SUA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Sua Daram Samar

1st Periodical Exam in 21st Century Literature

Name: __________________________________ Grade & Sec. ________________ Score: ________

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. During this period, Jose Rizal’s works such as Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo were
written to awake the mind of our countrymen.

A. Spanish Period B. American Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of Enlightenment

Explanation: In the 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called Illustrados
began to write about the hitch of colonization. This the period of Enlightenment (1872 –
1898)

2. The Philippines had literature such as legends, folktakes, folksongs, and the like.

A. Spanish Period B. Japanese Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of Enlightenment

Explanation: Folk tales, The Epic Age and Folk Songs are introduced during the Pre-Spanish
era.

3. In this period, religious books were written, such as Doctrina Cristiana and Urbana and
Felisa, to support or contradict the Catholic Church.

A. Spanish Period B. American Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Period of Enlightenment

Explanation: Spanish influences on Philippine literature. During this era the teaching of the
Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.

4. Filipino writers went into all forms of literature like news, reporting, poetry, stories play,
essays, and novels which clearly depicted their love of country and their longings for
independence.

A. Edsa I Period B. American Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. The 3rd Republic Period

Explanation: During the American period Filipino writers continued in their lamentations on
the conditions of the4 country and their attempts to arouse love for one’s native tongue and
the writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the Americans.

5. Filipino literature was given a break during this period for the Filipino literature was
prohibited from using. Many wrote plays, poems, short stories, etc. Topics and themes were
often about life in the provinces.

A. Japanese Period B. American Period

 C. Pre-Spanish Period D. American Period

Explanation: The Philippine literature was interrupted in its development when another
foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines between 1941 – 1945. Philippine literature
in English came to a halt.

6. Haiku and Tanaga were influenced by what period?

A. Spanish Period B. Japanese Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Period of Enlightenment

Explanation: During the Japanese period three (3) types of poems emerged and one of them
is, Haiku, a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided
into three lines.

7. This period presented new trends in writing using modern technology.

A. Edsa I Period B. 21st Century Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. The 3rd Republic Period

Explanation: The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes
of the new generation; it is called 21st century period.

8. This literary period witnessed newspapers which were once branded crony newspapers
become instant opposition papers.

A. Japanese Period B. American Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Edsa I Period

Explanation: During EDSA 1 Revolution (1986 – 1995). History took another twist. Once
more, the Filipino people regained their independence, which they lost twenty years ago.
The now crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE
INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL

9. Poetry during this period were romantic and revolutionary.

A. The 3rd Republic Period B. Edsa I Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Pre-Spanish Period

Explanation: The Philippines became a new nation. Former Pres. Ferdinand Marcos Sr. called
“The New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were
romantic and revolutionary.

10. Poetry during this period were dealt with patience, regard for native culture and
customs.

A. The 3rd Republic Period B. 21st Century Period

C. Edsa I Period D. New Society Period

Explanation: The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos
Palanca Awards continue to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for native
culture, customs, and beauties of nature and surroundings.
11. Philippine regional literature can be BEST described as ___________.

A. Dynamic B. Outdated

C. Spoken D. Traditional

Explanation: The Philippine regional literature is described as dynamic.

12. Imagery in poetry pertains to _____________.

A. Mental pictures B. Unique drawings

C. Vague resemblances D. Word creations

Explanations: Imagery means images or pictures.

13.The use of the vernacular in regional literature is ___________

A. discouraged because many people do not understand a piece not written in either
English or Tagalog

B. encouraged so that the culture and tradition of a people are upheld

despite effects of modernity

C. opposed for the reason that it constraints the expression of thoughts, feelings, and
ideas of a writer

D. affirmed by many for it allows free flow of feelings and in-sights not
understandable to readers

14.A valid observation of literary development in the Philippines is that _______.

A. History is recorded only in the oral tradition of the country.

B. No literature could reflect the richness of our country's experiences.

C. Literary masterpieces are written by great persons with great remembrances.

D. Literature developed alongside Philippine history.

15.Because of the archipelagic nature of the Philippines, its geographical features, and the
presence of various ethno-linguistic groups in the country, regional literature has become
____________.

