EE(GATE)2016 Paper Set - I

Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 1

Concept : Calculus Type : NAT
Sub-concept : Maxima and Minima Level : Easy
Concept field : 1 and 2 variable maxima and minima Time : 60 sec.
1.
The maximum value attained by the function f(x) = x(x – 1)(x – 2) in the interval [1, 2] is .
Ans. (0.0 to 0.0)
Sol. Given a function
f(x) = x(x –1) (x–2)
f(x) = x[x2 – 2x – x + 2]
= x[x2 – 3x + 2]
f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 2x ....(1)
Differentiate equation (1) with respect to x
f’(x) = 3x2 – 6x + 2
For critical points
f’(x) = 0
So, 3x2 – 6x + 2 = 0

−( −6)  (6)2 − 4  3  2
x=
23

6  36 − 24 6  12
x= =
6 6

62 3
x=
6

3 3
x=
3
On solving
x = 1.557, 0.423
Now
f(1) = (1)3 – 3 × (1)2 + 2 × 1 = 1 – 3 + 2
f(1) = 0
and f(2) = (2)3 – 3 × (2)2 + 2 × 2 = 8 – 3 × 4 + 4
f(2) = 12 – 12 = 0
So, f(1) = f(2) = 0
and f(1.577) = (1.577)3 – 3 × (1.577)2 + 2 × 1.577
f(1.577) = – 0.385
 So, maximum value in [1, 2] be 0.

Topic: Engineering Mathematics Marks: 1

Concept: Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Level:
Concept Field: Time:

2.
Consider a 3 × 3 matrix with every element being equal to 1. Its only non-zero eigen value is
.
Ans. (3 to 3)
Sol. Given, the 3 × 3 matrix with every element equal to 1 is

 1 1 1
 
A =  1 1 1
 1 1 1
 
The characteristics equation of A is given by

A − I = 0

1−  1 1
1 1−  1 =0
1 1 1− 

(1− ) (1− )(1− ) − 1 − 11 (1− ) − 1 + 11− (1− )1 = 0

(1− ) (1− )2 − 1 − 1 1−  − 1 + 1 1− 1+ ) = 0

(1− )  1+ 2 − 2 − 1 − 1 −  + 1  = 0

(1− ) 2 − 2  +  +  = 0

2 − 2 −  3 + 2 2 + 2 = 0

− 3 + 3 2 = 0

 3 − 3 2 = 0

2 ( − 3) = 0
So, λ = 0, λ = 0 and λ = 3 Ans.
Hence, the value of non-zero eigen value is (3 to 3).
Topic: Signals and Systems Marks: 1
Concept: Laplace Transform Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Laplace Transform of Some Elementary Functions Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Properties of Laplace Transform Time: 120 secs

3.
The Laplace Transform of 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (5𝑡) 𝑢(𝑡)is.
5
a) 𝑠2 −4𝑠+29
5
b) 𝑠2 +5
𝑠−2
c) 𝑠2 −4𝑠+29
5
d) 𝑠+5

Sol. (a)
Consider
5
⃗⃗⃗⃗ 2
𝑥(𝑡) = (𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛 5 𝑡) × 𝑢(𝑡) = 𝐿𝑇 = 𝑋(𝑠)
𝑠 +25

By frequency shifting property = 𝐿−1 {𝑋(𝑠 − 𝑠𝑜 )} = 𝑥(𝑡) 𝑒 𝑆0 𝑡

Thus, at s0 = 2
5
f(t) = e2t sin 5tu(t)LT = F(s)
(s − 2)2 + 25
5
∴ 𝐹(𝑠) =
𝑠 2 −4𝑠+29
Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 1
Concept : Differential equation Type : MCQ
Sub-concept : Higher order differential equation Level : Easy
Concept field : Complementary function Time : 60 sec.

4.
A function y(t), such that (0) = 1 and y (1) = 3e-1, is a solution of the differential equation
d2 y dy
2
+2 +y=0
dt dt . Then y(2) is.
−1
a) 5e
−2
b) 5e
−1
c) 7e
−2
d) 7e

Ans. (b)
Sol. Given, differential equation is

d2 y dy
2
+2 +y =0
dt dt ...(1)
Initial condition is y(0) = 1 and y(1) = 3 e–1

d
=D
Assume dt
So, D2y + 2D + y = 0
Auxiliary equation of (1) is
m2 + 2m + 1 = 0
(m + 1)2 = 0
m = –1, –1
The roots are real and equal, then
Solution of differential equation is.
y = (c1 + c2t) e–t ... (2)
∴ y (0) = 1
then equation 2 is
1 = (c1 + c2 × 0) e0

c1 = 1

and y(t) = 3e–1

then, from equation (2)
3e–1 = (c1 + c2) e–1
3 = c1 + c2

c2 = 2  c 1 = 1
 then solution of equation is
y = (1 + 2t) e–t
y (2) = (1 + 2 × 2) e–2 = 5e–2 Ans.
Hence, right option is (b).

Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 1

Concept : Complex variable Type : MCQ
Sub-concept : Integration Level : Easy
Concept field : Residue theorem Time : 60 sec.

5.
2z + 5
  1 2
dz
( )
C

 z −  z − 4z + 5
The value of the integral  2 over the contour |z| =1, taken in the anti-
clockwise direction, would be
24i
a) 13
48i
b) 13
24
c) 13
12
d) 13

Ans. (b)
Sol. Given,

2z + s
I= 
c  
1 2
 z − 2  (z − 4z + 5)
 
where c is te contour, |z| = 1

 1 2
 z −  (z − 4z + 5) = 0
Singularities are given by  2

1 1
z− =0 z =
1. 2 2
1
z=
2 is pole of order m = 1 lies inside contour c.
−( −4)  (4)2 − 4  5  1
z2 − 4z + 5 = 0  z =
2. 21
4  16 − 20 4  −4
z= =
2 2
4  2i
z= = 2+i
2
So, z = 2 + i is pole of order m = 1 lines outside contour c.
 2z + 5
f (z) =
 1 2
 z − 2  (z − 4z + 5)
Let,  

 
 
 1 2z + 5
Res f (z) = lim  z −  
1   
z=
1 z →  2  z− 1
(z − 4z + 5) 
2
2 2
  
  2 

 2z + 5 
= lim  2 
z →  z − 4z + 5 
1
2

1
2 +5
2 6
= 2
=
 1 1
1 +3
2 − 4  2 + 5 4
 

24
Res f (z) =
z=
1 13
2

According to Residue theorem

 f(z)
c
• dz = 2i[sum of Re sidue]

2z + 5 24
c  
1 2
= 2i 
13
 z − 2  (z − 4z + 5)
 

2z + 5 48 i
c 
1 2
=
13
 z −  (z − 4z + 5)
 2 Ans.
Hence, right option is (b).
Topic: Control System Marks: 1
Concept: Introduction to Control System Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Determination of Transfer Function for Control System Level: Easy
Concept Field: Laplace Transforms Time: 60 secs

6.
𝑌(𝑠) 𝑠
The transfer function of a system is = 𝑠+2. The steady state output 𝑦(𝑡) is A
𝑅(𝑠)

𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑡 + 𝜑) for the input 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑡) . The values of A and 𝜑, respectively are
1
a) , −45∘
√2
1
b) , +45∘
√2

c) √2, −45∘
d) √2, +45∘
Sol. (b)
𝑆
H(s) = 𝑆+2

  
H() =  90 − tan−1  
2 + 4 2

If input is cos2t i.e., 𝜔 = 2

1
H(𝜔) = √2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑡 + 45𝑜 )
1
By composition A = & 𝜑 = 45𝑜
√2
Topic: Control System Marks: 1
Concept: Frequency Response Analysis Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Polar Plots Level: Easy
Concept Field: Gain & Phase wrt frequency Time: 60 secs

7.
100
The phase cross-over frequency of the transfer function 𝐺(𝑆) = (𝑠+1)3 in rad/s is

a) √3
1
b)
√3

c) 3
d) 3√3
Sol. (a)
Phase crossover frequency: - 𝜔𝑝𝑐 : ∠𝐺𝐻 = 𝜔𝑝𝑐 = −180𝑜
∠𝐺𝐻 = −3𝜔𝑝𝑐 ⇒ −180𝑜 = −3 𝜔𝑝𝑐 ⇒ 𝜔𝑝𝑐 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛60𝑜 = √3
Topic: Signals and Systems Marks: 1
Concept: Systems Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Classification of Systems Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Continuous Time Systems Time: 120 secs

8.
Consider a continuous-time system with input 𝑥(𝑡) and output 𝑦(𝑡) given by
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑡)
This system is.
a) linear and time – invariant
b) non – linear and time - invariant
c) linear and time – varying
d) non-linear and time – varying
Sol. (c)
Given
𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
𝑦1 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
𝑦2 (𝑡) = 𝑥2 (𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
𝑦1 (𝑡) + 𝑦2 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 + 𝑥2 (𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
= [𝑥1 (𝑡) + 𝑥2 (𝑡)]𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
If 𝑥1 (𝑡)+ 𝑥2 (𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡)
Then, 𝑦1 (𝑡) + 𝑦2 (𝑡) = 𝑦(𝑡)
Thus, the system is linear.
For Time Invariance
Consider, 𝑦1 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
If 𝑥1 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡 − 𝜏)
Then, 𝑦1 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡 − 𝜏)𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 − (𝑖)
Put 𝑡 → 𝑡 − 𝜏 in system then –
𝑦1 (𝑡 − 𝜏) = 𝑥1 (𝑡 − 𝜏)𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑡 − 𝜏) − (𝑖𝑖)
From Equation (i) & (ii) –
𝑦1 (𝑡) ≠ 𝑦1 (𝑡 − 𝜏)
Thus, the system is time variant.
Topic: Signals and Systems Marks: 1
Concept: Signals Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Some commonly used Mathematical Functions Level: Easy
Concept Field: Unit Impulse Signal Time: 60 secs

9.
+∞
The value of ∫−∞ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝛿(2𝑡 − 2)𝑑𝑡 , where 𝛿(𝑡) is the Dirac delta function, is
1
a) 2𝑒
2
b) 𝑒
1
c) 𝑒2
1
d) 2𝑒 2

Sol. (a)

+∞ +∞
−𝑡
∫ 𝑒 𝛿(2𝑡 − 2)𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝛿2(𝑡 − 1). 𝑑𝑡
−∞ −∞
+∞
1
= ∫ 𝑒 −𝑡 𝛿(𝑡 − 1). 𝑑𝑡
|2| −∞
1
= 2 𝑒 −1
1
= 2𝑒
Topic: EE & ECE Meas. & Inst. Marks: 1
Concept: A/D & D/A Converter Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: A/D Converter Level: Easy
Concept Field: Ramp Type A/D Converter Time: 60 secs

10.
A temperature in the range of −40˚ C to 55˚ C is to be measured with a resolution of
0.1˚ C.
The minimum number of ADC bits required to get a matching dynamic range of the
temperature sensor is
a) 8
b) 10
c) 12
d) 14
Sol. (b)
Given, temperature range of −40𝑜 𝑐 𝑡𝑜 55𝑜 𝑐
So, total range is in 95𝑜 𝑐
∵ The resolution is 0.1𝑜 𝑐
∴ The number of steps will be 950
To have 950 steps we need at least 10 bits
Topic: Digital Electronics Marks: 1
Concept: Combinational Circuits Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: MUX & DEMUX Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

11.
Consider the following circuit which uses a 2-to-1 multiplexer as shown in the figure
below. The Boolean expression for output F in terms of A and B is

a) A  B

b) A + B
c) A + B

d) A  B
Sol. (d)

F = AB + AB
Topic: Analog Electronics Marks: 1
Concept: Transistor Char. & Biasing Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Biasing Circuits Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Voltage Divider Bias or Self Bias Time: 120 secs

12.
A transistor circuit is given below. The Zener diode breakdown voltage is 5.3 V as
shown.
Take base to emitter voltage drop to be 0.6 V. The value of the current gain β is
_________.

Sol. 19 ( 18 – 20 )

𝑉𝐵 = 5.3𝑉
𝑉𝐵𝐸 = 0.6𝑉
𝑉𝐸 = 5.3 − 0.6𝑉 = 4.7𝑉
𝑉𝐸
𝐼𝐸 = 𝐴 = 10𝑚𝐴
470
10−5.3
𝐼= = 1𝑚𝐴
4.7𝐾
𝐼𝐵 = 1𝑚𝐴 − 0.5𝑚𝐴 = 0.5𝑚𝐴
𝐼𝐸
𝛽+1= = 20
𝐼𝐵

𝛽 = 19
Topic : Electromagnetic Theory Marks : 1
Concept : Electrostatics Type : MCQ
Sub-concept : Electric Field Intensity Level : Easy
Concept Field : Time : 60 secs

13.
In cylindrical coordinate system, the potential produced by a uniform ring charge is
given by 𝜑 = 𝑓(𝑟, 𝑧) where f is a continuous function of r and z. Let 𝐸⃗ be the resulting
electric field. Then the magnitude of 𝛻 × ⃗⃗𝐸.
a) Increases with r.
b) Is 0.
c) Is 3.
d) Decreases with z.

Sol: (b)
Since, uniform charged ring is given. It can be considered as static. A static electric
charge produces an electric field for which
𝛻 × ⃗⃗𝐸 = 0
And conservation theorem says that equipotential surface have zero work on them.
⃗⃗ = 0 → Irrotational (static)
𝛻×𝐸

Topic: Electromagnetic Theory Marks: 1

Concept: Magnetostatics Field Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Magnetic Flux Density Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

14.
A soft-iron toroid is concentric with a long straight conductor carrying a direct current
I. If the relative permeability µr of soft-iron is 100, the ratio of the magnetic flux
densities at two adjacent points located just inside and just outside the toroid, is
_______.
Sol: (100) ( 99 -101)
 𝜇𝐼
𝐵 = 2𝜋𝑟

I = current through conductor

0 rI
r− =
B at 2r− wb/m2.

𝜇 𝐼
B at 𝑟 + = 2𝜋𝑟
𝑜
+ wb/m .
2

𝐵𝑟+
Ratio 𝐵𝑟−
= 𝜇𝑟 = 100

Topic: Network Theory Marks: 1

Concept: Circuit Analysis Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Equivalent Resistance Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

15.
RA and RB are the input resistances of circuits as shown below. The circuits extend
infinitely in the direction shown. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

a) 𝑅𝐴 = 𝑅𝐵
 b) 𝑅𝐴 = 𝑅𝐵 = 0
c) 𝑅𝐴 < 𝑅𝐵
d) 𝑅𝐵 = 𝑅𝐴 /(1 + 𝑅𝐴 )
Sol: - (d)
If the equivalent resistance of first circuit is RA then from second circuit.

