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    Knitting Calculation

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    urmila120919
    Knitting calculations

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    Knitting Calculation

    Uploaded by

    urmila120919
    32 views8 pages
    Knitting calculations

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    knitting calculation

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    Knitting calculations

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views8 pages

    Knitting Calculation

    Uploaded by

    urmila120919
    Knitting calculations

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Formulas for the determination of production in length:

    Course/Minute
    1. Fabric length = …………………………………
    Course/cm

    2. Course/Min = No. of feeder X Cylinder speed

    3. Stitch density = Course/cm X Wales/cm

    No. of Wales
    4. Fabric width = ………………………….
    Wales/cm

    No. of Needle π X Cylinder Dia X Gauge


    = …………………………… = ………………………………………..
    Wales/cm Wales/cm

    Formulas for the determination of production in weight:

    Course/min X Yarn length per course


    1. Fabric weight = …………………………………………
    Yarn count

    2. Yarn length per course = Total needle no. of machine X Loop length

    3. Total needle no. m/c = π X Cylinder dia X Gauge = πDG


    Some mathematical problems and its solutions

    1. Calculate the production per day in kg of a plain single jersey knitted at 30 inch
    diameter, 24 gauge circular machine having 96 feeders and 0.25 cm stitch length produced
    by 30/1’s. The machine operates at 25 rpm at 70% efficiency.

    Solution:
    Here data given,

    • Machine dia = 30”


    • Machine gauge = 24
    • No. of feeders = 96
    • Stitch length = 0.25 cm
    • Yarn count = 30/1’
    • Machine rpm = 25
    • Efficiency = 70%
    • Now, length of yarn in a loop = 0.25 cm
    So, Length of yarn in full course = π X G X D X 0.25 cm

    = π X 24 X 30 X 0.25 cm [0.25 S.L]

    So, Length of yarn used in a minute for producing course,

    = 0.25 X π X 24 X 30 X 96 X 25 cm [25 RPM]

    We get, Production per day at 70% efficiency,

    0.25 X π X 24 X 30 X 96 X 25 X 60 X 24 X 70
    𝑳×𝒘
    = ………………………………………………………………………. [ Ne= ]
    𝑾×𝒍
    2.54 X 36 X 840 X 30 X 100 X 2.204

    = 269.85 kg (Ans)
    Or,

    RPM of cylinder X No. of feeder X π X Cylinder dia (inch)


    Production in weight = ……………………………………………………………………
    1000 X 1000

    Gauge X Loop length (mm) X tex X 60 X 24 X Efficiency


    X …………………………………………………………………………………….
    1000

    25 X 96 X π X 30 X 24 X 0.25 X 10 X 590.5/30 X 60 X 24 X 0.70


    = ………………………………………………………………………………………
    1000 X 1000 X 1000

    = 269 kg/day (ANS)

    2. Calculate the production of a single jersey circular knitting m/c per shift from the
    following data (assume others parameter if necessary) –
    Here,

    • Cylinder dia = 30”


    • Cylinder speed = 20 rpm
    • No. of feeder = 36
    • No. of course per inch = 30
    • Machine eff = 80%

    3. Determine the no. of course per cm of a fabric from the following data. This fabric is
    produced 1152 m per shift in a single jersey circular knitting machine.

    Here,
    • Knitting m/c speed = 20 rpm
    • No. of feeder = 48
    • Machine efficiency = 75%
    Solution:

    Given,

    • Knitting m/c speed = 20 rpm


    • No. of feeder = 48
    • Machine efficiency = 75%
    • Length of produced fabric per shift = 1152 m
    • No. of course per cm =?
    We know,

    Fabric production per shift,

    Course per min


    = …………………………. X 60 X 8 X Efficiency
    Course per cm

    No. of feeder X Machine speed X 60 X 8


    = ………………………………………………………………….. X Efficiency
    Course per cm

    48 X 20 X 60 X 8 75
    Or, 1152 X 100 = ………………………………... X ……………
    Course/cm 100

    48 X 20 X 60 X 8 X 75
    Or, Course/cm = ………………………………………. = 3 (ANS)
    1152 X 100 X 100

    Example 01:
    Find out the production per shift for single jersey and rib from the following data:

    For single jersey,

    Fabric width = 53 ", GSM = 150, Yarn count (Ne) = 26’s


    Stitch length = 2.85 mm, Cylinder Dia(D) = 25", Cylinder Gauge(G) = 24
    No. of feeder = 75, R.P.M.of cyl.= 25, Time =8 hrs, Effi.= 80%

    Solution:

    Production/8hrs,

    πDG X S.L (mm) X No. of feeder X RPM X 60 X 8 X Efficiency


    = ……………………………………………………………………………… kg
    2.54 X 36 X 840 X 26 X 2.2046

    3.1416 X 25 X 24 X 75 X 25 X 60 X 0.80
    = ………………………………………………………………………………kg
    2.54 X 36 X 840 X 26 X 2.2046

    = 87.85 kg (Ans)

