Starter

Define a server and client computer

Starter
 Yo

Networks

You will be successful when

You can know the function of NIC and
define MAC address
LO3
Learners will be able to
A
understand about network
device-Bridge Why is this important?
What’s next?
To understand the function of different
network devices and how a switch differs
from a hub
LO2
Learners will be able to B
understand the function
of hubs and switches
Lo 1
Learners will be able to How can I challenge myself
understand about today?
common network
devices-network interface C Learners will be able to understand the
cards, Mac address function of the network device –Bridge
and where it is used
 Network Interface card
A Network Interface card (NIC) or network adapter is a
component that connects a computer to a network.
A network interface card (NIC) is needed to allow a device to connect to
a network.
It formats the data sent from the computer into a required format
according to the protocols of the network to allow data packets to travel
to and from the computer to the network
An NIC turns binary data into an electrical signal that allows access to a
network.
The NIC is usually integrated into the motherboard on most modern
computers.

Lo 1
Learners will be able to understand about common network devices-network interface cards, Mac address
 Media access control address
• Every NIC is created with a hardware number permanently burned into
it. This permanent hardware number is known as the MAC address.
• Every MAC address is unique so that all data on a network can be sent to
the correct component ,just like letters delivered to the correct house or
text messages and voice calls to the correct phone number.
• If the NIC card is replaced, the MAC address will also change. The MAC
address is sometimes referred to as the physical address because it
uniquely identifies a device. MAC addresses are useful when trying to
identify network faults because they never change, which makes it a
more reliable method of identifying data senders and data receivers on a
network.

Lo 1
Learners will be able to understand about common network devices-network interface cards, Mac address
 Activity 1
Explain why network interface cards are needed by devices connecting
to a network

AFL
 Yo

Networks

You will be successful when

You can know the function of NIC and
define MAC address
LO3
Learners will be able to
A
understand about network
device-Bridge Why is this important?
What’s next?
To understand the function of different
network devices and how a switch differs
from a hub
LO2
Learners will be able to B
understand the function
of hubs and switches
Lo 1
Learners will be able to How can I challenge myself
understand about today?
common network
devices-network interface C Learners will be able to understand the
cards, Mac address function of the network device –Bridge
and where it is used
 Network device -Hub
• A hub is a device used for connecting computers to form a network.
• Hubs are hardware devices that can have a number of other devices connected to
them.
• They are used primarily to connect devices together to form a local area network
(LAN), often in the same building.
• A hub will take a data packet received at one of its ports and broadcast it to every
device connected to it.

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
 Hub works in the following way
All of the computers on the network plug into a port on the hub using a cable.
A hub will take a data packet received at one of its ports and broadcast it to
every device connected to it and not just the one it is intended for. This
creates a lot of needless network traffic
Hubs only allow one device at a time to transmit messages

Hub network connectionsHubs

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
 Hub works in the following way
Because the hub transmits every message to every part of the
network and not just to the computer it is intended for,
• there are a lot of unnecessary transmissions or network
traffic, resulting in a reduction in the speed that data is
transmitted as the network becomes overloaded
• hubs are not very secure because every device will receive
every data packet
• Due to this , hubs are rarely used today

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
 Switches
Switches are ‘intelligent’ versions of hubs.
A network switch is a device used for connecting computers to
form a network. It transmits data only to the device for which it
is intended.
A network switch handles messages more intelligently than a
hub by inspecting the mac address of the device to which they
should be sent. The switch knows the addresses of the different
devices on the network and only sends the messages to the
correct devices.

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
.
 Switches work in the following way:
Network switches have a similar function to hubs in a single network
,but they read the messages passing through.
They can read the destination addresses and send them to only the
intended computers.
They can do this because they build up a table of all the MAC
addresses on the network
They therefore cut down on unnecessary network traffic ,there by
increasing the performance of the network.
Switches can send and receive information at the same time, so they
are faster than hubs

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
.
 Advantages of switch
Switches are more secure than hubs (because only the intended
device is sent the data) and do not waste bandwidth (because
network traffic is reduced)
Switches can send and receive information at the same time, so
they are faster than hubs

LO2
Learners will be able to understand the function of hubs and switches
.
 Activity 2
Discuss the disadvantages of using hub to connect the devices in
a network

Activity 3
Write two similarities and differences between switch and hub.

AFL
.
 Yo

Networks

You will be successful when

You can know the function of NIC and
define MAC address
LO3
Learners will be able to
A
understand about network
device-Bridge Why is this important?
What’s next?
To understand the function of different
network devices and how a switch differs
from a hub
LO2
Learners will be able to B
understand the function
of hubs and switches
Lo 1
Learners will be able to How can I challenge myself
understand about today?
common network
devices-network interface C Learners will be able to understand the
cards, Mac address function of the network device –Bridge
and where it is used
 Network device-Bridge
Large LANS are split into smaller parts called segments to
improve network performance. A bridge is used to connect the
different segments and they can prevent transmissions from one
segment reaching the others. They improve network security by
isolating segments from others and thus prevent the spread of
harmful programs or users accessing information that they
shouldn’t.

LO3
Learners will be able to understand about network device-Bridge
.
 Network device-Bridge
Bridges are devices that connect one LAN to another LAN that
uses the same protocol (communication rules). They are often
used to connect together different parts of a LAN so that they
can function as a single LAN.
Unlike routers, bridges cannot communicate with other external
networks, such as the internet.

Use of a bridge to connect two LAN together

LO3
Learners will be able to understand about network device-Bridge
.
 Activity-4
Describe the function of a bridge in a LAN.

Use of a bridge to connect two LAN together

AFL
.
 Yo

Networks

You will be successful when

You can know the function of NIC and
define MAC address
LO3
Learners will be able to
A
understand about network
device-Bridge Why is this important?
What’s next?
To understand the function of different
network devices and how a switch differs
from a hub
LO2
Learners will be able to B
understand the function
of hubs and switches
Lo 1
Learners will be able to How can I challenge myself
understand about today?
common network
devices-network interface C Learners will be able to understand the
cards, Mac address function of the network device –Bridge
and where it is used
 Activity-5
Write down definitions for the following terms:
1. Switch
2. Hub
3. Bridge
4. Describe three items of hardware that are required for
computers to connect to a network.

AFL
.
 Lesson Re-Cap - Plenary
C B
Question 2
Question 1 MOST
ALL

A*
A
Question 3
SOME Challenge yourself
FEW