𝑅𝐵 = 1 || 𝑅𝐴
𝑅𝐴 × 1
𝑅𝐵 =
1 + 𝑅𝐴
RA
RB =
1+ R A

Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 1

Concept: Induction Motor Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Speed Control of Induction Motor Level: Easy
Concept Field: V/F Control Scheme Time: 60 secs

16.
In a constant V/f induction motor drive, the slip at the maximum torque
a) is directly proportional to the synchronous speed.
b) remains constant with respect to the synchronous speed.
c) has an inverse relation with the synchronous speed.
d) has no relation with the synchronous speed.
Sol: - (c)
𝑅
𝑆𝑚 = 𝑋2
2

𝑋2 ∝ 𝑓, 𝑁𝑠 ∝ 𝑓
1
⇒ 𝑆𝑚 ∝
𝑁𝑠
Topic: Network Theory Marks: 1
Concept: Circuit Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Power Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

17.
In the portion of a circuit shown, if the heat generated in 5 Ω resistance is 10 calories
per second, then heat generated by the 4 Ω resistance, in calories per second, is
_______.

Sol: - (2.0) ( 1.9 – 2.1)

(2𝐼)2 × 5 = 10
4𝐼 2 × 5 = 10
2
𝐼2 =
4
⇒ 𝐼2 = 0.5
Heat generated in 4Ω resistance is :
P= I2 × 4 = 0.5×4 = 2
Topic: Network Theory Marks: 1
Concept: Mesh & Nodal Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Nodal Analysis Level: Easy
Concept Field: Calculation of Current/Voltage in a Branch Time: 60 secs

18.
In the given circuit, the current supplied by the battery, in ampere, is _______.

Sol:- (0.5)

Apply KCL at node A,

−𝐼1 + 𝐼2 + 𝐼2 = 0
2𝐼2 = 𝐼1 …………(i)
Applying KVL in loop ABCD.
1 − 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 − 𝐼2 = 0
𝐼1 + 2𝐼2 = 1 ………………..(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii)
2 𝐼2 + 2 𝐼2 = 1
4𝐼2 = 1
1
𝐼2 =
4
1 1
𝐼1 = 2𝐼2 = 2 × =
4 2
1
𝐼1 =
2
Topic: Power System Marks: 1
Concept: Load Flow Analysis Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Static Load Flow Equations Level: Easy
Concept Field: Newton Raphson Method Time: 60 secs

19.
In a 100-bus power system, there are 10 generators. In a particular iteration of Newton
Raphson load flow technique (in polar coordinates), two of the PV buses are converted
to PQ type. In this iteration,
a) the number of unknown voltage angles increases by two and the number of unknown
voltage magnitudes increases by two.
b) the number of unknown voltage angles remains unchanged, and the number of
unknown voltage magnitudes increases by two.
c) the number of unknown voltage angles increases by two and the number of unknown
voltage magnitudes decreases by two.
d) the number of unknown voltage angles remains unchanged, and the number of
unknown voltage magnitudes decreases by two.

Sol: - (b)
The number of unknown voltage angles remain unchanged & the number of unknown
voltage magnitudes increases by two.

Total no. of Buses = 100

Generator Buses = 10
∴ Load buses = 100 – 10 = 90
Slack Bus = 1
If 2 of the PV buses are converted to PQ type, the no. of unknown voltage magnitudes
increases by 2 with constant unknown voltage angles.
Topic: Power System Marks: 1
Concept: Symmetrical Fault Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: 3 – phase fault Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

20.
The magnitude of three-phase fault currents at buses A and B of a power system are 10
pu and 8 pu, respectively. Neglect all resistances in the system and consider the pre-
fault system to be unloaded. The pre-fault voltage at all buses in the system is 1.0 pu.
The voltage magnitude at bus B during a three-phase fault at bus A is 0.8 pu. The
voltage magnitude at bus A during a three-phase fault at bus B, in pu, is ________.

Sol: - (0.84) (0.83 – 0.85)

Voltage at Ith bus when fault is at kth bus is given by:-

𝑍𝑖𝑘 𝑉𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡
𝑉𝑡 = 𝐸 [ 1 − ] 𝐼𝑓 =
𝑍𝑘𝑘+ 𝑍𝑓 𝑋𝑝.𝑢

10 = 1 xA = 0.1P  U
Xn
1
8= X = 0.125P.U
Xn B
𝑍
𝑉𝐵 = 𝐸 [1 − 𝑍𝐴𝐵 ]
𝐴𝐴

𝑍𝐴𝐵
0.8 = 1 [1 − ] ⇒ 𝑍𝐴𝐵 = 0.02
0.1
𝑍𝐴𝐵 0.02
𝑉𝐴 = [1 − ] = [1 − ] = 0.84 𝑝𝑢
𝑍𝐵𝐵 0.125
Topic: Power System Marks: 1
Concept: Model & Perf. Of Trans. Line Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Power Flow Through Transmission Line Level: Easy
Concept Field: Voltage Profile in Transmission Line Time: 60 secs

21.
Consider a system consisting of a synchronous generator working at a lagging power
factor, a synchronous motor working at an overexcited condition and a directly grid-
connected induction generator. Consider capacitive VAr to be a source and inductive
VAr to be a sink of reactive power. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?
a) Synchronous motor and synchronous generator are sources and induction generator
is a sink of reactive power.
b) Synchronous motor and induction generator are sources and synchronous generator
is a sink of reactive power.
c) Synchronous motor is a source and induction generator, and synchronous generator
are sinks of reactive power.
d) All are sources of reactive power

Sol:- (a)
Synchronous generator with lagging PF ⇒ supply P and Q synchronous motor with
over-excitation ⇒ Supply Q induction generator ⇒ Absorbs Q.
Topic: Power Electronics Marks: 1
Concept: Choppers Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Step – Up Choppers Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

22.
A buck converter, as shown in Figure (a) below, is working in steady state. The output
voltage and the inductor current can be assumed to be ripple free. Figure (b) shows the
inductor voltage 𝑉𝐿 during a complete switching interval. Assuming all devices are ideal,
the duty cycle of the buck converter is ________.

Sol:- (0.4) ( 0.39 – 0.31)

When M is On, 𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉0
∴ 𝑉𝐿 = 30 = 𝑉𝑆 − 𝑉0
When M is off, 𝑉𝐿 = −𝑉0 ⇒ −20 = −𝑉0 ⇒ 𝑉0 ⇒ 𝑉0 = 2𝑂
∴ 30 = 𝑉𝑆 − 20 ⇒ 𝑉𝑆 = 50𝑉
𝑉0 2
𝐷= = = 0.4
𝑉𝑆 5
Topic: Power Electronics Marks: 1
Concept: Power Electronics Devices Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR) Level: Easy
Concept Field: Static V-I Characteristics of Thyristor Time: 60 secs

23.
A steady dc current of 100 A is flowing through a power module (S, D) as shown in
Figure (a). The V-I characteristics of the IGBT (S) and the diode (D) are shown in Figures
(b) and (c), respectively. The conduction power loss in the power module (S, D), in
watts, is ________.

