Vision:: PLT COLLEGE, INC 2018-2019
Vision:: PLT COLLEGE, INC 2018-2019
Vision:: PLT COLLEGE, INC 2018-2019
VISION:
PLT College, Inc.: An Icon in Humane Education.
MISSION:
We dedicate ourselves to develop humane individuals who are professionally
competent, socially responsible, and God-centered.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
We strive to:
1. Lead and develop humane individuals and communities;
2. Initiate innovations and technological advancement;
3. Pursue academic excellence and global standardization;
4. Strengthen instruction, research, extension, and production; and
5. Work continuously on quality education and community service.
The term Cosa Nostra (literally means one thing) or mafia is used to signify
organized crimes and one of the varieties, names for either mob or syndicate. A
strict code of conduct governs their behavior called the Omerta, which is the
mafia’s code of secrecy, and informal, unwritten code of organized crime, which
demand silence and loyalty, among other thing, of family members (Abandinsky
(1991) as cited by Manwong).
Council of Europe
The illegal activities carried out by structured groups of three or more persons
existing for a prolonged period of time and having the aim of committing serious
crimes through concerted action by using intimidation, violence, corruption or other
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means in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit.
(Council of Europe, 2002, 6)
Interpol
United Nations
Encyclopaedia Britannica
1. An Enforcer – one who make arrangements for killing and injuring (physically,
economically. Psychologically) the members or non-members.
2. A corrupter – One who bribes, buys, intimidates, threatens, negotiates, and “sweet
talks” into a relationship with the police, public officials or anybody else who
can help the members security and maintain immunity from arrest,
prosecution and punishment.
3. A corruptee – a public official, usually not a member of the organization family, who
can wield influence on behalf of the organization’s interest.
1. Political Graft
Manned by political criminals who used forced or violence of means to obtain
profit or gain.
2. Mercenary/Predatory Organized Crime
Committed by groups for direct personal profit but prey upon unwilling
victims.
3. In-Group Oriented Organized Crime
Group manned by semi-organized individual whose major goals are for
psychological gratification such as adolescent gangs.
4. Syndicated Crimes
The organization that participates in illicit activity in society by the use of
force, threat or intimidation.
The group with a formal structure, whose purpose is to provide illicit services,
which are in strong public demands through the use of secrecy on the parts
of the associates.
There is assurance of protection necessary for its operations through political
corruption or avoidance of prosecution.
1. Uncollected Revenues
2. Citizens are victims
3. Increased cost of law enforcement
4. Threat to legitimate business
1. Parasitic
2. Reciprocal
3. Entrepreneurship
1. Deterrence Theory
a. General deterrence theory
Crimes can be thwarted by the threat of punishment, like capital
punishment.
b. Specific deterrence theory
The penalty should be sufficiently severe to discourage second time
offenders knowing that the gain is not worth the punishment.
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2. Cultural Deviance Theory
Slum dwellers violate the law because they belong to a unique
subculture in conflict with the upper class values and norms in
which criminal law is based. Social status and wealth is attained
through some people through some attractive alternatives.
3. Alien Conspiracy Theory
Seeks to blame outsiders and outside influence for the prevalence
of organized crime.
4. Rationale Choice Theory
This is the pain and pleasure principle; a certain person weighs the
benefits and consequences of his actions so if the pain of
punishment outweighs the expected pleasure or reward, then he
will not commit the crime because the risk is not worth the benefits.
5. Differential Association Theory
Advocated by Edwin Sutherland.
Theorized that criminal behavior is learned though social
interactions.
It is a process theory because it detailed the experiences of a person
must go through in order to become a delinquent.
6. The Anti-social Personality Theory
Criminals have no feeling of guilt and shame after the commission of the
crime.
7. Enterprise Theory
The OCG (Organized Crime group) provides the needs of some people as
these goods and services are not available or cannot found in market.
8. Anomie Theory
Advocated by Emil Durkheim
He believed that crime is normal and functional
a. Crime is Normal
Crime is nothing more than a consequence of the creation and
application of norms. It is because some behavior is wrong that
other behavior is right. That is the reason why crime is said to
be normal.
b. Crime is Functional
Because it is the basis for social change. Crime often points out
to the social group, those elements, processes, or arrangements
that may need to be changed.
1. Slavery
The submission to a dominating influence or the state of person who is a
chattel of another.
Related terms & topics:
Slave
2. Piracy
Refers to robbery in the high seas and or the unauthorized use of
another’s production, invention or conception especially in infringement
of a copy right.
