Bped 53 Unit Ii Handouts

BPED 53 UNIT II HANDOUTS
NATURE AND SCOPE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS
MEANING AND SCOPE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 Physical Education an “education through the physical. It is a course

that focuses on developing Physical fitness in the youth, same as
Music, Gym and Math.
CONTEMPORARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 an educational process in the present time that uses physical

activity that helps us to be physically active for a lifetime.
Exercise Science
 study of how physical activity affects the human body. It uses

scientific method to understand how exercise impacts our health,
performance, and well-being.
Sports Program
 a structured activity that teaches and develops skills, knowledge,

and values related to a specific sports or physical activity. It can
include training, coaching, competition, and other activities aimed
at improving performance and sportsmanship.
Philosophy behind PE entails principles that teach students
the mechanics of physical activity, why it’s important, and how
they can and should remain physical active on their own.
Goals
1. Teaching the students rules, regulation, and basic knowledge of
different sports activities.
2. Developing leadership, fellowship, teamwork, sportsmanship,
and Christian values.
3. Promoting physical growth, development, and maintenance of

physical fitness through activities that develop strength, vigor,
vitality, skills, and coordination.
4. Developing social competence in the areas of relationship with
others, cooperation, competition, tolerance, ethical character, and
recognition of the fundamental worth of each individual.
5. Developing communication skills and fostering cooperative
attitudes between the students in a recreational setting
6. Teaching leisure sports that will carry over high school.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• Physical Education curriculum enable all students to
enjoy and succeed in many kinds of physical activity.
• Develop a wide range of skills and the ability to use
tactics, strategies and compositional ideas to perform
successfully.
• Develop confidence to take part in different physical
activities and learn about the value of healthy, and
active lifestyle.
It aims are to:
 Encourage a healthy and active lifestyle throughout

the school body.
 Nature sportsmanship in all aspect of competition.
 Widen each students sporting experience and
 enjoyment.
 Create a passion for active recreation and sport
 Assist students in reaching their physical potential in
variety of sporting environments
Exercise Science
• Focus on the effects physical activity has on

human body.
• Study in kinesiology included biomechanics,
exercise physiology and motor control.
• Study of bodily movements that contribute to
human fitness, holistic wellness and longevity.
• Career for people who want to learn how to
live longer and happier lives while helping
other to achieve the same goals.
Sports
• Organize competitive physical activity governed by rules that

standardize the competition and conditions so individuals can
compete fairly.
SPECIALIZED AREA OF STUDY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Exercise Physiology: Studies how exercise impacts the body,
including changes to muscles, heart, and nervous system.
2. Sports Medicine: 20 Focuses on preventing and treating injuries
related to sports and exercise.
3. Sport Biomechanics: Applies physics to understand how the body
moves during sports
4. Sport History: Examines the evolution of sports and their role in
society throughout history. 21
5. Sport and Exercise Psychology: Studies the mental aspects of
sports performance and how exercise affects mental health.
6. Motor Development: Explores how children develop their physical
skills, from gross motor skills like walking to fine motor skills like
writing.
7. Motor Learning: Investigates how people learn and improve their
movement skills through practice and experience.
8. Sport Sociology: Examines the social context of sports and their
impact on society.
9. Physical Education Pedagogy: Focuses on the teaching and
learning of physical education, including effective teaching
methods and curriculum development.
10. Adapted Physical Activity: Provides programs and services to
promote physical activity for people with disabilities.
11. Sport Management: Covers the business aspects of sports,
including managing facilities, budgets, and events.
12. Sports Philosophy: Examines the values and principles of
sports and their role in human development.
BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
 Is complete set of concept, terms and activities that make up a

professional domain, as defines by the relevant learned society or
professional association.
 Refers to the core teaching and skills required to work in a particular
field or industry.
KNOWLEDGE IN SPORTS
 Declarative Knowledge - includes facts, definitions, game rules and