A. Anti-modern and traditional B. Short yet vivid

C. Rich and varied D. Nationalistic

Folk tales. These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and
humor where one can derive lessons. An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN.
The Epic Age. Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic
achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
Folk Songs. These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged
in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of
these have 12 syllables. Examples of which are Kundiman, Kumintang o Tagumpay,
Ang Dalit o Imno, Ang Oyayi o Hele, Diana, Soliraning and Talindaw
Spanish Influences On Philippine Literature
 The first Filipino alphabet, called ALIBATA, was replaced by the Roman alphabet. Also,
the teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.
European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs,
corridos, and moro-moros.
Folk Songs
It manifests the artistic feelings of the Filipinos and shows their innate appreciation
for and love of beauty. The examples are Leron-Leron Sinta, Pamulinawen,
Dandansoy, Sarong Banggi, and Atin Cu Pung Sing-sing.
Recreational Plays
There were many recreational plays performed by Filipinos during the Spanish times.
Almost all of them were in poetic f a orm such Cenaculo, Panunuluyan, Salubong and
Zarzuela.

The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) - This movement was spearheaded mostly by the
intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio
Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.

Some of Rizal’s writings: Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo Adios, Sobre La Indolencia

Delos Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos
Some of Del Pilar’s writings: Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country),
Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes).
Some of Jaena’s writings: Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar)
and Everything Is Hambug , (Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino...1891), and
Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to Commemorate Columbus).

Filipino Poetry during this period

The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was nationalism,
country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.

Three types of poems emerged during this period:

A. Haiku , a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables
divided into three lines and

B. Tanaga like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme.

C. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)

The Literary Revolution

The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the
government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions
and also in literature.

PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972- 1980)

The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards
continued to give annual awards. dealt with Poems patience, regard for native culture,
customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms.
News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored more
than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos before were
hooked in reading magazines and comics.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)

After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started
under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981. The Philippines
became a new nation, and this, former President Marcos called “The New Republic of the
Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary.
Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true- -life like those of grief, poverty, to
aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen.

POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995)

History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their independence,
which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called
People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real
Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became evident. It was noticed in the
new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the television programs. The now
crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE INQUIRER,
MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.

21st CENTURY PERIOD

The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of the new
generation. 21st Century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style
and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary
pieces produced nowadays.

1. Pre-Spanish Literature is characterized by Legends, Folk Tales, The Epic Age, and Folk
Songs.

2. The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual

middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano
Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban and Pedro Paterno.

3. In the American Regime, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using the English
language. English as a medium of instruction was introduced in the schools as the
intellectual language of education.

4. In the Period of Activism, campus newspapers were written to show their protest. They
held pens and wrote on placards in red paint the equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA (To
dare!).

5. Period of the New Society poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs,
and the beauties of nature and surroundings.

6. The period of the Third Republic was romantic and revolutionary.

7. Post EDSA I noticed in the new Filipino songs, in the newspapers, in the speeches, and
even in the television programs.

Lesson 2

A Taste of Philippine Poetry

Located in the northwest of Luzon, the Ilocos Region or Region 1 is comprised of four
provinces, namely: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan. It is bordered to the
west by the turbulent South China Sea, to the east by Cordillera Administrative Region, the
northeast and southeast by Cagayan Valley and the South by Central Luzon.

A Taste of Tagalog Essay

More popular known now as the CALABARZON referring to the provinces of Cavity, Laguna,
Batangas, Rizal and Quezon, Region IV-A is home of tagalog speaking people in the
Philippines. Recognized all over the country for their bravery and fearlessness in battles.
CALABARZON has participated actively in the country’s fight for freedom and democracy. It
is home to many Philippine heroes foremost, and among them are Rizal of Laguna, Mabini of
Batangas, and Aguinaldo of Cavite.