1. Terrorism
2. Illicit Trafficking
3. Computer crimes
4. Trans-chemical Environmental crimes
5. Drug Trafficking
3. Japan
A. Gokudō /Boryokudan/ Ya –ku-za- 893 means useless or no points
-Most influential organized crime group in Japan.
-The Japanese police, and media by request of the police, call them
bōryokudan or "violence group"), while the yakuza call
themselves "ninkyō dantai" or "chivalrous organizations").
-Some of its activity are; exploitation of women, prostitution (Supply
comes most from the Philippines, Thailand and Taiwan) who are
imported as entertainers.
RITUALS:
a. Yubitsume
The cutting of one's finger is a form of penance or
apology. Upon a first offense, the transgressor must cut
off the tip of his left little finger and give the severed
portion to his boss.
b. Irezumi
Full-body tattoos of yakuza member including their
genitalia.
4. Cambodia
Chinese and Myanmorese is the major controller of organized
transnational activities.
5. Republic of Korea
Kendal Emening Scarups
Although not considered as criminal groups, they also engage in
criminal activities and intervene in violence, in some way to help
the weak and the poor.
6. Myanmar
A country led by a military Junta, which exploits its citizen to force
labor.
A country which produce and supply at least 68% of illicit drugs
around the globe.
These activities are controlled by armies, now considered as the
largest organized crime groups in the world.
United Wa State Army
Under the command of Wei-Hsueh-Kong
Konkang Chinese
Protects cultivation and refining of drugs.
Myanmar National democratic Alliance Army
Control the plantations and refine of opium into Heroin and also
produce methamphetamine.
7. Vietnam
Rank as top 26 drug producing and trafficking countries in the
world.
Nam Cam Gang
Involves in corruption of public officials and the police.
8. Taiwan
Have direct connections with Bamboo Union Gangs.
It has a relationship with the triad groups in China and
Hong Kong with primary crime activities into drug
trafficking, prostitution, child and woman smuggling.
9. Philippines
Considered the “heaven for sex industry” organized criminal
groups virtually control every aspect of the commerce in women
and child trafficking.
Thousands of women are sent to Japan, Thailand and other
countries as entertainers and most end up as prostitutes.
Sicilian Mafia
Regarded as the archetype of organized c rime and has been
subject of controversy.
Based in Sicily Italy.
Ndrangheta
A criminal organization in Italy centered in Calabria.
The most-powerful crime syndicate of Italy in the late 1990s and
early 2000s.
Camorra
A Mafia-type of criminal organization, or secret society, that
originated in the region of Campania and its capital Naples in Italy.
It is one of the oldest and largest criminal organizations in Italy,
dating back to the 18th century.
Sacra Corona Unita (SCU) or United Sacred Crown
A Mafia-like criminal organization from Apulia (in Italian Puglia)
region in Southern Italy, and is especially active in the areas of
Brindisi, Lecce and Taranto
The Russian Mafia and the Vory V. Zakone (thieves in law)
Counterpart of Sicilian Mafia, it is linked to a territoriality based
provision of protection services and to alliance between upper-
world and under world in Russia.
Corrupt government officials
Shady business tycoons, so called Oligarch, and
Members of criminal gangs headed by so called
authorities and loosely tied to each other through a
criminal fraternity known as “Thieves in Law”
Pink Panthers
The name given by Interpol to an international jewel thief network,
named after The Pink Panther series of crime comedy films, which
is responsible for some of the most audacious thefts in criminal
history.
They are responsible for what have been termed some of the most
glamorous heists ever, and one criminologist even described their
crimes as "artistry".
1. La Cosa Nostra
Known as the MAFIA, the MOB, and collection of Italian American
Organized Crime “families”.
1. Asian Groups
2. East European Groups
3. Italian Groups
4. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs
Hells Angels Motorcycle Club (HAMC)
In the United States and Canada, the Hells Angels are
incorporated as the Hells Angels Motorcycle Corporation.
Common nicknames for the club are the "H.A.", "Red & White",
STRUCTURE: 1. YAKUZA/GOKUDO/BORYUKUDAN
489
49 – 49ers Blue
lanterns
Triads use numeric codes to distinguish between ranks and positions
within the gang; the numbers are inspired by Chinese numerology
based on the I Ching.
"489" refers to the "Mountain" or "Dragon" Master (or 'Dragon Head'),
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438 is used for the "Deputy Mountain Master",
"432" indicate "Grass Slipper" rank and the Mountain Master's proxy,
"Incense Master", who oversees inductions into the Triad, and
"Vanguard", who assists the Incense Master.
