Full download text book at textbookfull.

com

Winnicott and Kohut on Intersubjectivity

and Complex Disorders: New Perspectives
for Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy and
Psychiatry 1st Edition Carlos Nemirovsky
DOWLOAD HERE

https://textbookfull.com/product/winnicott-and-
kohut-on-intersubjectivity-and-complex-disorders-
new-perspectives-for-psychoanalysis-psychotherapy-
and-psychiatry-1st-edition-carlos-nemirovsky/

DOWLOAD NOW

Download more textbook from textbookfull.com

More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Chinese Perspectives on Cultural Psychiatry

Psychological Disorders in A Dream of Red Mansions and
Contemporary Society Wei Wang

https://textbookfull.com/product/chinese-perspectives-on-
cultural-psychiatry-psychological-disorders-in-a-dream-of-red-
mansions-and-contemporary-society-wei-wang/

Psychosis Psychoanalysis And Psychiatry In Post War Usa

On The Borderland Of Madness 1st Edition Ophir Orna

https://textbookfull.com/product/psychosis-psychoanalysis-and-
psychiatry-in-post-war-usa-on-the-borderland-of-madness-1st-
edition-ophir-orna/

Process Facilitation in Psychoanalysis Psychotherapy

and Social Work Sylvia O’Neill

https://textbookfull.com/product/process-facilitation-in-
psychoanalysis-psychotherapy-and-social-work-sylvia-oneill/

CyberParks The Interface Between People Places and

Technology New Approaches and Perspectives Carlos
Smaniotto Costa

https://textbookfull.com/product/cyberparks-the-interface-
between-people-places-and-technology-new-approaches-and-
perspectives-carlos-smaniotto-costa/
Biota Grow 2C gather 2C cook Loucas

https://textbookfull.com/product/biota-grow-2c-gather-2c-cook-
loucas/

Psychoanalysis and Psychiatry Partners and Competitors

in the Mental Health Field Cláudio Laks Eizirik

https://textbookfull.com/product/psychoanalysis-and-psychiatry-
partners-and-competitors-in-the-mental-health-field-claudio-laks-
eizirik/

Self Examination in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy

Countertransference and Subjectivity in Clinical
Practice William F Cornell

https://textbookfull.com/product/self-examination-in-
psychoanalysis-and-psychotherapy-countertransference-and-
subjectivity-in-clinical-practice-william-f-cornell/

Synopsis of Neurology Psychiatry and Related Systemic

Disorders Alan B. Ettinger

https://textbookfull.com/product/synopsis-of-neurology-
psychiatry-and-related-systemic-disorders-alan-b-ettinger/

Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT): Group

Psychotherapy for Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic
Disorders, Clinician Guide 1st Edition David L. Roberts

https://textbookfull.com/product/social-cognition-and-
interaction-training-scit-group-psychotherapy-for-schizophrenia-
and-other-psychotic-disorders-clinician-guide-1st-edition-david-
“This is a fascinating book that shows the area of contemporary Psycho-
analysis that has been devoted to the study of the suffering resulting from
deficits and early trauma. In particular, the origin of Winnicott and Kohut’s
ideas is discussed, comparing them critically and revealing how primitive
aspects are edited in the intersubjective analytical field. A useful book not
only for the psychoanalyst but also for other professionals dealing with men-
tal health.”
Roosevelt Cassorla, Training Analyst of the Psychoana-
lytic Society of São Paulo, Brazil. Sigourney Award 2017.
­Author of The Psychoanalyst, the Theater of Dreams and the
Clinic of Enactment (Routledge).

“We must include Nemirovsky amongst the most necessary of thinkers to-
day, ones who open up new paths for post-Freudian Psychoanalysis, fol-
lowing the stream established by Ferenczi. A century later, contemporary
psychoanalists neither work with the same patients nor in the same way of
working and listening as before. New paradigms have appeared and they
oblige the analyst to create a dialogue between diverse theories. The dia-
logue proposed by Nemirovsky between Winnicott and Kohut concerning
the basis of narcissism and the origins of our subjectivity results in creative
and enriching thought which presents us with ‘new’ ways in which to con-
sider our complex clinical work.”
Martina Burdet, IPA Full Member and Training
Analyst at the Madrid Psychoanalytical Association
(Spain) and Member of the SPP (Société Psychanalytique
de Paris). General Secretary of the European
Psychoanalytical Federation (EPF).

“This book is a fundamental contribution which reflects contemporary clin-

ical practice. It is a lucid exercise of rereading classic authors in the light of
the problems that we currently face in our everyday work.
The author constructs a dialogue between D. Winnicott and H. Kohut
that provides us with a rich knowledge of the ideas of these two great pio-
neers of Psychoanalysis, and goes further as it opens up paths for new devel-
opments and thus constitutes an excellent example of how Psychoanalysis
can grow looking to the future.”
Virginia Ungar, MD, IPA President.
Winnicott and Kohut
on Intersubjectivity and
Complex Disorders

Given the complexity of scientific developments inside and outside the psy-
choanalytic field, traditional definitions of basic psychoanalytic notions are
no longer sufficiently comprehensive. We need conceptualizations that en-
compass new clinical phenomena observed in present-day patients and that
take into account contributions inside, outside, and on the boundaries of
our practice.
This book discusses theoretical concepts which explain current clinical
expressions that are as ineffable as they are commonplace. Our patients re-
sort to these expressions when they feel distressed by their perception of
themselves as unreal, empty, fragile, non-existent, non-desiring, doubtful
about their identity, beset by feelings of futility and apathy, and emotion-
ally numb. The book aims at contrasting the ideas of Winnicott and Kohut,
which are connected with a clinical practice that sees each patient as unique
and are moreover in direct contact with empirical facts, and applies them to
the benefit of complex patients. These ideas facilitate the expansion of paths
in both the theory and the practice of our profession.
Uniquely contrasting the works of two seminal thinkers with a Latin
American perspective, Winnicott and Kohut on Intersubjectivity and Com-
plex Disorders will be invaluable to clinicians and psychoanalysts.

Carlos Nemirovsky, MD, graduated from the Universidad de Buenos Aires

in 1969. He is a full member of the Psychoanalytical Association of Buenos
Aires and IPA, a training analyst and Professor, Master of Psychoanalysis
with the Psychoanalysis Institute of Mental Health, member of IARPP, and
President of the Psychoanalytical Association of Buenos Aires from Janu-
ary, 2019.
Winnicott and Kohut
on Intersubjectivity and
Complex Disorders
New Perspectives for Psychoanalysis,
Psychotherapy and Psychiatry
Carlos Nemirovsky

TRANSLATED BY JUDITH FILC

LANGUAGE CONSULTANT EMMET BOLAND
First published 2021
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2021 Carlos Nemirovsky
The right of Carlos Nemirovsky to be identified as author of this
work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and
78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Nemirovsky, Carlos, 1945- author.
Title: Winnicott and Kohut on intersubjectivity and complex
disorders: new perspectives for psychoanalysis, psychotherapy and
psychiatry / Carlos Nemirovsky.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. |
Includes bibliographical references and index. |
Identifiers: LCCN 2020012624 (print) | LCCN 2020012625 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780367483623 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367483647 (paperback) |
ISBN 9781003039501 (ebook)
Subjects: MESH: Winnicott, D. W. (Donald Woods), 1896–1971. |
Kohut, Heinz. | Psychoanalytic Theory | Interpersonal Relations |
Mental Disorders—therapy | Psychoanalytic Therapy—methods
Classification: LCC RC454 (print) | LCC RC454 (ebook) | NLM WM 460.2 |
DDC 616.89—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020012624
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020012625

ISBN: 978-0-367-48362-3 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-367-48364-7 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-03950-1 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by codeMantra
To María Alejandra
Contents