A Taste of Creative Nonfiction

The island of Visayas is one of the major geographical divisions in the Philippines, the other
two being Luzon and Mindanao. It is divided into Western, Central and Eastern Visayas. The
Visayas region is comprised of several islands circling the Visayan Sea. Its people, therefore,
share a sea-based culture and tradition that may be rooted in a religious foundation.

The dwelling place of many festivals such as the Ati-Atihan, Di-nagyang, Sinulog, Pintados,
and Maskara, the Visayas may indeed be considered as one of the cradles of Philippine
Civilization.

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Chant (Bulong) was used in witchcraft or enchantment especially in remote places in the
Visayas.

A. Japanese Period B. Rebirth of Freedom

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of Enlightenment

2. Lagaylay was used in a special occasion for the Pilareños of Sorsogon during May time to
get together.

A. Spanish Period B. New Society Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of 3rd Republic

3. PAGIBIG SA TINUBUANG LUPA was translated from the Spanish AMOR PATRIA of Rizal,
published on August 20, 1882, in Diariong Tagalog.

A. Spanish Period B. American Period

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of Enlightenment

4. Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenaculo and the Embayoka of the Muslims were presented in the
rebuilt Metropolitan Theater, the Folk Arts Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.

A. New Society Period B. American Period

 C. 21st Century Period D. Period of 3rd Republic

5. Haiku, is short with a measure and rhyme consisting of 17 syllables which had favorable
diminishing effect on Tagalog literature.

A. Spanish Period B. American Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Period of 3rd Republic

6. English as medium of instruction was introduced in the schools as intellectual language of

education in this period.

A. New Society Period B. American Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Period of 3rd Republic

7. This is the period wherein the youth became vocal with their sentiments and demanded
change in the government.

A. Spanish Period B. Period of Activism

C. Pre-Spanish Period D. Period of 3rd Republic

8. Filipinos during this period were hooked in reading magazines and comics.

A. New Society Period B. American Period

C. Period of 3rd Republic D. 21st Century Period

9. “Ang Bayan ko” was a song popularized in this period.

A. Period of 3rd Republic B. New Society Period

C. 21st Century Period D. Post-EDSA 1 Period

10. This period is notable in the reawakening of the Filipino spirit when the 3 priests Gomez,
Burgos and Zamora were guillotined without sufficient evidence of guilt.

A. Post-EDSA 1 Period B. Period of 3rd Republic

C. Period of Enlightenment D. Period of Activism

11. A statement of fact about Philippine regional literature is _______.

A. It mirrors the deeply ingrained Filipino values, culture and tradition even
when keeping up with the changing times.

B. It reflects the conservatism of indigenous folks who have maintained a backward

expression style.

C. It embraces only the written compilation of literary works in various styles and
genres.

D. It depicts the influences of various colonizers that occupied the country for more
than three centuries.

12.An element in poetry that refers to the image or picture created in the minds of readers
that helps give light to the main idea is _______.
 A. Form B. Imagery

C. Rhythm D. Sound pattern

13.Many Filipino authors, writers, or poets are encouraged to use the mother tongue as the
medium of expression in their craft because _______.

A. Readers fail to comprehend a piece not written in either English or Tagalog.

B. Our people’s culture and tradition are upheld through this despite
effects of colonization or even modernity.

C. The expression of thoughts, feelings, and ideas of a writer are emphasized in the
personalized codes that they use.

D. The continuous flow of feelings and insights are inhibited when a foreign language
is used instead.

14. The development of literature in the Philippines __________.

A. Is given life only in the oral tradition of the country.

B. Could reflect the richness of our country’s resources.

C. May be attributed to both local and foreign influences.

D. Grew and prospered alongside the country s history.

15. Philippine regional literature has become rich and varied because of _______.

A. the contributions of numerous artists who patterned after the Western literary
masters.

B. the nationalistic fervor of texts written in various stages of our history as a nation.

C. various topics used as themes by the writers and their alignment to world events.

D. the archipelagic nature of the Philippines, its geographical features, and

the presence of various ethno-linguistic groups in the country.

