En 81-44

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Title: Draft BS EN 81-44 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Special lifts for the transport of persons and
goods. Part 44: Lifting appliances in wind turbines.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT

NORME EUROPÉENNE prEN 81-44
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2021
ICS 27.180; 91.140.90
English Version
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts -

Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part
44: Lifting appliances in wind turbines
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und Installation
des élévateurs - Applications particulières pour les von Aufzügen - Besondere Aufzüge für den Transport
ascenseurs et les ascenseurs de charge - Partie 44 : von Personen und Gütern - Teil 44: Aufzüge in
Ascenseurs de chantier pour éolienne Windenergieanlagen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 10.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 81-44:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................................ 7

Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
1 Scope.......................................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Normative references........................................................................................................................ 10
3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 15
4 List of significant hazards ................................................................................................................ 16
5 Safety requirements .......................................................................................................................... 19
5.1 Loads and calculations ...................................................................................................................... 19
5.1.1 Design loads .......................................................................................................................................... 19
5.1.2 Load combinations ............................................................................................................................. 23
5.1.3 Calculation of static and fatigue strength................................................................................... 25
5.1.4 Calculation for the suspension ....................................................................................................... 28
5.1.5 Calculation for steel wire ropes ..................................................................................................... 28
5.1.6 Calculation methods .......................................................................................................................... 29
5.2 Liftway protection, base enclosure and landing access ........................................................ 30
5.2.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.2.2 Liftway protection .............................................................................................................................. 31
5.2.3 Liftway protection at landings ....................................................................................................... 35
5.3 Base frame ............................................................................................................................................. 43
5.4 Guiding systems and buffers ........................................................................................................... 43
5.4.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 43
5.4.2 Rigid guiding for traction hoist drives ........................................................................................ 43
5.4.3 Mast guiding for rack and pinion drives..................................................................................... 43
5.4.4 Rope guiding for traction hoist drives ........................................................................................ 44
5.4.5 End limits of the movements .......................................................................................................... 44
5.5 Carrier ..................................................................................................................................................... 44
5.5.1 General requirements ....................................................................................................................... 44
5.5.2 Carrier floor .......................................................................................................................................... 45
5.5.3 Carrier walls ......................................................................................................................................... 45
5.5.4 Carrier roof ........................................................................................................................................... 45
5.5.5 Carrier door .......................................................................................................................................... 46
5.5.6 Trapdoor and ladder access door ................................................................................................. 47
5.5.7 Inspection opening ............................................................................................................................. 47
5.6 Drive units ............................................................................................................................................. 47
5.6.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.2 No-power descent ............................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.3 Protection and accessibility ............................................................................................................ 48
5.6.4 Traction hoist drive ........................................................................................................................... 48
5.6.5 Rack and pinion drive ....................................................................................................................... 49
5.7 Control and limiting devices ........................................................................................................... 53
5.7.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 53
5.7.2 Travel limit switches ......................................................................................................................... 56
5.7.3 Slack rope device ................................................................................................................................ 57
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5.7.4 Overload detection device ............................................................................................................... 57

5.7.5 Obstruction detection device ......................................................................................................... 57
5.7.6 Emergency stopping devices .......................................................................................................... 58
5.7.7 Interlocking devices .......................................................................................................................... 59
5.7.8 Drive unit fault detection device for rack and pinion system with two redundant drive
units ......................................................................................................................................................... 61
5.7.9 Control modes ...................................................................................................................................... 61
5.8 Electric installations and appliances ........................................................................................... 62
5.8.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 62
5.8.2 Protection against electric faults .................................................................................................. 62
5.8.3 Protection against the effects of external influences ............................................................ 63
5.8.4 Electric wiring ...................................................................................................................................... 63
5.8.5 Contactors, relay-contactors .......................................................................................................... 63
5.8.6 Electric safety devices ....................................................................................................................... 64
5.8.7 Safety contacts ..................................................................................................................................... 64
5.8.8 Lighting................................................................................................................................................... 64
5.8.9 Verification ........................................................................................................................................... 64
5.9 Safety devices against falling of the lift ....................................................................................... 65
5.9.1 Overspeed safety device against falling of the lift (traction hoist drive) ....................... 65
5.9.2 Fall arrest safety device against falling of the lift (traction hoist drive) ........................ 65
5.9.3 Safety device against falling of the carrier (rack and pinion drive)................................. 66
6 Verification ........................................................................................................................................... 67
6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 67
6.2 Verification tests on each lift before first use .......................................................................... 75
7 Information for use ............................................................................................................................ 76
7.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 76
7.2 User’s manual....................................................................................................................................... 76
7.3 Information for installation and dismantling .......................................................................... 77
7.4 Information for maintenance ......................................................................................................... 78
7.5 User Information available in the carrier .................................................................................. 78
7.6 User Information available at the bottom landing ................................................................. 78
7.7 Marking .................................................................................................................................................. 79
7.7.1 Markings in the carrier ..................................................................................................................... 79
7.7.2 Markings at landings ......................................................................................................................... 79
7.7.3 Mast or guide section identification label for rack and pinion drive .............................. 79
7.7.4 Ladder guiding identification label .............................................................................................. 80
7.7.5 Overspeed and fall arrest safety device label........................................................................... 80
7.7.6 Drive unit label .................................................................................................................................... 80
7.7.7 Marking for wire ropes for traction hoist drive ...................................................................... 80
7.7.8 Control elements................................................................................................................................. 80
Annex A (normative) Lift verification tests .............................................................................................. 81
A.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 81
A.1.1 Test samples ......................................................................................................................................... 81
A.1.2 Test environment ............................................................................................................................... 81
A.1.3 Test instruments ................................................................................................................................. 82
A.1.4 Test records .......................................................................................................................................... 82
A.2 Lift verification test in as installed configuration................................................................... 82
A.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 82
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A.2.2 Lift speed ................................................................................................................................................ 83

A.2.3 No-power descent speed .................................................................................................................. 83
A.2.4 Lift static strength test ...................................................................................................................... 83
A.2.5 Lift dynamic strength test ................................................................................................................ 83
A.2.6 Lift ultimate strength test ................................................................................................................ 83
A.2.7 Lift overload detection device test ............................................................................................... 83
A.2.8 Noise pressure level ........................................................................................................................... 84
A.2.9 Carrier lighting .................................................................................................................................... 84
A.2.10 Lift current measurement ............................................................................................................... 84
A.2.11 Lift electrical system .......................................................................................................................... 84
A.2.12 Lift drop tests for traction hoist drives ....................................................................................... 85
A.2.13 Overspeed safety device tests for rack and pinion drive lifts ............................................. 89
A.2.14 Overspeed safety function test for rack and pinion lifts with two redundant drive
units ......................................................................................................................................................... 91
A.2.15 Top obstruction device test............................................................................................................. 91
A.2.16 Bottom obstruction device test...................................................................................................... 92
A.2.17 Carrier door(s), trapdoor(s) and inspection cover(s) interlocking switches............... 92
A.2.18 Limit switches ...................................................................................................................................... 92
A.2.19 Ultimate limit switches ..................................................................................................................... 92
A.2.20 Emergency stops ................................................................................................................................. 93
A.2.21 Anchor point test for personal fall protection equipment................................................... 93
A.3 Carrier verification test .................................................................................................................... 93
A.3.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 93
A.3.2 Carrier dead weight ........................................................................................................................... 93
A.3.3 Wall (including inspection covers) strength test .................................................................... 93
A.3.4 Floor strength test .............................................................................................................................. 93
A.3.5 Roof strength test................................................................................................................................ 94
A.3.6 Door and trapdoor strength test ................................................................................................... 94
A.3.7 Door locking device test ................................................................................................................... 94
Annex B (normative) Drive unit verification tests................................................................................. 95
B.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 95
B.2 Traction hoist drive ........................................................................................................................... 95
B.2.1 Static test................................................................................................................................................ 95
B.2.2 Dynamic test ......................................................................................................................................... 95
B.2.3 Strength test.......................................................................................................................................... 96
B.2.4 Endurance test ..................................................................................................................................... 96
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B.2.5 Traction hoist drive lifting load limit test.................................................................................. 96

B.2.6 Wire rope test ...................................................................................................................................... 97
B.2.7 Traction hoist drive current measurement .............................................................................. 97
B.2.8 Traction hoist drive speed .............................................................................................................. 97
B.2.9 No-power descent speed .................................................................................................................. 97
B.3 Rack and pinion drive (One drive system) ................................................................................ 98
B.3.1 Static test ............................................................................................................................................... 98
B.3.2 Dynamic test ......................................................................................................................................... 98
B.3.3 Strength test ......................................................................................................................................... 98
B.3.4 Endurance test ..................................................................................................................................... 98
B.3.5 Lifting load limit test ......................................................................................................................... 99
B.3.6 Current measurement....................................................................................................................... 99
B.3.7 Speed measurement .......................................................................................................................... 99
B.3.8 No-power descent speed ............................................................................................................... 100
B.4 Rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units ................................................. 100
B.4.1 Static test ............................................................................................................................................ 100
B.4.2 Dynamic test ...................................................................................................................................... 100
B.4.3 Testing of the drive unit fault system device ......................................................................... 100
B.4.4 Strength test ...................................................................................................................................... 100
B.4.5 Endurance test .................................................................................................................................. 101
B.4.6 Lifting load limit test ...................................................................................................................... 101
B.4.7 Current measurement.................................................................................................................... 102
B.4.8 Speed measurement ....................................................................................................................... 102
B.4.9 No-power descent speed ............................................................................................................... 102
Annex C (normative) Overspeed safety device and fall arrest safety device verification
tests....................................................................................................................................................... 103
C.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 103
C.2 Overspeed safety devices and fall arrest safety devices for traction hoist drives ... 103
C.2.1 Testing the operation of the fall arrest safety device acting on the safety wire
rope ....................................................................................................................................................... 103
C.2.2 Testing the operation of the overspeed safety device acting on the traction wire
rope ....................................................................................................................................................... 105
C.2.3 Endurance test for overspeed safety devices acting on the safety wire rope and acting
on the traction wire rope .............................................................................................................. 107
C.3 Overspeed safety device for rack and pinion drive............................................................. 108
C.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 108
C.3.2 Method of test ................................................................................................................................... 109
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C.3.3 Endurance test .................................................................................................................................. 110

Annex D (normative) Other verification tests ...................................................................................... 111
D.1 General................................................................................................................................................. 111
D.2 Landing gate and enclosure verification tests....................................................................... 111
D.2.1 Full height landing gate ................................................................................................................. 111
D.2.2 Reduced height landing gate........................................................................................................ 111
Annex E (informative) Evacuation ............................................................................................................ 112
E.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 112
E.2 Evacuation scenario ........................................................................................................................ 112
Annex F (informative) Outdoor use and operation at low temperature..................................... 113
F.1 Low temperature ............................................................................................................................. 113
F.2 Atmosphere........................................................................................................................................ 114
F.3 Loads .................................................................................................................................................... 114
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered .......................................... 115
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................... 118
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European foreword
This document (prEN 81-44:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts,
escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
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prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
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prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies the safety requirements for the construction and installation of power
operated lifting appliances (referred hereafter as a lift) installed permanently for indoor or outdoor
service in wind turbines and intended for access to workplaces on wind turbines by competent persons.
A lift serves defined landing levels and may move persons to working positions where they are carrying
out work (which could be from the carrier) and has a carrier which is:
a) designed for the transportation of persons and goods;
b) guided;
c) travelling vertically or along a path within 15 degrees maximum from the vertical;
d) supported or sustained by rack and pinion or rope traction drive;
e) travelling with a speed not more than 0,7 m/s;
f) operating ambient temperature range between – 25 °C to + 55 °C.
1.2 This document identifies hazards as listed in Clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the
life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when
used as intended by the manufacturer.
1.3 This document does not specify requirements for:
a) operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);
b) noise;
c) the use of the lift for erection or dismantling of the wind turbine;
d) lightning protection;
e) operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);
NOTE Directive 2014/34/EU concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially
explosive atmospheres can be applicable to the type of machine or equipment covered by this European Standard.
The present standard is not intended to provide means of complying with the essential health and safety
requirements of Directive 2014/34/EU.
f) electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity);
g) handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations;
h) the use of combustion engines;
i) hydraulic and pneumatic drive units;
j) hazards occurring during manufacturing process;
k) the use of lifts in floating wind turbines;
l) the use during earthquakes.
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1.4 This document is not applicable to:
a) builders hoists in accordance with EN 12158-1:2000, EN 12158-2:2000 and EN 12159:2000;
b) elevating control stations in accordance with EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008;
c) lifts in accordance with EN 81-20:2020;
d) work platforms in accordance with EN 280:2013+A1:2015 and EN 1808:2015 and

