Table Z: Areas under the standard normal curve (negative Z)

Second decimal place in z

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.02

0.01
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002

0.00
* 0.0000
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002
0.0002

z
-3.9
-3.8
-3.7
-3.6
-3.5

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
0.0002

0.0002
0.0003
0.0005
0.0007
0.0010

0.0003
0.0004
0.0005
0.0007
0.0010

0.0003
0.0004
0.0005
0.0008
0.0011

0.0003
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.0011

0.0003
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.0011

0.0003
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.0012

0.0003
0.0004
0.0006
0.0009
0.0012

0.0003
0.0005
0.0006
0.0009
0.0013

0.0003
0.0005
0.0007
0.0009
0.0013

0.0003
0.0005
0.0007
0.0010
0.0013

-3.4
-3.3
-3.2
-3.1
-3.0

0.0014
0.0019
0.0026
0.0036
0.0048

0.0014
0.0020
0.0027
0.0037
0.0049

0.0015
0.0021
0.0028
0.0038
0.0051

0.0015
0.0021
0.0029
0.0039
0.0052

0.0016
0.0022
0.0030
0.0040
0.0054

0.0016
0.0023
0.0031
0.0041
0.0055

0.0017
0.0023
0.0032
0.0043
0.0057

0.0018
0.0024
0.0033
0.0044
0.0059

0.0018
0.0025
0.0034
0.0045
0.0060

0.0019
0.0026
0.0035
0.0047
0.0062

-2.9
-2.8
-2.7
-2.6
-2.5

0.0064
0.0084
0.0110
0.0143
0.0183

0.0066
0.0087
0.0113
0.0146
0.0188

0.0068
0.0089
0.0116
0.0150
0.0192

0.0069
0.0091
0.0119
0.0154
0.0197

0.0071
0.0094
0.0122
0.0158
0.0202

0.0073
0.0096
0.0125
0.0162
0.0207

0.0075
0.0099
0.0129
0.0166
0.0212

0.0078
0.0102
0.0132
0.0170
0.0217

0.0080
0.0104
0.0136
0.0174
0.0222

0.0082
0.0107
0.0139
0.0179
0.0228

-2.4
-2.3
-2.2
-2.1
-2.0

0.0233
0.0294
0.0367
0.0455
0.0559

0.0239
0.0301
0.0375
0.0465
0.0571

0.0244
0.0307
0.0384
0.0475
0.0582

0.0250
0.0314
0.0392
0.0485
0.0594

0.0256
0.0322
0.0401
0.0495
0.0606

0.0262
0.0329
0.0409
0.0505
0.0618

0.0268
0.0336
0.0418
0.0516
0.0630

0.0274
0.0344
0.0427
0.0526
0.0643

0.0281
0.0351
0.0436
0.0537
0.0655

0.0287
0.0359
0.0446
0.0548
0.0668

-1.9
-1.8
-1.7
-1.6
-1.5

0.0681
0.0823
0.0985
0.1170
0.1379

0.0694
0.0838
0.1003
0.1190
0.1401

0.0708
0.0853
0.1020
0.1210
0.1423

0.0721
0.0869
0.1038
0.1230
0.1446

0.0735
0.0885
0.1056
0.1251
0.1469

0.0749
0.0901
0.1075
0.1271
0.1492

0.0764
0.0918
0.1093
0.1292
0.1515

0.0778
0.0934
0.1112
0.1314
0.1539

0.0793
0.0951
0.1131
0.1335
0.1562

0.0808
0.0968
0.1151
0.1357
0.1587

-1.4
-1.3
-1.2
-1.1
-1.0

0.1611
0.1867
0.2148
0.2451
0.2776

0.1635
0.1894
0.2177
0.2483
0.2810

0.1660
0.1922
0.2206
0.2514
0.2843

0.1685
0.1949
0.2236
0.2546
0.2877

0.1711
0.1977
0.2266
0.2578
0.2912

0.1736
0.2005
0.2296
0.2611
0.2946

0.1762
0.2033
0.2327
0.2643
0.2981

0.1788
0.2061
0.2358
0.2676
0.3015

0.1814
0.2090
0.2389
0.2709
0.3050

0.1841
0.2119
0.2420
0.2743
0.3085

-0.9
-0.8
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5

0.3121
0.3483
0.3859
0.4247
0.4641

0.3156
0.3520
0.3897
0.4286
0.4681

0.3192
0.3557
0.3936
0.4325
0.4721

0.3228
0.3594
0.3974
0.4364
0.4761

0.3264
0.3632
0.4013
0.4404
0.4801

0.3300
0.3669
0.4052
0.4443
0.4840

0.3336
0.3707
0.4090
0.4483
0.4880

0.3372
0.3745
0.4129
0.4522
0.4920

0.3409
0.3783
0.4168
0.4562
0.4960

0.3446
0.3821
0.4207
0.4602
0.5000

-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
-0.0

* For values of z d -3.90, the areas are 0.0000 to four decimal places

Table Z: Areas under the standard normal curve (positive Z)

