.Research can be conducted by a person who: (a) has studied research methodology (b)
holds a postgraduate degree (c) possesses thinking and reasoning ability (d) is a hard
worker Answer: (A)
73.Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Objectives of research are stated in
first chapter of the thesis (b) Researcher must possess analytical ability (c) Variability is
the source of problem (d) All the above Answer: (D)
74.Which of the following is not the Method of Research? (a) Observation (b) Historical (c)
Survey (d) Philosophical Answer: (A)
75.Research can be classified as: (a) Basic, Applied and Action Research (b)Quantitative and
Qualitative Research (c) Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research (d)
All the above Answer: (D)
76.The first step of research is: (a) Selecting a problem (b) Searching a problem (c) Finding a
problem (d) Identifying a problem Answer: (D)
77.To test null hypothesis, a researcher uses: (a) t test (b) ANOVA (c) X2 (d) factorial
analysis Answer: (B)
78.A research problem is feasible only when: (a) it has utility and relevance (b) it is
researchable (c) it is new and adds something to knowledge (d)all the above
Answer: (D)
79.Bibliography given in a research report: (a) shows vast knowledge of the researcher (b)
helps those interested in further research (c) has no relevance to research (d) all the
above Answer: (B)
80.Fundamental research reflects the ability to:(a) Synthesize new ideals (b) Expound new
principles (c) Evaluate the existing material concerning research(d) Study the existing
literature regarding various topics Answer: (B)
81.The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known as: (a) Survey
Research (b)'Ex-post Facto' Research (c)Historical Research ( d) Summative Research
Answer: (B)
82.Generalised conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as (a) data analysis
and interpretation (b) Parameter inference (c) Statistical inference (d) All of the above
Answer: (A)
83.The experimental study is based on: (a)The manipulation of variables (b) Conceptual
parameters (c) Replication of research (d) Survey of literature Answer: (A)
84.The main characteristic of scientific research is: (a) empirical (b) theoretical (c)
experimental (d) all of the above (d) Answer: (D)
85.We use Factorial Analysis: (a) To know the relationship between two variables (b) To
test the Hypothesis (c)To know the difference between two variables (d)To know the
difference among the many variables Answer: (C)
86.A null hypothesis is (a) when there is no difference between the variables (b) the same
as research hypothesis (c) subjective in nature (d) when there is difference between the
variables Answer: (A)
87.The research which is exploring new facts through the study of the past is called (a)
Philosophical research (b) Historical research (c) Mythological research (d) Content
analysis Answer: (B)
88.Manipulation is always a part of (a)Historical research (b) Fundamental research (c)
Descriptive research (d) Experimental research Answer: (C)
89.Which correlation coefficient best explains the relationship between creativity and
intelligence? (a)1.00 (b) 0.6 (c) 0.5 (d)0.3 Answer: (A)
90.Research is (a) Searching again and again (b) Finding a solution to any problem
(c)Working in a scientific way to search for the truth of any problem (d) None of the
above Answer: (C)
91.A common test in research demands much priority on (a) Reliability (b)Userability (c)
Objectivity (c) All of the above Answer: (D)
92.Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process? (a) Searching
sources of information to locate the problem. (b) Survey of related literature (c)
Identification of the problem (d) Searching for solutions to the problem Answer: (A)
93.Authenticity of a research finding is its: (a)Originality (b) Validity (c)Objectivity (d) All of
the above Answer: (C)
94.Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite? (a) Area Sampling
Technique (b) Purposive Sampling Technique (c) Systematic Sampling Technique
(d)None of the above Answer: (C)
95.Research problem is selected from the stand point of: (a) Researcher's interest (b)
Financial support (c) Social relevance (d) Availability of relevant literature Answer:
(C)
96.Which one is called non-probability sampling? (a) Cluster sampling (b) Quota sampling
(c) Systematic sampling (d) Stratified random sampling
97.Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in: (a) Survey method (b) Historical
studies(c) Experimental studies (d) Normative studies Answer: (B)
98.Field-work-based research is classified as: (a) Empirical (b) Historical (c) Experimental
(d)Biographical Answer: (A)
99.Which of the following sampling method is appropriate to study the prevalence of AIDS
amongst male and female in India in 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006? (a) Cluster sampling (b)
Systematic sampling (c) Quota sampling (c) Stratified random sampling Answer: (B)
100. The research is always – (a) verifying the old knowledge (b) exploring new knowledge
(c) filling the gap between knowledge (d) all of these Answer: (D)
101. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more and more
clear ideas about the problem is: (a) Applied research (b) Action research
(c)Experimental research (d) None of these Answer: (C)
102. When a research problem is related to heterogeneous population, the most suitable
sampling method is: (a) Cluster Sampling (b) Stratified Sampling (c) Convenient
Sampling (d) Lottery Method Answer: (B)
103. The process not needed in experimental research is: (a) Observation (b)
Manipulation and replication (c) Controlling (d) Reference collection Answer: (A)
104. A research problem is not feasible only when: (a) it is researchable (b) it is new and
adds something to the knowledge (c) it consists of independent and dependent
variables (c) it has utility and relevance Answer: (C)
105. How can the objectivity of the research be enhanced? (a) Through its impartiality (b)
Through its reliability (c) Through its validity (d) All of these Answer: (D)
106. Action-research is: (a) An applied research (b) A research carried out to solve
immediate problems (c) A longitudinal research (d) All the above Answer: (B)
107. The basis on which assumptions are formulated: (a) Cultural background of the
country (b) Universities (c) Specific characteristics of the castes (d ) All of these
Answer: (A)
108. Which of the following is classified in the category of the developmental research? (a)
Philosophical research (b) Action research (c) Descriptive research (d) All the above
Answer: (D)