EN 1495:1997+A2:2009;
e) lifts on cranes in accordance with EN 81-43:2009.
This document is not applicable to lifts manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-20:2020, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Lifts for the transport of persons
and goods — Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts
EN 81-43:2009, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Special lifts for the transport of
persons and goods — Part 43: Lifts for cranes
EN 81-50:2020, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Examinations and tests —
Part 50: Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
EN ISO 13854:2019, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 795:2012, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 1808:2015, Safety requirements for suspended access equipment — Design calculations, stability
criteria, construction — Examinations and tests
EN 1991-1-3:2003,1 Eurocode 1 — Actions on structures — Part 1-3: General actions — Snow loads
EN 1993-1-1:2005, 2 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 10264-1:2012, Steel wire and wire products — Steel wire for ropes — Part 1: General requirements
EN 10264-2:2012, Steel wire and wire products — Steel wire for ropes — Part 2: Cold drawn non alloy steel
wire for ropes for general applications
EN 10264-3:2012, Steel wire and wire products — Steel wire for ropes — Part 3: Round and shaped non
alloyed steel wire for high duty applications
1 As impacted by EN 1991-1-3:2003/A1:2005 and EN 1991-1-3:2003/AC:2009.

2 As impacted by EN 1993-1-1:2005/A1:2014 and EN 1993-1-1:2003/AC:2009.
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EN 10264-4:2012, Steel wire and wire products — Steel wire for ropes — Part 4: Stainless steel wire
EN 12385-1:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification
EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Information for use and maintenance
EN 12385-4:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting
applications
EN 13001-2:2014, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions
EN 13411-1:2002+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire
rope slings
EN 13411-2:2001+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire
rope slings
EN 13411-3:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-
securing
EN 13411-4:2011, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Metal and resin socketing
EN 13411-5:2003+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 5: U-bolt wire rope grips
EN 13411-6:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge
socket
EN 13411-7:2006+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General

requirements
EN 60529:1991, 3 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN IEC 60947-4-1:2019, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-
starters — Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2018)
EN 60947-5-1:2017, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2016)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
3 As impacted by EN 60529:1991/AC:2006-12, EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013 and EN
60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019-02.
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EN ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Principles for design and selection
(ISO 13851:2019)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for
design and selection (ISO 14119:2013)
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016)
EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed
ladders (ISO 14122-4:2016)
ISO 6336-1:2019, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles,
introduction and general influence factors
ISO 6336-2:2019, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface
durability (pitting)
ISO 6336-3:2019, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 3: Calculation of tooth
bending strength
ISO 6336-5:2016, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 5: Strength and quality of
materials
3 Terms and definitions

3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010, EN 81-43:2009
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
lift
machine with a carrier which is guided and intended for transport between different levels
[SOURCE: EN 81-43:2009, definition 3.1]
3.1.2
base frame
lowest framework of the rack and pinion lift upon which all other components are mounted
3.1.3
carrier
load carrying unit including floor, walls, gates and roof
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[Adapted from EN 81-43:2009, 3.13]
3.1.4
interlocking device
interlock
mechanical, electrical or other type of device, the purpose of which is to prevent the operation of
hazardous machine functions under specified conditions (generally as long as a guard is not closed)
[SOURCE: ISO 12100:2010, 3.28.1.]
3.1.5
guard locking device
device intended to lock a guard in the closed position and linked to the control system
Note 1 to entry: Interlocking device [3.1.4] with additional function of keeping the guard locked when the
hazardous machine functions are in operation
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14119:2013, 3.4]
3.1.6
landing zone
zone, extending above and below the landing level, in which the carrier floor has to be to enable the
corresponding landing door to be unlocked
[Adapted from EN 81-20:2020, 3.63]
3.1.7
competent person
designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and provided with
the necessary instructions to enable the required procedures to be carried out
Note 1 to entry: National regulations may require certification of competence.
3.1.8
overspeed safety device
mechanical device for stopping and maintaining stationary the carrier in the event of over-speed
3.1.9
fall arrest safety device
mechanical device for stopping and maintaining stationary the carrier in the event of primary wire failure
3.1.10
evacuation
specific actions required to safely release persons entrapped in the carrier without external help
3.1.11
rescue
specific actions required to safely release persons entrapped in the carrier by competent persons
3.1.12
rigid guiding
guiding means where the carrier is guided by rigid rail or profile (e.g. mast guiding or ladder guiding)
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3.1.13
mast guiding
structure that supports and guides the carrier
3.1.14
ladder guiding
ladder that guides the carrier and that can be used for climbing
3.1.15
obstruction detection device
protective equipment detecting obstacles during the travel of the carrier (i.e. persons or objects)
3.1.16
working load limit
WLL
maximum load that a drive unit and/or an overspeed safety device is authorized to sustain as designated
by the manufacturer
3.1.17
rated load
RL
load of persons and equipment that a lift has been designated to carry by the manufacturer in normal use
3.1.18
traction hoist drive
assembly through which a wire rope is conveyed as a result of friction between the wire rope and the
traction assembly with no tail load
3.1.19
rope guiding
guiding by means of steel wire ropes that prevent the carrier from swinging and rotating while being
stationary and during travel
3.1.20
drive wire rope
active wire rope carrying the suspended load
3.1.21
buffer
resilient stop at the end of travel, and comprising a means of braking using fluids or springs (or other
similar means, e.g. rubber)
3.1.22
vision panel
transparent or perforated panel intended to provide a line of sight inside or outside the carrier
3.1.23
pit
recessed area, which is part of the liftway and has closed sides and is only accessible from above through
the liftway
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3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
Aref Area of the lift on which the wind acts
Ce Exposure coefficient related to snow loads
D Pulley pitch diameter
Fmin Minimum breaking load of wire rope
Fw Wind load
H Pitch ratio
S Maximum tensile load in the rope
Sc Snow load on the carrier
Sk Characteristic value of snow load on the ground
Sd Shock load coefficient
St Test load
Tm Dynamic tensile force
WLL Working load limit
Zp Drive rope factor
ca Aerodynamic coefficient
d Rope diameter
fRd Limit design stress
fRdσ Limit design normal stress
fRdτ Limit design shear stress
fu Ultimate strength
fy Yield strength (= fo in Eurocode 9)
mc Mass of unloaded carrier

me Mass of tools and equipment
mH Rated load
mm Mass of material in the lift
mp Assumed mass of a person
mpc Mass of the power and control cables
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prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
mpce Partial mass of the power cable based on traveling height depending on
the overload system
mR Mass of the ropes (for traction hoist drive)
mRe Partial mass of the traction wire rope based on traveling height depending
on the overload system
mw Mass of the tension weights (for traction hoist drive)
n Number of persons in the lift
nr Number of load carrying ropes
q Wind pressure
vref Reference storm wind speed
γf Material safety factor for parts with continuous stress
γm Resistance coefficient
γp Partial safety factor for load
µ1 Impact factor
μ1(0°) Snow load shape coefficient
σa Allowable stress
σc Calculated stress
σSd Design normal stress
φ7 Dynamic factor due to buffer loads
τSd Design shear stress
4 List of significant hazards

Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of
Clause 5. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
Significant hazards are listed in Table 1.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements
Group Significant hazard in accordance with Relevant clauses