    For Rib,

    Fabric width = 41", GSM = 460 , Yarn count,Ne = 24S


    Stitch length = 2.90 mm, Cylinder dia,D= 32", Cylinder Gauge,G= 18
    No. of feeder = 62, R.P.M.of cyl.= 15, Time =8 hrs, Effi.= 80%

    Production/8hrs,

    πDG X S.L (mm) X No. of feeder X RPM X 60 X 8 X Efficiency X Feeder/course (kg)


    = ……………………………………………………………………………................…………
    2.54 X 36 X 840 X Ne X 2.2046

    3.1416 X 32 X 18 X 2.90 X 62 X 15 X 60 X 8 X 0.80


    = ………………………………………………………………….. X 2 kg
    2.54 X 36 X 840 X Ne X 2.2046

    = 92.22 kg (Ans)

    Example 02:

    Calculate nominal production of a single jersey-knitting machine per hour from the data given:
    • Machine Gauge = 24
    • Machine Dia = 30 inches
    • Number of Feeders = 90
    • Machine RPM = 26
    • Yarn Count = 24
    • Stitch length = 4 mm
    • Efficiency = 85%
    Solution:
    Step one
    First we will calculate number of needles and number of stitches produced in one revolution.
    This would help us in calculating the total length of yarn consumed in one revolution.

    Number of needles = Machine dia X Gauge X p (3.14)

    = 30 X 24 X 3.14

    = 2260 (Exact 2260.8 but needles are always in even number so we will take nearest even
    figure)

    Number of stitches produced in revolution


    Every needle is making one stitch on every feeder because machine is producing single jersey
    fabric (full knit fabric).

    Number of stitches produced in one revolution = Number of needles X Number of feeders

    = 2260 X 90

    = 203400

    This machine is making 203400 stitches in one revolution.

    Step Two

    Length of stitch is 04 mm (stitch length is always calculated in metric system)

    From this we can calculate yarn consumption in yards in one hour

    Yarn Consumption (in yards) in one hour,

    Number of stitches X length of (mm) X RPM X60 (minutes)


    = ……………………………………………………………..
    1000(to convert mm into meters)

    203400 X 4 X 26 X 60
    = ………………………………………
    1000

    = 1269216 meters or

    = 1388015 yards

    Step Three
    In previous step we calculated quantity of yarn consumed in yards. We can easily calculate
    weight of this yarn while its count is known (see example 03).

    Weight of cotton yarn,

    Length of yarn
    = ……………………..
    Count X 840

    1388015
    = …………………..
    Count X 840

    = 68.85 pounds or

    = 31.23 Kilo grams

    Efficiency 85% = 26.55 Kilo grams

    Answer: This machine can produce 26.55 Kgs fabric in one hour at 85 % efficiency

    Essential Formula for Knitting:

    WPI: Wales per inch is called WPI.


    CPI: Course per inch is called CPI.
    GSM: Grams per square meter of the fabric are called GSM.

    Needle calculation:

    • Single jersey circular knitting machine needle = ∏DG


    • Rib/Inter lock /Double jersey circular knitting machine needle = ∏DG×2 (two needle bed is
    here)
    • Single bed flat knitting m/c’s needle = width× gauge
    • GSM = {WPI× CPI × (39.37)2×stitch length (mm) ×Tex /1000× 1000} g/m2
    • Stitch density = (WPI × CPI) inch2 = (WPC ×CPC) cm2
    • No of sinker = No of needle
    • No Wales =No of needle
    • No of course = No of feeders =No of yarn (per revolution of cylinder)
    • Course per minutes = No of feeders ×cylinder rpm
    • Course length = yarn required for each course. = No of needle × stitch length
    *** V bed flat knitting m/c’s needle = 2× width× gauge

    Ne= 590.5 Tex


    Here,
    D = cylinder diameter ,G = Machine gauge ,Needle pitch = 1/G.

    *** Fabric width = wale spacing ×Total no of Wales


    = (1/WPI ×No of Needles) inch
    = (No of Needles/WPI× 39.37) meter

    *** For single jersey fabric = (∏DG/WPI×39.37) meter (open width)


    = (∏DG/WPI×39.37) meter/2(Folded/Tubular width)

    *** For double jersey fabric = (2 × ∏DG/WPI×39.37) meter (open width)


    = (2×∏DG/WPI×39.37) meter/2(Folded/Tubular width).

    *** Fabric Length = Course spacing ×Total course pr hour


    = {(Feeder× cylinder rpm× 60)/CPI} inch/hour
    = {(Feeder× cylinder rpm× 60)/CPI ×39.37} m/hour

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