"426" refers to a "military commander", also known as a "Red Pole",
overseeing defensive and offensive operations,
"49" denotes the position of "soldier" or rank-and-file member.
415 "White Paper Fan" provides financial and business advice,
(432) "Straw Sandal" functions as a liaison between different units.
"25" refers to an undercover law enforcement agent or spy from
another triad, and has become popularly used in Hong Kong as slang
for "informant".
"Blue Lanterns" are uninitiated members, equivalent to Mafia
associates and, as such, do not have a number designation.
STRUCTURE: 3. MAFIA
BOSS
CONSIGLIERE
UNDERBOSS
SOLDIERS SOLDIERS
SOLDIERS
ASSOCIATES
1. Joseph Valachi
The American mafioso who testified before the Permanent
Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate Committee on
Government Operations in 1963 (known as the Valachi hearings),
He revealed that American mafiosi referred to their organization by the
term cosa nostra ("our thing" or "this thing of ours")
2. Alphonse Gabriel "Al" Capone
America's best known gangster and the single greatest symbol of the
collapse of law and order in the United States during the 1920s
Prohibition era.
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3. Charles "Lucky" Luciano born as Salvatore Lucania
An Italian-born, naturalized American mobster.
Considered the father of modern organized crime in the United States
for splitting New York City into five different Mafia crime families and the
establishment of the first Commission.
4. John "Papa Johnny" Torrio, born Giovanni Torrio
Also known as "The Fox" and as "The Immune", was an Italian-American
mobster who helped build the criminal empire known as the Chicago
Outfit in the 1920s that was later inherited by his protégé, Al Capon.
5. Emilio Changco
A pirate gang leader based out of Manila Bay in the Philippines. He was
responsible for many of the ships that went missing in the area. He
specialized in piracy-for-order, where a client would choose a ship and
the Changco Gang would seize it, transfer the cargo, and then sell the
ship. He was captured and imprisoned by Philippine authorities. In 1992
he was killed under suspicious circumstances. Philippine government
officials claim that he was shot while trying to escape from the New
Bilibid Prison
6. Nicasio "Asiong" Salonga (Birth name Nicasio Salonga)
Nicknamed "Robin Hood of Tondo", or the "Hitler" or "Hito" of Tondo.
An infamous Manila gangster whose notorious life had been portrayed in
several movie versions since 1961.
Types of Prostitutions
Escort prostitution – one-call and in-call
Lot lizard – serves the trucking industry
Street Prostitution – solicit customers in street corners
Skeezers – trade sex for illegal drugs
Sex tourism – the commercial sexual relation by the tourist
with resident at the destination
e. Pornography
The depiction of explicit sexual subject matter for sexually
titillating the viewer.
f. Drug trafficking
The illegal sale, production, transport, movement, and distribution
of illegal drugs and controlled-substances attained through
unlawful means.
g. Arms smuggling (Arms trafficking)
Also known as gunrunning.
The illegal trafficking or smuggling of contraband weapons or
ammunition. What constitutes legal trade in firearms varies
widely, depending on local and national laws.
Child laundering
The illegal acquisition of children through monetary
transactions, deceit, and/or force. Child laundering rings
are often expansive with multiple hierarchies of people
whose primary motivations are large profits from the
black markets of overseas adoption. With Westerners
willing to spend thousands of dollars to adopt one child,
enough monetary incentives are created to extend the
laundering ring from the middle classes to societies' more
affluent groups. These "baby broker" families
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subsequently forge a new identity for the laundered child,
"validating" the child's legal status as an orphan and
ensuring the scheme will not be uncovered.
Child harvesting
the active drafting of parents and children for the
adoption market and is particularly associated with and
prevalent in some international adoption countries and
markets
Baby factory or baby farm
A location where girls are deliberately encouraged or
forced to become pregnant and give up their newborns
for sale
Child-selling
The practice of selling children, usually by parents, close
persons, or subsequent masters or custodians.
Child labor
Refers to the employment of children in any work that
deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their
ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally,
physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.
Commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC)
Constitutes a form of coercion and violence against
children and amounts to forced labour and a
contemporary form of slavery.
CSEC includes the prostitution of children, child
pornography,[2] child sex tourism and other forms of
transactional sex where a child engages in sexual
activities to have key needs fulfilled, such as food, shelter
or access to education.
Europol Distinctions of Types of Victims
Exploited Victims
Those who have worked in sex industry in their own
country and are recruited for similar work in the
destination country.