EN ISO 12100:2010, Table B.1
1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Due to machine parts or workpieces, e.g. 5.2.1, 5.4.3, 5.4.5, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.4, 5.5.5
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EN ISO 12100:2010, Table B.1
by potential energy (falling objects, height from
the ground, gravity)
by kinetic energy (acceleration, deceleration, 5.1, 5.2.2.2, 5.4.5, 5.5, 5.5.5, 5.6.5.3, 5.9.1,
moving/rotating elements) 5.9.2, 5.9.3
by mechanical strength (break-up) 5.1, 5.2.2.1, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.6.5,
5.7.4, 5.9, Annex F
1.2 Crushing 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.5.7, 5.6.3, 5.7.5, 5.7.7,
5.7.7.4
1.3 Shearing 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.5.3 5.5.4.2, 5.5.5, 5.5.7,
5.6.3, 5.7.5, 5.7.7, 5.8.8
1.4 Cutting or severing 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.5.3, 5.5.4.2, 5.5.5, 5.5.7,
5.7.5, 5.7.7, 5.8.8
1.5 Entanglement 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.5.3, 5.5.4.2, 5.5.5, 5.5.7,
5.7.5, 5.7.7
1.6 Drawing-in or trapping 5.2.2
1.7 Impact 5.2.2.2, 5.7.5
1.8 Friction or abrasion 5.4.2
1.9 Slipping, tripping and falling 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.4.3, 5.5, 5.5.4, 5.5.2,
5.5.5, 5.5.6, 5.7.7.1, 5.7.7.2, 5.7.7.3, 5.8.8
1.10 Instability 5.4.3, 5.4.4
2 Electrical hazards
2.1 Touching live parts 5.8.1, 5.8.2, 5.8.4,
2.2 Parts which have become live under fault 5.8.1, 5.8.2, Annex F
conditions
2.3 Not enough distance to live parts under high 5.8.1,
voltage
2.4 Electrostatic phenomena 5.8.3
2.5 Electromagnetic phenomena 5.8.2.4
2.6 Short-circuit 5.8.2
2.7 Overload 5.6.1
3 Thermal hazards
3.1 Burn, scald 5.6.3
4 Material/ substance hazards
4.1 Explosion See 1.3
5 Ergonomic hazards
5.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.5.1
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EN ISO 12100:2010, Table B.1
5.2 Inadequate consideration of anatomy 5.5.1
5.3 Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency 5.5.1, 5.5.5, 5.5.6, Annex E
exit
5.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.8.8
5.5 Design, location or identification of control 5.7.1
devices
5.6 Human error during operation 5.7.7, 5.7.4
6 Hazards associated with the environment in which the machine is used
6.1 Lightning See 1.3
6.2 Moisture 5.8.2, 5.8.3, 5.8.4, Annex F
6.3 Snow, water, wind, temperature 1.3, 5.1.1.6, 5.1.1.7, 5.1.1.8, 5.6.3, 5.8.2,
5.8.3, 5.8.4, 5.8.5, 5.8.6, 5.8.7, Annex F
6.4 Lack of oxygen at workplace 5.5.1
6.5 Dust and fog 5.6.3
7
7.1 Failure/disorder of the control system and 5.7.1, 5.7.2, 5.7.3, 5.7.6, 5.7.8, 5.7.9, 5.8.2
control circuits
7.2 Restoration of energy supply after an 5.7.1
interruption
7.3 Failure of the power supply 5.6.2, 5.8.2.3, 5.8.8
7.4 Unexpected movement 5.2.2.3, 5.5.4.2, 5.5.5, 5.7.4, 5.7.6, 5.7.9,
5.8.2
7.5 Uncontrolled movement 5.6.2, 5.6.4.5, 5.6.5, 5.7.2, 5.7.3, 5.7.4, 5.7.9,
5.7.8
8 Hazards due to: assembly and installation, setting, cleaning, fault-finding, maintenance
8.1 Maintenance 1.3, 5.8.2
8.2 Insufficient means of access during use, setting 1.3
and maintenance
8.3 Being trapped in a machine 5.5.1, 5.5.5, 5.5.6, 5.6.2, Annex E
9 Hazards linked to driver/operator position
9.1 Insufficient visibility from driver position 5.5.5
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5 Safety requirements
5.1 Loads and calculations
5.1.1 Design loads
5.1.1.1 General
All suspended loads shall be taken into account (i.e. including power cables, cable trolley, ropes and
tension weights) which are subject to the component of part reviewed.
5.1.1.2 Dead weights
The following masses are part of the total dead weight and shall be taken into account when calculating
the lift and every related part:
— mc is mass of the unloaded carrier;
— masses of all additional equipment which moves together with the lift in the load combination
concerned and partial masses based on travelling height depending on the overload system design
which moves together with the lift such as:
— mR is total mass of the ropes (only traction hoist drive);
— mPC is total mass of the power and control cables;
— mw is total mass of the tension weights (only traction hoist drive);
— mRe is partial mass of drive wire rope (only traction hoist drive) from the carrier to the
suspension beam or maximum distance between landings if the lift control is designed to stop
the lift at landings during movement in case of overload;
— mPCe is partial mass of power cables from the carrier to the top landing (trailing cable
configuration) or from the car to the cable suspension point (travelling cable configuration).
Alternatively, the maximum distance between landings shall be used if the lift control is designed
to stop the lift at landings during movement in case of overload.
Depending on the overload system design (according to 5.7.4) and the different load combinations, the
dead weights are calculated from following mass combinations:
1) Load combinations: A, B, C1, C3, C4, C5 and C6
Following masses shall be considered for overload system Type 1: mc, mpc, mRe, mpce.
Following masses shall be considered for overload system Type 2 and Type 3: mc, mpc, mpce.
2) Load combination: C2
Following masses shall be considered for overload system Type 1: mc, mpc, mRe, mpce, mR, mw.
Following masses shall be considered for overload system Type 2 and Type 3: mc, mpc, mpce, mR, mw.
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5.1.1.3 Rated loads in the lift
The rated load mH of the lift and the maximum number of persons (n) permitted in the lift are to be stated
by the lift manufacturer.
When calculating the lift and every related part, the following rated loads shall be taken into account:
for one person mH = mp + me + mm (Minimum for 1 person: mH = 120 kg) (1)
for two persons mH = (n × mp) + (2 × me) + mm
(Minimum for 2 persons: mH = 240 kg) (2)
for three or more persons mH = (n × mp) + (1,5 × me) + mm (3)
where
mH is rated load;
mp is 80 kg (mass of person);
me is 40 kg (mass of tools and equipment);
mm is the mass of other possible material in the lift (can be 0 kg);
n is number of persons.
The rated load is evenly distributed over the floor area of the carrier. Where the uniform distribution of
the rated load over the full area of the carrier floor is less than 4,0 kN/m2 then, for calculation purposes
of the floor a minimum of 4,0 kN/m2 shall be placed over the whole area of the carrier floor.
5.1.1.4 Effect of friction forces
The friction forces acting on the carrier generated by guiding means and transmission chain shall be taken
into account, see Table 3.
5.1.1.5 Loads exerted by persons
5.1.1.5.1 General
When calculating the lift and every related part, the following loads, exerted by persons, shall be taken
into account.
Walls shall be capable of withstanding a load of 300 N applied normally at the least favourable point in a
height of 1 100 mm without permanent deformation. The load shall be applied by pulling or pushing over
a flat area of 100 mm × 100 mm.
Carrier doors and vision panels and their guides shall be capable of withstanding a load of 300 N applied
normally at any position without permanent deformation. The load shall be applied by pulling or pushing
over a flat area of 5 cm2.
5.1.1.5.2 Individual loads (not to be combined with other loads)
The carrier floor surface shall be designed to withstand without permanent deformation a local static
load of 1,5 kN applied on the least favourable square area of 0,2 m × 0,2 m.
If the carrier roof is used as a working platform, it shall be designed to withstand an evenly distributed
load of at least 3,0 kN placed on the least favourable square area of 1,0 m2. The accessible roof shall be
designed to withstand without permanent deformation a local static load of 1,2 kN applied on the least
favourable square area of 0,2 m × 0,2 m.
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The full height landing gates shall be designed to withstand without permanent deformation and without
elastic deformation greater than 15 mm, a local static load of 300 N at the least favourable point on either
face, using a rigid square or round flat face of 5 cm2.
The reduced height landing gates shall be designed to withstand without permanent deformation a local
static load of 1 kN vertically applied at the least favourable point along the top of the gate, and separately
a load of 300 N horizontally applied at the least favourable point on the top bar, the intermediate bar and
the toe board.
The same values for the resistance coefficient for materials as in the load combination A from Table 4
shall be used.
5.1.1.5.3 Loads caused by falling person
When calculating the structure where the anchor device is attached, a load of a falling person of 6 kN shall
be taken into account (for safety factors see Table 3).
When more than 1 anchor device is attached to the carrier, it is assumed that loads can’t occur in more
than one anchor device at the same time, so the structure shall be calculated for each anchor device
separately, not for all the anchor devices at the same time.
5.1.1.6 Wind loads for outside operating lifts
5.1.1.6.1 Formulas for calculation of the wind loads
Wind loads shall be calculated according to EN 13001-2:2014.

Fw = q × ca × Aref (4)
where
Fw is the wind load acting perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the
member under consideration;
q is the wind pressure: q(3) in service, q(z) out of service;
ca is the aerodynamic coefficient of the member under consideration.
The coefficient ca shall be used in combination with the characteristic area Aref. Values of ca shall be
those from EN 13001-2:2014, Annex A. For the carrier, it shall be assumed that the carrier walls are solid
and an aerodynamic coefficient ca of 1,2 shall be applied. The factor 1,2 covers both the shape factor and
the shielding factor.
Wind loads are assumed to act horizontally at the centre of the area of the component parts of the lift in
any direction. The least favourable direction shall be taken into account.
The wind loads acting on a lift shall be considered to be acting on the suspension points and/or on
relevant tower interface components.
5.1.1.6.2 Lifts in service
The wind pressure to consider is q(3) = 250 N/m2 (wind speed v(3) = 20 m/s).
5.1.1.6.3 Lifts out of service
The wind pressure q(z) is as defined in EN 13001-2:2014, 4.2.4.2.

Detailed (national) wind maps or local meteorological data should be used as sources for the reference
storm wind velocities vref, e.g. EN 1991-1-4. In the absence of more precise data, a storm wind map of
21
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Europe given in Figure 1 can be used. This indicates the regions, where the same reference storm wind
velocities are applicable. The reference storm wind velocities for these regions are given in Table 2.
Figure 1 — Map of Europe indicating regions where the same reference storm wind velocities
are applicable
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prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
Table 2 — Reference storm wind speeds in dependence on regions in Europe as shown in

Figure 1
Region A/B C D E
vref [m/s] 24 28 32 36
NOTE Figure 1 and Table 2 are from EN 13001-2:2014.
Reference storm wind velocity shall be separately specified and applied in the design for lifts used in
region F, where vref ≥ 36 m/s.
5.1.1.7 Loads caused by snow or ice
Where relevant, snow and ice loads shall be specified and taken into account. Snow load is considered as
a dead load located on the roof of the carrier.
Snow load shall be calculated as follows:
= ( )
S c µ 1 0° C e S k [kN/m2] (5)
where
μ1(0°) is Snow load shape coefficient. In general, the snow is prevented from sliding off
the roof and μ1(0°) shall be at least 0,8;
Ce is exposure coefficient. Ce shall be taken from Table 5.1 of EN 1991-1-3:20031;
Sk is characteristic value of snow load on the ground. Sk shall be calculated using
areal equations in Table C.1 of EN 1991-1-3:20031.
5.1.1.8 Loads caused by temperature variation
Where there is a possibility that the ultimate or serviceability limit states might be exceeded due to
thermal movements, a local temperature variation shall be specified and taken into account. The load
bearing structures shall be checked to ensure that thermal movement will not cause overstressing of the
structure.
5.1.1.9 Loads caused by buffers
Where applicable, loads created by the buffers shall be calculated allowing for an average deceleration of
1 g or lower if actual value. Effect of the buffer on the carrier and on the pit or base shall be taken into
account.
5.1.1.10 Seismic loads
If the local conditions require, the seismic movements are taken into account by choosing the load
combination C6, considering the lift is out of service and no load is carried in the carrier.
The calculation method could be equivalent static analysis or dynamic analysis. The calculation shall be
carried out using the local spectrums.
5.1.2 Load combinations
The following sets of load combination are to be considered:

— A: Regular loads
Normal use of lift with regular loads (dead weight, rated loads);
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— B: Occasional loads
Normal use combined with occasional loads (in-service wind, snow and ice, temperature);
— C: Exceptional loads
Normal use combined with exceptional loads (personal falling accident, triggering of overspeed
safety device, in and out of service wind, collision to buffers, overload).
NOTE In some applications a load from load combinations B occurs frequently enough to require inclusion in
the fatigue assessment. The stresses from these exceptional loads are handled in the same way as those from the
regular loads.
Table 3 — Load combinations and safety factors

Category of Clause of Loads No. Load Load Load combinations C
loads EN 81-44 combina- combina-
tions A tions B
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
A 5.1.1.2 All dead weights 1 1,7 1,7 1,1 μ1 1,1 1,1 1,1
Regular with the exception
loads of the carrier
5.1.1.2 Dead weight of the 2 1,7 1,7 1,1 μ1 1,1 1,1 1,1
unloaded carrier
5.1.1.3 Rated load by 3 1,7 1,7 1,1 μ1 1,1 1,3
persons and
material evenly
distributed
5.1.1.5 Loads exerted by 4 1,35 1,35 1,1
persons
5.1.1.4 Friction forces 1,1 1,1
B 5.1.1.6.2 In-service wind 5 1,16 1,1

Occasional loads
loads 5.1.1.7 Snow and ice 6 1,35 1,1 μ1
5.1.1.8 Temperature 7 1,16
C 5.1.1.5.3 Personal falling 8 1,5

Exceptional accident
loads
5.1.1.6.3 Out-of-service 9 1,1
wind loads
5.1.1.9 Loads created by 10 1,1

the buffers ×φ
7
5.1.1.10 Seismic loads / 12 1
accelerations
φ7 Dynamic factor due to buffer loads, see EN 13001-2:2014.
Μ1 Impact factor caused by triggering of overspeed safety device or fall arrest safety device:
Maximum impact factor from the lift drop tests (Sd, see A.2.11) or 2,4 (maximum value of 3 reduced by 20 %
due to the softness of the cabin).
A Normal use of the lift with regular loads
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Category of Clause of Loads No. Load Load Load combinations C

loads EN 81-44 combina- combina-
tions A tions B
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
B Load combination A combined with wind in service, snow and ice, temperature (only when operating outside)
C1 Personal falling accident
C2 Triggering of fall arrest safety device or overspeed safety device
C3 Wind loads for outside operating lifts – Lift out of service condition
C4 Carrier contacts the buffer
C5 Overload condition
C6 Lift out of service condition
5.1.3 Calculation of static and fatigue strength
5.1.3.1 Load-bearing structures
For the defined load combinations, the calculation of the different members of structures is set out
allowing a safety margin for the critical stresses. The following common failure modes shall be taken into
account:
— limit of strength exceeded (yield, ultimate);
— elastic instability;
— fatigue limit exceeded;
— deformation limits exceeded.
5.1.3.1.1 Limit design stresses for steel and aluminium structures
The limit design stress fRd, used for the design of structural members, is calculated as follows:
fy
f Rdσ = (6)
γm
fy
f Rdτ = (7)
3γm
where
fRdσ is limit design normal stress;
fRdτ is limit design shear stress;
fy is the nominal value of the yield strength of the material;
γm is resistance coefficient.
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prEN 81-44:2021 (E)
Table 4 — Resistance coefficient for materials
Load Load Load