Sol: - 170W ( 169-171)

As no current flows through IGBT, so current flows only in diode.
The conduction power loss = 𝑉𝑡 𝐼𝑎𝑣 + 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
2
𝑅𝑜𝑛
= 0.7 × 100 + 1002 × 0.01 = 170𝑊
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 1
Concept: DC Machines Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: DC Motor Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

24.
A 4-pole, lap-connected, separately excited dc motor is drawing a steady current of 40
A while running at 600 rpm. A good approximation for the waveshape of the current in
an armature conductor of the motor is given by

Sol: - (c)

No. of parallel paths = 4.

40
Armature current /conductor = = 10𝐴.
4

For linear commutation, the change from + 10A to – 10A is a straight line.
N = 600 rpm. Time for 1 revolution = 0.1 sec.
0.1
For 1 pole-pitch, 𝑡 = = 0.025 = 25𝑚𝑠
4

Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 1

Concept: Transformer Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Ideal Transformer Level: Easy
Concept Field: Properties Time: 60 secs

25.
If an ideal transformer has an inductive load element at port 2 as shown in the figure
below, the equivalent inductance at port 1 is

a) 𝑛𝐿
b) 𝑛2 𝐿
𝑛
c) 𝐿
𝑛2
d) 𝐿

Sol: - b

At port 1 i.e. high voltage side impedance will be high and current will be low.
So, 𝑛2 𝐿
𝑛2 𝐿
Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 2
Concept : Probability and distribution Type : NAT
Sub-concept : Basic of probability Level : Easy
Concept field : Total probability Time : 60 sec.
26.
Candidates were asked to come to an interview with 3 pens each. Black, blue, green and
red were the permitted pen colours that the candidate could bring. The probability that
a candidate comes with all 3 pens having the same colour is .
Ans. (0.2 to 0.2)
Sol. The number of ways of selecting 3 pen of same colour is

4
C1 = 4

The number of ways of selecting 3 pens of two different colour

= C2  (1+ 1) = 6  2 = 12
4

The number of ways of selecting 3 pens of three different colour = C3  1 = 4

4

Total number of ways = 4 + 12 + 4 = 20

Favourable cases = 4

4 1
P(E) = = = 0.2
20 5 Ans.
Hence, the probability is (0.2 to 0.2)
Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 2
Concept : Calculus Type : NAT
Sub-concept : Series Level : Moderate
Concept field : Infinite Time : 60 sec.
27.
Let 𝑆 = ∑∞
𝑛=0 𝑛 𝛼 𝑛 where |𝛼| < 1. The value of 𝛼 in the range 0 < 𝛼 < 1, such that 𝑆 = 2𝛼
is _______.

Ans. (0.28 to 0.31)

Sol. Given that

s= n
n =0
n
: where |  |  1

And also given s = 2α



n n
= 2
⇒ n =0

 + 2  2 + 3 3 + +  = 2

[1+ 2 + 33 + + ] = 2

(1− )−2 = 2 [ It is AGP series]

(1− )−2 = 2

1
 = 1−
2
α = 0.293 Ans.
Hence, the value of α is [0.28 to 0.31]
Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 2
Concept : Linear algebra Type : MCQ
Sub-concept : Eigen values and vectors Level : Moderate
Concept field : Properties of eigen values and vectors Time : 120 sec.

28.
Let the eigenvalues of a 2 x 2 matrix A be 1, -2 with eigenvectors x1 and x2 respectively.
Then the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix A2 – 3A + 3I would, respectively,
be

a) 2,14;x1,x2
b) 2,14;x1 + x2 ,x1 − x2
c) 2,0;x1,x2
d) 2,0;x1 + x2 ,x1 − x2

Ans. (a)
Sol. Given that A is a 2 × 2 matrix
And the eigen values are of A are 1, –2
Let Eigen values λ1 = 1 and λ2 = –2
The Eigen vectors of A are x1 and x2 corresponding to the eigen values λ1 = 1 and λ2 = –2
respectively.
∴ The eigen values of A2 – 3A + 4I are

 21 − 3 1 + 4 and  22 − 3 2 + 4

So, (1)2 – 3 × 1 + 4 and (–2)2 –3(–2) + 4

1–3+4 and 4+6+4
2 and 14
Also, we know that A and a matrix polynomial f(A) will have same eigen vectors.
Hence, the eigen values and their corresponding eigen vectors of A2 – 3A + 4I are 2, 14, x1 and
x2 respectively.
Hence, right option is (a).
Topic : Engineering Mathematics Marks : 2
Concept : Linear algebra Type : MCQ
Sub-concept : Solution of system Level : Easy
Concept field : Rank of matrix Time : 60 sec.

29.
Let A be a 4 × 3 real matrix with rank 2. Which one of the following statements is
TRUE?
a) Rank of AT Ais less than 2.
b) Rank of AT A is equal to 2.
c) Rank of AT A is greater than 2.
d) Rank of AT A can be any number between 1 and 3.

Ans. (b)
Sol. Given that A is a 4 × 3 real matrix with rank 2
ρ(A) = 2
As know that ρ(A) = ρ(AT) = 2
We also know that ρ(A AT) < min (ρ(AT). ρ(A)
ρ(AT A) < 2
Also, ATA is a real symmetric matrix with 2 linearly independent rows / columns.
ρ(ATA) < 2
⇒ Rank of AAT = Rank of ATA = Rank of A = 2
Hence, right option is (b).
Topic: Control System Marks: 2
Concept: Frequency Response Analysis Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Bode Plot Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Magnetic Plot Time: 120 secs

30.
Consider the following asymptotic Bode magnitude plot (ω is in rad/s).

Which one of the following transfer functions is best represented by the above Bode
magnitude plot?
2𝑠
a) (1+0.5𝑠)(1+0.25𝑠)2
4(1+0.5𝑠)
b) 𝑠(1+0.25𝑠)
2𝑆
c) (1+2𝑠)(1+4𝑠)
4𝑠
d) (1+2𝑠)(1+4𝑠)2

Sol: - (a)
 𝑑𝐵
∴ The Starting slope is + 20 𝑑𝑒𝑐 therefore, there is one zero at origin.

∴ There is a decrement of 20dB/dec at 𝜔1, so there is one pole at 𝜔1 .

∴ There is a decrement of 40dB/dec at 𝜔2 , so there is two poles at 𝜔2 .

At 𝜔 = 0.5 At 𝜔 = 8
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
⇒ 0 = 20𝑙𝑜𝑔 0.5 + 𝐶 ⇒ 0 = 40𝑙𝑜𝑔 8 + 𝐶
⇒𝐶=6 ⇒ 𝐶 = 36
At 𝜔 = 𝜔1 At 𝜔 = 𝜔2
⇒ 12 = 20𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝜔1 + 6 ⇒ 12 = −40𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝜔2

2rad
 1 = 4𝑟𝑎𝑑
s ⇒ 𝜔2 = 𝑠

To Find K
20 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝐾 = 6 ⇒ 𝐾 = 2
So, the transfer function is
𝐾. 𝑠
𝐺(𝑠) =
(1 + 𝑠 𝑇1 )(1 + 𝑠𝑇1 )2
2𝑠
𝐺(𝑠) =
1 1 2
(1 + 𝑠 2) (1 + 𝑠 4)
2𝑠
=
(1 + 0.5𝑠)(1 + 0.25𝑠)2
Topic: Control System Marks: 2
Concept: State Space Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Solution of State Equations Level: Easy
Concept Field: State Space Model of T.F. Time: 60 secs

31.
Consider the following state-space representation of a linear time-invariant system.
𝑥̇ (𝑡) = [1 0 0 2 ]𝑥(𝑡), 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑐 𝑇 𝑥(𝑡), 𝑐 = [1 1 ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥(0) = [1 1 ]
The value of 𝑦(𝑡) for 𝑡 = 2 is .

