Learning Episode 8

LEARNING EPISODE 8 – CLOSE ENCOUNTER WITH THE SCHOOL
CURRICULUM
Formal education begins in school. Schools are institutions established to
design total learning activities appropriate for each learner in each grade level.
Thus schools have recommended curriculum which is the enhanced K to 12
curriculum. The recommended curriculum was translated into written
curriculum like books, modules, teachers’ guides and lesson plans which are
the basis of the taught curriculum. A teacher who implements the curricula
needs support materials (support curriculum) to enhance teaching and
learning so that the written and the taught curricula can be assessed (assessed
curriculum) in order to determine if learning took place learned curriculum).
However, there are so many activities that happen in schools but are not
deliberately planned. This refers to the hidden curriculum.
A classroom teacher plans, implements and evaluates school learning
activities by preparing a miniscule curriculum called a lesson plan or a learning
plan. The teacher then puts life to a lesson plan by using it as a guide in the
teaching-learning process where different strategies can be used to achieve the
learning objectives or outcomes. There are many styles of writing a lesson plan,
but the necessary parts or elements such as a) Learning Outcomes b) Subject
Matter C) Teaching-Learning Strategies, and d) Evaluation or Assessment should
always be included.
All of these elements should be aligned so that at the end of the teaching-
learning episode, learning will be achieved with the classroom teacher as guide.
At the end of this episode, you must be able to:
1. Identify the different curricula that prevail in the school setting;
2. Describe how the teacher manages the school curriculum by planning,
implementing lessons through different strategies and assessment of
learning outcomes; and
3. Analyze if the teacher aligns the objectives to subject matter, to teaching
strategies and assessment.
REVISIT THE LEARNING ESSENTIALS

School Curriculum: What is this about?
From a broad perspective, curriculum is defined as the total learning
process and outcomes as in lifelong learning. However, school curriculum in
this course limits such definition of total learning outcomes to confine to a
specific learning space called school. Schools are formal institutions of
learning where the two major stakeholders are the learners and the teachers.
Basic education in the Philippines is under the Department of Education or
DepEd and the recommended curriculum is the K-12 or Enhanced Basic
Education Curricula of 2013.
All basic education schools offering kindergarten (K), elementary (Grades 1 to
6) and Secondary (Grades 7-10, Junior High School and Grades 11 to 12,
Senior High School) adhere to this national curriculum as a guide in the
implementation of the formal education for K to 12.
What are the salient features of the K to 12 Curriculum? Here are the
features. It is a curriculum that:
1. strengthens the early childhood education with the use of the mother
tongue;
2. makes the curriculum relevant to the learners. The use of contextualized
lessons and addition of issues like disaster preparedness, climate change
and information and communication technology (ICT) are included in the
curriculum. Thus, in-depth knowledge, skills and values, attitude through
continuity and consistency across every level and subject.
3. builds skills in literacy. With the use of Mother Tongue as the main
language in studying and learning tools from K to Grade 3, learners will
become ready for higher level skills.
4. ensures unified and seamless learning. The curriculum is designed in a
spiral progression where the students learn first the basic concepts, while
they study the complex ones in the next grade level. The progression of
topics matches with the developmental and cognitive skills. This process
strengthens the mastery and retention.
5. gears up for the future. It is expected that those who finish basic
education in Grade 12 will be ready for college or tech voc careers. Their
choice of careers will be defined when they go to Grade 11 to 12.
6. nurtures a fully developed youth. Beyond the K to 12 graduate the learner
will be ready to embark on different career paths for a lifetime.
You will recall that a school curriculum is of many types for the Kindergarten
to Grade 12 in the country.
1. The enhanced curriculum K to 12 curriculum is the Recommended
Curriculum. It is to be used nationwide as mandated by Republic Act
10533.
2. When the curriculum writers began to write the content and competency
standards of the K to 12 curriculum it became a Written Curriculum. It
reflects the substance of RA 10533 or the Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2013. In the teacher’s class it is the lesson plan. A lesson plan is a
written curriculum in miniscule.
3. What has been written in a lesson plan has to be implemented. It is
putting life to the written curriculum, which is referred to as the Taught
Curriculum. The guidance of the teacher is very crucial.
4. A curriculum that has been planned, and taught needs materials, objects,
gadgets, laboratory and many more that will help the teacher implement
the curriculum. This is referred to as the Supported Curriculum.
5. In order to find out if the teacher has succeeded in implementing the
lesson plan, an assessment shall be made. It can be done in the middle or
end of the lesson. The curriculum is now called the Assessed
Curriculum.
6. The result of the assessment when successful is termed as Learned
Curriculum.
Learned curriculum whether small or big indicates accomplishment of
learning outcomes.
7. However, there are unplanned curriculum in schools. These are not
written, nor deliberately taught but they influence learning. These include
peer influence, the media, school environment, the culture and tradition,
natural calamities and many more. This curriculum is called Hidden
Curriculum or Implicit Curriculum.
So what will be the roles and responsibilities of the teacher in relation with the
school curriculum, specifically in the K to 12 or the enhanced curriculum for basic
education?
Teachers then should be multi-talented professional who:
1. Know and understand the curriculum as enumerated;
2. Write the curriculum to be taught;
3. Plan the curriculum to be implemented;
4. Initiate the curriculum which is being introduced;
5. Innovate the curriculum to make it current and updated;
6. Implement the curriculum that has been written and planned; and
7. Evaluate the written, planned and learned curriculum.
Activity 8.1
Curricula in the School Setting
It’s time to discover what curriculum is operating in the school
setting. Recall the types of curriculum mentioned earlier. Can you
spot where these are found?
Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:
School:
Grade/Year Level: Subject Area: Date:
Locate where you can find the following curriculum in the school setting.
Secure a copy,(if possible), make observations of the process and record your
information in the matrix below. Describe your observations.
Type of Curriculum Where Found Description