Material combination combination combination
A B C
Resistance Steel 1,1 1,1 1,1

coefficient γm
Aluminium 1,27 1,27 1,27
For the structural member to be designed it shall be proven that:

σSd ≤ fRdσ and τSd ≤ fRdτ
where
σSd and τSd are the design stresses. The von Mises equivalent stress may be used as the
design stress instead;
fRdσ and are the corresponding limit design stresses. In case von Mises is used, fRd is
fRdτ the limit design stress.
5.1.3.1.2 Checks against fatigue of structures
For parts subject to fatigue of the lift structures the minimum number of load cycles shall be 31 500 using
the load spectrum factor 1,0.
The proof of fatigue strength may be executed by applying the load combination A, setting all partial
safety factors γp = 1.
5.1.3.1.3 Check of the carrier structure during fall arrest safety device activation (Load
combination C2)
For load combination C2, the following acceptance criteria apply:

σc < fu
where
σc is calculated stress;
fu is ultimate strength.
An additional calculation based on LC2 shall be performed where variable weights based on travelling
height dead weights (mRe and mPCe) shall not be considered. This calculation shall be checked according
to 5.1.3.1.1.
5.1.3.2 Mechanisms
Components of mechanisms, such as shafts, gears, bearings, shall be checked for adequate safety against
dynamic load, failure due to fracture, crippling, fatigue and excessive wear.
5.1.3.2.1 Calculation against breaking
In the calculation of the mechanisms on strength against breaking is checked, whether the calculated
stress is not greater than the permissible stress, which is dependent on the breaking strength of the
material used.
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The calculated stress σc shall be smaller or equal than the allowable stress σa obtained by dividing fu by
a material safety factor γf depending on the load combinations set out in Table 5.
fu
σa = for normal stress (8)
γf
fu
σa = for shear stress (9)
3γ f
where
σa is allowable stress;
fu is ultimate strength;
γf is material safety factor for parts with continuous stress.
Table 5 — Value of γf for carbon steel and stainless steel
Load combination Load combination Load

A B combination C
Value of vR 2,2 2,2 1,8
Allowable stress fu / 2,2 fu / 2,2 fu / 1,8

σa
NOTE Guidance material not presented in Table 5 can be found from references in Table 6.
For the ultimate strength fu of the material see the specific standards and literature.
5.1.3.2.2 Calculation against fatigue and wear
A fatigue stress analysis shall be made for all mechanisms, load bearing components and joints which are
critical to fatigue (e.g. shafts and gearing). This analysis shall take into account the degree of stress
fluctuation and the number of stress cycles, which can be a multiple of the number of load cycles.
The determination of the number of stress cycles and load spectrum, the predictable use of lift shall be
taken into account. As a minimum, the manufacturer shall take the following into account for parts subject
to fatigue and wear of the driving mechanism (e.g. hoists, gears), except for surfaces in contact with wire
ropes:
a) 50 % of the movements with 50 % of the rated load in the carrier;
b) 50 % of the movements with rated load in the carrier;
c) for the calculation of the drives each movement consists of acceleration from rest to rated speed
travel at rated speed for nominal travel distance – deceleration to full stop;
d) operating hours 250 h.
NOTE Resistance against wear of sheaves can be determined by tests.
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For each component the least favourable combination of upwards and downwards movements shall be
taken into account.
Each shaft shall possess a minimum safety factor of 2,0 against the appropriate endurance limit, taking
into account all notch effects.
5.1.3.2.2.1 Rack and pinion
Each pinion shall possess a minimum safety factor of 2,0 against the endurance limit for tooth strength,
taking into account the maximum wear as stated in the manufacturer’s instruction handbook. Each pinion
shall possess a minimum safety factor of 1,4 against the endurance limit for pitting.
The rack shall possess a minimum safety factor of 2,0 against the static limit for tooth strength, taking
into account the maximum wear as stated in the manufacturer’s instruction handbook.
5.1.4 Calculation for the suspension
5.1.4.1 General
Suspensions shall be designed and constructed to withstand the loads derived from the static and
dynamic tests and any additional dynamic loads caused by a failure of a hoist or suspension wire rope.
The loads producing lateral sway can be caused by wind, movement of the platform or surges caused by
the starting and stopping of the lift.
Reaction forces caused by the lift shall be taken into account in the design of the tower or structure.
5.1.4.2 Requirements for suspension beams for traction hoist drives
Suspension beam design is not included in the scope of the lift design. However, the lift manufacturer
shall provide design loads, position and direction according to load combinations in Table 3 as part of the
installation documentation to allow the suspension beam to be designed and calculated. A dynamic load
coefficient Sd of 3 shall be used for calculations of the suspension beam. Calculations shall be done
according to EN 1993-1-1:20052 and shall include the connection to the tower (i.e. weldings or bolts).
There shall be an independent attachment point(s) for each wire rope.
5.1.5 Calculation for steel wire ropes
5.1.5.1 General
These requirements apply to all drive and safety wire ropes involved directly or indirectly in supporting
a carrier.
Drive and safety wire rope shall be the same type.
S is equal to the WLL of the hoist divided by the number (nr) of steel wire ropes used in that hoist carrying
the suspended load.
S = WLL / nr (10)
where
WLL is working load limit of the drive unit;
nr is number of load carrying ropes.
The calculated drive wire rope factor Zp of the drive wire rope shall be as follows:
Zp = Fmin / S (11)
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where
Zp is equal to or greater than 10 for a single active rope suspension system;
Fmin is minimum breaking load of the wire rope.
5.1.5.2 Proof of fatigue strength of drive wire ropes
The design life of the rope in cycles or hours shall be defined by lift manufacturer. Fatigue strength of
rope shall be proven by calculations or by tests according to B.2.6.
5.1.6 Calculation methods
The strength of load bearing structures and mechanisms shall be primarily calculated and proofed in
accordance with EN 13001 series of standards. Guidance of the suitable standards is given in Table 6.
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Table 6 — Guidance of the standards applicable for calculations
Object Standard Note

Wind loads EN 13001-2
Snow loads EN 1991-1-3
Seismic loads EN 1998-1
Structural calculation, static EN 13001-3-1
strength of steel structures EN 1993-1-1 Steel
EN 1993-1-4 Stainless steel
EN 1808
EN 81-20
EN 81-50
Structural calculation, static EN 1999-1-1
strength of aluminium EN 1808
structures
Structural calculation, fatigue EN 13001-3-1
strength of steel structures
Structural calculation, fatigue EN 1999-1-3

strength of aluminium
structures
Classification of hoist ISO 4301-1
mechanisms FEM 1.001 booklet 2
Fatigue of components of FEM 1.001 booklet 4
mechanisms
Roller bearings ISO 281
Shafts DIN 743
FEM 1.001 booklet 4
Static and fatigue strength and ISO 6336, DIN 3990 Cylindrical gears
wear of gears ISO 10300, DIN 3991 Bevel gears
ISO/TR 14521 Worm gears
FEM 1.001 booklet 4 Housing, traction sheave etc.
Static strength of rope EN 13001-3-2
ISO 16625
Fatigue strength of rope EN 13001-3-2
5.2 Liftway protection, base enclosure and landing access

5.2.1 General
A lift, when installed for use, shall have a dedicated travel path and protected landings.
Depending on the rated speed and the use of obstruction detection devices the liftway shall be protected
with suitable solutions, see Table 7.
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Table 7 — Criteria for liftway protection
Base enclosure Liftway protection

Type of lift Full height landing Reduced height Full height Open
protection (5.2.3.3) landing landing reduced
protection protection height
(5.2.3.4) (5.2.3.3) landing
protection
(5.2.3.4)
Lift with x x
speed ≤ 0,4 m/s no
obstruction detection
device
Lift with x x x
speed ≤ 0,4 m/s with
device on bottom
Lift with x x x x
speed ≤ 0,4 m/s with
device on top and
bottom
Lift with x x
speed > 0,4 m/s
Lift with x x x x
speed ≤ 0,4 m/s and no
device and distance
from inside of the
landing protection to
the carrier ≥ 0,5 m
5.2.2 Liftway protection
5.2.2.1 General
The liftway protection shall withstand the same load as landing gates, see 5.1.1.5.2.
All safety distances where not already stated in this standard, shall comply with EN ISO 13857:2019. All
gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body shall comply with EN ISO 13854:2019.
5.2.2.2 Clearance around the carrier
Persons shall be protected against harmful contact with a moving carrier. On any location where a person
can be present (i.e. platform, ladder), safety provisions are required.
The specific provisions that are required are in function of the distance of the person to the carrier, the
provided liftway protection and the carriers nominal travel speed and safety systems installed.
If the person can move to a location in proximity to the carrier (i.e. on landings, base), liftway protection
according to Table 7 are required. In other cases, provisions in Table 8 below are required (i.e. on partial
platforms, ladders).
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Table 8 — Clearance around the carrier and related safety measures
Safety Distance to carrier Maximum travel Top and bottom

clearance zone speed 0,4 m/s obstruction
detection device
0 ≥ 1 400 mm or according to
EN ISO 13857:2019, Table 1
1 500 mm to < 1 400 mm x
2 50 mm to < 500mm x x
3 < 50 mm (in travel path) x xa
a See Table 9.
Safety clearance zones are described in Figure 2.
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Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Safety clearance zones
To assess the safety clearance of a climbing ladder, a safe climbing area described in Figure 3 shall be
respected.
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Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 3 — Safe climbing area
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5.2.2.3 Clearances beneath the carrier
When a pit is provided it shall give sufficient space in accordance with EN 81-20:2020, 5.2.5.8. If a pit is
not provided, mechanical means (e.g. a moveable prop, manual locking of an overspeed safety device or
equivalent) shall be provided to create a minimum vertical clearance of at least 1,8 m. The clearance shall
extend under the entire area of the carrier. It shall be possible to erect and dismantle the means provided
without any person having to be beneath the carrier.
A limit switch in accordance with 5.7.7.4 shall monitor the means provided above to ensure the lift cannot
move whilst the prop or equivalent is in place.
5.2.2.4 Clearances above the carrier
When the top of the carrier is used as working platform according to 5.5.4.2, the free distance between
any part of the carrier and the any part of structures above the carrier shall be at least 300 mm and a
refuge space to accommodate a rectangular block not less than 0,50 m × 0,70 m × 1,0 m secured by
mechanical means.
When it is not allowed to access the top of the carrier and the carrier has reached its highest possible
position, the free distance between any part of the carrier and any part of structures above the carrier
shall be at least 100 mm.
If the top of the carrier is not allowed to be accessible, additional marking shall be put on the carrier roof
to indicate that it is prohibited to stand on the carrier roof.
NOTE Maintenance possibilities to be considered with the design of the carrier.
5.2.3 Liftway protection at landings
5.2.3.1 General requirements
When the lift is erected, it shall be provided with landing gates in the liftway protection at every point of
entry including the base enclosure.
The type of the liftway protection at landings shall be in accordance with Table 7.
Landing gates shall not open towards the liftway. In case the gates are being used to access the ladder
(ladder guided lifts), they shall be self-closing.
Landing gates shall have a minimum clear width opening of 0,5 m.
It shall be possible to see that the carrier is at the landing (e.g. by using indicators according to
EN 81-20:2020, 5.3.7.2).
Landing gates shall be guided, and their movement shall be limited by mechanical stops.
Power operated landing gates are not permitted.
Landing gates shall not be opened or shut by a device which is mechanically, or by other means, operated
by the movement of the carrier.
Means shall be provided to reduce any horizontal distance between the sill of the carrier and the sill of
the landing for maximum 100 mm I, as well as any openings between the carrier and the landing access
side protection to not more than 180 mm (A) before access can be achieved between the carrier and the
landing (see Figures 4 to 6).
Landing gates shall be fitted with interlocking devices according to 5.7.7.1.
When, e.g. for maintenance purposes, the lift base enclosure is accessed by the landing gate at base level,
the landing gate shall be openable from the inside without a key or any tool, or be fitted with means
allowing climbing over the landing protection in case trapped key systems are used.
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5.2.3.2 Vertical sliding gate
Vertical sliding gate panels shall be supported by at least two independent suspension elements.
Flexible suspension elements shall possess a safety factor of at least 6 against their minimum breaking
strength. Means shall be provided for retaining them in their pulleys or sprockets.
Pulleys used in connection with vertical sliding gates shall have a diameter of at least 15 times the rope
diameter. Wire rope terminations shall be formed by means of metal filled sockets, self-tightening wedge
type sockets, hand spliced eyes, ferrule secured eyes or any other system with equivalent safety. U bolt
grips shall not be used.
Any tension weight used in connection with a gate shall be guided and shall be prevented from running
off the guides even in the event of failure of its suspension.
The tension weight(s) shall not be heavier than the door leaf and the load for opening and closing the
door shall not exceed 50 N.
5.2.3.3 Full height landing protection
When required by Table 7 full height landing protection shall be provided.

