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    Mean Precipitation Calculation Over An Area

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    Kashpia Hamid

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mean Precipitation Calculation Over An Area

    Uploaded by

    Kashpia Hamid
    2 views9 pages

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    Mean Precipitation Calculation over an Area

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    2 views9 pages

    Mean Precipitation Calculation Over An Area

    Uploaded by

    Kashpia Hamid

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    Mean Precipitation Calculation over an Area

    PREPARED BY AFIA JAHIN


    LECTURER, STAMFORD UNIVERSITY BANGLADESH
    Arithmetic-Mean Method

    • The areal average precipitation for the watershed is:

    𝑁
    1
    ഥ=
    𝑃 ෍ 𝑃𝑖
    𝑁
    𝑖=1

    where,

    P i = rainfall recorded at i th gage


    i = gages
    Thiessen-Mean Method

    • The areal average precipitation for the watershed is:

    𝑀
    1
    ഥ=
    𝑃 ෍ 𝐴 𝑖 𝑃𝑖
    𝐴
    𝑖=1

    where,

    P i = rainfall recorded at i th gage


    i = gages
    A i = area within the watershed assigned to i th gage
    Isohyetal Method

    • The areal average precipitation for the watershed is:

    𝑃1 + 𝑃2 𝑃 + 𝑃3 𝑃 + 𝑃𝑛
    𝑎1 + 𝑎2 2 + ⋯ + 𝑎 𝑛−1 𝑛−1
    ഥ= 2 2 2
    𝑃
    𝐴

    where,

    P 1, P 2, ………P n = values of isohyets


    a 1, a 2, ………a n-1 = inter-isohyet areas
    Thiessen-Mean Method (Example)
    In a catchment area, approximated by a circle of diameter 100 km, four
    rainfall stations are situated inside the catchment and one station is
    outside in its neighborhood. The coordinates of the center of the
    catchment and of the five stations are given in the table. Also given are
    the annual precipitation recorded by the five stations in 1980.
    Determine the average annual precipitation by the Thiessen-mean
    method.

    Centre: (100,100) Diameter: 100 km


    Distances are in km

    Station 1 2 3 4 5
    Coordinates (30,80) (70,100) (100,140) (130,100) (100,70)
    Precipitation (cm) 85 135.2 95.3 146.4 102.2
    Area (km2) -- 2141 1609 2141 1963
    Thiessen-Mean Method (Example) – Contd.

    d e
    c
    2 (100,100)
    4

    b
    1

    f
    a 5
    Thiessen-Mean Method (Example) – Contd.
    Boundary Area, A Precipitation, P
    Station AiPi
    of Area (km2) (cm)
    1 --- 85 ---
    2 abcd 2141 135.2 289463
    3 dce 1609 95.3 153338
    4 ecbf 2141 146.4 313442
    5 fba 1963 102.2 200619
    Total 7854 956862

    Mean Precipitation = 956862/7854 = 121.84 cm (Answer)


    Isohyetal Method (Example)
    The isohyets due to a storm in a catchment were drawn in the figure below and the
    area of the catchment bounded by isohyets were tabulated in the following table.

    8
    10
    6 C
    9.2 Isohyets (cm) Area (km2)
    12 D
    B
    Station-12.0 30
    7.0
    4
    12.0-10.0 140
    A
    7.2 10.0-8.0 80
    F E 10
    8.0-6.0 180
    4.0 9.1
    6.0-Boundary 20
    8
    4
    6
    Isohyetal Method (Example) – Contd.
    The isohyets due to a storm in a catchment were drawn in the figure below and the
    area of the catchment bounded by isohyets were tabulated in the following table.

    Average
    Isohyets (cm) Value of P Area (km2) AiPi
    (cm)
    Station-12.0 12 30 360

    12.0-10.0 11 140 1540

    10.0-8.0 9 80 720

    8.0-6.0 7 180 1260

    6.0-Boundary 5 20 100

    Total 450 3980

    Mean Precipitation = 3980/450 = 8.84 cm (Answer)

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