all things that we can easily verbalize.
 Procedural Knowledge - is the “how to”, like how to throw a
baseball, or how to fix a bike tube. It is the connection between a
situation.
 Strategic Knowledge - involves knowledge of strategies and general
rules, like playing zone defense, or give-and-go passing.
What is Sport
 Form of physical activity or game. A competitive and organized,

sports use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills. Also,
provide enjoyment to participants, and in some cases,
entertainment to spectators.
Formals
 It conceives of sport as constituted solely by written rules.
Conventionalism
 Conventionalism attempts to address the limitations of formalism by

recognizing the normative significance of unwritten rules of the
game.
Broad Internalism/Interpretivism
 In contrast both to formalists who see sport as constituted by rules

only and conventionalists for whom sport is constituted by rules and
conventions, broad internalizes maintain that sport is constituted by
rules, conventions, as well as underlying intrinsic principles.
Cirero thought that physical exercise performed by Greek wasabsurb.
Scipio criticized Greek for going to Paleastra

Horace felt the Greek system did not develop endurance and stamina
enough for the romans.
Tacitus criticized the habits of taking of one’s cloth to exercise.
Broad Internalism/Interpretivism
Herodotus: Recognized the use of PE as an aid to medicine
Galen: Stated that PE is a part of hygiene and subordinate to medicine.
Hippocrates: Proclaim the law of use and disuse of the parts of the body.
Socrates: Gave emphasis on the importance of PE in attaining health in

order to achieve one purpose life.
Plate: Considered musics and gymnastics as the two most important

subject in the curriculum.
Aristotle: recognized the close interrelation of the body and soul, and the
mental faculties can be affected by poor health.
Xenophon: Thought of PE as important in terms of military.
Branches of philosophy
Philosophy’s branches of study are generally divided into four domains

metaphysics, epistemology, logic, and axiology.
Metaphysics seeks to address the ultimate nature of reality that is what
is real and exists.
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with examining
the nature of Knowledge. It uses critical, analytical methods to examine
the structure of knowledge, its origin, and its limits.
Logic focuses on the examination of ideas in an orderly and systematic
way.
Axiology examines the nature of values. Two extensions of axiology are
ethics and aesthetics. Ethics is concerned with issues of right and
wrong, responsibility, and standards conduct.

Physical Education
 The philosophy underlying physical education (PE) utilizes principles

that encourage exploration and mastery of physical, mental and
social skills, the goals of physical fitness include the development of
motor and social skills, the appreciation for rules and appreciation of
those of a different background.
Sports and Exercise Science
 The sport and exercise sciences could be described as second-order

fields, since they rely and build on the concepts of more
fundamental disciplines like physiology, mathematics and
psychology, and seek to apply them in sporting contexts.
EASTERN TRADITIONS OF PHILOSOPHY
Confucianism
 Self-discipline
 Respect for Coaches; and
 Ethical Behavior
Buddhism
 Buddhist Principle promote mental calmness and focus.

 Encouraging a holistic approach that integrates both mind and body
in training.
Taoism
 Emphasize natural movement and flow like Tai Chi.

 Athletes should work with their nature abilities rather than against
them.
WESTERN TRADITIONS OF PHILOSOPHY
ANCIENT GREEK philosophy
 The idea of “sound and mind inna body”–Thales

 Emphasis on physical fitness, competition and development of both
body and mind.
Renaissance and enlighten thought
 Promoted individuals’ rationalism and the pursuit of human

potential.
Contemporary western views
 Play
 Equality
 Role of sports in society
SCOPE OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF SPORT
In the philosophy of sport focus on understandingthe basic principles,

assumptions, values, ideas,and skills which constitute sports, physical
cultures,kinesiology, games and play.
Sportsmanship
 Respect the game, play fairly, and follow all rules and policies.
Accept the decisions of officials and site directors with goods grace.
Demonstrate good sportmanship before, during and after games,
win or lose. Represent oneself, the team, and the program in a
positive demeanor.
Cheating
 Is a circumventing or violating legal or moral rules, pretending to