Sol: - (6) ( 5.9 – 6.1)

Given 𝑥̇ (𝑡) = [1 0 0 2 ]𝑥(𝑡), 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑐 𝑇 𝑥(𝑡), 𝑐 = [1 1 ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥(0) = [1 1 ]
𝐴 = [1 0 0 2 ], 𝑥(𝑡) = [𝐿−1 (𝑠𝐼 − 𝐴)−1 ]𝑥(0)
𝑠𝐼 − 𝐴 = [𝑠 0 0 𝑠 ] − [1 0 0 2 ] = [𝑠 − 1 00 𝑠−2]
1
(𝑠𝐼 − 𝐴)−1 = [𝑠 − 2 00 𝑠−1]
(𝑠−1)(𝑠−2)

𝐿−1 (𝑠𝐼 − 𝐴)−1 = 𝐿−1 [1/(𝑠 − 1) 00 1/(𝑠 − 2) ] = [𝑒 𝑡 00 𝑒 2𝑡 ]

2𝑡 ] 2𝑡
𝑥(𝑡) = [𝑒 𝑡 00 𝑒 𝑥(0) = [𝑒 𝑡
0 0 𝑒 ][1 1 ]
𝑡
𝑒
𝑥(𝑡) = [ 2𝑡 ]
𝑒
𝑒𝑡
𝑦(𝑡) = [1 1]1 × 2 [ 2𝑡 ]
𝑒
= 1 × 𝑒 𝑡 + 1 × 𝑒 2𝑡 = 𝑒 𝑡 + 𝑒 2𝑡
2 2
𝑦(𝑡)|𝑡=𝑙𝑜𝑔2 = 𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑒 + 𝑒 2𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑒
⇒ 𝑦(𝑡) = 2 + 4 = 6

Topic: Control System Marks: 2

Concept: Frequency Response Analysis Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Nyquist Stability Criterion Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Nyquist Contour Time: 120 secs

32.
𝑠+3
Loop transfer function of a feedback system is 𝐺(𝑠)𝐻(𝑠) = 𝑠2 (𝑠−3). Take the Nyquist

contour in the clockwise direction. Then, the Nyquist plot of G(s)H (s) encircles −1 + 𝑗0
a) once in clockwise direction
b) twice in clockwise direction
c) once in anticlockwise direction
d) twice in anticlockwise direction

Sol: - (a)
s+ 3
G(s) H (s) =
s (s − 3)
2

Characteristic equation is 1+G(s)H(s) = 0

s+ 3
1+ =0
s2 (s − 3)

s3 − 3s2 + s + 3 = 0

Using Routh Hurwitz,

s3 1 1
s2
−3 3
1
s 2
0
s 3

Two sign changes, so system is unstable and two poles lie in right half of s-plane
∴Z=2
Topic: Control System Marks: 2
Concept: Stability Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Routh – Hurwitz Criterion Level: Easy
Concept Field: Various Causes of Stability Time: 60 secs

33.
Given the following polynomial equation 𝑠 3 + 5.5𝑠 2 + 8.5𝑠 + 3 = 0, the number of roots of
the polynomial, which have real parts strictly less than −1, is ________ .

Sol:- (2)
Given
𝑠 3 + 5.5𝑠 2 + 8.5𝑠 + 3 = 0,
Here, s= 𝑠1 − 1
∴ (𝑠1 − 1)3 + 5.5(𝑠1 − 2)2 + 8.5 (𝑠1 − 1) + 3 = 0
 s31 + 2.5s21 + 0.5s1 − 1 = 0
Routh Table
𝑠13 1 0.5
𝑠12 2.5 -1
𝑠11 0.9 0
𝑠10 -1

In Routh table, there is only one sign change. Hence, two roots of given polynomial will
lie to the left of s = - 1.
Topic: Signals and Systems Marks: 2
Concept: Fourier Transform Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Properties of Fourier Transform Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Time: 120 secs

34.
Suppose 𝑥1 (𝑡) and 𝑥2 (𝑡) have the Fourier transforms as shown below.

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

a) 𝑥1 (𝑡) and 𝑥2 (𝑡) are complex and 𝑥1 (𝑡) 𝑥2 (𝑡) is also complex with nonzero imaginary
part
b) 𝑥1 (𝑡) and 𝑥2 (𝑡) are real and 𝑥1 (𝑡) 𝑥2 (𝑡)is also real
c) 𝑥1 (𝑡) and 𝑥2 (𝑡) are complex but 𝑥1 (𝑡) 𝑥2 (𝑡) is real
d) 𝑥1 (𝑡) and 𝑥2 (𝑡) are imaginary but 𝑥1 (𝑡) 𝑥2 (𝑡) is real
Sol: - (c)
From figures given we can say:-
* 𝑋1 (𝜔)&𝑋2 (𝜔)are real
* 𝑋2 (𝜔) = 𝑋1 (−𝜔).

Now,
# Duality Property
Time domain ⟷ freq. domain
Real ⟷ complex (conjugate symmetry)
1
For 𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑢(𝑡) ⟷ 𝑎+𝑗𝜔

Now if frequency domain is real then time domain will be complex (conjugate
symmetry)
Option (B) and (D) are eliminated.
Now time reversal property
[𝑖𝑓 𝑥(𝑡) ⟷ × (𝜔) 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥(−𝑡) ⟷× (−𝜔) ]
Hence
𝑥2 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (−𝑡)……………(i)
𝑥2 (𝜔) = 𝑥1 (−𝜔)

As they are conjugate symmetry (time domain):

𝑥(−𝑡) = 𝑥 ∗(𝑡)
Now
𝑥1 (𝑡). 𝑥2 (𝑡)
𝑥1 (𝑡). 𝑥1 (−𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡)𝑥1∗ (𝑡)
The product of a complex with a complex will always be real.
(e.g.) (𝑎 + 𝑗 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑗 𝑏) = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
Hence
𝑥1 (𝑡). 𝑥2 (𝑡) = 𝑥1 (𝑡)𝑥1∗ (𝑡) = real
Topic: Signals and Systems Marks: 2
Concept: Systems Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Classification of Systems Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Time Invariant & Time Varying Systems Time: 120 secs

35.
The output of a continuous-time, linear time-invariant system is denoted by 𝑇{𝑥(𝑡)}
where 𝑥(𝑡) is the input signal. A signal 𝑧(𝑡) is called eigen-signal of the system T , when
𝑇{𝑧(𝑡)} = 𝛾𝑧(𝑡) where 𝛾 is a complex number, in general, and is called an eigenvalue of T.
Suppose the impulse response of the system T is real and even. Which of the following
statements is TRUE?
a) cos(𝑡) is an eigen-signal but sin(𝑡) is not
b) cos(𝑡) and sin(𝑡) are both eigen-signals but with different eigenvalues
c) sin (𝑡) is an eigen-signal but cos(𝑡) is not
d) cos (𝑡) and sin(𝑡) are both eigen-signals with identical eigenvalues
Sol: - (d)

Given that impulse response is real & even. Thus, 𝐻(𝜔) will also be real & even.

