Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education

Government Polytechnic Murtizapur

Information Technology Department
20223-24

Subject

COMPUTER NETWORK (subject code:22417)

Micro-Project Topic
Classification of Network Based on Transmission Technology

Guided By :-
Prof.G.J.Solanke

Submitted By
Sr.No. Roll No. Enrollment No. Name
1 14 2212410220 DESHMUKH ATHARV SUNIL
2 43 2212410257 PATIL OM SANTOSH
3 50 2212410264 SHARMA PIYUSH MUKESH

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This is to Verify That
Mr./Ms………………………………………………...Roll No………….of Fourth

Semester Of Diploma in.............……………………………...………………………….of

Institute………………………………..…………………..………………………………..

(Code :………….……..) Has completed the Micro-Project Satisfactory in course

Computer Network (22417) for the academic year 2023-2024 as prescribed in the
curriculum.

Place…………………. Enrollment no…………………...

Date………………….. Exam Seat No.…………………..

Course Teacher Head of the Department Principal

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 -----Index-----

Sr. No. Topic Page No.

1 Introduction 04

2 Aim ,Course Outcome and Action Plan of 05

project
3 Resources 06

3 Types of transmission network technology 07

4 Point to Point network 08

5 Working on point to point network 09

6 Broadcast network 10

7 Working on Broadcast network 11

9 Characteristics of Point-to-Point & 12

Broadcast Networks
12 Applications of Point-to-Point & Broadcast 13-15
Networks
14 Advantages & Disadvantages of Point-to- 16
Point Networks
16 Advantages & Disadvantages of Broadcast 17
Networks
18 Conclusion & Reference 18

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 -----INTRODUCTION-----

Transmission technology refers to the methods and mediums used

to transmit data or information from one point to another within a network
or communication system. These technologies encompass a wide range of
methods, each with its own characteristics, advantages, and limitations.
These transmission technologies play crucial roles in various
communication systems, providing connectivity for devices, networks,
and users across different environments and applications. The choice of
transmission technology depends on factors such as required bandwidth,
distance of transmission, cost, reliability, and environmental
considerations.
One of the fundamental aspects of network-based transmission
technology is its ability to enable connectivity across different types of
networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks
(WANs), and the global Internet. This connectivity allows individuals,
organizations, and societies to communicate, collaborate, and exchange
information on a global scale. At a basic level, network-based
transmission technology involves the transmission of data packets
between sender and receiver devices. These packets contain the
information to be transmitted, along with addressing and control
information necessary for routing and delivery. Various communication
protocols, such as TCP/IP, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi, govern how these packets
are formatted, transmitted, and received across networks.

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 -----Aim of the Project-----
Classification Based on Transmission Technology.

-----Course Outcome Included-----

1. Use Basic Concept of Networking for setting of

Computer Network.

2. Setup up computer Network for Specific

Requirement.

-----Action Plan-----
Sr.No Details of Planned Planned Name of
Activity Started Finesh Date Responsible
Date Team
Members

1 Identify the 9/3/2024 7/3/2024 Atharv

Requirement
of the
project

2 Design the 10/3/2024 11/3/2024 Om

structure of
project

3 Prepare the 12/3/2024 12/3/2024 Piyush

final project

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 -----Resources-----

Sr.No. Resources Specification

1. RAM: 8GB
Laptop SSD : 512GB
Operating System : Windows 11
Processor : Intel Core i5

2. Software Microsoft Word

-----Skill Development-----
• Basic Networking Concepts:- Understand the
fundamental concepts of networking, including data
transmission, protocols, and network topologies.

• Types of Networks:- Learn about different types of

networks such as LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN, and their
characteristics in terms of coverage area, ownership, and
purpose.

• Security and Performance Considerations:-Learn about

security measures (firewalls, encryption) and performance
optimization techniques specific to different transmission
technologies.

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 -----Types Of Transmission Network Technology-----

Transmission network technology encompasses various methods

for transmitting data over networks. Each type of transmission network
technology has its own set of characteristics and applications, catering to
diverse connectivity needs across various environments and industries.
The Transmission technology means, sending a signal form one location
to another. Transmission technologies refer to the physical layer protocol
such as modulation, demodulation, line coding, error control, etc.
The Transmission technology can be categorized broadly into two
types:-
1. Point-To-Point Network
2. Broadcast Network

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 -----Point-To-Point Network-----

A point-to-point network, also known as a P2P network, is a type

of communication network architecture where two nodes are directly
connected without the need for any intermediary devices or
equipment. In this configuration, data travels directly from one node
to another, creating a dedicated communication link between the two
endpoints. Point-to-point networks are prevalent in various
applications, including telecommunications, computer networking,
and industrial automation. This comprehensive explanation will delve
into the characteristics, components, applications, advantages, and
limitations of point-to-point networks.
In Point-to-Point transmission where there is one sender and
exactly one receiver is also called as unicasting. Shown in Figure.