The minimum height of the landing protection shall be 2,5 m.
The height of the clear opening in the landing gate frame shall be not less than 2,0 m above the landing
threshold.
The dimensions between the closed carrier gate and the closed landing gate shall be according to Figure 4
when the carrier is at the landing zone. Dimension A shall be measured from height 1,1 m (Ha) from the
landing level (3). Dimensions B and C shall be measured from the landing level.
It shall not be possible to place a ball with a diameter of 180 mm in any gap between the closed carrier
door and landing gate door.
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Key
1 landing protection
2 carrier
3 landing level
A is max. 180 mm
B is max. 80 mm
C is max. 100 mm
D is min. height of full height landing protection (= 2,5 m)
Ha is measuring height
Figure 4 — Full height landing gate
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The size of any perforation or opening in a closed liftway protection and/or gates related to the clearances
from adjacent moving parts shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13857:2019, Table 4.
Any clearances around the edges of each gate or between gate sections shall conform to
EN ISO 13857:2019, Table 4 except for under the gate where the clearance shall not exceed 10 mm.
5.2.3.4 Reduced height landing protection
When permitted by Table 7, reduced height landing protection may be provided, see Figures 5, 6 and 7.
An open reduced height landing protection including the gate shall be in accordance with
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, 7.1.
The dimensions between the closed carrier gate and the closed landing gate shall be according to Figure 5
when the carrier is at the landing zone. Dimension A shall be measured from the top of the landing gate.
Dimensions B and C shall be measured from the landing level.
The reduced height landing gate shall cover the full width of the opening.
Reduced height landing protections in combination with liftway access during evacuation or rescue shall
be fitted with means to allow climbing over the landing protection. Means shall be provided to attach
personal fall protection equipment during the climb over the reduced height landing protection.
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Key
2 carrier
3 landing level
A is min. 50 mm, max. 180 mm
B is max. 80 mm
C is max. 100 mm
D is min. height of full height landing protection (= 1,1 m)
Figure 5 — Reduced height landing gate with less than 500 mm distance from landing protection
to carrier
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The dimensions between the closed carrier gate and the closed landing gate with minimum 500 mm
distance from landing protection to carrier shall be according to Figure 6 when the carrier is at the
landing zone. Dimensions A and E shall be measured from the top of the landing gate. Dimensions B and
C shall be measured from the landing level.
Means shall be provided to prevent a person from standing in the area behind the closed landing gate.
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Key
2 carrier
3 landing level
A is max. 180 mm
B is max. 80 mm
C is max. 100 mm
D is min. height of reduced height landing protection (= 1,1 m)
E is min. 500 mm
Figure 6 — Reduced height landing protection with minimum 500 mm distance from landing
protection to carrier
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Key
2 carrier
3 ramp
4 landing level
B is max. 80 mm
D is min. height of reduced height landing protection (= 1,1 m)
E is min. 500 mm
F is max. 180 mm
Figure 7 — Reduced height landing protection with minimum 500 mm distance from landing
protection to carrier with ramp
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5.3 Base frame
When a base frame is used, it shall be designed to accommodate all loads acting on it generated by the lift
and the supporting structure and be able to transfer the loads onto the supporting surface.
5.4 Guiding systems and buffers
5.4.1 General
The carrier shall be guided allowing travel of the carrier only in the intended direction. The carrier shall
be guided over its full length of travel including the overrun at top and bottom.
The deflection of any part of the carrier, guide rails and/or elements shall be limited such that no collision
(e.g. with the landings or surrounding structures) can occur under any foreseeable circumstances. The
operational clearances specified in the standard shall always be maintained.
Guide rails and elements shall be so designed that they can withstand all load combinations as stipulated
in 5.1.2.
5.4.2 Rigid guiding for traction hoist drives
The guiding elements of the carrier shall consist of shoes or rollers. The guiding elements on the carrier
shall not wear out or damage the guiding profile during normal operation.
Alignment and smooth transition shall be ensured at profile connections.
Overspeed safety devices or fall arrest safety devices shall not be applied to the guiding profile.
When a climbing ladder stile or profile attached to a climbing ladder is used as guiding means, the ladder
and the brackets connecting to the tower shall be calculated according to 5.1. The ladder shall be in
accordance with EN ISO 14122-4:2016.
When a climbing ladder stile or profile attached to a climbing ladder is used as guiding means, the guiding
means elastic deformation shall not exceed 15 mm when loaded with its rated load and in the worst-case
configuration, including maximum inclination, height dependent dead loads and position of carrier
compared to the ladder.
Permanent deformation is allowed after the fall arrest device or overspeed safety device is activated with
the carrier loaded with its rated load plus the partial masses based on travelling height but the system
shall not fail and the ladder, if used, shall comply with strength requirements from EN ISO 14122-4:2016
after the test.
5.4.3 Mast guiding for rack and pinion drives
For mast guiding the maximum calculated permissible deflection shall be in accordance with
EN 81-20:2020, 5.7.4.6.
Connections between individual mast sections shall maintain alignment and provide effective load
transfer. Loosening of the connections shall only be possible by an intended manual action.
Attachments of drive elements (e.g. rack) to the mast shall ensure that the drive element is kept in correct
position so that the stipulated loads can be transferred to the mast and that the attachments are ensured
from coming loose.
Buckling of the guide rail shall be considered. The requirement of EN 81-50:2020, 5.10.3 apply.
The ties shall be designed so that they take care of the movements of the supporting structures and
withstand the load combinations in accordance with 5.1.2. Special attention shall be paid to loads
generated during erection and dismantling.
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If the mast is also used as the ladder of the wind turbine, it shall be designed in accordance with
EN ISO 14122-4:2016.
5.4.4 Rope guiding for traction hoist drives
For lifts with tensioned steel wire ropes, the tension shall be sufficient to restrict the horizontal
movement of the carrier so that when a horizontal load of 300 N at centre of gravity height is applied to
the carrier:
— the carrier does not get closer than 25 mm to the landing / liftway protection when any part of the
carrier is passing any part of the lifting / liftway protection;
— the carrier does not come into contact with any part of the interface along the travel path, respecting
safety clearances in Figure 2 and 3.
The guiding system shall be sufficient to restrict the inclination of the carrier so that when the rated load
is loaded on 1/3 of the floor surface, in a square area located in the most unfavourable corner:
— the carrier does not get closer than 25 mm to the landing / liftway protection when any part of the
carrier is passing any part of the lifting / liftway protection;
— the carrier does not come into contact with any part of the interface along the travel path, respecting
safety clearances in Figure 2 and 3.
When guiding wire ropes are only providing guiding function (not used for arresting the carrier in case
of falling), each guiding wire rope shall be selected to have a minimum safety factor of 4 against breaking
when subjected to nominal installation tensioning force. Installation tensioning force shall be applied an
installation factor of 1,1 to account for installation tolerances.
The tension on the guiding wire ropes shall be sufficient to restrict the rotational movement of the carrier
below the twisting point.
The tensioning system shall be provided with method to visually verify that tension is kept within the
specified values (i.e. integrated force dial).
Any tension weight being used where persons can stand below shall be secured with at least two
independent fixing means.
5.4.5 End limits of the movements
Means shall be provided to prevent the lift from running off the guides at extremes of travel. These means
shall function during normal operation as well as during erection, dismantling and maintenance.
The travel of the carrier shall be limited at the bottom of its travel by buffers. The average deceleration
of the carrier during action of the buffers shall not exceed 1 g, with no peak exceeding 2,5 g for more than
0,04 s when carrier is loaded with rated load at a speed equal to the highest of nominal speed or no power
descent speed.
If fitted, oil buffers shall be provided with a means for checking the oil level. An electrical safety switch
shall monitor the stroke of the oil buffer so that the carrier cannot be driven by the normal operating
means unless the buffer is in its normal extended position.
5.5 Carrier
5.5.1 General requirements
The carrier shall be fully enclosed.

The minimum interior free-standing height shall be 2,0 m.
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The carrier shall be designed for the rated load given in 5.1.1.3.
The carrier shall be guided to prevent disengagement or jamming. At least 4 guiding elements are
required. See 5.4.
The carrier shall be designed to ensure that the maximum inclination of the carrier floor is not more than
5° from the horizontal level.
In rack and pinion lift the carrier shall be provided with effective devices with retain the carrier to the
carrier guides in the event of the normal guide or rollers fails.
The carrier shall be ventilated. Carriers with imperforated enclosure shall be provided with ventilation
in accordance with EN 81-20:2020, 5.4.9. Carriers with perforated enclosure shall have a minimum area
of 4 % of the inside carrier floor area divided equally between the bottom and top of the carrier.
Anchor devices for personal protection equipment shall be provided, see 5.1.1.5.3. Anchor devices shall
be according to EN 795:2012. Quantity and position of the anchor devices shall be in accordance with the
rescue and evacuation procedure and at least equal to the maximum number of users.
Means of escape from the carrier shall be provided. It shall be possible to manually open the carrier door
or evacuation ladder access door or trapdoor to allow access to evacuation means (e.g. ladder). Suitable
space for evacuation process shall be taken into account in selection of carrier door design and carrier
floor area.
The evacuation shall not require more than 1,1 m stepping distance between the carrier and evacuation
means. The distance shall be measured from the middle of the carrier door foot space to the middle of the
foot space of the evacuation means. The distance shall be a straight, unobstructed step.
A handhold on the inside of the cabin, close to the foot space of the carrier door shall be provided. The
handhold shall be mounted at a height between 1,6 and 1,9 m height.
An anchor point, within reach from inside the carrier and the ladder, with a maximum distance of 1,5 m
to the ladder shall be provided.
The carrier door or ladder access door or trapdoor shall be provided with means to allow opening from
outside to allow rescuing of an unconscious person in the lift.
5.5.2 Carrier floor
The carrier floor shall be designed to withstand the loads in accordance with 5.1.1.5.2 and it shall be slip
resistant (e.g. chequer plate). There shall be measures to prevent water to stall inside the lift, e.g. by free
draining. Maximum diameter of any opening shall be 10 mm.
For each person in the carrier, a carrier floor area minimum of 0,25 m2 shall be provided.
5.5.3 Carrier walls
The carrier shall have walls extended to full height between the floor and the roof. Walls shall be designed
to withstand the loads in accordance with 5.1.1.5.1. When applying the load to the wall the elastic
deformation shall not exceed 30 mm. In addition, the elastic deformation shall not cause the wall to
collide with any interface. If the walls are perforated, the safety distances of EN ISO 13857:2019, 4.2.4.1
shall be respected.
If the walls are perforated, the openings shall not allow the passage of a sphere with diameter 15 mm.
5.5.4 Carrier roof
5.5.4.1 General
The carrier shall be roofed.