Prologue xi
VA L E N T Í N BA R E N BL I T

2 Early psychic development in the work of

Winnicott and Kohut 27

3 Similarities and differences between

Winnicott and Kohut’s approaches 36

4 Healthiness in Winnicott and Kohut:

Deficit and conflict 49

5 Trauma after Freud 61

6 Narcissistic disorders, severely ill patients:

Psychotics and borderline personalities 70

7 Edition-Reedition: Some thoughts based on

Winnicott’s contributions to the understanding
and treatment of psychosis and other severe
pathologies 78

8 The setting and interpretation: Some thoughts

on Winnicott’s concepts 90
x Contents

References 121
Appendix I: Major works by Winnicott 135
Appendix II: Relevant works by Kohut and further
reading on Kohut’s Ideas 137
Index 141
Prologue
Valentín Barenblit1

Writing the prologue for a book certainly involves a transcendental action

in which the most relevant aspects of personal, professional, and ethical
commitments converge. On this occasion, the generosity of the author, who
has honoured me by asking me to play this role, belies a fact that should be
revealed to the readers: I am not a qualified expert in the work of Donald
Woods Winnicott or Heinz Kohut, which Carlos Nemirovsky discusses with
both excellence and theoretical and clinical rigour. However, I feel I can
legitimately provide a brief introduction for several reasons, of which I will
mention some. In my view, these justify my having the pleasure of endorsing
this book with my thoughts and opinions.
First, I would like to point out the significance of an intellectual and emo-
tional bond that has lasted several decades and defied time and distance. I
was forced to go into exile almost 30 years ago and have lived in Barcelona
ever since. Yet, as has been the case with my relationship with other col-
leagues and friends, my connection with Carlos Nemirovsky has endured
both intellectually and emotionally. This relationship harks back to our
work in, and professional and personal commitment to, the Psychopathol-
ogy and Neurology Ward of the Aráoz Alfaro Hospital, created and run by
our renowned and unforgettable teacher Dr. Mauricio Goldenberg. I had
the responsibility and the priceless honour of replacing Goldenberg in the
1970s, when he became director of the Italiano Hospital’s Psychiatry Ward
until his forced migration, first to Venezuela and then to the US.
It should also be noted that in his “Introduction,” Carlos Nemirovsky
discusses the various influences on his training and practice as a psychia-
trist and psychoanalyst. The list includes not only the authors who are the
focus of this book but also a great number of Argentine, US, and European
thinkers. Many of them have researched and left valuable contributions
to the various ways of practicing psychoanalysis and have taken politi-
cal and theoretical-technical positions in the psychoanalytic field that are
highlighted by Nemirovsky. Such positions allowed them to offer the ben-
efits of psychoanalysis to the community and to numerous sectors of the
population that did not have access to private psychoanalytic treatment.
xii Prologue
At the same time, the author points to the relevance of interdisciplinary
work. This approach refers to a basic notion, inter-discipline, that has become
a primary frame of reference in mental health and should be the object of our
continuous attention if we wish to establish an ethical viewpoint that vali-
dates the symmetrical acknowledgment of the different disciplines involved.
Furthermore, we can assert that in the realm of clinical practice, the treat-
ment currently develops as a complex space of production of techniques that
incorporate a new epistemological perspective. Based on this notion, we can
implement complementarities and articulations that will boost different prac-
tices as well as the diversity of psychoanalytic therapeutic strategies in mental
health care, with a special effort to tackle so-called severe mental pathologies,
which are designated as “complex disorders” in the title of this volume.
This special interest of Nemirovsky arose at the beginning of his training
as a psychiatry resident and as a member of our ward’s professional team.
Like him, many of the professionals who trained at the Aráoz Alfaro hospi-
tal are currently prestigious specialists; they are practicing psychiatrists and
analysts, teachers, and researchers. All of them freely opted for different
psychoanalytic schools as their area of theoretical interest and chose to de-
velop an array of forms of knowledge that make up the wide field of mental
health care. We can also trace in this book the author’s identification with a
graduate training model that developed both the basic elements of a creative
form of community mental health care and the basic premises of the concept
of subjectivity and of the clinical practices of individual, family, group, in-
stitutional, and community psychotherapy in the public health system.
We should highlight here the author’s references to his personal life and
to his evolution in his quest to understand the vicissitudes of the human
psyche. He tells us that in his hometown of Rosario, more specifically, in the
town of Pérez, where he grew up in a large family, in an environment that
framed “loves, passions, and rivalries but also (…) wants,” he learned to
survive, “and it had to be there, in that ‘breeding ground,’ where my psycho-
analytic vocation emerged when I was a child.” Beginning with this story,
the text conveys to us very private aspects of Nemirovsky’s waking life and
even more intimate aspects of his dream activity, in a rhetorical style that
recalls Freud’s discourse (which appears often in the book through quotes
from this author’s vast work).
I will also take the liberty to disclose that readers will be pleased with the
author’s honesty and with his stories about his professional development
and clinical practice, as well as with the comprehensive list of his personal
reference points: friends, colleagues, and those who, as his teachers or an-
alysts, left a mark on his way of thinking and facilitated his freedom of
expression. In his own words,

While my intention is to make of this book a guiding text rather than a

treatise, I am content with expressing my (perhaps too personal) opin-
ions with the hope that they will represent the views of many colleagues
 Prologue xiii
who share this perspective. My goal is to transmit, in a somewhat or-
ganized way, the ideas I discuss in the courses and seminars I teach.
These ideas reflect the path I have travelled, and with them I aim to help
those who are starting or who have already embarked on their profes-
sional journey.

Among the issues addressed with obvious courage, it is worth mentioning

Nemirovsky’s comments about the genocidal military dictatorship that gov-
erned Argentina between 1976 and 1983 and about its destructive effects on
public life, on the population’s mental health, on institutions, and on the
sociocultural milieu. At a different level, but also from a critical thinking
position, he states, among other things, his views on the question of power
as it arises in the patient-analyst relationship and in psychoanalytic insti-
tutions. In this context, he discusses training analysis, which has long been
prescribed by the International Psychoanalytic Association, of which we are
both members.
Along the path thoroughly charted by this book, readers will explore,
together with the author, “Donald W. Winnicott and Heinz Kohut’s basic
ideas on psychic development.” In his historical reference to Freud’s work,
Nemirovsky, who knows this work in depth, finds the original conceptual
framework that is essential to our discipline. Perhaps due to his expert
knowledge of Freud’s texts, he goes back to them time and time again to
emphasize post-Freudian contributions, especially Winnicott and Kohut’s,
to which he adheres both theoretically and technically, and those of other
analysts who have inspired him. We can, therefore, assert that this text was
conceived and carefully written to be “useful to the clinical practice of psy-
choanalysts, psychotherapists, and psychiatrists, especially those working
with severely disturbed patients.”
It is in the setting of these goals that we perceive an inspiration and desire
that evoke those of many renowned psychoanalysts who are part of a long
list of expert authors quoted by Nemirovsky. This list evinces the author’s
erudition as well as his meticulous and continued devotion to the study of
the works of very diverse thinkers. He also describes the foundations of his
own practice and the ideas stemming from his clinical experience. Among
these ideas, history and context have become topics of particular interest
that are repeatedly addressed from different conceptual perspectives.
Another key aspect of this book is the analysis of early psychic devel-
opment through concepts that are common to Winnicott and Kohut yet
from each of these authors’ unique viewpoint. In the same way, Nemirovsky
focuses on the complexity of the notions of self and narcissism, and on rela-
tional and intersubjective psychoanalysis. The author centres his discussion
on the relevance of the environment in the constitution of the human psyche
and, obviously, in the understanding of so-called psychic normalcy and pa-
thology, in particular, those pathologies that are usually designated as se-
vere mental disorders. When tackling these complex problems, Nemirovsky
xiv Prologue
provides the broadest and most detailed theoretical-clinical references on
Winnicott and Kohut’s productions.
To conclude this brief prologue, it is worth pointing out that the author
calls into question “orthodox” approaches to psychoanalytic practice.
Throughout the book, moreover, he reveals himself as a thinker who pro-
motes dialogue on a broad array of transcendent matters from the viewpoint
of his own conceptual framework and his “unorthodox” clinical practice. In
this way, he fosters a constructive discussion that will expertly enrich de-
bates on psychoanalytic theory, training, and practice.
Barcelona, December 2018.

