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Czech Security
Dilemma
Russia as a Friend or Enemy?
Edited by
Jan Holzer · Miroslav Mareš
New Security Challenges
Series Editor
George Christou
University of Warwick
Coventry, UK
The last decade has demonstrated that threats to security vary greatly in
their causes and manifestations and that they invite interest and demand
responses from the social sciences, civil society, and a very broad policy
community. In the past, the avoidance of war was the primary objective,
but with the end of the Cold War the retention of military defence as
the centrepiece of international security agenda became untenable. There
has been, therefore, a significant shift in emphasis away from traditional
approaches to security to a new agenda that talks of the softer side of
security, in terms of human security, economic security, and environmen-
tal security. The topical New Security Challenges series reflects this press-
ing political and research agenda.
Czech Security
Dilemma
Russia as a Friend or Enemy?
Editors
Jan Holzer Miroslav Mareš
Department of Political Science Department of Political Science
Masaryk University Masaryk University
Brno, Czech Republic Brno, Czech Republic
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights
of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction
on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and
information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication.
Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied,
with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have
been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published
maps and institutional affiliations.
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature
Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
v
vi Preface
way to the individual studies. On the whole, the book thus reflects the
perspective of a truly interdisciplinary team of contributors, and corre-
sponds with the broadly conceptualized goals of the research project.
Brno, February 2019, on behalf of the team of authors, Jan Holzer
and Miroslav Mareš.
vii
viii Contents
Index 233
Notes on Contributors
ix
x Notes on Contributors
Fig. 4.1 The volume of Czech exports to and imports from Russia
(left axis, CZK thousand) and the Russian share of total
Czech exports and imports (right axis, %) 98
Fig. 4.2 Net flows of Czech OFDI to Russia (CZK thousand) 104
Fig. 4.3 Total IFDI into the Czech Republic (CZK thousand)
and the volume of IFDI from Russia 106
Fig. 4.4 The long-term trend in IFDI from Russia and Cyprus into
the Czech Republic (CZK million; the principle
of an immediate investor) 107
Fig. 4.5 Czech migration from/to Russia and Russians living
in the Czech Republic (2000–2016) 109
Fig. 4.6 The number of Russian tourists staying overnight
in the Czech Republic(left axis) and the Carlsbad region
(right axis) in the period 2000–2017 (Since 2012,
the methodology used by the CZSO has been improved
and therefore the data series starting in that year are
collected in a different way. Nevertheless, as data obtained
in both ways are available for the year 2012 and 2013
and the differences between the two methods are very
small, we consider the series to be uniform) 110
xiii
List of Tables
xv
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“You did not hear me,” Evelyn retorted. “Mrs. Ward was in here.”
“Mrs. Ward!” Burnham turned and gazed uneasily about the room,
and back at Evelyn. “What was she doing here?”
“She said she came in to straighten the room.” Evelyn paused in her
contemplation of Burnham and also glanced about the room. Mrs.
Ward had evidently arranged the shades and curtains so as to
darken the library, and Evelyn, her eyes accustomed to the sun-lit
hall, made out the familiar objects with some difficulty. “I hope Mrs.
Ward did not dust,” she added as Burnham kept silent. “Detective
Mitchell expressly stated we were not to dust in here.”
“And pray where have you seen Mitchell?” asked Burnham quickly.
“Here,” meeting his irate gaze calmly. “The detective spends a great
deal of time in and about the house. Don’t you think you had better
go back to bed?”
Burnham muttered something she did not catch. “Have you seen
that jackass, Jones?” he asked in a louder key.
“Yes, he is looking for Mother.” Evelyn’s eyes were growing more
used to the light and she saw that a drawer of the desk table was
opened, and an over-turned scrap-basket lay on the floor near at
hand. “Why did you lock the library door?”
“To prevent intrusions,” replied Burnham shortly. “The police have
ordered this room closed; very well, it shall remain closed. Please
notify Mrs. Ward to that effect, and also kindly tell Jones to bring me
my clothes. I’ll——” a coughing spell interrupted him. “Tell Jones I’ll
discharge him if he doesn’t,” he added as soon as he could speak.
“Also ask him if he sent that telephone for Dr. Hayden.”
“I heard him do that,” volunteered Evelyn. “The doctor said he would
be in after his morning office hours were over.”
“Oh, all right.” Burnham moved to the desk and picked up a pencil
sharpener from among the brass ornaments lying about. “Hurry,
Evelyn, and send Jones to my room with my clothes.”
But Evelyn did not start at once on her errand; there was a feverish
anxiety about Burnham which puzzled her. His explanation of his
presence in the room was plausible; it was a natural impulse to look
in the library if he heard any one moving about in the room closed
by order of the coroner, and perfectly proper to lock the door to
prevent others entering. But why had he not looked into the hall on
first entering the library to see who had left the room? Why wait
nearly five minutes, for that time at least had elapsed while she,
Evelyn, had engaged the housekeeper in conversation, before
jerking open the door? And why select the moment when she and
not Mrs. Ward was standing before it? Come to think of it, she had
rattled the knob in trying to open the door; of course, that would
attract Burnham’s attention and cause him to find out who was
trying to enter. Satisfied with the sudden solution which had
occurred to her, Evelyn woke up to the fact that Burnham was
thumping nervously on the door which he held invitingly open.