Deceived Victims
Consist of woman recruited to work in the service or
entertainment industry of the destination country.
Kidnapped Victims
Woman who have been kidnapped and are therefore
unwillingly from the outset.
A. Money laundering
Practice of disguising illegally obtained funds so that they may seem
legal.
(Related Topic: R.A. 9160 as amended R.A. 9194)
c. Integration
Also called as spin dry.
The money is again available to the criminal with its
occupational and geographical origin is hidden.
Because the money is often repatriated in the form of
clean, often taxable income. It is achieved by means of
real estate transactions, front companies and sham
loans, foreign bank complicity and false import and
export transactions.
B.Bullying
Bullying is the use of force or coercion to abuse or intimidate
others. The behavior can be habitual and involve an imbalance of
social or physical power. It can include verbal harassment or
threat, physical assault or coercion and may be directed
repeatedly towards particular victims, perhaps on grounds of race,
religion, gender, sexuality, or ability.
If bullying is done by a group, it is called mobbing.
The victim of bullying has been referred to as a "target"
C. Kleptocracy
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Alternatively cleptocracy or kleptarchy, (from Greek: kleptēs,
means "thief" and - kratos, means "power, rule", hence "rule by
thieves")
A form of political and government corruption where the
government exists to increase the personal wealth and political
power of its officials and the ruling class at the expense of the
wider population, often without pretense of honest service. This
type of government corruption is often achieved by the
embezzlement of state funds.
D. Piracy
E. Political Corruption
The used of legislated powers by government officials for illegitimate
private gain.
a. Bribery
Requires one to give and another to receive. It is demanded
for an official to do something wherein he is already paid to
do. The intent is influence.
b. Graft
It only requires that an official has gained something of
value, not part of his official pay when doing his work.
c. Patronage
Favoring supporters during the previous election.
d. Nepotism
Favoring relatives.
e. Cronyism
Favoring personal friends
f. Embezzlement
Theft or misappropriation of entrusted funds.
g. Kickback
Official’s share for misappropriated funds.
1. Repression
The Palermo protocol calls for every nation to enact laws to criminalize
trafficking of person, specially women and children and to ensure that
the person attempting to commit, participating in its commission or
organizing and directing other persons in order to commit it are
punished.
The Palermo convention also envisages the eliminations of safe havens
for migrant’s smugglers and to fast track prosecution of offenders.
POLITICAL CRIME
-A serious violation of law that threatens the security or existence of the
government, such as Treason or Sedition
(http://legaldictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Political+Crime)
-Any crime directly against the government. It includes any violent
disturbance without reference to specific crime. In modern times, it also
includes public officer’s offense towards the public that may ripen into
betrayal of the public trust. (Organized Crime Investigation, Garcia M.A.
2009)
POLITICS
TERRORISM
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Comes from the French word terrorisme, and originally referred specifically to state
terrorism as practiced by the French government during the Reign of terror.
The French word terrorisme turn derives from the Latin verb terreō meaning
“I frighten”.
a. Tiananmen massacre
Occurred in China on June 4 1989
Many youth protesters were killed by the Peoples liberation Army
under the orders of Deng Xiaoping.
1. Criminal
Terrorist who simply engage in all types of crime since they recognize no
law.
2. Political
As a state repression, ideological revolutionary activities or Nationalistic
Revolutions.
a. State Repression
Refers to government using terrorism to keep citizens in line.
3. State Sponsored
Both nationalistic and revolutionary terrorism can be sponsored by the
State, as its aims in a surreptitious manner or a statute to promote its
personal ends.
RELATED TERMS:
Neo-Colonialism
1. Genocide
Derived from Greek word “geno” means race or tribe and Latin Term
“cide” means killing.
Nationalism is a product of nation sate-policy; it is predicated on the need
to achieve homogeneity. When confronted with social, religious and
cultural diversity, the nation-state sought to achieve uniformity by
extermination. In the end the result is the same but not everyone could
call it as genocide.
Its causes are some politico-socio-economic calamity sparks off the
genocidal fire in a volatile population “primed for ignition”. The priming is
achieved by a prolonged propaganda period of state sponsored racist
propaganda against the victim group.
It is generally recognized as a form of “jus cogens” in other words it forms
part of customary international law binding on all states.
It is relatively an open crime; the motives are open and also the carrying
out of the crime itself. The reason for killings based on racial, religious, or
ethnic grounds is clearly articulated.
Example: (Serbian government against Chechens)
Cultural genocide
Consist of destroying specific characteristics of the group such group such as
language, literature, religion and art.