Note
1 Honorary Professor, Buenos Aires University; Consulting Professor, Lanus
National University; Member, Argentine Psychoanalytic Association (APA),
Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic Association (APdeBA), Argentine Psychoanalytic
Society (SAP).
Introduction
My personal context

Authors with different views about psychoanalytic clinical practice have

formulated an array of hypotheses about the development of the psyche.
Each author and each school advance their own model (perspective) to un-
derstand and explain the early phenomena of psychic life that will influence
adult mental organization. Original psychoanalytic theories – those that
offer new ways of understanding by way of original paradigmatic ideas –
prioritize specific elements, to which they grant a central role in the con-
struction of the psyche.
Throughout this book, I have tried to develop tools to understand the
formation of the adult psychic structure from the point of view of several
authors with whom I have engaged in a dialogue for more than two decades.
These points of view are intertwined with my personal and professional his-
tory. The favoured interlocutor of the past few years has been Winnicott,
whom I consider a model for deep, independent psychoanalytic thinking.
He always relied on common sense and chose a language that made his con-
tributions accessible to a lay audience interested in the topics he discussed.
Another author who is part of my oft-consulted bibliography is Heinz
Kohut, whose paradigms reformulated North American psychoanalysis. His
major work is The Restoration of the Self (1977), where he provides an orig-
inal description of the time and place where psychoanalysis was created –
late-nineteenth-century Vienna. He discusses the social values that pre-
vailed at the time, as well as his conception of the self as containing an
epigenetic psyche that emerges from the relationship between individuals
and their environment. It is here that Kohut’s departure from the classic
Freudian theory of instinct and defence (conflict theory) is clearly set for-
mulated. The motivational focus is no longer on the sex instinct, which be-
comes one more factor rather than the main driving force of the human
psyche. This perspective has configured its own line of research within our
discipline and is currently defined as Self Psychology.
In 1981, The International Journal of Psychoanalysis published Kohut’s
posthumous paper “Introspection, empathy, and the semicircle of mental
health.” Against the Oedipus myth (which underlies the Freudian theory
of conflict), Kohut sets up the myth of Odysseus, based on a reparatory
2 Introduction: My personal context
narcissism that leads to the preservation and care of children and to inter-
generational cooperation (and not necessarily to Oedipal rivalry). From this
perspective, the death of Laius (a rival father) in the hands of Oedipus, as
well as the later pairing of Oedipus with his mother and his consequent guilt
and blindness, is the result of early abandonment – of the suffering of an
immature self that is incapable of controlling its instincts.
In agreement with Winnicott, Kohut prioritizes the human environment
and its interaction with a baby that has a strong need for its earliest objects,
for its caregivers to develop its psyche (as Balint would say, it needs its ob-
jects as much as it needs air to breathe and survive). For these authors, the
narcissistic needs of the human creature precede, both logically and chron-
ologically, the organization of desire. They highlight those features of the
object that allow it to satisfy the baby’s elemental needs. As a result, the
Freudian concept of narcissism is considerably transformed, as we shall see
later. Kohut (1977) fought against the prejudice that saw narcissism as prim-
itive and object relations as more evolved, a bias that implied that the cure
depended on the transformation of narcissism into object libido to achieve
maturity. Instead, he postulated two independent and equally important
lines of development, namely, the development of narcissism, on the one
hand, and the development of instincts and objects, on the other.
I also rely on Balint, in particular, on his notion of basic lack, as well as
on Bowlby’s views on attachment and McDougall’s clinical developments,
which I discuss later. I adopted the ideas of these cherished authors as
I evolved professionally in different contexts. When I started training as a
psychiatrist, Henri Ey’s books were always there, and Glenn Gabbard’s es-
says were added later on. When I became an analyst, I drew on the concepts
developed by the extremely productive Argentine psychoanalytic milieu.
I learned about psychoanalysis from a local perspective under the influence
of Pichon-Rivière, Bleger, M. and W. Baranger, Liberman, Etchegoyen, and
Gioia. Based on this blend of ideas, I tried to write a book that would be
useful to the clinical practice of psychoanalysts, psychotherapists, and psy-
chiatrists, especially those working with severely disturbed patients.
Today, psychotherapy and psychiatry, along with psychoanalysis, are my
daily instruments. With them I try to give meaning to my work, to my way
of being in the world. I practice psychiatry by relying on psychoanalytic
concepts. This practice is enriched not only with the writings of the authors
I cited above but also, above all, with the notions developed by diverse inter-
subjective perspectives, from Ferenczi on. These ideas provide a slant, a way
of constructing the clinical situation, especially with severely ill patients.
Experience has led me to think that severe illness – and I am not talking
about diagnosis – is always complex (disorders emerge in multiple ways: in
the body, at work, in the family). Therefore, we must examine it from mani-
fold perspectives, both psychoanalytic and non-psychoanalytic.
Concerning psychiatry, this book’s subtitle is likely inspired in the memo-
rable article by Winnicott (1959), “Classification: Is There a Psychoanalytic
 Introduction: My personal context 3
Contribution to Psychiatric Classification?”. There, Winnicott portrays the
psychiatry/psychoanalysis dialectic, which reflects his own career. The pro-
fessional journey of all those who trained as resident physicians also began
with the care of hospital patients, and we slowly acquired psychoanalytic
knowledge.1 At the Aráoz Alfaro Hospital we incorporated a point of view
that is now completely integrated into our way of thinking and will likely
never cease to be present.
I became a psychiatrist, and gradually acquired a solid psychoanalytic
training. This does not mean that two separate dimensions took shape in-
side me or that my clinical work has operated through a schematic, crude
choice between the two disciplines – “this is a psychiatric patient, this is
a psychoanalytic patient.” I could never separate my activities in clinical
practice. I recognize myself as a psychoanalyst who does not mind being
a physician and psychiatrist. I never think of helping patients by using a
certain approach and excluding others; I do everything I can for them. It is
later, when I discuss my work with my colleagues, that they will point out
that I chose a certain perspective as a tool in a specific intervention.2
Sometimes I need to prescribe medication to relieve patients’ symptomatic
suffering and thus create better conditions for the treatment. In this way, I can
form a therapeutic couple with the patient that will introduce a new relational
model. To this end, I must develop a variety of psychoanalytic hypotheses
based on my training, because that is my way of asking questions and of asking
myself questions as a psychoanalyst. Perhaps I start with two deficits. I cannot
be a psychiatrist pure and simple (if we view psychiatrists as taxonomists of
mental pathologies), just as I cannot see myself at the other end of the spec-
trum, that is, as a psychoanalyst with no hospital experience who has never
seen a psychotic person or worked in a community. My practice, therefore,
necessarily travels a path that has been both enriched and constrained by my
identifications with earlier and current teachers.
Another aspect of my professional vantage point that ought to be men-
tioned here is my inability to conceive of a practice that is not based on
the evidential paradigm (Ginzburg, 1992), which I discuss later. Our ideas
and our professional way of operating stem from our family and personal
histories, our professional development, our socio-historical environment,
and our teachers and their clinical practice. We are “doomed” to a changing
history. Our “third complemental series” will be our practice, which will
inevitably include our theoretical framework. Yet if we are honest with our-
selves, and if we survive and are daring enough, we will discover new paths.
The general context in which we are immersed affects our perception of
our professional world, and the personal theories we develop must become
our slaves, not our masters, paraphrasing Guntrip (1971). While my inten-
tion is to make of this book a guiding text rather than a treatise, I am con-
tent with expressing my (perhaps too personal) opinions with the hope that
they will represent the views of many colleagues who share this perspective.
My goal is to transmit, in a somewhat organized way, the ideas I discuss in
4 Introduction: My personal context
the courses and seminars I teach. These ideas reflect the path I have trav-
elled, and with them I aim to help those who are starting or who have al-
ready embarked on their professional journey.
I attempted these reflections some decades after graduating from Buenos
Aires University’s Medical School and starting my training as a psychia-
trist at a high-complexity general hospital. There, residents tried to take
advantage of the various resources at our disposal: individual, group, and
family psychotherapy; mass meetings with patients in “assemblies,” as we
called them; occupational therapy; workshops; and so on. These were the
initial years of our psychiatric and psychotherapeutic practice. We engaged
in endless discussions in order to reach our goal, to improve patients’ mental
health, although some of us were beginning to aim toward the “pure psy-
choanalytic cure” (a colleague of the incipient Lacanian school accused us
of being mentalthealthists!). When the military coup took place in 1976, an
open wound was inflicted – our psychiatry ward was gradually dismantled,
and the community healthcare approach, which was our major goal, elim-
inated. The group lost its richness and heterogeneity, as well as its connec-
tion with the community.
Intersubjetivists rightly argue that we cannot overlook the context in which
authors formulate their hypotheses. Knowing their context and biographi-
cal information helps generate empathy toward these authors. Everything is
eventually present in the stories we tell. As Borges (1977, p. 21) puts it, “My
story will be true to reality or, in any case, to my personal memory of real-
ity, which amounts to the same thing.” I will tell you a bit about my history,
about my origins. Like everyone else, I have many origins and various myths
about them. When viewed from different contexts and vital moments, these
stories change me, sometimes despite myself. Our experiences, which, I am
well aware, do not accumulate by apposition, give rise to new perspectives,
to unprecedented ways of seeing that force us to make our constructions
more complex. Historicizing also involves demystifying, denaturalizing our
belief that events occur in a reassuring straight line, like a plateau. As José
Bleger taught the residents in psychiatry at the Aráoz Alfaro hospital, there
is no “natural history.”
The current product, the person I am and the person I recognize in myself, is
a combination of three inextricably linked landscapes, namely, Rosario, Lanús,
and Buenos Aires. I was delivered professionally in Lanus, at the Aráoz Alfaro
Hospital, but I grew up in Buenos Aires, at the Buenos Aires Psychoanalytic
Association (APdeBA). Conception occurred in Rosario or, to be precise, a few
kilometres from there, in Pérez, a small town where my father had built a modest
weekend home in a “community” lot where five of his siblings and siblings-in-
law had also built houses. We spent three or four months a year there, and what
with siblings, uncles, and cousins, we were more than 30. This environment,
which served as a context not only for loves, passions, and rivalries but also
for wants, taught me about survival. And it had to be there, in that “breeding
ground,” where my psychoanalytic vocation emerged. Later, The Interpretation
 Introduction: My personal context 5
of Dreams, Jokes…, and the first medical histories came my way. At 14, these
readings mingled with The Art of Loving, Sandokan, Heart, Listen Yankee: The
Revolution in Cuba, and The Old Testament.
In the professional field, my most significant place of origin was “el
Lanus,” the Aráoz Alfaro Hospital (today, the Evita Hospital), a melting
pot for ideas and therapeutic models that is still alive in me today, recreat-
ing itself in my memory as a possible ideal and hopeful guide rather than
as a utopia. The very different leaderships of Mauricio Goldenberg3 and
(especially for me) of Valentín Barenblit created a facilitating context that,
as a framework, allowed us to develop unique psychotherapeutic practices
that summarized and integrated the most diverse aetiological aspects of
pathologies in the manner of complemental series. Considering the complex
situations of the patients we saw at the Psychiatric Ward, it was impossible
not to take into account the manifold aspects involved in mental pathology.
Consultations always included all the ingredients making up the mosaic of
factors causing illness, causes that we schematically defined as biological,
psychological, and social.
This way of looking at mental illness, taking into consideration its causal
complexity, resulted in endless arguments among residents about what pa-
thology, or what aspect of each pathology, corresponded to each of these
three areas. How could we avoid reducing aetiology to what appeared to us
as a single factor? If the illness had social causes, what role could or should
we play as psychotherapists? If we tackled pathologies that had a clear social
origin by supporting patients with psychotherapy and medication, weren’t
we preventing them from dealing with the problem that had originated the
illness? If we were striving for consistency, shouldn’t we operate on all the
factors that had contributed to the pathology and expand our scope of in-
tervention by devoting more time to social action and less to psychotherapy?
Wouldn’t it mean falling into a blinding trap if we concerned ourselves with
the social aspects of an illness while conducting a psychotherapy, instead
of focusing on the individual, or if we saw the hospital as an illusory shelter
from what was taking place outside its walls?
Several generations of residents were forged in the clamour of these argu-
ments, and we gradually understood that our patients presented with sets of
symptoms that could not be easily typified. Only by forcing a classification
could we claim that there were no inextricable aetiological combinations.
These experiences were probably the ones that most influenced me. During my
medical residency, I came into contact with Bleger, Pichon-Rivière, Liberman,
Zac, and R. Paz, and also during this period, I had the pleasure of consulting
on a daily basis with senior colleagues, professionals/examples who were com-
mitted to their work and their questions, such as Ricón, Fiorini, Fernández
Moujan, H. Bleichmar, Sluzki, Bucahi, Kuten, and Siculer.
In the next stage in my career, at the hospital’s Centre for Alcoholism
(along with Ferralli and Verruno), I was faced with grimmer pathology. A
few years later, after the disappearance of our dear colleague Marta Brea
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
self-respect which is not always kept inviolable by the compiler of
these memories.”