1.Recommended
Curriculum(K to 12
Guidelines)
2.Written Curriculum
(Lesson Plan)
3.Taught Curriculum
(Teaching-Learning
Process)
4.Supported Curriculum
(Textbook and other
materials)
5.Assessed Curriculum
(Assessment Process)
6.Learned Curriculum
(Achieved Learning
Outcomes)
7.Hidden Curriculum
(Media)
Analyze
1. Which of the seven types of curriculum in the school setting is easy to
find? Why?
2. Which is difficult to observe? Why?
3. Are these all found in the school setting? How do curricula relate to one
another?
4. Draw a diagram to show the relationship of one curriculum to the other.
Reflect
Make a reflection on the diagram that you have drawn. (Individual work).
Activity 8.2.
This activity requires a full lesson observation from Motivation to Assessment.
Procedure:
1. Secure permit to observe one complete lesson in a particular subject, in a
particular grade level.
2. Keep a close watch on the different components of the miniscule
curriculum: the lesson
3. Follow the three major components of a curriculum (Planning,
Implementing, and Assessing). Observe and record your observation.
Major Curriculum Key Guide for Observation (Carefully look for the
Components indicators/behavior of the teacher along the key
points. Write your observation and description in
your notebook).
A. Planning 1.Borrow the teacher’s lesson plan for the day.
What major parts do you see? Request a copy for
your use.
Answer the following questions:
a. What are the lesson objectives/learning
outcomes?
b. What are included in the subject matter?
c. What procedure or method will the
teacher use to implement the plan?
d. Will the teacher assess or evaluate the
lesson? How will this be done?
B. Implementing Now, it’s time to observe how the teacher
implements the prepared lesson plan. Observe
closely the procedure.
a. How did the teacher begin the lesson?
b. What procedure or steps were followed?
c. How did the teacher engage the learners?
d. Was the teacher a guide at the side?
e. Were the learners on task? Or were they
participating in the class activity?
f. Was the lesson finished within the class
period?
C. Assessing Did learning occur in the lesson taught? Here you
make observations to find evidence of learning.
a. Were the objectives as learned outcomes
achieved?
b. How did the teacher assess/evaluate it?
c. What evidence was shown? Get pieces of
evidence.
Analyze
Write a paragraph based on the data you gathered using these key
questions.
1. How does the teacher whom you observed compare to the ideal
characteristics or competencies of global quality teachers?
2. Was the lesson implemented as planned? Describe.
3. Can you describe the disposition of the teacher after the lesson was
taught? Happy and eager? Contented? No reactions at all.
4. Can you describe the majority of students’ reactions after the lesson
was taught? Confused? Happy and eager? Contented? No reactions at
all.
Reflect
Based on your observations and tasks in Activity 2, how will you
prepare your lesson plan? Make a short paragraph on the topic.
Activity 8.3. Constructive Alignment of the Components of a
Lesson Plan
Observe:
Using the diagram below, fill up the component parts of a lesson
plan.
I. Title of the Lesson
II. Subject Area
III. Grade Level
OUTCOMES TEACHING METHOD ASSESSMENT
Fill this up Fill this up Fill this up

Analyze
1. Answer the three components constructively aligned? Explain.
2. Will the outcomes be achieved with the teaching methods used? Why?
3. What component would tell if the outcomes have been achieved?
Reflect
1. What lessons have you learned in developing or writing a lesson plan?
2. What value will it give to the teacher if the three components are aligned?
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LEARNING EPISODE 8 – CLOSE ENCOUNTER WITH THE SCHOOL

REVISIT THE LEARNING ESSENTIALS

Type of Curriculum Where Found Description

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