What makes Genocide as a Crime?
It operates to exclude many victims of mass killings and would freeze the
crime as an event history.
Premised on the fact that elements of genocide can be identified in all
instances of life including urban violence.
FANATICS
Those marks by excessive enthusiasm and often intense uncritical devotion.
(E.g. the call by Al-Qaeda for Jihad or holy war between Muslims and non-
Muslims.)
Hijacking
Aircraft hijacking
Carjacking
Maritime Hijacking
Truck Hijacking
Kidnapping
Murder
Drug trafficking
Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking
Money Laundering
Immigration Crimes
Includes but not limited to violation of citizen law of a country.
R.A. 9225 – an act making Filipino Citizens who acquired foreign
citizenship permanent, amending of Commonwealth Act. No. 63.
Bombing near bank in New York City, New York - 38 dead 300 injured,
Many have been accused, including Russia, American communist
party, and Italian terrorists, but this bombing is still unsolved.
Truck bombing of World Trade Center, New York City, New York - 6
dead 1,040 injured, the attack was planned by a group of conspirators
including Ramzi Yousef, Mahmud Abouhalima, Mohammad Salameh,
Nidal A. Ayyad, Abdul Rahman Yasin and Ahmad Ajaj. They received
financing from Khaled Shaikh Mohammed
This Act shall henceforth be known as the “Human Security Act of 2007.”
Terrorism:
Any person who commits an act punishable under any of the following
provisions of the Revised Penal Code:
1. Article 122 (Piracy in General and Mutiny in the High Seas or in the
Philippine Waters);
2. Article 134 (Rebellion or Insurrection);
3. Article 134-a (Coup de’ Etat), including acts committed by private
persons;
4. Article 248 (Murder);
5. Article 267 (Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention);
6. Article 324 (Crimes Involving Destruction,
Cult
An organization brazed with spiritual or ethical belief. (Rizalista)
Sect
Groups which believe on unorthodox rituals crafted from established religious
ideology.
Assassination
The murder of a prominent person or political figure by a surprise attack,
usually for payment or political reasons.
Assassin
A person who commits assassination.
Contract killing
A form of murder, in which one party hires another party to kill a target
individual or group of people. It involves an illegal agreement between
two or more parties in which one party agrees to kill the target in
exchange for currency, monetary, or otherwise. Either party may be a
person, group, or an organization.
TYPES OF ASSASINS
1. Political assassins – commit their acts for political reasons.
2. Egocentric assassins – commit their acts to seek attention.
3. Psychopathic assassins – emotional crippled who direct their perverse rage at
popular political figures.
4. Insane assassins – assassins suffering from mental illness.
5. Typical assassins – those who defy classification.
I.CYBER CRIME
R.A. 8792 - an act providing and use of electronic commercial and non-
commercial transactions, penalties for unlawful use thereof, and other
purposes
R.A. 8484
It is the access Device Regulation Act of 1998 that tries to regulate the
issuance and use of access devices and prohibiting related fraudulent
acts.
Access Device
Any card, plate, code, account number, electronic serial number, Personal
identification number, or other telecommunication service, equipment, or
instrumental identifier, or other means of account access that can be used to obtain
money, goods, services or any other thing of value or to initiate the transfer of
funds. It includes credit cards.
White-collar crime
Corporate crime
2. Avocational Crime – committed by one who does not link for himself as criminal
and whose major source of income is something other than crime.
Gary Green pointed out that professional criminals would probably continue
to enjoy immunity from prosecution. Hence, they are unlikely to be deterred by
sanction or threat and are unlikely to be formally disqualified by their professional
organizations. They will therefore feel free and be free to continue or begin their
activities (Schmallenger, 1999).
1. Bank Fraud:
To engage in an act or pattern of activity where the purpose is to
defraud a bank of funds.
2. Blackmail:
A demand for money or other consideration under threat to do bodily
harm, to injure property, to accuse of a crime, or to expose secrets.
3. Bribery:
When money, goods, services, information or anything else of value is
offered with intent to influence the actions, opinions, or decisions of
the taker. You may be charged with bribery whether you offer the bribe
or accept it.
4. Cellular Phone Fraud:
The unauthorized use, tampering, or manipulation of a cellular phone
or service. This can be accomplished by either use of a stolen phone or
where an actor signs up for service under false identification or where
the actor clones a valid electronic serial number (ESN) by using an ESN
reader and reprograms another cellular phone with a valid ESN
number.
5. Computer fraud:
Where computer hackers steal information sources contained on
computers such as: bank information, credit cards, and proprietary
information.