+ − Review 3:321 O 13 ’20 220w

KIMBALL, EVERETT. National government of

the United States. *$3.60 (1½c) Ginn 342.7
20–5064

The book partakes of the twofold character of a textbook in which

institutions are described and analyzed and of a source book in
which appear the actual words used by the court in expounding or
limiting the powers of government. As a textbook it shows the
historical origins and the development of our national political
institutions and the actual workings of government. As a source book
it is mindful of the fact that the constitution is the supreme law of the
land and that the interpretations of the Supreme court are, until
altered, authoritative. For this latter purpose the opinions of the
Supreme court are freely quoted, showing the process of arriving at
conclusions or the reasons for dissent. A partial list of the contents
is: Constitutional background; The evolution of the constitution;
Political issues and party history; Party organizations; The election of
the president; The powers of the president; The organization and
functions of the executive departments; Congress at work; The
judicial system of the United States; The war powers of Congress;
Finance; Foreign affairs. The appendix contains the constitution of
the United States and there is an index.

“A book which has not been surpassed in the presentation of the

fundamental facts concerning the government of the United States.
The student who masters its contents will have acquired a grip upon
the essential principles of our national political system which will
give him a firm foundation for subsequent political thought and
action.” Ralston Hayden

+ Am Pol Sci R 14:722 N ’20 880w

+ Ath p493 Ap 9 ’20 130w
Booklist 17:54 N ’20

“Limiting himself strictly to the national government, Dr Kimball

has been able to maintain a better balance, to exercise a keener
discrimination between important and unimportant matters, than
would perhaps have been possible had he tried to cover more
ground. There is no new interpretation of our national system, but
there is compensation for this lack in the scientific tone and the
uniformly high level of the treatment.” W: Anderson

+ − Mississippi Valley Hist R 7:154 S ’20

620w

“He displays a due sense of proportion, states his views soberly,

discusses concrete problems, not theories, and writes with a
reasonable degree of readability.”