0.00
0.5000
0.5398
0.5793
0.6179
0.6554

0.01
0.5040
0.5438
0.5832
0.6217
0.6591

0.02
0.5080
0.5478
0.5871
0.6255
0.6628

Second decimal place in z

0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9

0.6915
0.7257
0.7580
0.7881
0.8159

0.6950
0.7291
0.7611
0.7910
0.8186

0.6985
0.7324
0.7642
0.7939
0.8212

0.7019
0.7357
0.7673
0.7967
0.8238

0.7054
0.7389
0.7704
0.7995
0.8264

0.7088
0.7422
0.7734
0.8023
0.8289

0.7123
0.7454
0.7764
0.8051
0.8315

0.7157
0.7486
0.7794
0.8078
0.8340

0.7190
0.7517
0.7823
0.8106
0.8365

0.7224
0.7549
0.7852
0.8133
0.8389

1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

0.8413
0.8643
0.8849
0.9032
0.9192

0.8438
0.8665
0.8869
0.9049
0.9207

0.8461
0.8686
0.8888
0.9066
0.9222

0.8485
0.8708
0.8907
0.9082
0.9236

0.8508
0.8729
0.8925
0.9099
0.9251

0.8531
0.8749
0.8944
0.9115
0.9265

0.8554
0.8770
0.8962
0.9131
0.9279

0.8577
0.8790
0.8980
0.9147
0.9292

0.8599
0.8810
0.8997
0.9162
0.9306

0.8621
0.8830
0.9015
0.9177
0.9319

1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9

0.9332
0.9452
0.9554
0.9641
0.9713

0.9345
0.9463
0.9564
0.9649
0.9719

0.9357
0.9474
0.9573
0.9656
0.9726

0.9370
0.9484
0.9582
0.9664
0.9732

0.9382
0.9495
0.9591
0.9671
0.9738

0.9394
0.9505
0.9599
0.9678
0.9744

0.9406
0.9515
0.9608
0.9686
0.9750

0.9418
0.9525
0.9616
0.9693
0.9756

0.9429
0.9535
0.9625
0.9699
0.9761

0.9441
0.9545
0.9633
0.9706
0.9767

2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4

0.9772
0.9821
0.9861
0.9893
0.9918

0.9778
0.9826
0.9864
0.9896
0.9920

0.9783
0.9830
0.9868
0.9898
0.9922

0.9788
0.9834
0.9871
0.9901
0.9925

0.9793
0.9838
0.9875
0.9904
0.9927

0.9798
0.9842
0.9878
0.9906
0.9929

0.9803
0.9846
0.9881
0.9909
0.9931

0.9808
0.9850
0.9884
0.9911
0.9932

0.9812
0.9854
0.9887
0.9913
0.9934

0.9817
0.9857
0.9890
0.9916
0.9936

2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9

0.9938
0.9953
0.9965
0.9974
0.9981

0.9940
0.9955
0.9966
0.9975
0.9982

0.9941
0.9956
0.9967
0.9976
0.9982

0.9943
0.9957
0.9968
0.9977
0.9983

0.9945
0.9959
0.9969
0.9977
0.9984

0.9946
0.9960
0.9970
0.9978
0.9984

0.9948
0.9961
0.9971
0.9979
0.9985

0.9949
0.9962
0.9972
0.9979
0.9985

0.9951
0.9963
0.9973
0.9980
0.9986

0.9952
0.9964
0.9974
0.9981
0.9986

3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

0.9987
0.9990
0.9993
0.9995
0.9997

0.9987
0.9991
0.9993
0.9995
0.9997

0.9987
0.9991
0.9994
0.9995
0.9997

0.9988
0.9991
0.9994
0.9996
0.9997

0.9988
0.9992
0.9994
0.9996
0.9997

0.9989
0.9992
0.9994
0.9996
0.9997

0.9989
0.9992
0.9994
0.9996
0.9997

0.9989
0.9992
0.9995
0.9996
0.9997

0.9990
0.9993
0.9995
0.9996
0.9997

0.9990
0.9993
0.9995
0.9997
0.9998

3.5 0.9998
3.6 0.9998
3.7 0.9999
3.8 0.9999
3.9 * 1.0000

0.9998
0.9998
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

0.9998
0.9999
0.9999
0.9999

* For values of z t 3.90, the areas are 1.0000 to four decimal places

0.07
0.5279
0.5675
0.6064
0.6443
0.6808

0.08
0.5319
0.5714
0.6103
0.6480
0.6844

0.09
0.5359
0.5753
0.6141
0.6517
0.6879

Table T: Critical values for the Student's T distributions

0.10
0.05

0.05
0.025

0.02
0.01

0.01
0.005

df
1
2
3
4

3.078
1.886
1.638
1.533

6.314
2.920
2.353
2.132

12.706
4.303
3.182
2.776

31.821
6.965
4.541
3.747

63.657
9.925
5.841
4.604

df
1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9