The roof structure shall be designed to withstand the loads in accordance with 5.1.1.5.2.
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If the roof is perforated, the openings shall not allow vertical passage of a straight rigid rod with diameter
15 mm.
The roof shall not allow a steel sphere of weight 0,7 kg and of diameter 75 mm ± 2 mm to penetrate the
carrier when dropped from a height of 5 m.
5.5.4.2 Carrier roof used as working platform
When the roof is used as a working platform (e.g. for erection, dismantling, maintenance or inspection),
means shall be provided to ensure that the carrier can’t move in normal operation while somebody is
standing on the roof. The carrier roof is regarded to be accessible, when it is used as a working platform.
Means shall be provided to access the working platform (e.g. a trapdoor).
The working platform shall fulfil following requirements:
— its standing surface shall be flat and slip resistant;
— roof standing area shall be minimum of 0,25 m2 and only one person allowed;
— roof shall be equipped with a guard rail complying with requirements in accordance with
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, consisting of handrail of not less than 1,1 m above the roof, an intermediate
rail at half the height and a toe board not less than 100 mm height from the carrier roof;
— the guard rail shall not be placed more than 150 mm (horizontally) inside the edge of the roof or
other means shall be provided to prevent user to stand outside the guard rail.
If a person may be standing on the roof while the lift is moving, a roof control in accordance with 5.7.9.3
shall be provided.
5.5.5 Carrier door
The door opening shall have height of at least 2,0 m (measured from the carrier floor) and a clear width
of at least 0,5 m.
The door shall fully cover the opening.
Power operated carrier doors are not permitted.
Means to prevent items from falling shall be provided (e.g. a toe board).
The doors shall regarding to perforations meet the requirements in EN ISO 13857:2019. Perforations
shall not allow the passage of sphere of diameter 15 mm.
The door shall not be able to be closed and locked while applying a load of 150 N in the closing direction
when a PFPE (i.e. lanyard/shock absorber) of diameter at least 8 mm is hooked with one end on any
anchor points inside the carrier and the other end on a person standing in any location outside the carrier.
Imperforate doors, when fitted shall be provided with a vision panel, indication for landing zone or
system allowing to stop lift levelled with platform.
During normal operation it shall not be possible to open any carrier door unless the carrier floor is
within ± 150 mm of a landing.
It shall not be possible under operating conditions to start and keep in motion the carrier unless all carrier
doors are in the closed position. Furthermore, it shall not be possible to start and keep in motion the
carrier with unlocked doors under normal operation conditions unless it is inside the landing zone.
The carrier door shall be designed to withstand the loads in accordance with 5.1.1.5. When applying the
load to the door the elastic deformation shall not exceed 30 mm. In addition, the elastic deformation shall
not cause the door to collide with any interface. If the door is perforated, the safety distances of
EN ISO 13857:2019, 4.2.4.1 shall be respected.
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The carrier door shall be fitted with an interlocking device with guard locking in accordance with 5.7.7.3.
Any emergency escape opening for the door in the carrier shall be at least 0,5 m × 1,5 m.
5.5.6 Trapdoor and ladder access door
If a trapdoor and/or a ladder access door is provided, it shall be interlocked in accordance with 5.7.7.2.
A trapdoor and a ladder access door, if provided, shall be able to be opened with the maximum allowed
number of people present in the carrier.
Any trapdoor in the roof or floor shall be at least 0,4 m × 0,5 m. A roof trapdoor shall not open inwards.
A floor trapdoor shall open inwards. Means giving access (e.g. ladder, steps or ladder access door) to such
a trapdoor, shall be permanently available inside the carrier.
The ladder access door shall not open outwards. The ladder access door shall at least conform to the
emergency escape opening dimensions as described in 5.5.5. The horizontal distance shall not be more
than 180 mm from the ladder to the carrier sill when the ladder access door is open.
5.5.7 Inspection opening
Inspection openings in the carrier positioned at a height of minimum 1 100 mm are allowed.
The openings shall be provided with a cover which is attached to the carrier and shall be fixed with
captive screws. If the opening is larger than 120 mm an interlocking device shall be provided which stops
the lift when the cover is opened. The cover shall comply with the strength requirements as mentioned
in 5.1.1.5.1.
5.6 Drive units
5.6.1 General
Drive unit shall be directly mounted to the carrier.

Each lift shall have at least one drive unit of its own.
Each drive unit shall be calculated in accordance with 5.1.
The drive motor shall be coupled to the drive pinion or traction sheaves by a drive unit which cannot be
disengaged.
The carrier shall during normal operation and maintenance, be raised and lowered under power at all
times.
For all lifts, the speed of the empty carrier upwards or of the carrier with rated load downwards shall not
exceed the rated speed by more than 15 % under normal operating conditions.
The sum of the loads defined in 5.1.1 and 5.7.4 shall not exceed the WLL of the drive unit.
A drive unit shall be able to lift and lower a load at least equal to 125 % of its working load limit. If a drive
unit can lift a load of more than 250 % of its working load limit without stalling then an additional safety
device (additional to the overload device) such as a current overload device, thermal overload device or
torque limiting device shall be incorporated.
The drive unit of the lift shall be provided with a braking system which operates automatically in the
event of loss of the main or control circuit power supply, and is capable on its own to stop the carrier
from rated speed with 1,25 times the rated load.
5.6.2 No-power descent
Lift shall have a manually operated system that allows controlled descent of the lift in case of power
failure. This system shall be readily accessible to user(s) on the lift. The system shall be capable of being
manually released from within the carrier and shall require a constant effort of no more than 400 N.
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The no-power descent shall have a “hold-to-run” action giving a minimum of 20 % and a maximum of
166 % of the rated speed of the lift under rated load, but limited to maximum speed 0,63 m/s. The
controlled descent speed shall be lower than the triggering speed of the overspeed safety device.
The no-power descent system shall be designed to prevent any part of the body being trapped or struck
(e.g. solid hand wheel, electrical interlock, power cut-off if manual crank in use).
5.6.3 Protection and accessibility
During normal operation, the safety distance to parts of the driving machinery shall be in accordance
with EN ISO 13857:2019 and EN ISO 13854:2019.
Where guarding affords suitable protection, fixed guarding shall be provided to prevent the entry of any
material that might cause damage to any part of the drive unit, e.g. gravel, rain, snow, ice, mortar and
dust.
Guards shall be provided for all hazardous parts of the drive unit e.g. gear wheels, belts and chains,
revolving shafts, flywheels, guide rollers, couplings and similar rotating parts unless those parts are made
safe by design or by position, and the guards shall be designed to permit easy access for routine inspection
and maintenance work.
5.6.4 Traction hoist drive
5.6.4.1 General
Hoist traction hoist drives shall be power operated.

The lift shall be fitted with a means of recording the amount of use the hoisting system has had.
5.6.4.2 Pulleys
Minimum pitch diameter of pulleys, drums and traction sheaves is given by the following formula:
D≥H×d (12)
where
H is pitch ratio (≥20 for power operated hoists);
d is the rope diameter.
For unloaded pulleys or when the deflection angle is less than 5° the minimum pitch ratio H may be
reduced to H ≥ 10.
5.6.4.3 Mechanical transmission
The mechanical transmission between motor, brake, gearbox and traction system shall be of the positive
type and shall not depend upon frictional forces for its operation.
5.6.4.4 Wire rope guides
The hoisting system shall be designed so that the wire ropes are guided through the hoist(s), overspeed
safety device (s) and pulley(s) to prevent the wire ropes leaving their intended route.
5.6.4.5 Service brakes
Service brakes shall conform to EN 1808:2015, 8.1.6 and 8.3.2 and/or 8.3.3.
5.6.4.6 Prime mover
Prime mover shall conform to EN 1808:2015, 8.3.1.
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5.6.4.7 Traction force
The hoist shall be designed to prevent any slipping or creeping of the wire rope in the traction system
during lifting and lowering a load of not less than 1,5 times the WLL.
A traction hoist shall not use tail-line tensioning to develop the necessary traction to lift and lower the
load.
5.6.4.8 Traction sheave grooving
Traction sheaves shall have grooves with surface roughness of Ra ≤ 6,3 μm. The traction sheave of a hoist
shall be designed to suit the type and diameter of the wire rope intended for use with the hoist.
5.6.4.9 Wire ropes
Wire ropes shall be made of steel and shall be in accordance with EN 12385-1:2002+A1:2008,
EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, EN 12385-3:2002+A1:2008, EN 12385-4:2002+A1:2008 and
EN 10264-1:2012, EN 10264-2:2012, EN 10264-3:2012, EN 10264-4:2012. Terminations and thimbles
shall be in accordance with EN 13411-1:2002+A1:2008, EN 13411-2:2001+A1:2008,
EN 13411-3:2004+A1:2008, EN 13411-4:2011, EN 13411-5:2003+A1:2008,
EN 13411-6:2004+A1:2008, EN 13411-7:2006+A1:2008.
The minimum number of ropes shall be one for the traction hoist and one for the fall arrest safety device.
Ropes shall be resistant against corrosion during the period of use of the rope, in the specified
environment of use.
The minimum nominal wire rope diameter shall be 8 mm.
5.6.5 Rack and pinion drive
5.6.5.1 General
Drive pinions and overspeed safety device pinions shall be positively fastened to their shafts. Means
involving friction and clamping shall not be used.
The safety device pinion shall be situated lower than the drive pinions and acting on the carrier structure.
The racks shall be securely attached. Joints in the rack shall be accurately aligned to avoid faulty meshing
or damage to teeth.
Means shall be provided to prevent the penetration of foreign bodies that may be detrimental to safe
operation, between each drive or safety pinion and the geared rack.
Under all conditions the retardation of the carrier shall not exceed 1,0 g.
5.6.5.2 Design
5.6.5.2.1 Pinion
Each pinion shall be designed in accordance with ISO 6336-1:2019, ISO 6336-2:2019, ISO 6336-3:2019
and ISO 6336-5:2016 with regard to tooth strength and pitting.
Each pinion shall possess a minimum safety factor of 2,0 against the endurance limit for tooth strength,
taking into account the maximum wear as stated in the manufacturer’s instruction handbook.
Each pinion shall possess a minimum safety factor of 1,4 against the endurance limit for pitting.
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5.6.5.2.2 Rack
The rack shall be made of material having properties matching those of the pinion in terms of wear and
shall be designed in accordance with ISO 6336-1:2019, ISO 6336-2:2019, ISO 6336-3:2019 and
ISO 6336-5:2016, with regard to tooth strength and pitting.
The rack shall possess a minimum safety factor of 2,0 against the static limit for tooth strength, taking
into account the maximum wear as stated in the manufacturer’s instruction handbook.
5.6.5.2.3 Load distribution
When there is more than one drive pinion in mesh with the rack, then either a self-adjusting means shall
be provided to effectively share the loading on each drive pinion or the drive unit shall be so designed as
to accommodate all normal conditions of load distribution between the pinions.
5.6.5.2.4 Modules
The rack and pinion tooth module shall be not less than:
1) four (4) for drive units where the counter roller or other mesh control feature reacts directly on the
rack without the interposition of any other mast profiles;
2) six (6) where the reaction of the counter roller or other mesh control feature is by means of another
element of the mast which is then in immediate contact with the rack.
5.6.5.2.5 Rack and pinion engagement
Means shall be provided to maintain the rack and all the driving and safety device pinions in correct mesh
under every load condition. Such means shall not rely solely upon the carrier guide rollers or shoes.
The correct mesh shall be when the pitch circle diameter of the pinion is coincident with, or not more
than 1/3 of the module out beyond, the pitch line of the rack (see Figure 8).
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Key
A pinion
B rack
d1 outside diameter of pinion
d0 pitch diameter of pinion
d2 base diameter of pinion
d pitch line of rack
e 1/3 module max.
m module
Figure 8 — Correct mesh of pinion tooth
Further means shall be provided to ensure that in the event of failure of the means provided in a), the
pitch circle diameter of the pinion shall never be more than 2/3 of the module out beyond the pitch line
of the rack (see Figure 9).
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Key
A pinion
B rack
d1 outside diameter of pinion
d2 base diameter of pinion
d pitch line of rack
f ⅔ module max.
m module
Figure 9 — Minimum mesh of pinion tooth
Means shall be provided to ensure that the calculated width of engagement of the rack and the pinion is
maintained (see Figure 10).
Key
A pinion
B rack
C chamfer
g rack width
i pinion tooth width of full form
Figure 10 — Correct engagement of tooth
Further means shall be provided to ensure that in the event of failure of the means specified in c), not less
than 90 % of the calculated width of engagement of the rack and the pinion will remain (see Figure 11).
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Key
A pinion
B rack
C chamfer
g rack width
h 90 % of rack width
i pinion tooth width of full form
Figure 11 — Minimum engagement of tooth
5.6.5.3 Rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units
Rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units can be used for a lift with maximum speed of
0,4 m/s.
Rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units shall
— have at least 2 identical drive units where each drive unit shall have its own brake, with each brake
unit being completely independent and each being positively but separately connected to the rack
and pinion system;
— be equipped with drive unit fault detection device according to 5.7.8. If there is a fault in the drive
unit system, there shall be a continuous warning by means of an audio or visual signal and the control
of the lift shall be disabled;
— be able to be tested by a competent person such that each individual brake can be tested separately;
— be accessible for inspection, maintenance and functional testing of the system without major
dismantling.
Each drive unit shall be independently able to prevent any downward movement of the carrier that is
loaded to 125 % of rated load.
Each drive unit shall be capable of moving the carrier to the bottom floor under no-power descent.
Each drive unit shall be provided with a mechanical device capable of safely lowering the weight of the
carrier and 125 % of rated load at a maximum of 110 % of the rated speed.
5.7 Control and limiting devices
5.7.1 General
All control devices shall conform to EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008.