+ Review 3:655 D 29 ’20 380w

+ R of Rs 61:560 My ’20 150w
Springf’d Republican p10 Ap 24 ’20
100w
 “This book is not as technical as many texts on political science.
Professor Kimball comes right down to earth with illustrations that
even a layman without any training in political science can
understand.” J: E: Oster

+ Survey 45:104 O 16 ’20 320w

KING, BASIL. Thread of flame. il *$2 (2c)

Harper
20–14599

A story of lost identity through shell shock. The only memory left
was of former personal habits which pointed to easy circumstances
and a snobbish attitude towards the common people. Hiding his
plight from those about him, and driven by want, he learns to earn
his bread by the sweat of his brow and gradually achieves the
workingman’s point of view. When memory returns in a flash he
knows himself as a member of Boston’s moneyed élite and the
husband of a brilliant woman. Returning to the old life he realizes its
shallowness and unreality and sees our whole social structure as a
house tottering into ruin. Even love is gone. He can no longer live the
life and willingly renounces it, returning to his lowly occupation and
associates in New York. Here too his new status has now changed
everything and he is in danger of going shipwreck between two
worlds when some of the friends found in adversity make it clear to
him that not by struggling against the current, but by wishing and
waiting in serenity the right way will open up to him.

“Though not profound, a well-managed, interesting story.”

+ − Booklist 17:117 D ’20

 “Mr King’s style is a delight and his narrative related with spirit;
only his dénouement of a reconciliation with a colorless wife seems
to be an error.”

+ − Bookm 52:273 N ’20 170w

“The first part of the story many an experienced novelist might

have written, but the second part is especially characteristic of Mr
King, and it is in the second part that most of us will find our deeper
pleasure. It is here also that he unfolds that philosophy of life which
we feel is so important a part of his work.” D. L. M.

+ Boston Transcript p8 S 15 ’20 800w

+ Cath World 112:406 D ’20 320w

“This psychological problem of lost memory the author treats with

much skill, bringing out its ever-present pathos and throwing on it
now and then the high light of some spiritually dramatic situation,
but dealing with it always with admirable reserve and with a
distinction of manner that will make the novel doubly welcome to the
mentally fastidious reader.”

+ N Y Times p26 Ag 22 ’20 900w

“The early stages of the story are deeply absorbing, but the fact
should not be overlooked that Mr King is all the while working up to
the development of his idea that service to the unfortunate should be
the highest mission of the fortunate. If this is accepted by readers,
the high merits of the narrative will be best appreciated.”

+ Springf’d Republican p9a O 17 ’20 550w

 + The Times [London] Lit Sup p781 N 25
’20 120w
Wis Lib Bul 16:194 N ’20 180w

KINGZETT, CHARLES THOMAS. Popular

chemical dictionary. *$4 Van Nostrand 540.3
(Eng ed 20–10609)

A work in which the author has attempted “to give in one volume,
in compendious form, and in simple language, descriptions of the
subjects of chemistry—its laws and processes, the chemical elements,
the more important inorganic and organic compounds and their
preparation or manufacture and applications, together with
illustrated descriptions of chemical apparatus.” (Preface) The author
has written “Chemistry for beginners and school use,” “Animal
chemistry,” and other works.

“The work, so far as it goes, is very complete. For purposes of strict

reference this volume is far too ‘popular.’” G. M.

+ − Nature 105:228 Ap 22 ’20 190w

“In spite of its limitations, a handy reference book.”

+ − N Y P L New Tech Bks p25 Ap ’20 20w

 KIP, ABRAHAM LINCOLN. Poems. *$1.50
Putnam 811
20–10006

Although religion and philosophy and life in its various moods and
aspects inspire many of these poems such as The higher life,
Eternity, Swedenborg, Sadness, A love lyric, Joy, Life’s triumph,
most of them are out-of-door and nature pieces and offer a long list
of flowers and birds in sonnet and short lyric form.

“Mr Kip treads a little heavier in the fields and woodlands after the
fancies of birds and flowers than does Mr John Russel McCarthy, but
his haunts are more extended and his intimacies are more
numerous.” W. S. B.

+ − Boston Transcript p6 Jl 17 ’20 340w

KIPLING, RUDYARD. Letters of travel. *$1.75

(2c) Doubleday 910
20–9990

In this volume are brought together sketches of travel written

between 1892 and 1913. They follow the letters written between 1887
and 1889 published in “From sea to sea.” The new volume is
composed of three sections. The first, “From tideway to tideway,”
opens with a New England sketch, In sight of Monadnock, and
contains other papers written in the United States, in Canada and the
East. Letters to the family, dated 1907, is a series of letters from
Canada. Egypt of the magicians, the third section, is a series of seven
sketches written in 1913.
 “All notebook literature produces the same effect of fatigue and
obstacle, as if there dropped across the path of the mind some block
of alien matter which must be removed or assimilated before one can
go on with the true process of reading. The more vivid the note the
greater the obstruction.” V. W.

− + Ath p75 Jl 16 ’20 1200w

+ Booklist 16:342 Jl ’20

“For a writer who has been in so many far-separated parts of the

world, and who is himself more or less of a cosmopolite, Kipling
develops a curious air of foreign complacency and self-satisfaction in
his description of places and people strange to his eyes and mind.”

+ − Boston Transcript p8 Je 5 ’20 1350w

“Those written in 1913 reveal the same brisk and cocky

adolescence as the group clattered off on the typewriter twenty-five
years ago in America. These American records are precisely in the
vein of ‘From sea to sea’; they suggest, in their peculiar
preoccupation with the outsides of things, a somewhat rudimentary
intellect and a highly over-stimulated nervous system.”

− Freeman 1:429 Jl 14 ’20 550w

“The pictures of Japan are full of color; the pictures of Egypt are
full of age and mystery; the pictures of Canada are full of strength
and freshness, but the very best of all is the winter scene ‘In sight of
Monadnock.’”
 + Ind 103:318 S 11 ’20 400w
New Repub 23:155 Je 30 ’20 1050w

“What is not a little curious is that the letters of 1892 are as brisk
and as brilliant, as firmly planned and as effectively phrased as the
letters of 1913, written more than a score of years later. In all these
letters there is the same keen appreciation of nature and the same
contagious interest in human nature. If he lacks understanding
anywhere in his voyaging, if he is to a certain extent unsympathetic,
not to go so far as to hint that he is intolerant, it is in the United
States and more particularly in New York.” Brander Matthews

+ − N Y Times 25:291 Je 6 ’20 1300w

“Mr Kipling is here, as always, the courier of empire.... He never

filches a quarter-hour from his responsibilities. To nurse a pleasant
thought, to dally with it, to make it a companion and a playfellow,
these are levities for the uncommitted or uncommissioned man. He
is humorous with despatch, he is even pathetic with expedition.”

+ − Review 3:151 Ag 18 ’20 1200w

“In his description readers will find that beauty of language and
those inimitable touches of humor that are Kipling’s own.” G. C.

+ St Louis 18:231 S ’20 60w

“As always in work of this kind by Mr Kipling, what holds us most

is his power of interpretation. He is essentially the man who makes
us see things and understand things.”
 + Spec 124:828 Je 19 ’20 1500w

“Where Mr Kipling allows his vigorous mind to absorb the surface

aspects of a scene, he is at his best, for then the artist in him is
congenially employed. In interpretation he is often amiss, as well as
inevitably out of date.”

+ Springf’d Republican p11a Je 20 ’20

1800w

“His patriotism, which in other works has enriched the language

with poems and sketches of character, tender and valiant, is apt in
this book to take, not a positive, but a negative form. It is his
patriotism, his love for England—a love intensified and made jealous
by a recognition of all she lost when her American colonies seceded—
that leads him to denounce New York as ‘the shiftless outcome of
squalid barbarism and reckless extravagance.’... But how persuasive
he can be when he is not—if we may say it without offence—cross!”