1.476
1.440
1.415
1.397
1.383

2.015
1.943
1.895
1.860
1.833

2.571
2.447
2.365
2.306
2.262

3.365
3.143
2.998
2.896
2.821

4.032
3.707
3.499
3.355
3.250

5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14

1.372
1.363
1.356
1.350
1.345

1.812
1.796
1.782
1.771
1.761

2.228
2.201
2.179
2.160
2.145

2.764
2.718
2.681
2.650
2.624

3.169
3.106
3.055
3.012
2.977

10
11
12
13
14

15
16
17
18
19

1.341
1.337
1.333
1.330
1.328

1.753
1.746
1.740
1.734
1.729

2.131
2.120
2.110
2.101
2.093

2.602
2.583
2.567
2.552
2.539

2.947
2.921
2.898
2.878
2.861

15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24

1.325
1.323
1.321
1.319
1.318

1.725
1.721
1.717
1.714
1.711

2.086
2.080
2.074
2.069
2.064

2.528
2.518
2.508
2.500
2.492

2.845
2.831
2.819
2.807
2.797

20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29

1.316
1.315
1.314
1.313
1.311

1.708
1.706
1.703
1.701
1.699

2.060
2.056
2.052
2.048
2.045

2.485
2.479
2.473
2.467
2.462

2.787
2.779
2.771
2.763
2.756

25
26
27
28
29

30
32
35
40
45

1.310
1.309
1.306
1.303
1.301

1.697
1.694
1.690
1.684
1.679

2.042
2.037
2.030
2.021
2.014

2.457
2.449
2.438
2.423
2.412

2.750
2.738
2.724
2.704
2.690

30
32
35
40
45

50
60
75
90
120

1.299
1.296
1.293
1.291
1.289

1.676
1.671
1.665
1.662
1.658

2.009
2.000
1.992
1.987
1.980

2.403
2.390
2.377
2.368
2.358

2.678
2.660
2.643
2.632
2.617

50
60
75
90
120

150
250
500
750
1000

1.287
1.285
1.283
1.283
1.282

1.655
1.651
1.648
1.647
1.646

1.976
1.969
1.965
1.963
1.962

2.351
2.341
2.334
2.331
2.330

2.609
2.596
2.586
2.582
2.581

150
250
500
750
1000

normal f (z)

1.282
80%

1.645
90%

1.960
95%

2.326
98%

2.576
99%

(z) f

two tail probability

confidence levels

Table F: Critical values for the Chi-Squared distributions

0.10

0.05

0.025

0.01

0.005

2.706
4.605
6.251
7.779

3.841
5.991
7.815
9.488

5.024
7.378
9.348
11.143

6.635
9.210
11.345
13.277

7.879
10.597
12.838
14.860

5
6
7
8
9

9.236
10.645
12.017
13.362
14.684

11.070
12.592
14.067
15.507
16.919

12.833
14.449
16.013
17.535
19.023

15.086
16.812
18.475
20.090
21.666

16.750
18.548
20.278
21.955
23.589

10
11
12
13
14

15.987
17.275
18.549
19.812
21.064

18.307
19.675
21.026
22.362
23.685

20.483
21.920
23.337
24.736
26.119

23.209
24.725
26.217
27.688
29.141

25.188
26.757
28.300
29.819
31.319

15
16
17
18
19

22.307
23.542
24.769
25.989
27.204

24.996
26.296
27.587
28.869
30.144

27.488
28.845
30.191
31.526
32.852

30.578
32.000
33.409
34.805
36.191

32.801
34.267
35.718
37.156
38.582

20
21
22
23
24

28.412
29.615
30.813
32.007
33.196

31.410
32.671
33.924
35.172
36.415

34.170
35.479
36.781
38.076
39.364

37.566
38.932
40.289
41.638
42.980

39.997
41.401
42.796
44.181
45.559

25
26
27
28
29

34.382
35.563
36.741
37.916
39.087

37.652
38.885
40.113
41.337
42.557

40.646
41.923
43.195
44.461
45.722

44.314
45.642
46.963
48.278
49.588

46.928
48.290
49.645
50.993
52.336

30
40
50
60
70

40.256
51.805
63.167
74.397
85.527

43.773
55.758
67.505
79.082
90.531

46.979
59.342
71.420
83.298
95.023

50.892
63.691
76.154
88.379
100.425

53.672
66.766
79.490
91.952
104.215

80
90
100
110
120

96.578
107.565
118.498
129.385
140.233

101.879
113.145
124.342
135.480
146.567

106.629
118.136
129.561
140.917
152.211

112.329
124.116
135.807
147.414
158.950

116.321
128.299
140.169
151.948
163.648