The control functions of the lift shall conform to EN 60204-1:2018, 9.2, and shall have a stop category 0.
The stopping of the machine shall be achieved with adequate measures in conformity with Table 9.
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Table 9 — Safety requirements for all lifts in wind turbines
Safety related parts Clause Category in Function

accordance with
EN ISO 13849-1:2015
Emergency stop 5.7.6 C Cut of main contactor
equipment
Overload detection 5.7.4 B Lifting prevented.
device Lowering prevented.
(2,5 × mH > WLL)
Alarm.
Overload detection 5.6.1 C
device
(2,5 × mH ≤ WLL)
Lifting limit switch 5.7.2.1 A Lifting prevented.
Lowering allowed.
Ultimate lifting limit 5.7.2.2 C Cut of main contactor
switch
Top obstruction 5.7.5 Lifting prevented.
detection device Lowering allowed.
- Liftway used for D
access
- Liftway not used for C
access
Lowering limit switch 5.7.2.3 A Lifting allowed.
Ultimate lowering 5.7.2.4 C Lowering prevented.
limit switch (Rack and
pinion drive only)
Bottom obstruction 5.7.5 Lifting allowed.
detection device Lowering prevented.
- Liftway used for D
access
- Liftway not used for C
access
Carrier door 5.7.7.3 D Lifting prevented.
interlocking device Lowering prevented.
(closed)
Carrier door locked 5.7.7.3 D
switch
3 phase monitoring 5.8.2.3 B Cut of main contactor
Overspeed safety 5.9.1 B Lifting allowed.
device switch Lowering prevented.
Fall arrest safety 5.9.2 B
device switch
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accordance with
EN ISO 13849-1:2015
Safety device switch 5.9.3 B Movements by means of the
(rack pinion) normal controls prevented
Slack (suspension) 5.7.3 C Lifting allowed.
rope device Lowering prevented.
Drive unit fault 5.6.5.3 C Lifting prevented.
detection device for Lowering prevented.
two drive unit systems
Monitoring the means 5.2.2.3, 5.7.7.4 C Lifting by means of the normal
for the minimum controls prevented.
clearances beneath the Lowering prevented.
carrier stored position
Monitoring the means 5.2.2.3, 5.7.7.4 B Lifting by means of the normal
for the minimum controls prevented.
clearances beneath the Lowering prevented.
carrier deployed
position (to run on the
carrier on roof
control)
Buffer oil level 5.4.5 D Normal operation prevented.
monitoring
Trap door monitoring 5.7.7.2 B Normal operation prevented.
(top)
Trap door monitoring 5.7.7.2 B Normal operation prevented.
(bottom)
Carrier movement 5.5.4.2 C Lifting prevented.
prevention when car Lowering prevented.
roof is accessed
(allowed access) (no
roof control provided)
Lift way not used for
access
Carrier movement 5.5.4 D Lifting prevented.
prevention when car Lowering prevented.
roof is accessed
(allowed access) (no
roof control provided)
Liftway provided for
access
Roof control 5.5.4.2 / D Lifting allowed.
(inspection mode) 5.7.9.3 Lowering allowed.
Speed limitation.
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accordance with
EN ISO 13849-1:2015
Roof control (two 5.5.4.2 / B Lifting allowed.
hand control) 5.7.9.3 Lowering allowed.
Speed limitation.
Landing gate 5.2.3 / 5.7.7.1 D Lifting prevented.
interlocking device Lowering prevented.
(not closed)
Landing gate locked 5.2.3 / 5.7.7.1 D Lifting prevented outside the
switch landing zone.
Lowering prevented outside the
landing zone.
Inspection cover 5.5.7 C Lifting prevented.
diameter > 120 mm Lowering prevented.
Monitoring of the 5.7.2.5 D Lifting prevented.
presence of mast Lowering allowed.
section and stopping
the carrier in case of
absence of the mast
section during
erection
5.7.2 Travel limit switches
5.7.2.1 Lifting limit switch
A lifting limit switch shall be provided to stop the lift at the top travel limit. After triggering this limit
switch only electric powered lowering shall be possible, no electric powered lifting.
5.7.2.2 Ultimate lifting limit switch
Ultimate lifting limit switch shall be provided to stop the lift completely before the lift reaches the extreme
end of the travel path. After triggering this ultimate limit switch, no electric powered lifting or lowering
shall be possible until a competent person has taken corrective action.
5.7.2.3 Lowering limit switch
A lowering limit switch shall be provided to stop the lift at the bottom travel limit. After triggering this
limit switch only electric powered lifting shall be possible, no electric powered lowering.
5.7.2.4 Ultimate lowering limit switch
An ultimate lowering limit switch shall be provided for rack and pinion lifts to stop the lift completely
before the lift reaches the extreme end of the travel path. After triggering this ultimate limit switch, no
electric powered lifting or lowering shall be possible until a competent person has taken corrective
action.
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5.7.2.5 Mast detection switch
A limit switch shall be provided for rack and pinion lifts to detect the presence of mast sections above the
drive unit during travel in erection mode. If a mast section is not detected, the machine shall be prevented
from further upward travel.
5.7.3 Slack rope device
When no bottom obstruction device is provided, a slack rope device shall be provided. The device shall
have a limit switch to interrupt the electric powered lowering of the lift until corrective action has been
taken by a competent person.
5.7.4 Overload detection device
An overload detection device shall be provided and it shall prevent the carrier to leave from the landing
in the event of overload in the carrier.
The following overload detection devices are considered:
— Type 1: Overload detection through monitoring of tension of the drive wire rope at the carrier;
— Type 2: Overload detection through monitoring of tension of the drive wire rope at the top
suspension attachment;
— Type 3: Overload detection through monitoring load between the drive unit and the carrier.
Depending on the overload detection device the masses to be considered for the calculations and testing
may vary.
The overload detection device shall function only when carrier is at a landing. The overload detection
device may stop the lift while going through landings (to limit exceptional loads of height dependent
components to maximum distance between landings).
The overload detection device shall detect any load inside and on the carrier (e.g. on the roof).
The overload system shall be able to be adjusted so that the lift can reach the top landing with mH + mpc
+ mRe + mpce without exceeding 1,25 × mH + mpc + mRe + mpce.
The overload shall be indicated by an indicator light or an acoustic signal.
5.7.5 Obstruction detection device
Top and bottom obstruction detection devices shall be provided when a person can come into hazardous
contact with moving carrier. This requirement shall be taken into account along the whole travel path.
Especially the following situations shall be considered:
— there is no sufficient clearance (minimum 500 mm) around the climbing area, see 5.2.2.2;
— there is no sufficient clearance below the lift at the base enclosure, see 5.2.2.3;
— in case reduced height landing protection is used, see 5.2.4.4;
— there is no clearance above the carrier, see 5.2.2.4;
— when the carrier is passing a platform, which is not provided with full height protection, see 5.2.2.2.
When provided, top and bottom obstruction detection devices shall fulfil the following requirements:
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— if made of solid material (i.e. metal plate), be constructed so that the obstruction detection surface is
smooth, without sharp edges and without any protruding element that could cause pinch or shear
risks (i.e. shafts, bolt ends, etc.). Rounded bolt heads are not considered to cause such risks;
— it shall not create additional hazards (e.g. crushing between the obstruction detection device and the
carrier because of openings);
— it shall be designed to positive activate the detection switch or switches causing the lift to stop
moving (see Table 9). In case of hold-to-run the control shall be released in order to start a new run
after the obstacle has been removed. In case of automatic control a new command shall be given;
— it shall stop the carrier within a distance that will not cause the obstruction to be crashed by the
carrier or the obstruction detection device structure. In order to comply with this, the stopping
distance of the carrier and the possible over travel after stopping caused by the elasticity of the
suspension means shall be considered and proofed by testing or calculation;
— for top obstruction detection device, application of less or equal than 150 N load on any point of the
perimeter shall trigger the stop of the lift when an obstruction is detected;
— for bottom obstruction detection device, application of less or equal than 150 N load on any point of
the detecting surface shall trigger the stop of the lift when an obstruction is detected;
— the obstruction shall be able to be removed without the need of tools, disassembling any component
or lowering / lifting the carrier. The obstruction plate may be lowered or lifted further by simple
application of hand load to free the obstruction;
— for carrier moving inside the climbing area the top obstruction detection device shall cover the
projected area of the carrier;
— cover the whole projected area, except for guiding rollers or guides or systems interacting with fixed
parts along the tower path (i.e. position switches, power cable clamps, etc.);
— detect a sphere of diameter 150 mm obstruction in any position of the area of the obstruction
detection device;
— in case of power failure an acoustic or visual warning device shall be provided which operates when
the carrier is manually lowered. In case of ladder guided lifts were the ladder is also used for access
and egress of the wind tower the obstacle device shall be able to interrupt the release of the manual
brake when an obstacle is detected.
5.7.6 Emergency stopping devices
An emergency stopping device shall be provided for stopping the lift in case of a failure of the safety
measures already in place:
1) inside the base enclosure, when a bottom obstruction device is not provided;
2) inside the pit, if any;
3) on the carrier roof, if intended to be accessible;
4) at any control station from where a movement of the carrier can be initiated.
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Emergency stop device shall be designed in accordance with EN ISO 13850:2015 and shall have a stop
category 0.
5.7.7 Interlocking devices
5.7.7.1 Landing gate
5.7.7.1.1 General
For lifts where landing gates in accordance with 5.2.3 are provided it shall not be possible under normal
operating conditions:
— to open any landing gate unless the carrier floor is within the landing zone of ± 150 mm of that
landing;
— to start or keep in motion the carrier unless all landing gates are in a closed position.
It shall not be possible under operating conditions to start and keep in motion the carrier unless all
landing gates are in the closed position. The landing gates shall be locked when the carrier leaves the
landing zone.
When the carrier is stopped caused by opening the landing gate when leaving the landing zone, any
exposed gap between the carrier and the landing level shall be maximum 400 mm.
5.7.7.1.2 Interlocking type configurations
Depending on the liftway access according Table 8 and the liftway protection at landings one of
interlocking device types according the Table 10 shall be used.
Table 10 — Interlocking and lift configuration combinations
Reduced height landing