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p365 Je 10

’20 1850w
Wis Lib Bul 16:236 D ’20 120w

KIRBY, ELIZABETH. Adorable dreamer. *$1.90

(3c) Doran
20–15953
 Penelope Grey’s ardent young soul went out in quest of happiness.
First she tried fame and wrote a naughty book which brought her
ephemeral prominence and surrounded her with other literary
aspirants and poseurs. She soon tired of the show and knew that in
reality she wanted to be loved. Her lover however, fearful of chaining
her genius, held her at arms length whilst he encouraged her to
further production. Then she tried causes and found them all empty.
She dallied with other loves up to the danger mark but finds her fairy
prince at last.

“The little tale has some pathetic and some whimsical bits, and
Penelope herself, though a trifle absurd at times, is a quaint and
appealing heroine, while the author’s style is agreeable.”

+ N Y Times p26 S 12 ’20 240w

“Often lately we have had ‘the new woman’ with her affectations
and extravagances presented caustically and with insight; Miss Kirby
presents her with no less insight, but with a sympathy which she
compels the reader to share.”

+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p440 Jl 8

’20 460w

[2]
KIRKALDY, ADAM WILLIS. Wealth: its
production and distribution. *$2.25 Dutton 330

“A large part of the volume is taken up with discussions of land,

labor and capital as factors in production. In his general editor’s
preface, G. Armitage Smith says: ‘This book is designed to explain in
a lucid and popular manner the fundamental facts in the production
of wealth and the causes which regulate its distribution. It gives an
analysis of the functions of nature, of man and of capital in the
production of wealth; and it traces the conditions upon which the
economic progress of mankind depends.’”—Springf’d Republican

Springf’d Republican p8 Ja 8 ’21 100w

The Times [London] Lit Sup p621 S 23
’20 70w

KIRKLAND, WINIFRED MARGARETTA.

View vertical, and other essays. *$2 (3½c) Houghton
814
20–17902

Life and books form the background of these essays. In the initial
essay the author compares our prevailing post-war frame of mind to
a universal neurasthenia and insomnia, and discourses amusingly on
the mental obscurity of the insomniac and the worthlessness of his
conclusions. She pleads for the vertical position with “feet to the
sturdy green earth, head to the jocund sun,” as the best antidote for
the still lingering nightmares of the war. Whimsical humor is the
keynote to all the essays whether treating of facts of everyday life or
literary subjects. Some of the titles are: The friends of our friends; On
being and letting alone; The perils of telepathy; In defense of worry;
Family phrases; The story in the making: Faces in fiction; Robinson
Crusoe re-read; Americanization and Walt Whitman; Gift-books and
book-gifts.
 “Piquant essays happily turned and worded.”

+ Booklist 17:146 Ja ’21

“I have noted with pleasure the rightness of ‘Faces in fiction’: the

particular thing has never, so far as I know, been said so clearly and
directly. But my delight is in ‘Hold Izzy,’ which suits me as catnip
suits a cat.”

+ Bookm 52:266 N ’20 130w

“Given ‘a shady nook’ and Miss Kirkland’s book of charmingly

written essays one is sure of being delightfully entertained and at the
same time given a good-humored push into the realm of thought.”

+ Boston Transcript p4 Ja 19 ’21 180w

“Miss Kirkland displays grace and facility, together with a keen

perception of just what her own position ought to be.”

+ Freeman 2:260 N 24 ’20 370w

“She writes with greater ease than authority. She would be more
impressive if she were more eclectic. Miss Kirkland writes with
humor and common sense, and has the knack of every once in a
while throwing off a happy epigram that challenges the attention.”

+ − N Y Evening Post p18 O 23 ’20 200w

Wis Lib Bul 16:235 D ’20 70w
 KIRKPATRICK, EDWIN ASBURY.
Imagination and its place in education. $1.48 Ginn
370.15
20–8868

“In keeping with the most recent aim and interest of educational
psychology, this new book seeks both to describe the part the
imaginative processes play in the common experiences and the
normal development of the child and to show the peculiar relation of
this intellectual process to his interest and achievement in the
different school subjects. The book is divided into three parts. In Part
1, ‘Imagination and related activities,’ the author defines the
imagination and explains its relation to the other mental processes.
Part 2, ‘The imaginative life of children,’ includes six chapters
describing the content and conduct of the imagination at different
stages in the child’s development, variations in the vividness, quality
and tendencies of the imaginative processes in different individuals,
its stimulating influence to good or evil habits of thought and action.
Part 3, under the heading ‘School subjects and the imagination,’
begins with a consideration of the possibilities of training the
imagination from the point of view of disciplining, stimulating, and
directing the imaginative processes, including a brief description of
the mental conditions facilitating such training. Then follow chapters
explaining the imaginative processes involved in learning to read,
spell, and draw, in the study of arithmetic, geography, history, and
literature, nature-study, and science.”—School R

“The treatment is characterized by a clearness of presentation

which is quite at variance with the confused manner in which the
subject of imagination is frequently discussed. The book should be of
interest to all students of educational psychology.”
 + El School J 21:153 O ’20 290w

“The book is readable and straightforward, and is one that a

student ought to grasp without much supplementary explanation.
Some of the exercises at the end of the chapters, however, seem too
large to be handled by the type of student for whom the text is
designed.” K. Gordon

+ − J Philos 18:54 Ja ’21 150w

+ School R 28:638 O ’20 420w

KLAPPER, PAUL, ed. College teaching; studies

in methods of teaching in the college. *$4.50 World
bk. 371.3
20–5826

A volume to which various specialists contribute. As Dr Klapper

points out in his preface, the field is almost virgin. “The literature on
college education in general and college pedagogy in particular is
surprisingly undeveloped.” Dr Nicholas Murray Butler writes an
introduction. The book is in six parts. Part 1 consists of three papers:
History and present tendencies of the American college, by S. P.
Duggan; Professional training for college teaching, by Sidney E.
Mezes; General principles of college teaching, by Paul Klapper. Part 2
covers the sciences, with contributions by T. W. Galloway, Louis
Kahlenberg, Harvey B. Lemon, and others. Part 3 is devoted to the
social sciences, including economics, sociology, history, political
science, philosophy, ethics, psychology and education. Part 4 is
devoted to languages and literature; part 5 to the arts; and part 6 to
Vocational subjects, the latter embracing engineering, mechanical
drawing, journalism, and business education. Bibliographies
accompany a number of the papers and there is an index.

+ Booklist 16:330 Jl ’20

“Inasmuch as all of the contributors were selected because of their

scholarship, their interest in the teaching phase of the subject, and
their reputation in the academic world, what they have to say on the
teaching of their special subjects should be of great value to actual
and prospective college teachers.”

+ School R 28:551 S ’20 290w

KLEIN, DARYL. With the Chinks. (On active

service ser.) il *$1.50 (3c) Lane 940.48
20–6740

The book contains the diary of a second lieutenant in the Chinese

labor corps, while engaged in training a company of 490 coolies in
China and taking them on a long journey by way of Canada and
Panama to France to be used as laborers behind the lines. In
describing the journey the author gives his observations of the
mental shock and change of life and vision that the coolie is
subjected to in changing from the East to the West. He also describes
the coolie as a simple, jolly fellow, worthy of trust and of an
affectionate character. The book is illustrated.
 “The book is competently written, and is agreeably unusual
amongst the crop of war books.”

+ Ath p1387 D 19 ’19 60w

+ Booklist 16:340 Jl ’20

“He understands things Chinese. He has sympathy in telling of

these ‘Shantung farmers.’ It is an attitude such as Mr Klein’s,
penetrating, free from either sentimentalism or maudlin chatter,
about the yellow peril, which ought to enable Americans to adjust
their commercial relations to China with a higher sense of business
integrity. The title of the book is distinctly unworthy of its subject
matter.”