𝐻(𝑗𝜔𝑜) = 𝐻(−𝑗𝜔𝑜)
𝑒 𝑗𝑡 +𝑒 −𝑗𝑡
Now 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 = is input
2
𝐻(𝑗𝑡)+𝐻(−𝑗𝑡)𝑒 −𝑗𝑡
Output will be : 2
𝑒 𝑗𝑡 +𝑒 −𝑗𝑡
= 𝐻(𝑗1) [ ] = 𝐻(𝑗1) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡
2

𝑒 𝑗𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑗𝑡
If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 = is input, then.
2𝑗

𝑒 +𝑗𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑗𝑡
Output will be = 𝐻(𝑗1) [ ] = 𝐻(𝑗1)𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡
2𝑗

So, 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 & 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 are eigen signals with same eigen values.
Topic: Digital Electronics Marks: 2
Concept: Sequential Circuits Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Latches & Flip - Flops Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

36.
The current state QA QB of a two JK flip-flop system is 00. Assume that the clock rise-
time is much smaller than the delay of the JK flip-flop. The next state of the system is

a) 00
b) 01
c) 11
d) 10

Sol: - (c)

Q A+ = JQ A + KQ A = Q A

Q B+ = Q A Q B + Q A Q B = Q A

𝑄𝐴 𝑄𝐵 𝑄𝐴+ 𝑄𝐵+
0 0 1 1
Topic: Digital Electronics Marks: 2
Concept: Data Converters Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: ADC & DAC Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

37.
A 2-bit flash Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is given below. The input is 0 ≤ V IN ≤ 3
Volts. The expression for the LSB of the output B0 as a Boolean function of X2, X1, and X0
is.

a) 𝑋0 [𝑋2 ⊕ 𝑋1 ]

b) 𝑋0 [𝑋2 ⊕ 𝑋1 ]

c) 𝑋0 [𝑋2 ⊕ 𝑋1 ]
d) 𝑋0 [𝑋2 ⊕ 𝑋1 ]
Sol: - (a)

𝑋2 𝑋1 𝑋0 𝐵1 𝐵0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1

𝐵0 = 𝑋2 𝑋1 𝑋0 + 𝑋2 𝑋1 , 𝑋0

⇒ 𝐵0 = 𝑋0 [𝑋 2 ⊕ 𝑋1 ]

Topic: Electromagnetic Theory Marks: 2

Concept: Electrostatics Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Electric Potential Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

38.
Two electric charges q and −2q are placed at (0,0) and (6,0) on the x-y plane. The
equation of the zero equipotential curve in the x-y plane is
a) 𝑥 = −2
b) 𝑦 = 2
c) 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 2
d) (𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝑦 2 = 16
Sol: - (d)

𝑟1 = √(𝑥 − 0)2 + (𝑦 − 0)2

𝑟2 = √(𝑥 − 6)2 + (𝑦 − 0)2
𝑞 −2𝑞
𝑉𝑃1 = 𝑉𝑃2 =
4𝜋 ∈𝑜 𝑟1 4𝜋 ∈𝑜 𝑟2
𝑉𝑃1 = 𝑉𝑃2
𝑞 −2𝑞
=
4𝜋 ∈𝑜 𝑟1 4𝜋 ∈𝑜 𝑟2
1 −2
=
√𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 √(𝑥 − 6)2 + 𝑦 2
(𝑥 − 6)2 + 𝑦 2 = 4(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )
⇒ 𝑥2 = 36 − 12𝑥 𝑦2 = 4𝑥2 + 4𝑦2
 ⇒ (𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝑦2 = 16.

Topic: Network Theory Marks: 2

Concept: Transient Response Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Initial Conditions in Network Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Time: 120 secs

39.
In the circuit shown, switch 𝑆2 has been closed for a long time. At time 𝑡 = 0 switch 𝑆1
is closed. At 𝑡 = 0+ , the rate of change of current through the inductor, in amperes per
second, is _____.

Sol: - 2A/sec ( 1.9- 2.1)

At 𝑡 = 0−

At 𝑡 = 0+

KCL at node A,
𝑉𝐴 − 3 3 𝑉𝐴 − 3
+ + =0
1 2 2
2(𝑉𝐴 − 3) + 3 + (𝑉𝐴 − 3) = 0
𝑉𝐴 = 2
+)
𝑑𝑖(0 2
= = 2𝐴/𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑑𝑡 1
𝑑𝑖(0+ )
=2A/sec
𝑑𝑡
Topic: Power System Marks: 2
Concept: Model & Perf. Of Trans. Line Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Power Flow Through Transmission Line Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Reactive Power of Shunt Reactor & Shunt Capacitor Time: 120 secs

40.
A three-phase cable is supplying 800 kW and 600 kVAr to an inductive load. It is
intended to supply an additional resistive load of 100 kW through the same cable
without increasing the heat dissipation in the cable, by providing a three-phase bank of
capacitors connected in star across the load. Given the line voltage is 3.3 kV, 50 Hz, the
capacitance per phase of the bank, expressed in microfarads, is ________.

Sol: - (48)
Initial load = (800 + 𝑗600)
Load with compensation = (900 + 𝑗600 + compensation) = 900+ jx
= 8002 + 6002 = 9002 + 𝑥 2
𝑥 = √1900 = 435.889
Require reactive power = 435.889 𝐾𝑉𝐴𝑟
After compensation,
⇒ 600 − 435.889 = 164.11 𝑘𝑉𝐴𝑟
164.11
∴ 𝑄𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑘 /𝑃ℎ = = 54.7𝐾𝑉𝐴𝑟
3
3.3
𝑉/𝑃ℎ = = 1.9052𝑘𝑉.
√3

𝑄𝑐 /𝑃ℎ = (𝑉/𝑃ℎ)2/𝑋𝐶
1
=
2𝜋 × 50 × 66.36
𝐶 = 47.96 𝜇𝐹.
Topic: Power System Marks: 2
Concept: Unsymmetrical Fault Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Double Line to Ground Fault or LLG Fault Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

41.
A 30 MVA, 3-phase, 50 Hz, 13.8 kV, star-connected synchronous generator has positive,
negative and zero sequence reactances, 15%, 15% and 5% respectively. A reactance (Xn)
is connected between the neutral of the generator and ground. A double line to ground
fault takes place involving phases ‘b’ and ‘c’, with a fault impedance of j0.1 p.u. The
value of Xn (in p.u.) that will limit the positive sequence generator current to 4270 A is
_________.
Sol: - (1.1) (1.05 – 1.15)
All the quantities are given in 𝑝𝑢
4270
Positive sequence current in 𝑝𝑢 = 𝐼𝐵

30 × 103
𝐼𝐵 = = 1255.109𝐴.
√3 × 1.8
4270
Current in 𝑝𝑢 = 1255.109 = 3.4 𝑝𝑢

1
Positive sequence current = 𝑋 = 3.4
𝑒𝑞

1
𝑥𝑒𝑞 = = 0.2941 𝑝𝑢
3.4
0.15(0.35 + 3 𝑋𝑛 )
0.15 + = 0.2941
3 𝑋𝑛 + 0.5
0.15(0.35 + 3 𝑋𝑛 )
= 0.1441
3𝑋𝑛 + 0.5
0.0525 + 0.45 𝑋𝑛 = 0.4323 𝑋𝑛 + 0.07205
0.0177 𝑋𝑛 = 0.01955
𝑋𝑛 = 1.104 𝑝𝑢
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 2
Concept: Transformer Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Three Phase Connection Level: Easy
Concept Field: Delta - Star Time: 60 secs

42.
If the star side of the star-delta transformer shown in the figure is excited by a
negative sequence voltage, then

a) 𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑦 60∘

b) 𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑦 60∘
c) 𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑦 30∘
d) 𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑦 30∘
Sol: - (d)
In power system, according to negative sequence of phasors.

