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Smart Solar Powered Agricultural Fertilizer Sprayer

To cite this article: Srinivasan Mallan et al 2021 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 1084 012072

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

Smart Solar Powered Agricultural Fertilizer

Sprayer
Srinivasan Mallan1, K Karthick2 , B Cheran3 and S Karthickram4
1,2,3,4
Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode - 638401
[email protected]

Abstract- Energy demand is a major thread for our country. Nowadays, with the depletion of the conventional
sources of energy the usage of non conventional sources are in a rise. To meet this huge energy demand one of the
important source that can be used is the solar energy. As this solar energy is being used in many other places like
pumping water from the well, it will also prove helpful to the farmer by implementing it in agriculture sector. By
introducing solar energy the pollution due to the usage of diesel and petrol is controlled. Hence in agricultural
sector solar energy can be used for spraying fertilizers, pesticides, etc., with the help of Solar sprayers. In this
paper we have discussed that instead of using fossil fuels like diesel, petrol, etc., for spraying fertilizers solar
power is used, where the later proves to be efficient than the former.

Keywords- Solar Sprayer; Fossil Fuel; Solar Energy; Energy saver

INTRODUCTION

Farming is the foundation of our nation. In horticulture part, splashing of pesticides is an imperative
undertaking to monitor the harvests from creepy crawlies for getting high return. Be that as it may,
ranchers are mainly abuse antiquated run of the mill methods like hand worked and fuel worked sprayer
framework for splashing pesticides. Fuel is expensive and in a few spots fuel probably won't be
accessible. The usage of sun oriented power framework is Associate in nursing substitute goals for
these restrictions. Subsequently, a star supercharged farming synthetic sprayer is implied and
imaginary[1]. The framework was structured and manufactured by considering parameters like
wanted splashing capacity, low weight, minimal effort, simple nature, high employable time and for
snappier inclusion of room. In this way, the star sprayer was invented to be a cost for cash item inside
the horticultural segment.

Sprayer gives ideal usage of pesticides or any fluid with least endeavors. In Indian ranches commonly
2 sorts of splash siphons are utilized for showering, they're hand worked splash siphon and fuel
worked shower siphon, out of that hand worked splash siphons are favored. To murder the vermin and
creepy crawlies pesticides, composts are splashed either physically or by exploitation sprayers. Prior,
the pesticides and composts were wet physically, yet they will finish in hurtful consequences for
ranchers. in order to beat this drawback, entirely unexpected showering systems have been created[2].
These sprayers incorporate entirely unexpected instruments and furthermore the cost of device is for
the most part high. A sun oriented worked sprayer is easy to deal with and support free, in this way
is sensible to the ranchers. In this manner a sun powered worked sprayer is planned and created [3].

In our nation there are for the most part radiant days and this kind of atmosphere is appropriate to
produce control through sun based board. The normal force of sun based radiation got in India is 200
MW/km square (megawatt per kilometer square).In request to diminish the contamination and fuel
utilization in the field of agribusiness we are presenting sun powered boards and dc siphon engines
in the compost splashing framework[4]. The vitality for this framework is gotten from sun based boards
and the yield from the sun oriented board is given to charge controller which directs the
power and it is utilized to charge the battery. The power from the battery is utilized to work the

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

siphon engine[5]. Here in this paper we have examined insight regarding the compost splashing
framework.

1.EXPERIMENTAL WORK

1.1Pump Control

Furthermore, introducing siphon controls and variable speed controls is less demanding on an electric
engine than it is for a diesel motor. While these kinds of controls can be added to diesel motors, they
are exorbitant, and progressively vital, they can diminish the effectiveness of the engine. This isn't
the situation while including controls and variable speed highlights to electric engines, which when
connected accurately, extraordinarily increment the proficiency and solidness of the engine, improve
control in pipelines and waterways and decrease vitality use. Electric engines can be computerized and
controlled remotely. Variable speed drives and delicate starters in electric engines are parts that
assistance relieve control floods. The innovation exists and is becoming immediately dependent on
consistently diminishing expenses to screen and control an electric-driven water system siphon
framework remotely.

1.2Environmental Impacts

Maybe the abrogating inspiration to change to electric, especially in the previous couple of years, is
the worry with ecological issues. An electric engine runs cleaner than a diesel - controlled motor.
Electric power plants keep on making power in cleaner ways. Likewise, the expansion to the framework
of substitute vitality sources, for example, wind and sun oriented, give power for all intents and
purposes zero carbon emanations. An electric engine takes into account the utilization of much lower
carbon discharge control versus an equivalent diesel motor. The destructive natural impacts from inside
ignition motors dwarf those from power.