6. Counterfeiting:
Occurs when someone copies or imitates an item without having been
authorized to do so and passes the copy off for the genuine or original
item. Counterfeiting is most often associated with money however can
also be associated with designer clothing, handbags and watches.
7. Credit Card Fraud:
The unauthorized use of a credit card to obtain goods of value.
8. Currency Schemes:
The practice of speculating on the future value of currencies.
9. Embezzlement:
When a person who has been entrusted with money or property
appropriates it for his or her own use and benefit.
4. Check Kiting:
A bank account is opened with good funds and a rapport is developed
with the bank. Actor then deposits a series of bad checks but prior to
their discovery, withdraws funds from the bank.
5. Coupon Redemption:
Grocery stores amass large amounts of coupons and redeem them to
manufacturers when in fact merchandise was never sold.
6. Directory Advertising:
Actor either impersonates sales person from a directory company like
the yellow pages or fraudulently sells advertising which the victim
never receives.
7. Fortune Telling:
Actor advises victim that victim is cursed. Actor advises victim that the
curse must be removed. Actor advises that she must meditate to the
spirits and will require payment. Over a period of time, victim pays
fortune teller thousands of dollars to remove curse.
8. Gypsies:
Actor states that victims money is cursed. In order to remove the
curse, the money must be placed into a bag or box that the actor
provides. The bag or box is switched. Actor advises victim to perform
certain rituals over the money and the curse will be removed. The bag
or box cannot be opened for a period of time when it is opened, the
money is gone.
9. Home Improvement:
Actor approaches a home owner with a very low estimate for a repair
or improvement. Inferior or incomplete work is performed. Once the
repairs are completed, actor intimidates the victim to pay a price much
greater than the original estimate.
10.Inferior Equipment:
Actors travel around selling inferior equipment such as tools at high
prices.
11.Jamaican Switch:
Actor #1 approaches a victim looking for the address of a prostitute.
Actor #1 shows a large sum of money to the victim. Actor #2 arrives
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and tells Actor #1 where he can find the prostitute but cautions on
taking all the money as the prostitute might rob him. Actor #1 asks the
victim to hold the money for him. Actor #1 puts his money into a
handkerchief with the victim’s money. Actor #1 shows the victim how
to hide the money under his arm, inside his shirt while switching
handkerchiefs. Victim takes the handkerchief and the parties split up,
however, Actor #1 leaves with victim’s money.
12.Land Fraud:
Actor induces victim to purchase tracks of land in some type of
retirement development which does not exist.
13.Odometer Fraud:
Unscrupulous used car salesman purchased used cars and turns back
the odometers. The used car is sold at a higher price due to its low
mileage.
14.Pigeon Drop:
Actor #1 befriends the victim. Actor #2 shows both Actor #1 and
victim a "found" package containing a large amount of cash. Actor #1
insists that the found money be divided equally but only after each
person puts up his own money to demonstrate good faith. All the
money is put in one package and the package is later switched.
15.Police Impersonation:
Actor tells victim that his bank is being operated by fraudulent bank
officers. Actor instructs victim to take money out of bank and place it
into a good bank. After the money is withdrawn, the actor allegedly
takes the money to the police station for safe keeping. The victim
never sees the money again.
16.Ponzi:
An investment scheme where the actor solicits investors in a business
venture, promising extremely high financial returns or dividends in a
very short period of time. The actor never invests the money, however,
does pay dividends. The dividends consist of the newest investors
funds. The first investors, pleased to receive dividends, encourage new
investors to invest. This scheme falls apart when the actor no longer
has sufficient new investors to distribute dividends to the old investors
or the actor simply takes all the funds and leaves the area.
17.Pyramid:
An investment fraud in which an individual is offered a distributorship
or franchise to market a particular product. The promoter of the
pyramid represents that although marketing of the product will result
in profits, larger profits will be earned by the sale of franchises. For
example, if a franchise price is P10,000.00, the seller receives
P3,500.00 for every franchise sold. Each new franchise purchaser is
presented with the same proposal so that each franchise owner is
attempting to sell franchises. Once the supply of potential investors is
exhausted, the pyramid collapses. Many times, there are no products
involved in the franchise, simply just the exchange of money.
18.Quick Change:
Victim is confused by actor’s speedy series of money exchanges and in
the end, is short changed.
19.Shell Game:
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Actor #1 manipulates a pea beneath three walnut shells or bottle caps.
Actor #1 moves the caps around and shows victim the cap with the
pea under it. With the encouragement of another player, also Actor #2,
victim places larger and larger bets as to which cap contains the pea.