+ Boston Transcript p6 Jl 14 ’20 150w

“What we like about this little book is its genuine and genial
humanity.”

+ Sat R 129:39 Ja 10 ’20 280w

“Mr Klein’s daily life with his coolies and with his colleagues is
given with an intimate vivacity which makes it very real.”

+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p770 D 18

’19 160w

KLEIN, HERMAN. Reign of Patti. il *$5 Century

20–17976
 Mme Patti never realized her intention of writing an
autobiography for which she had designated the author of the
present volume as her collaborator. The request however gives
authority to this biography for which the author has collected
material from the zenith of Patti’s career to the close. The book
contains numerous portraits of the singer taken at various ages and
in many rôles; appendices and an index.

+ Booklist 17:113 D ’20

Reviewed by H: T. Finck

Bookm 52:166 O ’20 1250w

“Very suggestive, at times somewhat irritating, but always full of

interest. Mr Klein is not a literary man, he is a chronicler; his book
will remain as the one accurate record of the career of a diva who, in
her special line, has as yet no rival.” M. F. Egan

+ − N Y Times p4 O 17 ’20 2450w

R of Rs 62:447 O ’20 190w
The Times [London] Lit Sup p773 N 25
’20 1300w

KLEISER, GRENVILLE. Pocket guides to public

speaking. 10v ea *$1 Funk 808.5
 Mr Kleiser, formerly instructor in public speaking at Yale divinity
school and author of a number of works bearing on the subject, has
prepared the ten small volumes that compose this series. The titles
are: How to speak without notes (20–7372); Something to say: how
to say it (20–7370); Successful methods of public speaking (20–
7371); Model speeches for practise (20–7369); The training of a
public speaker (20–7373); How to sell through speech (20–7300);
Impromptu speeches: how to make them (20–7375); Word-power:
how to develop it (20–7374); Christ: the master speaker (20–7277);
Vital English for speakers and writers (20–7283).

“In these days when the tendency is so strong towards degeneracy

in the use of the English language it would be difficult to exaggerate
the value of such a contribution as Professor Kleiser has made in
these volumes towards the use of proper forms and pure language in
ordinary speaking as well as writing. They are of almost equal value
to the clergyman, lawyer, publicist, salesman and letter-writer.” H.
H. F.

+ Boston Transcript p9 Ap 17 ’20 550w

“In this case the whole is actually less than one of the parts, for in
volume 1 Mr Kleiser gives a chapter of Quintilian that is worth
appreciably more than all of Mr Kleiser. His additions to it subtract
from it by hiding it from the casual gaze.”

− + Nation 110:560 Ap 24 ’20 220w

“The suggestions are sensible, sound, comprehensive, and written

in terse and understandable language. Many practiced speakers
could improve their style by following them.”
 + Outlook 124:563 Mr 31 ’20 80w
+ Springf’d Republican p11a May 30 ’20
150w

KLICKMANN, FLORA (MRS E.

HENDERSON-SMITH). Lure of the pen. *$2.50
(4c) Putnam 808
20–6889

In her preface to the American edition of this “Book for would-be

authors” the author says, “No one can teach authors how or what to
write; but sometimes it is possible to help the beginners to an
understanding of what it is better not to write.” She tells these
beginners why they fail, emphasizes the need of training, tells them
three essentials in training and how to acquire them. She also tells
them how to give themselves a course in observation and how to
assess spiritual values. The contents are in five parts: The mss. that
fail; On keeping your eyes open; The help that books can give; Points
a writer ought to note; Author, publisher, and public.

“The author gives much good advice (a great deal of it very

elementary) to literary aspirants.”

+ − Ath p445 Je 6 ’19 120w

“Practical in many respects, the book is of little use in teaching the

‘would-be author’ how to become an artist. Miss Klickmann’s
instruction is from an editorial standpoint, not from the artist’s, and
as such her volume has its value for the novice who knows no better
than to believe that literary greatness and fame come with a
successful appearance in the magazines.”

+ − Boston Transcript p10 Ap 17 ’20 550w

+ Ind 104:247 N 13 ’20 20w

“Her book is remarkably well done, and may very well help some
real talent on its way; and, apart from that, it is written in so lively a
style, so full of piquant anecdote and illustration, that it is a pity that
the more sophisticated reader, who would really much more enjoy it
than the ‘would-be’ author for whom it is written, is not likely to
encounter it.” R: Le Gallienne

+ N Y Times 25:8 Je 27 ’20 900w

“Miss Klickmann’s work is adapted not only to people without

knowledge but to people without brains. There is an iteration of the
familiar, an elaboration of the simple, an elucidation of the clear.”

− Review 2:400 Ap 17 ’20 650w

“It might be said that if a young writer fails to profit by this

inspirational book he had better leave off his attempts to write.”

+ R of Rs 62:224 Ag ’20 100w

“The substance of the teaching is helpful, and the manner

encouraging without being effusive.”
 + Spec 122:737 Je 7 ’19 300w

“On the professional side, her suggestions are of great practical

value. If any adverse criticism can be made, it is that she does not
classify thoroughly her comment on the various types of material
discussed. Miss Klickmann’s advice is not effusively or obscurely
pedantic. It is all breezy and to the point.”

+ − Springf’d Republican p6 Ap 12 ’20 800w

“She wields herself a very bright and ready pen, and out of the
abundance of her experience she gives in a flow of headed
paragraphs helpful advice on every side of the subject.”

+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p314 Je 5

’19 100w

KLUCK, ALEXANDER VON. March on Paris

and the battle of the Marne, 1914. il *$3.50
Longmans 940.4
(Eng ed 20–10378)

“Alexander von Kluck, generaloberst, has written a book about his

Belgian and French adventure. It was completed in February, 1918,
on the eve of the great German offensive in Picardy. It is the personal
observations, impressions and opinions of a commanding general
who reviews his own actions in the quietude of his study and
illustrates them with the orders issued to him and by him, but with
very little information beyond the manoeuvres of his own army in the
field and almost none of the enemy. Evidently the sub-title to the
book, ‘The battle of the Marne,’ is a characterization of the British
editors, for the author calls it ‘The battle on the Ourcq’ and devotes
the last third of the book to it. Still, if the British editors have given
the book a title which shall more pointedly appeal to readers of
English, they have also furnished the book with something far more
important: Footnotes by the experts of the Committee of imperial
defense. These notes check up von Kluck’s data, correct his errors,
and often qualify his conclusions.”—N Y Times

“His book lacks the attractive personality and humor of

Ludendorff’s, the intimate observations of von Hindenburg’s. There
is nothing picturesque about it. All the same, as has been said, the
military historian will find therein a mine of academic information
which he cannot afford to leave unexplored.” Walter Littlefield

+ − N Y Times 25:19 Jl 25 ’20 2650w

Sat R 130:12 Jl 3 ’20 1150w

“A valuable contribution to military history.”

+ Spec 124:729 My 29 ’20 430w

KNAPPEN, THEODORE MACFARLANE.

Wings of war; with an introd. by D. W. Taylor. il
*$2.50 Putnam 940.44
20–15470
 “This book describes in detail the contribution made by the United
States to aircraft invention, engineering and production during the
world war. Five of the most important chapters are devoted to the
origin, development and production of the famous Liberty engine.
Mr Knappen is among those who believe that in spite of all the
revelation of Congressional investigations made during the past two
years the aircraft achievements of our government, considering our
unpreparedness at the outset, were highly creditable.”—R of Rs

Outlook 126:202 S 29 ’20 60w

R of Rs 62:445 O ’20 110w

KNIBBS, HENRY HERBERT. Songs of the

trail. il *$1.50 Houghton 811
20–19670

Poems of the far West and the cattle trails. Among the titles are: I
have builded me a home; The pack train; The hour beyond the hour;
The sun-worshipers; Gods of the red men; Arizona; Trail song;
Waring of Sonora-Town; The long road West; Old San Antone.