LESSON 3

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Even before his death, Rizal affirmed his place in literary history by succinctly and
expertly putting into words his acceptance of death in the land he so loved in his last poem.
What was the original title of the poem “My Last Farewell.”?

A. Adios Patria Adorada B. Mi Amore Adios

C. Mi Ultimo Adios D. Salve Patria Adios

2. Which underground paper was used by the revolutionists as their mouthpiece of reform
during the revolutionary period?

A. Diaryong Tagalog B. Doctrina Cristiana

 C. La Solidaridad D. The Decalogue

3. The short story "Dead Stars" written by Paz Marquez Benitez is considered as the first
Filipino modern short story in English. In which period was it written?

A. American Period B. Contemporary Period

C. Spanish Period D. 21st Century

4. Which type of literature flourished during the Japanese period?

A. Essay B. Novel

C. Poem D. Short story

5. What is the title of the first book printed in the Philippines?

A. Doctrina Cristiana B. Ninay

C. Noli Me Tangere D. Urbana at Felisa

6. Which best describes the literary works during the early Spanish Period?

A. Bulgar and sarcastic B. Informal and imitative

C. Nationalistic D. Religious and secular

7. Which best describes the literary works during the early American Period?

A. Bulgar and sarcastic B. Imitative

C. Nationalistic D. Religious or secular

8. Which new form of literature first flourished during the Spanish period?

A. Diary B. Drama

C. Essay D. Riddles

9. What is regarded as the most famous metrical romance in the Philippines?

A. Biag ni Lam-ang B. Florante at Laura

C. Ibong Adarna D. Noli Me Tangere

10.What was the most prevalent form of literature during the American and Japanese
period?

A. Essay B. Novel

C. Poem D. Short story

PARAGRAPH COMPLETION:

Fill in the missing words to complete each statement below.

 Colonial periods are divided into three: Spanish, American, and Japanese. The 1)
_______________________ are the longest ruling colonizers who used both language and
religion as its weapon. Spanish colonizers introduced 2) ______________________ among
Filipinos through exposure to various religious texts that aim to teach Christian values and
morality. Government was mostly ruled by Spaniards. Although, 3) ______________________
was allowed during the latter part, but it was considered as a privilege and for private
concern only. During the Revolutionary Period, 4) ______________________ texts flourished.
There was a great emphasis on 5) ______________________ and 6) ______________________ during
the reign of American colonizers. Patriotism and nationalism were still the common topics or
subjects of literature. 7)______________________ using English language flourished while 8)
_______________ and plays became less popular because of foreign films.
9)___________________ was the shortest among the three. Nationalism and solidarity were still
the favorite topics but forbidden at the same time. Tagalog short stories flourished since 10)
______________________ language was banned. Inculcating Eastern values among Filipinos was
not that successful since Filipinos continued to resist until its period of sovereignty in 1945.

Answers Key:

1. Spaniards
2. Christianity
3. Education
4. Nationalistic
5. Education
6. Citizenship
7. Short stories
8. Novels
9. Japanese period was the shortest
10. English

Multiple Choices. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is most likely the theme of literary text during the Early Spanish Period?

A. Equality B. Nationalism

C. Nature D. Religion and morality

2. Which literary theme is the most common among the three periods of colonialism in the
Philippines?

A. Daily life B. Education

C. Nationalism D. Poverty

3. Which word best describes the type of literature written in English by Filipino authors
during the Early American Period?

A. Colorful B. Imitative

C. Fluently written D. Unique

4. Which is true about literature during the Japanese Period?

 A. Filipinos were encouraged to write using the Tagalog language.

B. Filipinos were forbidden to write at all during this period.

C. Filipino writers began writing literary text in Nihongo.

D. Filipinos continued to write in English and Spanish.

5. Being in exile during the Japanese period, Manuel L. Quezon wrote his experiences and
thoughts in his work entitled "The Good Fight" while he was in the US. What genre of
literature is this?