The game is ended by Actor #1 when the take is large enough.
20.Utilities Impersonators:
Actor impersonates utilities employees by wearing jumpsuits with
name tags. Actor approaches victim with story about a gas leak or
electrical surge to gain entry to the home. Valuables are taken by
actor.
21.VCR Scam:
Actor purports to sell new VCR's or televisions at an extremely low cost
due to his connections. Victim pays for the VCR or television only to
discover that the box has been filled with rocks.
22.West African Investment Scams:
Actors target businesses and obtain business' bank account
information from which all funds are later withdrawn.
Transnational Policing
Pertains to all forms of policing that transgress national borders.
International Policing
Indicate those types of policing that are formally directed by institutions
usually responsible for international affairs.
Global Policing
Indicate those forms of policing that are fully global in scope.
Globalization
A process of interaction and integration among the people, companies,
and governments of different nations, a process driven by international
trade and investment and aided by information technology. The process
has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on
economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-
being in societies around the world.
The process of international integration arising from the interchange of
world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Put in simple
terms, globalization refers to processes that promote world-wide
exchanges of national and cultural resources. Advances in
transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise
of the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further
interdependence of economic and cultural activities.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization)
INTERPOL Manila
UN POLICE Community
1. EUROPOL
2. ASEANAPOL
The logo
The flag
Antiques
Cultural assets of a certain country which portrays or symbolizes the tradition
of such country. These are invaluable treasures that cannot be transferred or
taken out from the owner country.
Amico Nostro
English translation, Our Friend, Friend of Ours.
Associate
Bust out
A person is often referred to as a "bust out" when they have hit bottom, has
no resource or money and is unlikely to recover. As in "he's a bust out."
Capo
A Captain in the family who directs soldiers under him. These are the
everyday "street earners."
Capo di tutti capi
The boss of all bosses. Originally this referred to the boss of the national
family or the boss of the "whole thing." This "position" no longer exists thanks
to Luciano and Lansky who in the 1930's created the "commission." This
phrase will sometimes be used by regional family members when referring to
the family head.
Capo mandamento
Within Cosa Nostra a mandamento is a district of generally three
geographically contiguous Mafia families in Sicily. A capo mandamento
representing the mandamento is usually entitled to be part of the provincial
Mafia Commission.
Clip
To eliminate someone, also "whack","the big sleep","make disappear" etc.
Comare
"Goumada", "goom" slang. Best girl, number one, a term for a woman that
may be dated outside of a marriage. A mistress.
Camorra
The word is almost certainly a blend of "capo" (boss) and a Neapolitan street
game, the "morra". (In this game, two persons wave their hands
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simultaneously, while a crowd of surrounding gamblers guess, in chorus, at
the total number of fingers exposed by the principal players.)
Unlike the Mafia which has a distinct organizational structure the Camorra
was never a coherent whole, a centralized organization. Instead it has always
been a loose confederation of different, independent groups or families. Each
group was bound around kinship ties and controlled economic activities which
took place in its particular territory. Each family clan took care of its own
business, protected its territory, and sometimes tried to expand at another
group’s expense. Although not centralized, there was some minimal
coordination, to avoid mutual interference. The families competed to
maintain a system of checks and balances between equal powers. One of the
Camorra’s strategies to gain social prestige is political patronage, something
the Mafia as a group has practiced in this country since its beginning.
Ciaculli massacre
On 30 June 1963 a car bomb that exploded in Ciaculli, an outlying suburb of
Palermo, killing seven police and military officers sent to defuse it after an
anonymous phone call was the cause of the so called Ciaculli massacre. The
bomb was intended for Salvatore "Ciaschiteddu" Greco, head of the Sicilian
Mafia Commission and the boss of the Ciaculli Mafia family. Mafia boss Pietro
Torretta was considered to be the man behind the bomb attack.
The the culmination point of a bloody Mafia war between rival clans in
Palermo in the early 1960s – now known as the First Mafia War, a second
started in the early 1980s – for the control of the profitable opportunities
brought about by rapid urban growth and the illicit heroin trade to North
America. The struggle reaped 68 victims from 1961 to 1963.
Compare
Best man, very close friend. Literally "Godfather" in Italian.
Consigliere
The counsellor to the boss, usually an older family member who is respected
by family members.
Contract
Murder assignment.