Example is a telephone call, in which one telephone is connected

with one other, and what is said by one caller only be heard by the
other

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 ❖ Working of Point-to-Point Network:-

- In a point-to-point network, two devices establish a direct

connection between them for communication.
- Each connection in a point-to-point network is dedicated to the
two connected devices, providing a direct and exclusive link for
communication.
- Point-to-point connections can be physical (e.g., cables) or virtual
(e.g., VPN tunnels), depending on the network architecture.
- Point-to-point networks are often used in scenarios where direct,
secure, and reliable communication is required between two
specific endpoints, such as telephone calls, video conferencing, or
private data transfer between servers.

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 -----Broadcast Network-----

Broadcasting in computer network is a group communication.

Where a sender sends data to many receivers simultaneously. This is an
all-to-all communication model where each sending device transmit data
to all other devices in the network domain. Broadcast networks are also
known as terrestrial networks. Broadcast networks have a single
communication channel that is shared or used by all the machines on the
network. Short messages called packets sent by any machine are received
by all others. Some broadcast systems also support transmission to a
subset of the machines known as multicasting.

Example a radio station broadcasts a signal to many listeners, and

digital TV subscribers receive a signal that is UC broadcast by their TV
provider. However, the newer IPv6 protocol deprecates broadcasting in
favour of multicasting.

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 ❖ Working of Broadcast Network:-

- In a broadcasting network, a single sender transmits data to all

receivers on the network simultaneously.
- The sender broadcasts the data over a shared communication
medium, such as a wireless network or Ethernet.
- All devices on the network receive the broadcasted data, and
each device determines if the data is intended for it based on the
address information in the data packet.
- Broadcasting networks are commonly used in scenarios where
information needs to be disseminated to multiple recipients at
once, such as TV or radio broadcasting, or in local area networks
(LANs) for tasks like address resolution protocol (ARP)
requests.

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 -----Characteristics of Point-to-Point Networks-----
1. Direct Connection:-Point-to-point networks establish a direct
physical or logical connection between two endpoints, enabling data
transmission without passing through intermediate nodes.
2. Dedicated Link:-Each connection in a point-to-point network is
dedicated solely to the communication between the two endpoints,
ensuring consistent performance and reliability.
3. High Performance:-Due to the absence of intermediate devices,
point-to-point connections often offer high-speed data transmission and
low latency, making them suitable for applications requiring real-time
communication.
4.Security:-Point-to-point connections can provide enhanced
security as data travels directly between the two endpoints without
passing through potentially vulnerable intermediate devices
5.Simple Topology:-Point-to-point network have a straight
forward topology with only two nodes, making them easy to configure,
manage and troubleshoot.

-----Characteristics of Broadcast Networks-----

1.One-to-Many Communication:- Broadcast networks enable
one sender to transmit data to multiple receivers simultaneously,
allowing for efficient dissemination of information to a large audience.
2.Shared Medium:- In a broadcast network, all nodes share the
same communication medium for transmitting and receiving data. This
shared medium can be a physical medium such as a coaxial cable or a
wireless medium such as radio waves.
3.Simple Topology:- Broadcast networks typically have a simple
topology, often resembling a star or bus topology, where multiple nodes
are connected to a central hub or backbone network.
4.Broadcast Addressing:- Data in a broadcast network is
addressed to a special broadcast address, which ensures that all nodes
within the network receive and process the transmitted data.
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 -----Applications of Point-to-Point Networks-----
1.Telecommunications:- Point-to-point connections are widely
used in telecommunications networks for establishing dedicated links
between network nodes, such as connecting two branch offices or linking
a customer premises to a service provider's network.

2.Computer Networking:- Point-to-point connections are

employed in computer networks for various purposes, including
connecting two computers directly, establishing VPN (Virtual Private
Network) tunnels between remote locations.

3.Industrial Automation:- In industrial environments, point-to-

point connections are utilized for connecting sensors, actuators, and
control systems directly to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) or
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems.
4.Satellite Communication:- Satellite communication systems
often employ point-to-point links for transmitting data between ground
stations and satellites or between different satellites in orbit.

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 -----Application of Broadcast Networks-----
1.Broadcast Television and Radio:- Traditional broadcast
television and radio networks use broadcast transmission to deliver
programming and content to a wide audience of viewers and listeners.