A. Autobiography B. Essay

C. Novel D. Short story

6. Which best describes the type of literature during the later part of the Spanish regime?

A. Didactic and conservative B. Imitative and informal

C. Sarcastic and pessimistic D. Simple and dynamic

7. Who was appointed as the President of the Philippines during the Japanese period?

A. Emilio Aguinaldo B. Jose P. Laurel

C. Manuel L. Quezon D. Sergio Osmeña Sr.

8. Which Philippine literary was NOT prevalent during the Japanese period?

A. Essay B. Drama and classical music

C. Short stories written in English D. Short stories written in the vernacular

9. What refers to a native drama popular during the Spanish period that depicts war
between Christians and Muslims?

A. Epic B. Komedya or Moro-moro

C. Myth D. Parable

10. Who is the writer of the first Filipino novel in English entitled "A Child of Sorrow" in 1921?

A. Jose Garcia Villa B. Nick Joaquin

C. Paz Marquez Benitez D. Zoilo M. Galang

LESSON 4

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which term is also associated with the post-colonial period?

A. Apprenticeship period B. Contemporary period

C. Emergence period D. Revolutionary period

Explanation: POST-COLONIAL PERIOD (1945-present), contemporary period means present

time

2. Who assumed the presidency after the death of Manuel Quezon during the post-colonial
period?

A. Diosdado Macapagal B. Ferdinand Marcos

C. Manuel Roxas D. Sergio Osmeña Sr.

Explanations: In 1944, Sergio S. Osmeña, Sr. assumed the presidency upon the death of
Manuel L. Quezon while the Philippine Commonwealth government was in exile in the U.S.

3. What term associated with Martial Law did Marcos use in stabilizing the chaotic condition
of the Philippines?

A. Edsa Revolution Movement B. New Society Movement

C. Peaceful Reform Movement D. Social Reform Movement

Explanations: Marcos declared Martial Law on September 21, 1972 and led the country into
what he calls “The New Society” against lawlessness which incited a lot of opposition.

4. What refers to the prestigious award given to gifted Filipino writers and their outstanding
literary works and is considered as the counterpart of Pulitzer Prize in the United States?

A. Gawad Urian Awards B. National Artists of the Philippines

C. Palanca Awards D. Premio Zobel

5. Who among the authors does NOT belong to the post-colonial period?

A. Jose Dalisay, Jr. B. Jose Garcia Villa

C. Nick Joaquin D. Pedro Paterno

Explanation: Pedro Paterno (1857–1911

6. What is the modern counterpart of Balagtasan?

A. Blogs B. Fliptop

C. Text Tula D. Spoken Words

7. Which website contains short articles known as posts?

A. Blog B. Internet

C. Social Media D. The Web

Explanation: Blog a website containing short articles called posts that are changed regularly.

8. In which period in history was the short poetry Tanaga first emerged?
 A. American Period B. Japanese Period

C. Pre-colonial Period D. Spanish Period

9. What greatly influenced the 21st century literary forms?

A. Books B. Culture

C. Science D. Technology

10. Which 21st century literary genre addresses issues concerning woman that is often
depicted in humorous or light hearted manner?

A. Chick Lit B. Flash Fiction

C. Hyper poetry D. Text Tula

Explanation: Chick lit. this genre fiction addresses issues of modern womanhood, often
humorously and light-heartedly.