respect them, in order to take unfair advantage of them.
Performance
 Analysis is driven by a sports need to understand and improve

tactics, technique, and movement, achieved through the delivery of
real and lapsed time object feedback.
Enhancement
 Referred to as an ergogenic aid in sports to enhance the

performance of athletes.
Sex, Gender, and Race
 From a gender perspectives, sport exemplifies a societal and

cultural process in which the social construction of femininity and
masculinity plays a key role in influencing behaviors and
approaches.
Fans and spectators
 Those who watch sport, either directly (in person) or indirectly (via
the media), while fans also watch but have an affiliation in which
aspects of identity, emotional significance and value are derived
from group membership.
Disability Sport
 Term that refers to sport designed for, or specifically practiced by

people with disabilities. People with disabilities are also referred to
as athletes with disabilities.
The aesthetic of sport
 Fusion of sport and art, where athletes aim to achieve a harmonious

blend of physical powers, technical skills, and artistics.
“AN ACTIVE MIND
CANNOT EXIST IN AN
INACTIVE BODY”-PATTON, G.
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BPED 53 UNIT II HANDOUTS

NATURE AND SCOPE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS

MEANING AND SCOPE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

 Physical Education an “education through the physical. It is a course

CONTEMPORARY PHYSICAL EDUCATION

 an educational process in the present time that uses physical

 study of how physical activity affects the human body. It uses

 a structured activity that teaches and develops skills, knowledge,

Philosophy behind PE entails principles that teach students

the mechanics of physical activity, why it’s important, and how

they can and should remain physical active on their own.

1. Teaching the students rules, regulation, and basic knowledge of

different sports activities.

2. Developing leadership, fellowship, teamwork, sportsmanship,

and Christian values.

3. Promoting physical growth, development, and maintenance of

vitality, skills, and coordination.

4. Developing social competence in the areas of relationship with

others, cooperation, competition, tolerance, ethical character, and

recognition of the fundamental worth of each individual.

5. Developing communication skills and fostering cooperative

attitudes between the students in a recreational setting

6. Teaching leisure sports that will carry over high school.

THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

• Physical Education curriculum enable all students to

enjoy and succeed in many kinds of physical activity.

• Develop a wide range of skills and the ability to use

tactics, strategies and compositional ideas to perform

• Develop confidence to take part in different physical

activities and learn about the value of healthy, and

It aims are to:

 Encourage a healthy and active lifestyle throughout

• Focus on the effects physical activity has on

• Organize competitive physical activity governed by rules that

SPECIALIZED AREA OF STUDY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

 Is complete set of concept, terms and activities that make up a

 Declarative Knowledge - includes facts, definitions, game rules and

 Form of physical activity or game. A competitive and organized,

 It conceives of sport as constituted solely by written rules.

 Conventionalism attempts to address the limitations of formalism by

 In contrast both to formalists who see sport as constituted by rules

Cirero thought that physical exercise performed by Greek wasabsurb.

Scipio criticized Greek for going to Paleastra

Tacitus criticized the habits of taking of one’s cloth to exercise.

Herodotus: Recognized the use of PE as an aid to medicine

Galen: Stated that PE is a part of hygiene and subordinate to medicine.

Socrates: Gave emphasis on the importance of PE in attaining health in

Plate: Considered musics and gymnastics as the two most important

Xenophon: Thought of PE as important in terms of military.

Philosophy’s branches of study are generally divided into four domains

Metaphysics seeks to address the ultimate nature of reality that is what

is real and exists.

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with examining

the nature of Knowledge. It uses critical, analytical methods to examine

the structure of knowledge, its origin, and its limits.

Logic focuses on the examination of ideas in an orderly and systematic

Axiology examines the nature of values. Two extensions of axiology are

ethics and aesthetics. Ethics is concerned with issues of right and

wrong, responsibility, and standards conduct.