𝑉𝐴𝐵 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑠 𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑦 30∘

Hence, 𝑉𝐴𝐵 lags 𝑉𝑎𝑏 by 30𝑜
Topic: Power Electronics Marks: 2
Concept: Phase Controlled Rectifiers Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Single Phase FW Rectifier Level: Easy
Concept Field: Single Phase Full Wave Circuit with RL load Time: 60 secs

43.
A single-phase thyristor-bridge rectifier is fed from a 230 V, 50 Hz, single-phase AC
mains. If it is delivering a constant DC current of 10 A, at firing angle of 30o , then value
of the power factor at AC mains is
a) 0.87
b) 0.9
c) 0.78
d) 0.45
Sol: - (c)
𝐼𝑜 = 10𝐴 (Average output current) at firing angle 𝛼 = 30𝑜
Power factor on AC side = Distortion factor (g) × fundamental displacement factor
(FDF)
2√2
⇒ 𝑃𝐹𝐴𝐶 = 𝑔 × 𝐹𝐷𝐹 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼
𝜋
2√2
𝑃𝐹𝐴𝐶 = × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 30𝑜 = 0.779 ≅ 0.78
𝜋
Topic: Power Electronics Mark: 2
Concept: Inverters Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Voltage Control in Single – Phase Inverters Level: Easy
Concept Field: Single Pulse Modulation Time: 60 secs

44.
The switches T1 and T2 in Figure (a) are switched in a complementary fashion with
sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique. The modulating voltage 𝑣𝑚 (𝑡) =
0.8𝑠𝑖𝑛 (200𝜋𝑡) V and the triangular carrier voltage (𝑣𝑐 ) are as shown in Figure (b). The
carrier frequency is 5 kHz. The peak value of the 100 Hz component of the load
current (𝑖𝐿 ), in ampere, is ________ .

Sol: - (10) ( 9.9 – 10.1)

^
𝑉𝑚 0.8
Modulation index, 𝑚𝑎 = = = 0.8
𝑉𝑒^ 1

Amplitude of the fundamental output voltage.

^
𝑉𝐷𝐶
(𝑉𝐴𝑜 )1 = 𝑚𝑎 ×
= 0.8 × 250 = 200𝑉
2
𝜔𝑓 = 200𝜋 ∶→ fundamental component frequency = 100Hz

Load impedance at 100 Hz frequency.

𝑍1 = √𝑅 2 + 𝑋 2
= √122 + 162 = 20𝛺
^
^
𝑉𝐴𝑜1 200
𝐼𝑢 = = = 10𝐴.
𝑍1 20
Topic: Power Electronics Marks: 2
Concept: Power Electronics Devices Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Silicon Controlled Rectifiers Level: Easy
Concept Field: Static V-I Characteristics of Thyristor Time: 60 secs

45.
The voltage (𝑣𝑠 ) across and the current (𝑖𝑠 ) through a semiconductor switch during a
turn-ON transition are shown in figure. The energy dissipated during the turn-ON
transition, in mJ, is _______.

Sol: - Ans (75)

Energy =
𝑇1 𝑇2
∫ 𝑖𝑉 ∙ 𝑑𝑡 + ∫ 𝑖𝑉 ∙ 𝑑𝑡.
0 0
1 1
= 𝑉 [2 𝐼 𝑇1 ]+ 𝐼 [2 𝑉 𝑇2 ]
150 600
= 600 [ × 1 × 10−6 ]+ 100 [ × 1 × 10−6 ]+
2 2
1
= 100 [ × 600 × 1 × 10−6 ]
2
= 75mJ
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 2
Concept: Transformer Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Transformer Operation Level: Easy
Concept Field: Transformer Losses Time: 60 secs

46.
A single-phase 400 V, 50 Hz transformer has an iron loss of 5000 W at the rated
condition. When operated at 200 V, 25 Hz, the iron loss is 2000 W. When operated at
416 V, 52 Hz, the value of the hysteresis loss divided by the eddy current loss is ______.
Sol: - (1.442) (1.4 – 1.5)
𝑣 400 200
= = = 8 = constant.
𝑓 50 25

So, 𝑃 = 𝐴𝑓 + 𝐵𝑓 2
5000 = 50𝐴 + 2500𝐵
2000 = 25𝐴 + 625𝐵l
=> 𝐵 = 0.8
& 𝐴 = 60
𝑣 416
𝑃𝑖 = 60 × 52 + 0.8 × (52)2 { = = 8}
𝑓 52

⇒ 𝑃𝑖 = 2163 + 3120
⇒ 𝑃𝑖 = 5283
𝑃ℎ = 𝐻𝑦𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 = 𝐴𝑓 = 60 × 52
𝑃𝑒 = 𝐸𝑑𝑑𝑦 = 𝐵𝑓 2 = 0.8 × (52)2
𝑃ℎ 3120
= = 1.442
𝑃𝑒 2163
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 2
Concept: DC Machine Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

47.
A DC shunt generator delivers 45 A at a terminal voltage of 220 V. The armature and
the shunt field resistances are 0.01 Ω and 44 Ω respectively. The stray losses are 375 W.
The percentage efficiency of the DC generator is ____________.
Sol:- (86.84%) ( 86 %– 88 % )

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 220 × 45 = 9900𝑊

220
𝐼𝑓 = = 5𝐴
4.4
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑓 = 50𝐴
Armature losses = 𝐼𝑎 𝑟𝑎 = (50) × 0.01 = 25𝑊
2 2

Field losses = 𝐼𝑓2 𝑟𝑓 = 52 × 44 = 1100𝑊

Stray losses = 375𝑊.
Total losses = 1500𝑊.
9900
%𝜂 = × 100 = 86.84%
11400
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 2
Concept: Synchronous Machines Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Salient Pole Synchronous Machine Level: Moderate
Concept Field: Concept of Reluctance Torque Motor Time: 120 secs

48.
A three-phase, 50 Hz salient-pole synchronous motor has a per-phase direct-axis
reactance (Xd) of 0.8 pu and a per-phase quadrature-axis reactance (Xq) of 0.6 pu.
Resistance of the machine is negligible. It is drawing full-load current at 0.8 pf
(leading). When the terminal voltage is 1 pu, per-phase induced voltage, in pu, is
_________.