Genre Definition
Blog This is also known as web log or a website containing short articles
called posts that are changed regularly. Some blogs are written by one
person containing their own opinions, interests and experiences, while
others are written by many different people.
Chick Lit This genre fiction addresses issues of modern womanhood, often
humorously and light-heartedly. The genre became popular in the late
1990s, with chick lit titles topping best seller lists and the creation of
imprints devoted entirely to chick lit.
Creative Also known as literary nonfiction or narrative nonfiction, it is a genre of
Nonfiction writing that uses literary styles and techniques to create factually
accurate narratives. Creative nonfiction contrasts with other nonfiction,
such as technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in accurate
fact, but is not primarily written in service to its craft. As a genre,
creative nonfiction is still relatively young, and is only beginning to be
scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to fiction and poetry.
Flash Fiction This is characterized with a style of fictional literature or fiction of
extreme brevity. There is no widely accepted definition of the length of
the category. Some self-described markets for flash fiction impose caps
as low as three hundred words, while others consider stories as long as a
thousand words to be flash fiction.
Hyper poetry It is a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up. It is
a very visual form, and is related to hypertext fiction and visual arts. The
links mean that a hypertext poem has no set order, the poem moving or
being generated in response to the links that the reader/user chooses. It
can either involve set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented in
variable order but sit on the page much as traditional poetry does, or it
can contain parts of the poem that move and / or mutate.
Mobile Phone A particular example of this poem is a tanaga, a type of Filipino poem,
Text Tula consisting of four lines with seven syllables each with the same rhyme
at the end of each line - that is to say a 7-7-7-7 syllabic verse, with an
AABB rhyme scheme. The modern Tanaga still uses the 7777 syllable
count, but rhymes range from dual rhyme forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA; to
freestyle forms such as AAAB, BAAA, or ABCD.
Speculative This is an umbrella term encompassing the more fantastical fiction
Fiction genres, specifically science fiction, fantasy, horror, weird fiction,
 supernatural fiction, superhero fiction, utopian and dystopian fiction,
apocalyptic and postapocalyptic fiction, and alternate history in
literature as well as related static, motion, and virtual arts.

The Kundiman- is the traditional Filipino love song which became popular in the late 19th
century and well into many decades of the 20th century. The King and Queen of Kundiman
were Ruben Tagalog and Sylvia La Torre respectively. Here are samples of lyrics from
kundiman songs. Can you find similar Filipino compositions from the present? Write their
lyrics next to those of the given Kundiman.

Have you watched a Balagtasan? It is a verbal joust named after 18th century literary great
Francisco Balagtas, author of the Florante at Laura. Look up examples of the Balagtasan
from popular video-sharing sites. Does your generation have a counterpart for it? What is it
called? Contrast the Balagtasan with present-day form of verbal jousting. How do their
elements (language, theme, participants, setting, rules) differ. Answer this on a separate
sheet.

Multiple Choices. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What subject or theme is the most common during the contemporary period?

A. Educational issues B. Psychological issues

C. Social issues D. Spiritual issues

2. Post-colonialism is a broad term that can also be used to study literature. What is the
utmost concern of this term?

A. Impact of imperialism and colonialism B. Establishment of own governance

C. Threat of another colonizers D. Welfare of the writers

3. Why do a lot of Filipino thinkers say that the Philippines remains a neocolony of the U.S.A?

A. Because our country's economy and foreign policy are both dependent
on American government

B. Because Philippines is directly governed by American government

C. Because we love Western cultures only

D. This belief is not true.

4. Which phrase best describes the first Edsa Revolution in our country?

A. Bloody Revolution B. Bloodless Revolution

C. Corrupted Mind D. The New Society

5. Modern literature comprises both contemporary and 21st century literature. How does
contemporary literature differ with 21st century literature?

A. It is stricter in terms of the convention and mechanics in writing.

 B. Technology is commonly embedded in contemporary literature.

C. Contemporary literature is better in quality.

D. It is commonly written in English language.

6. What does 21st century literature mean?

A. It is any type literary text produced roughly from 2001 up to the present.

B. It is the type of literary that only uses technology.

C. This is the literature of emerging genres.

D. Both A and C.

7. Which literary text only existed during 21st century literature? BONUS

A. Acrostic Poems B. Chic Lit

C. Essay D. Proverbs

8. Which literary text only existed during 21st century literature? BONUS

A. Comedia B. Haiku

C. Myth D. Speculative Fiction

9. Which among the poems only existed during 21st century literature?

A. Concrete Poem B. Lyrical Poetry

C. Hyper Poetry D. Sonnet

10.Which best characterizes 21st century literature as compared to the other periods?

A. The use of technology is embedded in the creation of this type of literature.

B. This is a literature written by contemporary authors within the last decade.

C. This literature often breaks traditional writing.

D. All of the above.