1.3 Efficiency of Thermal Engine

Since Carnot's rule expresses that no motor can be more productive than a reversible motor (a Carnot
heat motor) working between a similar high temperature and low temperature supplies, the Diesel
motor must have lower effectiveness than the Carnot proficiency. A run of the mill diesel car motor
works at around 30% to 35% of warm effectiveness. Around 65-70% is dismissed as waste warmth
without being changed over into helpful work, for example work conveyed to wheels. All in all,
motors utilizing the Diesel cycle are normally increasingly proficient, than motors utilizing the Otto
cycle. The diesel motor has the most noteworthy warm productivity of any handy burning motor. Low-
speed diesel motors (as utilized in boats) can have a warm effectiveness that surpasses half. The
biggest diesel motor on the planet crests at 51.7%.
.
1.4 DC Pump Motor

DC fueled siphons utilize direct current fro m engine, battery, or sunlight based capacity to move liquid
in an assortment of ways. Mechanized siphons commonly work on 6, 12, 24, or 32 volts of DC control.

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

Sun oriented controlled DC siphons utilize photovoltaic (PV) boards with sun powered cells that produce
direct current when presented to daylight.

1.5 DC Vs AC

The primary preferred standpoint of DC (direct current) siphons over AC (exchanging current) siphons is
that they can work straightforwardly from a battery, making them increasingly advantageous and
versatile. They are less demanding to work and control, since AC frameworks ordinarily require a
controller to oversee speed. DC siphons additionally will in general be progressively proficient. Be that
as it may, AC siphons typically are intended for higher paces and bigger blasts of intensity. They likewise
have a more drawn out working life expectancy than DC siphons.

1.6 Block Diagram

Figure 1.Block Diagram of Smart Solar Powered Agricultural Fertilizer Sprayer

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

Figure 2.Block Diagram of Solar Panel

1.7 Technical Specification;

Weight of the panel: 1kg Capacity of Tank: 2 liters.

Weight of the dc pump motor: 3.6 kg.
Voltage rating of pump motor: 12v dc
Current rating of pump motor: 1.5 A
Open circuit voltage rating of solar panel: 12.3v
Short circuit Current rating of solar panel: 1.62 A
Weight of the panel: 1kg
Voltage rating of battery: 12v
Current rating of battery: 12Ah

1.8 Design Calculation:

Maximum power obtained from the panel

= Voc*Isc

=12.3*1.62

=19.926 W Maximum power obtained from the battery = V*I

=12*12

=144 Wh

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

Time required charging the battery

= (power from the battery) / (power generated from the solar panel)

= 144/19.926

= 7.2 hrs Maximum running time of the sprayer

(Power from the battery) / (Power consumed by motor)

= 144 / (1.5*12)

= 8 hours

1.9 Time Measurement

● When the Solar radiation intensity is between 200 to 300 mW/Cm2: 3 to 4 hrs.
● When the Solar radiation intensity is between 300 to 400 mW/ Cm2: 2 to 3 hrs.
● When the Solar radiation intensity is between 400 to 600 mW/ Cm2: 1 hour.
● Running period: 3 to 4 hours

Figure 3. Graph-Intensity of Solar Radiation Vs Time

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

1.10 Cost Calculation;

● Cost of the dc pump motor: Rs 1500

● Cost ot the battery: Rs 3500
● Cost of the solar panel: Rs 2000
● Total cost the system approximately: Rs.8000

2.WORKING

(i) Solar power is used for the purpose of spraying fertilizers. Here the Solar panel is connected to the
battery with the help of charge controller. It is connected to battery through the charge controller for
voltage regulation. Here the voltage regulation is important for the purpose of protecting the battery
from the condition of overcharging.

(ii)This battery when there is interruption in solar power during night can be charged with the help of
EB lines. The alternating current from the EB line is fed to the battery through the converters where
these converters help in converting alternating current to direct current.

(iii)After the charging of the battery, the power stored in the battery can be used for solar sprayers for
spraying fertilizers, etc., which is connected through the DC pump motor. This DC pump motor replaces
Diesel engines for the pumping of fertilizers. As we are replacing diesel engines with DC pump motor
it helps in reducing the pollution to a much greater extent.

(iv)Thus the power from the battery can also be used for multiple purposes like charging mobile phones
and also for lighting LED’s which are connected to the circuit which will prove helpful to the farmers
and the people working in the agricultural field.

CONCLUSION

Along these lines solar based fertilizer sprayers will help the farmers of those remote zones of nation
where fuel isn't accessible effectively. They can play out their ordinary work just as it spares fuel up
to substantial degree. In the meantime they can do their pesticide spraying with extremely less condition
contamination. From the graph (fig.3) we can conclude that time required to charge the battery
depends on the intensity of the solar radiation .It is simple, compatible and it is easy to use. These types
of innovations are essential for future due to the depletion and increase in the fuel cost.

References

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ICCSSS 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1084 (2021) 012072 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1084/1/012072

[3] Tuan Le-Anh, M.B.M. and DeKoster, “A Review Of Design and Control of Automated
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