Sol: - (1.608pu) (1.58 – 1.62)

𝑋𝑑 = 0.8 𝑝𝑢, 𝑋𝑞 = 0.6 𝑝𝑢., 𝑅𝑎 = 0, 𝑉𝑡 = 1 𝑝𝑢.
𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∅ = 0.8𝑝𝑓 lead 𝐼𝑎 = 1 ∠36.86
⇒ ∅ = 36.86 load
𝐼𝑎 𝑋𝑞 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∅ + 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅ 𝐼𝑎 𝑋𝑞 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∅
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛿 = =
𝑉𝑡 + 𝐼𝑎 𝑋𝑞 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅ − 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∅ 𝑉𝑡 + 𝐼𝑎 𝑋𝑞 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅
1 × 0.6 × 0.8
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛿 = = 0.3529, ⇒ 𝛿 = 19.44𝑜
1 + 1 × 0.6 × 0.6
𝜓 = ∅ + 𝛿 = 56.4, 𝐼𝑑 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜓 = 1 × 𝑠𝑖𝑛 56.4 = 0.832
𝐼𝑞 = 𝐼𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜓 = 1 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 56.4 = 0.5547
𝐸𝑓 = 𝑉𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛿 + 𝐼𝑑 × 𝑋𝑑 − 𝐼𝑞 𝑅𝑞 = 𝑉𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛿 + 𝐼𝑑 × 𝑋𝑑
𝐸𝑓 = 1 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 19.44 + 0.832 × 0.8 = 1.608 𝑝𝑢
Topic: Electrical Machines Marks: 2
Concept: Transformer Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Auto - Transformer Level: Easy
Concept Field: Comparison of Two Winding and Auto Transformer Time: 60 secs

49.
A single-phase, 22 kVA, 2200 V/ 220 V, 50 Hz, distribution transformer is to be
connected as an auto-transformer to get an output voltage of 2420 V. Its maximum
kVA rating as an autotransformer is
a) 22
b) 24.2
c) 242
d) 2420
Sol: - (c)

𝑆𝑎 = 2420 × 100 = 242𝑘𝑉𝐴

Topic: Power Electronics Marks: 2
Concept: Inverter Type: MCQ
Sub-concept: Voltage Source Inverter Level: Easy
Concept Field: Single Phase Full Bridge Inverter Time: 60 secs

50.
A single-phase full-bridge voltage source inverter (VSI) is fed from a 300 V battery. A
pulse of 120o duration is used to trigger the appropriate devices in each half-cycle. The
rms value of the fundamental component of the output voltage, in volts, is
a) 234
b) 245
c) 300
d) 331
Sol:- (a)

Given, 1 − ∅, full bridge VSI

𝑉𝑠 = 300𝑉 ; 2𝑑 = 120𝑜 ⇒ 𝑑 = 60𝑜 & 𝑛 = 1
2√2 2√2
𝑉01 = 𝑉𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑑 = × 300 × 𝑠𝑖𝑛 60𝑜
𝜋 𝜋
𝑉01 = 233.9 ≅ 234𝑉
Topic: Power System Marks: 2
Concept: Line Parameters Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Inductance of a Conductor Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

51.
A single-phase transmission line has two conductors each of 10 mm radius. These are
fixed at a center-to-center distance of 1 m in a horizontal plane. This is now converted
to a three-phase transmission line by introducing a third conductor of the same radius.
This conductor is fixed at an equal distance D from the two single-phase conductors.
The three-phase line is fully transposed. The positive sequence inductance per phase
of the three-phase system is to be 5% more than that of the inductance per conductor
of the single-phase system. The distance D, in meters, is _______.
Sol: - (1.438m) ( 1.41 – 1.47 )

1.05 × 𝐿1∅ = 𝐿3∅

1
1000 𝑙𝑛 (1000𝐷2 )3
1.05 × 0.2𝑙𝑛 = 0.2
0.7788 × 10 0.7788 × 10
1
1000 1.05 (1000𝐷 2 )3
(7.788) = 7.788

𝐷 = 1.438𝑚𝑚 = 1.438𝑚
Topic: Network Theory Marks: 2
Concept: Transient Analysis Type: NAT
Sub-concept: Transient & SSR in case of Sinusoidal Source Level: Easy
Concept Field: Time: 60 secs

52.
In the circuit shown below, the supply voltage is 10 sin(1000t) volts. The peak value of
the steady state current through the 1Ω resistor, in amperes, is ______.

Sol: - (1A)
If we observe the parallel LC combination, we get that 𝜔 = 1000 rad/sec .The parallel LC
is at resonance thus it is open circuit.
The circuit given in question can be redrawn as –

10𝑠𝑖𝑛 1000𝑡
𝐼= 10

𝐼 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 1000𝑡
So peak value is 1 amp.
Topic: EE & ECE Meas. & Inst. Marks : 2
Concept: Indicating Instruments Type : NAT
Sub-concept: Moving Iron Instruments Level : Easy
Concept Field: M.I. Voltmeter & M.I. Ammeter Time : 60 secs

53.
A dc voltage with ripple is given by 𝑣(𝑡) = [100 + 10𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡) − 5𝑠𝑖𝑛 (3𝜔𝑡)] volts.
Measurements of this voltage 𝑣(𝑡), made by moving-coil and moving-iron voltmeters,
show readings of 𝑉1 and 𝑉2 respectively. The value of 𝑉2− 𝑉1, in volts, is _________.
Sol: - (0.312V) (0.3 - 0.33)
𝑉(𝑡) = 100 + 10𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡) − 5𝑠𝑖𝑛 (3𝜔𝑡) volt
Moving coil ⇒ we know moving coil reads only DC value.
𝑉1 = 𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 100𝑉
Moving Iron: MI reads RMS values
1
𝑉2 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √(100)2 + 2 (102 + 52 ) = 100.312𝑉

⇒ 𝑉2 − 𝑉1 = 0.312𝑉.
Topic: Network Theory Marks : 2
Concept: AC Analysis Type : NAT
Sub-concept: Impedance and Admittance Level : Easy
Concept Field: Time : 60 secs

54.
The circuit below is excited by a sinusoidal source. The value of R, in Ω, for which the
admittance of the circuit becomes a pure conductance at all frequencies is
_____________.

Sol:- (14.14𝛺)

The resonant frequency for the circuit.

1 RL2 − l/C
O =
lc RC − l/ C
2

Since 𝑅𝐿 = 𝑅𝑐 = 𝑅
So, the circuit will have zero real part of admittance.
𝐿
𝑅 = √𝐶

0.02
𝑅=√
100𝜇𝑓
𝑅 = 14.14
Topic : Network Theory Marks : 2
Concept : Mesh & Nodal Analysis Type : NAT
Sub-concept : Nodal Analysis Level : Moderate
Concept Field : Calculation of Current / Voltage in a Branch Time : 120 secs

55.
In the circuit shown below, the node voltage 𝑉𝐴 is ___________ V.

Sol: - (11.42 Volts)

Apply 𝐾𝐶𝐿 at node A, we get.

𝑉𝐴 𝑉𝐴 − 10 𝑉𝐴 + 1𝐶𝐼1
+ + =5
5 10 5
2𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝐴 − 10 + 2𝑉𝐴 + 2𝑂𝐼1
=5
10
5VA + 2O I1 = 50 + 10

5VA + 2O I1 = 60
VA − 10
I1 =
Put 10

Putting value of 𝐼1
5VA + 20
(V
A
− 10 )
= 60
10
5VA + 2VA − 20 = 60
5VA + 2VA = 80
5VA + 2VA = 80
A = 80
80
VA =
7
VA = 11.42Volt

Hence the value of node voltage is 11.42 volt.