“Hurry, hurry,” he reiterated, and Evelyn sped out of the room.
Burnham waited a moment after closing the hall door and locking it
securely, then taking out his bunch of keys he slipped the key on its
silver ring and dropped them back in his pocket. Next he hurried
over to the desk and gathered some papers from the drawer, closed
it, picked up the scrap-basket and placed it under the desk, and
taking a pocket chess board from the table he returned to his
bedroom through the communicating door, closing it carefully behind
him. After pulling up the shades and pushing back the curtains and
flooding the room with light, he clambered back into bed and
commenced reading over the papers he still clutched in his hand. He
was absorbed in working out a difficult chess problem on the pocket
board when a rap on his hall door disturbed him.
“Come in, Jones,” he called, but instead of his butler, Dr. Hayden
walked in. Burnham’s worried expression changed to one of relief. “I
thought you would never come,” he exclaimed, pushing aside the
chess diagrams lying on the counterpane. “Draw up a chair and let’s
talk; don’t bother about that thermometer,” frowning. “My
temperature is normal, I’ve taken it,” pointing to a silver encased
instrument lying on the bed stand.
Hayden smiled as he sat down, having first, however, poured out a
glass of water from a carafe on the stand and put his thermometer
in the glass of water.
“Amateur diagnosticians make work for the physicians,” he said good
naturedly. “What are your symptoms to-day, Burnham?”
But Burnham did not smile. “I know what ails me,” he retorted
doggedly, his eyes shifting about the room and then back at Hayden.
“Worry has played the devil with my digestive organs. I’ll admit I
had a beastly night, but I am all right now. I don’t like the baby’s
food my wife insists on sending up to me, gruel and such stuff. I
want a square meal.”
“We’ll see.” Hayden laid his fingers on Burnham’s wrist. “Pulse all
right,” he said cheerily. “Stop worrying, Burnham, and give your
nervous system a rest. I have told you before that you work yourself
into these excitements.”
“Work myself up!” exclaimed Burnham bitterly. “Nothing of the sort.
Do you think a man of my temperament can keep calm after finding
a dead man in one of my rooms and being shot at two nights ago—
and the murderer still at large? Why, man, my life’s in danger any
hour, any moment until René La Montagne is put under restraint.”
Hayden held up a cautioning hand. “Hold on, Burnham, we do not
know for certain that La Montagne shot at you on Thursday night;
your charge is unsubstantiated.”
“I am morally certain of it,” declared Burnham, sitting bolt upright.
“Not only that he tried to get me then, but that he killed the
unknown man here on Monday night in mistake for me.”
“What!” Hayden regarded Burnham’s flushed countenance with keen
attention. “Come, come, Burnham, don’t talk nonsense; be sensible.”
“You can think me cracked if you like.” Burnham’s jaw protruded
obstinately. “Let me tell you something: La Montagne expected to
find me here Monday night because I wrote him to meet me here.”
“You did!” Hayden stared in astonishment at his patient. “Why did
you make an appointment with him if you did not like or trust the
man?”
“Because I wanted him to understand, once and for all, that neither
Mrs. Burnham nor I would permit Evelyn to marry him.” Burnham
cleared his throat, his voice having grown husky. “Evelyn was
expected in Washington and I wanted the Frenchman told before
they met.”
“Well, did you see La Montagne Monday night?” asked Hayden.
“No, business in Philadelphia upset my plans.” Burnham’s eyes again
shifted from his physician. “I did not reach Washington until
Tuesday.”
“Oh!” Hayden stroked his chin reflectively. Burnham was certainly
working himself into a state of nervous agitation, and the astute
physician was wondering how much reliance to place upon his
statements. It was very obvious, however, that Burnham was bent
on talking to some one, and Hayden decided it was better to thresh
the subject out with him, rather than have him bottle up his spleen
and nurse his wrongs, fancied or otherwise.
“Let us look at the situation sensibly and without excitement,” he
said. “You believe La Montagne killed this unknown man in mistake
for you?”
“Yes.”
Hayden’s next question was checked by the entrance of Evelyn
whose over-bright eyes indicated suppressed excitement.
“Jones has gone,” she announced, hardly greeting Hayden as she
walked over to the bed.
“Gone! Gone where?” Burnham half rose.
“I don’t know—no one knows.” Evelyn waved her hands. “He just
left.”
“Walked out?”
“I suppose so,” glancing in surprise at Burnham who had almost
shouted the question. He noted her expression and modified his
tone. “What have you in your hand, Evelyn?”
For answer she laid a small package on the bed and Burnham half
extended his hand and then drew it back.
“It’s been opened,” he exclaimed. “Who opened it?”
“I don’t know. I found the package on the hall table downstairs
when I went to answer the front door.”