2.Wireless Broadcasting:- Wireless broadcast networks, such as

Wi-Fi and cellular networks, utilize broadcast transmission to distribute
data packets to multiple devices within a coverage area simultaneously.

3.Multicast Video Streaming:- Video streaming services often

employ multicast transmission to deliver live or on-demand video
content to multiple viewers simultaneously, optimizing bandwidth usage
and network efficiency.

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 4.Emergency Alerts and Public Announcements:- Broadcast
networks are used to disseminate emergency alerts, public
announcements, and warnings to a large population in times of natural
disasters, emergencies, or public safety concerns.

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 -----Advantages of Point-to-Point Networks-----
1.Dedicated Bandwidth:- Point-to-point connections offer
dedicated bandwidth, ensuring consistent performance and avoiding
congestion issues commonly associated with shared networks.
2.Low Latency:- With fewer intermediate devices involved,
point-to-point connections typically exhibit low latency, making them
suitable for applications requiring real-time communication, such as
voice and video conferencing.
3.Enhanced Security:- Point-to-point connections can provide
enhanced security as data travels directly between the two endpoints
without passing through potentially vulnerable intermediate devices.
4.Scalability:- Point-to-point networks can be easily scaled by
adding more direct connections between endpoints, accommodating
growing communication needs without significant infrastructure
changes.

-----Disadvantages of Point-to-Point Networks-----

1.Limited Scalability:- Point-to-point networks can become
cumbersome to manage as the number of devices increases. Each device
needs a dedicated connection to every other device, which can lead to
scalability issues and increased complexity in network management.
2.Higher Cost:- Setting up individual connections between each
pair of devices can be more expensive compared to other network
topologies, especially as the number of devices grows. This includes the
cost of cabling, connectors, and networking equipment.
4.Distance Limitations:- Point-to-point connections are typically
limited by the physical distance between nodes. As the distance
increases, signal degradation and latency can become significant issues,
limiting the feasibility of long-distance connections.
5.Limited Bandwidth Sharing:- In a point-to-point network, the
bandwidth is dedicated solely to the connected nodes, which can lead to
inefficient utilization of network resources.
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 -----Advantages of Broadcast Networks-----
1.Efficient Distribution:- Broadcast networks enable efficient
distribution of information to a large audience simultaneously, reducing
the need for individual point-to-point connections.
2.Scalability:- Broadcast networks can easily scale to accommodate
additional receivers or expand coverage areas without significant changes
to the network infrastructure.
3.Cost-Effectiveness:-Broadcasting information to multiple
recipients simultaneously can be more cost-effective than establishing
individual connections with each receiver, especially in scenarios with a
large audience.
4.Real-Time Communication:- Broadcast networks facilitate real-
time communication and dissemination of information, making them
suitable for applications requiring timely delivery of data to multiple
recipients.
-----Disadvantages of Broadcast Networks-----
1.Bandwidth Wastage:- Broadcast networks often transmit data to
all devices on the network, regardless of whether they need it or not. This
can lead to significant bandwidth wastage, especially if many devices are
connected to the network and only a few actually require the transmitted
data.
2.Security Risks:- Broadcasting data to all devices increases the
risk of unauthorized access and interception. Since data is accessible to all
devices on the network, sensitive information may be vulnerable to
eavesdropping or unauthorized access by malicious users.
3.Network Congestion:-Broadcasting can lead to network
congestion, particularly in large networks or during periods of heavy
traffic. As data is transmitted to all devices simultaneously, it can
overwhelm network resources and cause delays in communication.
4.Limited Privacy:- Since data is broadcasted to all devices, there
is limited privacy for individual users or devices. Information intended for
specific recipients may be accessible to others on the network,
compromising privacy and confidentiality.

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 -----CONCLUSION-----
The Computer Network this subject microproject given by Prof. G. J.
Solanke Sir the title of microproject is Classification Based On
Transmission Technology.
Classification based on network technology plays a crucial role in
various fields such as computer networking, cybersecurity, and
telecommunications. By categorizing different types of networks or
network technologies, it becomes easier to understand their
functionalities, advantages, and limitations. This classification helps in
making informed decisions about network design, implementation, and
troubleshooting. In the ever-evolving world of technology, staying
informed about network classifications is essential for ensuring efficient
and secure communication among devices and systems.

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 -----REFERENCE-----

1. Nirali Prakashan Book of ‘Computer Network’

2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-transmission-
technology/

3. https://www.apcsolutionsuk.com/point-to-point-network/

4. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-broadcasting-in-
computer-network/

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