Corleonesi
Is the name given to a faction within the Sicilian Mafia that dominated Cosa
Nostra in the 1980s and the 1990s. It was called the Corleonesi because it’s
most important leaders came from the town of Corleone, first Luciano Leggio
and later Totò Riina, Bernardo Provenzano and Leoluca Bagarella, Riina’s
brother-in-law.
Cosa Nostra
Cosa means:”our” and Nostra means “thing”. Literally means “our thing” or
“this thing is ours”.
The label La Costa Nostra was created by members of the FBI when the
existence of Italian Organized Crime could no longer be denied.
Designees
Responsible for production, transportation, storage, and wholesale
distribution of drugs.
Earner
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A term that can be applied to a made member or associate. One who has the
ability to make large amounts of money on the street.
Enforcer
A made member of the family who enforces rules, collects money etc. This is
done by intimidation, threats, violence and murder if necessary.
Fanook
A derogatory term for homosexual.
Fazoo
Italian slang translated as "bean" as "He has fazools in his head." Empty
headed, dumb. Also at one time used as "one hundred". "You owe me two
fazools." (You owe me two hundred dollars.)
Friend of mine
Introduction of a third party to made members. The one making the
introduction is saying "he's not made but he is trustworthy."
Friend of ours
Introduction of one made member to another.
Garduna
Was a secret criminal society in Spain in the late middle Ages. It was
essentially a prison gang that grew into a more organized entity over time,
involved with robbery, kidnapping, arson, and murder-for-hire. One makes his
way to Naples and founds the Camorra. One makes his way to Calabria and
founds the 'Ndrangheta. The third makes his way to Sicily and founds the
Mafia. Additionally, the circumstances’ surrounding the original shipwreck
seem to suggest their main occupations as pirates, and alludes to a
connection with pirates throughout the Spanish Empire, including the
Americas.
Hit
A contract to eliminate someone.
Intelligence analyst
Analyzes information concerning organized crime.
Juice
The excessive interest paid on money borrowed from a shylock or loan shark.
Large
A grand, one thousand. "He owes me twenty large!" means $20,000.00.
Make your bones
Perform a murder to further the families’ interest or the interest of the Don.
This is done to gain entrance to the family as a "made man."
Made man
To be a member of the crime family. Entrance is gained by "making your
bones" and usually accomplished by performing a "hit" to further the
interests of the family.
The numbers
This game dates back to 1530. Bettors attempt to pick three winning
numbers which over the course of history were drawn from different sources
at different times. The source was finally decided to be the mutual number
which was the last dollar digit of Win, Place and Show amounts bet on a
specific race at a specific race track. In the northeast it was called "Niggar
Pool" due to its enormous presence in poor African American communities. It
was also known as "Bolita" in Latin communities and was very popular in poor
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Italian communities and generally known as "Policy." It drew much popularity
because for as much as one cent a bettor could win $5.00. The payout was
500 to 1 but the odds of winning were 1000:1. This game brought millions of
dollars into organized crime pockets.
Omertá
The code of silence you must swear when you join a Family. The original code
dictated that a "Man" would through "vendetta" take care of any misdeed
done to him or his family. Reporting the misdeed to any governmental police
agency or official was strictly prohibited.
Past Posting
Another racket where a bettor would know results before the person taking
the bet. Usually done by having a spotter in another state viewing the event
and immediately relaying the info to the bettor in an attempt to place a bet
before "Official" results are posted. This very old racket was attempted as
late as 2006.
Picciotto (plural picciotti)
An Italian term used to refer to lower level mafioso soldiers. However,
picciotto usually indicates a younger, more inexperienced mafioso, one who
has not necessarily been made. Picciotti usually perform grittier tasks or
simple tasks such as beatings and robbery.
Pinch
To be arrested or to "take a pinch" for another.
RP immigration gang
Maybe the “Biggest Crime Syndicate in Asia” Cited in Philippine Star dated
November 2006 written by Delon Porcalla.
Race Wire Service
Organized crime controlled much of the race wire service which reported
results on races around the country to local "offices" which would get the
information out to their bookies. The advantage to this was the race results
were obtained almost immediately and in a lot of cases the bookie would
know the race result before the bettors so he could accept or decline bets to
his advantage.
Shylock
A person who lends money at a highly inflated rate of interest.
Skim
Money taken 'off the top" before it's reported to the IRS.
Skipper
A Captain or Capo.
Vendetta
A series of retaliatory, vengeful or hostile acts or exchange of such acts
waged by a person or group for a perceived misdeed, slight or crime.
Vig
Interest paid to a loan shark for a loan. Again the rate is usually due weekly
at a highly inflated rate.
Whack
To murder someone.