Burnham pulled off the outer covering of the package with such
vigor that its contents fell in a shower over the bed.
“It’s only your chess problem diagrams from Europe,” exclaimed
Evelyn, picking up one which fell at her feet. “Why make such a fuss
about them?” observing Burnham’s growing wrath.
He changed the subject with abruptness. “Your mother has
repeatedly told you not to go to the door, Evelyn, but to wait for one
of the servants. It is not dignified for you to answer the door bell.”
“I only went because I did not wish to keep Detective Mitchell
standing on the steps any longer,” she protested, coloring under his
rebuke. “Mr. Mitchell said you had telephoned for him.”
“So I did. Why didn’t you say at once that he was here?” glaring at
her. “Ask him to come in,” and as Evelyn made for the door he added
in an aside to Hayden: “When I send important messages I
telephone from the library.” He leaned over and spoke in a
confidential whisper. “I know I’m watched; they can’t fool me. Come
in, Mitchell,” he called more loudly and frowned as Evelyn, her
curiosity piqued by the situation, walked determinedly in behind the
detective; then his frown changed to a smile and he dropped his
eyes so that the others might not see the sudden crafty malice
which lit them.
“Draw up a chair, Evelyn,” he suggested politely, but disregarding his
remark she walked over to the bed and leaned against the
footboard. Detective Mitchell likewise remained standing by Hayden
and waited for Burnham to address him.
“Found the murderer yet?” asked Burnham.
“No, sir.”
“Identified the dead man?”
“Not yet, sir.” Mitchell shifted his weight somewhat and rested one
hand on the bed. “It is only a matter of hours now.”
“Ah, indeed. Well, I’ll assist in pushing the clock hands forward.”
Burnham paused to sip some water from a glass on the bedstand;
his throat was getting dry. When he addressed his companions he
spoke with deliberate impressiveness. “The dead man was murdered
in mistake for me,” he began. “And by the same man who on
Thursday night again tried to kill me, that time by shooting.”
Mitchell bent eagerly forward. “Who is this man?”
“René La Montagne of France.”
“You lie!” Evelyn, her eyes blazing with wrath, shook the bed to
emphasize her words. “You lie!”
“I don’t!” Burnham glared back at her and smiled triumphantly. “I
can prove my statement. Take down the charge, Mitchell.”
“One moment.” Hayden rose. “Let us talk this over a bit, Burnham.
You say that the unidentified dead man was murdered in mistake for
you by Captain La Montagne. Did Captain La Montagne know you by
sight then?”
“Of course he did,” testily. “We met years ago in Paris.”
Hayden shook his head in bewilderment. “Then your theory that La
Montagne mistook this unidentified dead man for you, Burnham,
hardly is borne out by the medical evidence.”
“What d’ye mean?” The question shot from Burnham, down whose
hot face perspiration was trickling.
“Why, simply that the man was killed by a dose of hydrocyanic acid.”
Hayden spoke deliberately to make sure the excited man understood
him. “If these two men were drinking together, as seems a natural
supposition, La Montagne would have known his companion was not
you and would not have administered the poison. He wasn’t
shooting at you in the dark.”
“Not then, perhaps——” Evelyn, who had shot a grateful look at
Hayden, whitened as she caught the venom in Burnham’s tone.
“Listen to me, Mitchell; I want your full attention. La Montagne has
great reason to dislike me, to even fear me. Be quiet,” as Evelyn
endeavored to speak. “I had an appointment to meet La Montagne
here on Monday night.”
“You did!” Evelyn stared astounded at her step-father.
“But I was detained and could not keep the appointment,” went on
Burnham. He moistened his dry lips before continuing. “I take back
what I said about La Montagne mistaking the dead man for me. He
undoubtedly brought the man here to assist in assassinating me
and, finding I did not arrive, killed the man from a double motive—to
get rid of a witness who might possibly betray him and to convict me
of the crime.”
Evelyn stared at Burnham and then at her companions, her eyes half
out of her head.
“You are mad! Utterly mad!” she gasped.
“So that is your cue, is it?” Burnham laughed heartily, immoderately,
and Hayden edged nearer the bed, ready for any emergency.
Mitchell was the first to speak.
“That’s a very neat theory,” he said, and his calm manner had a
quieting effect upon Burnham. “You say you had an engagement to
meet Captain La Montagne here, sir, but that you did not keep it.
Then how did Captain La Montagne and this unidentified man—you
claim, his companion—get inside your house?”
Burnham slipped his hand under the pillow and dragged out a sheet
of note paper. “Here is a copy of my letter to Captain La Montagne
making the appointment for Monday night. In it you will see that I
said that my train might be late, and not wishing to keep him
standing on the doorstep in what might be inclement weather, I
enclosed my latch key.”
Evelyn gazed aghast at Burnham and then vaguely about the room;
its familiar objects wavered and danced before her vision and with a
pitiful cry she sank fainting into Detective Mitchell’s arms.
CHAPTER XV
THE BEST LAID PLANS....