+ Booklist 17:146 Ja ’21

“This is the West, seen first hand but seen through the perspective
of Mr Knibbs’ Harvard training. One may suspect that these
westerners are a bit more intellectual than the average cowpuncher,
but the poems perhaps are the more readable for it.” C. F. G.

+ Grinnell R 16:332 Ja ’21 290w

“Good, honest work of its kind, with occasional beauty and much
narrative interest. ‘The wind’ is a strong and individual poem,
especially fine in atmosphere and imagery. Mr Knibbs is far more of
a poet than the much advertised Robert W. Service.”

+ N Y Evening Post p17 N 13 ’20 150w

KNIPE, EMILIE (BENSON) (MRS ALDEN

ARTHUR KNIPE), and KNIPE, ALDEN
ARTHUR. Mayflower maid. il *$1.90 (3c) Century
20–16501

A story of the coming of the Pilgrims. Barbara Gorges is a timid

motherless girl who starts out with her father from Leyden in the
Speedwell. When the Speedwell and the Mayflower are obliged to run
in to Plymouth, Barbara’s father becomes the victim of a fatal
accident and she is left an orphan. Fortunately for her, she is taken
under the protection of Myles Standish and his wife Rose. The story
then follows closely the historical narrative, and describes the trip
across the Atlantic, the landing at Plymouth, the first hard winter,
the death of Rose Standish, the relations with the Indians, the love
story of John Alden and Priscilla Mullens, and finally that of Myles
Standish and Barbara herself.
 “More interesting than Taggart’s ‘Pilgrim maid,’ gives a good
picture of life in the colony.”

+ Booklist 17:78 N ’20

KNOWLES, MORRIS. Industrial housing. *$5

McGraw 331.83
20–16847

“Morris Knowles, an engineer of vast experience and the chief

engineer of the housing division of the United States Shipping board,
understanding the need of the interdependence of engineer,
architect, town planner, landscape gardener, sanitarian, utility
designer, contractor, real estate agent and the public spirited
business man and city official in the development of a successful city
plan and in the solution of the housing problem, has written the
book, ‘Industrial housing.’ Housing is taken in its broadest meaning,
with all its relations to other problems. The town plan, streets and
pavements, water supply, sewerage, waste disposal and public
utilities are some of the specifically municipal problems treated in
this work. Illustrations and charts, a good bibliography and an
analytical index complete its usefulness.”—N Y P L Munic Ref Lib
Notes

“Comprehensive and readable presentation of the subject of

industrial housing.”

N Y P L Munic Ref Lib Notes 7:55 N 17

’20 150w
 “The book is a store of invaluable information.”

+ − Survey 45:258 N 13 ’20 1000w

KOBRIN, LEON. Lithuanian village; auth. tr.

from the Yiddish by I: Goldberg. *$1.75 Brentano’s
20–6127

“In a series of sharp vignettes the book presents to us an

environment almost extinct today—the environment of a drab little
village in the pale. In restrained and simple language a restrained
and simple folk is depicted dragging its weary body and soul through
the whole cycle of the monotonous year. You read how those Jews
half strangle each other in their efforts to earn a kopeck or two; you
hear those bitter wives curse at their stalls, and see those stunted
husbands pore over their holy books; you feel the grimy superstition
that clogs the daily life of those villagers, know the smallness of their
horizon and the narrowness of their vision—and you love them
nevertheless. And somehow you are impressed that the hegira of
their offspring to the land where ‘Jews can be policemen,’ was a far
from woeful event in the history of the soul of the new world.”—New
Repub

+ Booklist 17:34 O ’20

“The whole work is frankly realistic, softening no oaths and

tempering no vices. Yet withal, it is a refreshing bit of reading, for
despite the bitterness and ugliness floating like scum on the waters of
that ghetto life, one never quite loses consciousness of the great deep
cleanness beneath it all. In that Kobrin proves himself a master: his
realism is suggestive and translucent, not blunt and opaque.” L:
Brown

+ New Repub 24:25 S 1 ’20 920w

“Leon Kobrin has lived the life he writes about. His bitter realism
is no creation of fancy; the atmospherical color is without blemish.”
Alvin Winston

+ N Y Call p11 Ap 25 ’20 420w

“Once in a while, a race produces an author capable of presenting

its message in language of so great simplicity and force that his
writings can be appreciated anywhere in an adequate translation.
The Jewish race possesses such a writer in Leon Kobrin.”

+ Springf’d Republican p10 My 7 ’20

240w

KOEBEL, WILLIAM HENRY. Great south

land. *$4.50 (5c) Dodd 918
A20–884

The book treats of the republics of Rio de la Plata, and southern

Brazil of today. These countries the author, in his introduction
compares to the ugly duckling which turned out a swan. Already
before the war they had steadily risen in importance and “there is no
doubt that the shifting sands of international politics and the racing
centres of power have left these South American states in an
economic position stronger than any which they have previously
enjoyed.” Part 1 contains: Buenos Aires of yesterday and today; The
Argentine capital in war time; Cosmopolitan influences; Some
topical episodes; The work of the British in Argentina; Argentina’s
political prospects; Internal and external affairs; Rio and its
surroundings; British and Americans in South America; The press of
the eastern republics. Part 2 is devoted to the industrial points of the
various states and there is an index.

“A map would have been helpful to the reader.”

+ − Ath p1170 N 7 ’19 50w

Booklist 16:342 Jl ’20

“Mr Koebel is essentially a writer sympathetic to the lands of

which he writes. What his book loses in depth it gains by virtue of
this sympathy, by its author’s earnest desire to see things from the
South American angle, without in the least abandoning the attitude
of a man alive to the defects of those whom he is describing. It is a
stimulating work by a sane and just writer.”

+ N Y Times 25:223 My 2 ’20 1300w

“Mr W. H. Koebel’s last addition to the, by now, rather lengthy

series of books which he has written on Spanish-America, is
disappointing.... He obviously knows as well as anybody that the
problems are there and call for answer. But he does little more than
indicate their presence, and then wander in generalities and
descriptions, not without occasional repetitions.”
 − + The Times [London] Lit Sup p640 N 13
’19 850w

KOONS, FRANK THOMAS. Outdoor sleeper.

*$1 (6c) Norman, Remington co. 613.79
20–13861

A little book inspired by the sleeping porch. The author writes of

outdoor sleeping as a source of health and pleasure. There are
chapters on: The first night; Outdoor toggery; The birds; The
romping children of the night; The chastened hours of the morn; The
trees; Summer; Winter; The stars; Health and happiness. A star map
serves as frontispiece. The book was first copyrighted by the Journal
of the Outdoor Life.

KOOS, LEONARD VINCENT. Junior high

school. *$1.36 Harcourt 373
 20–10298

The author calls attention to the great dissimilarity that still

prevails in the junior high school movement in every aspect of
organization and function. He holds that the experimental stages of
the movement should now be reviewed and stock be taken of the
current opinions and practices, with a view towards clarifying
thought as to its peculiar educational purposes. With an introduction
by Henry Suzzallo the contents are: The movement for
reorganization; The peculiar functions of the junior high school; The
test of the organization; The program of studies; Other features of
reorganization; The standard junior high school; Tables and graphs.

“In six chapters Professor Koos has presented an analysis which

goes to the heart of the junior high school movement. The book is a
striking example of what can be done by way of giving information
without becoming drearily encyclopedic.”

+ El School J 21:71 S ’20 1000w

KOSSOVO; heroic songs of the Serbs. *$1.25

Houghton 891.8
20–10292

These ballads, translated by Miss Helen Rootham and printed with

the original on alternate pages, come with an introduction by
Maurice Baring and an historical preface by Janko Lavrin. Mr Baring
says of them that their colors are primitive like those of the primitive
painters, their similes are taken from a first-hand communion with
the sights and facts of nature and their emotions are the primitive