Full height landing protection
protection
Trapped key interlock Trapped key interlock
No access to liftway
Electrical interlock w/ locking Electrical interlock w/ locking
Liftway access Trapped key interlock Electrical interlock w/ locking
(safety clearance Electrical interlock w/ locking
zone 3) only during
evacuation or
rescue
5.7.7.1.3 Design
If electrical contacts are used for checking the closed position of the landing gate and the gate locking
devices, they shall be safety contacts, see 5.8.7.
All gate locking devices fitted to full height landing gates in accordance to 5.2.3.3, together with any
associated actuating mechanism and electrical contacts, shall be so situated or protected as to be
accessible only to competent persons from the landing.
All gate locking devices fitted to reduced height landing gates in accordance to 5.2.3.4 shall be so built
that their electric safety devices cannot be rendered inoperative without the use of tools.
All gate locking devices and fixings shall be capable of resisting a load of 1 kN at the level of the lock in
the opening direction of the gate.
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Gate locking devices shall be designed to permit maintenance. Mechanical parts which are not tolerant of
dust or water shall be protected to a minimum of IP 44 in accordance with the requirements in
EN 60529:19913.
The removal of any detachable cover shall not disturb any of the lock mechanism or the wiring. All
detachable covers shall be retained by captive fastenings.
The interlocking device shall be equipped with guard locking device in accordance with
EN ISO 14119:2013 (type 1 or 2) or a door locking device according to EN 81-20:2020, 5.3.9. The
mechanical part (e.g. bolt) which locks the interlocking guard shall be manually applied and manually
released (e.g. a trapped key system according EN ISO 14119:2013, B.2) or spring (or weights) applied
and power-ON released.
In the case of flap type gate locking devices the flaps shall overlap the gate leaves with the gates closed,
over the entire width, mechanical stability EN 81-50:2020¸ 5.2.3.2 applies.
5.7.7.1.4 Electrical interlocking with locking on landing protections
Electrical interlocking with locking function when used in combination with full height landing
protections, according to Table 10 shall:
— have a means to override the lock on the inside as well as on the outside;
— additional means to prevent movement from the carrier by means of:
— requiring a manual reset of the override function, or
— an e-stop on each landing.
5.7.7.1.5 Trapped key system
Trapped key systems used to unlock landing doors shall conform to EN ISO 14119:2013.
The key used shall only be possible to be released if the landing door is closed and locked. The key shall
be coded actuator and not easily replicated on site. The key shall be linked to the carrier by secure and
permanent means and only accessible from inside the carrier or from outside landing access.
To start the motion of the carrier shall only be allowed by means of a selector device or a habilitation
device according to EN ISO 14119:2013, or by mechanical means to prevent the carrier door to close
when the trapped key system is opened.
If mechanical means are used, it shall consist of a chain or other continuous link that connects the key to
the inside of the carrier. This chain or other link shall make impossible the closing and locking of the
carrier door while applying a load of 150 N in the closing direction. The chain assembly shall withstand a
1 kN pulling force. The connection of the chain to both the key and the inside of the carrier shall be fixed
or removable only by use of special tools.
5.7.7.2 Emergency trap door
The closed position of any emergency trapdoor shall be proved by a safety contact in conformity with
5.8.7. This device shall cause the lift to stop if the trap door is open. Restoring the lift to service shall only
be possible after deliberate closing of the trapdoor.
5.7.7.3 Carrier door
Each carrier door shall be provided with an interlocking device with guard locking. The opening of the
carrier door under normal operating conditions shall only be possible when the carrier is in the landing
zone. This device shall be protected against deliberate misuse.
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When the carrier door is self-closing and the door is unlocked manually for rescue and/or evacuation, the
lift shall not return to normal operation without manually resetting the door lock.
It shall not be possible under normal operating conditions to start or keep in motion the carrier unless
all carrier door(s) are closed. The carrier doors shall be locked before the carrier leaves from the landing
zone.
The locking shall be proved by an electric safety device in conformity with 5.8.7.
The interlocking device shall be equipped with guard locking device in accordance with
EN ISO 14119:2013 (type 1 or 2) or a door locking device according to EN 81-20:2020, 5.3.9. The
mechanical part (e.g. bolt) which locks the interlocking guard shall be spring (or weights) applied and
power-ON released.
The element of the electric safety device proving the locked condition of the door panel(s) shall be
positively operated without any intermediate mechanism by the locking element.
The locking action shall be effected and maintained by the action of gravity, permanent magnets, or
springs. The springs shall act by compression, be guided and of such dimensions that, at the moment of
unlocking, the coils are not compressed solid.
All door locking devices and fixings shall be capable of resisting a load of 1 kN at the level of the lock in
the opening direction of the door.
The removal of any detachable cover shall not disturb any of the lock mechanism or the wiring.
5.7.7.4 Monitoring the means for the minimum clearances beneath the carrier
The means according to 5.2.2.3 providing the minimum clearances beneath the carrier shall be monitored
by an interlocking device in stored position (e.g. mechanical movable prop) or in active position (e.g.
locking of an overspeed safety device).
5.7.8 Drive unit fault detection device for rack and pinion system with two redundant drive
units
A drive unit fault detection device shall be provided to prevent the movements and stop the carrier in the
event of a differential equal or greater of 25 % in the electrical current consumption between each drive
unit. The difference shall be detected within 2 s. In the case of the lift starting, it is allowed to stop the
comparison for no more than 1 s to avoid false signals.
The design and installation of the fault detection device shall take into account the need to test a fault in
one of the drive units without dismantling any part of the drive unit system.
Movement of the lift by means of the normal controls shall be automatically prevented when the drive
unit fault detection device is triggered.
The fault detection device shall be designed in such a way that the control system remains disabled until
the fault has been removed. Unintentional restarting of the fault detection device, e.g. by disconnecting
and reconnecting power supply, shall be prevented.
5.7.9 Control modes
5.7.9.1 Controls inside the carrier
The lift shall be controllable from inside the carrier. The controls inside the carrier shall have a higher
priority than any other control, except the emergency stop function.
All controls inside the carrier shall be either hold-to-run control mode or automatic control mode. When
using automatic control mode means shall be provided to stop automatically at a landing.
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NOTE Automatic control includes functions e.g. stopping at every landing, stopping at a designated landing or
stopping at the next landing.
All controls, except emergency stop, shall be designed in such a way that they can only be actuated by an
intentional manual action.
5.7.9.2 Controls outside the carrier
The lift may also be controllable from outside of the carrier, ground level and/or from the landings. All
controls outside the carrier shall be either hold-to-run control mode or automatic control mode.
The lift may be equipped with an automatic send function for material transport only. In this mode the
carrier shall drive in the defined travel direction until the defined travel limit is reached.
When automatic send function controls are located in the carrier, they shall be accessible only from
outside the carrier.
When the carrier is operated from outside the carrier, an acoustic signal of at least A-weighted sound
pressure level 85 dB(A) shall be given at least for 3 s prior to the movement of the carrier. The acoustic
signal shall sound on the carrier and be audible at a distance of 1 m from the carrier.
Any controls outside the carrier used for rescue shall not override any control and limiting devices
(see 5.7) of the lift.
5.7.9.3 Roof control
If a roof control is required by 5.5.4.2, following requirements apply:

— carrier control shall be provided with a selector mode inside the carrier that shall enable control
from the roof control station and at the same time disables control from any other control station;
— means shall be provided to ensure that the lift can’t move up or down while somebody is standing on
the roof of the carrier except when the control is switched to the roof control station;
— the roof control shall be a two-hand control type II in compliance with EN ISO 13851:2019.
When the lift is in the roof control mode, the following conditions shall be met:
— the roof control shall override the means preventing the movement of the lift when somebody is
standing on the roof;
— maximum speed of the carrier shall be limited to 0,4 m/s.
5.8 Electric installations and appliances

5.8.1 General
Electrical installations and appliances shall comply with EN 60204-1:2018.

Additionally, for the electronic parts, the ambient temperature for use as stated by the manufacturer,
shall be taken into account.
5.8.2 Protection against electric faults
5.8.2.1 Any one of the following faults envisaged in the electric equipment of a lift shall not, on its
own, be the cause of dangerous malfunction of the lift.
Faults envisaged:
a) absence and loss of voltage or phase;
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b) voltage drop;
c) insulation fault in relation to the metalwork or the earth;
d) short circuit or open circuit, change of value or function in an electrical component such as for
instance resistor, capacitor, transistor, lamp;
e) non-attraction or incomplete attraction of the moving armature of a contactor or relay;
f) non-separation of the moving armature of a contactor or relay;
g) non-opening of a contact;
h) non-closing of a contact.
5.8.2.2 The non-opening of a contact need not be considered in the case of safety contacts conforming
to the requirements of EN 60947-5-1:2017, Clause 3 (safety contact).
5.8.2.3 In the event of a phase reversal or failure of a phase it shall not be possible to start the lift,
and if travelling the brake shall be applied and the lift shall stop.
5.8.2.4 The control circuit shall be designed in order to avoid a dangerous situation resulting from
the lift motor acting as a generator.
An earth fault to the metalwork or an earth fault in a circuit in which there is an electric safety device
shall immediately stop the machine. The return to normal operation shall only be possible by a competent
person.
5.8.3 Protection against the effects of external influences
Any electrical apparatus shall be protected from the harmful or hazardous effects of external influences
and falling objects (e.g. rain, snow, mortar, dust). The degree of protection (see EN 60529:19913) shall be
at least IP 65 for portable control devices, IP 53 for control cabinets, switches and the electrical
components of the brake, and IP 44 for motors.
5.8.4 Electric wiring
All cables and wiring for the lift shall be located and installed to provide protection from mechanical
damage. Special attention shall be paid to electric cables which hang from the carrier with regard to cable
strength and the effects of climate.
Plug socket combinations shall comply with the requirements of EN 60204-1:2018, 13.4.5.
Connectors and devices of the plug-in type placed in the circuits of electric safety devices shall be so
designed that it shall not be possible to insert them in a position which leads to a dangerous situation.
Conductors and terminations shall be identified according to EN 60204-1:2018, 13.2.
A supply disconnecting device according to EN 60204-1:2018, 5.3 shall be provided.
5.8.5 Contactors, relay-contactors
The main contactors for AC or DC motors shall respectively belong to the utilization Category of at least
AC-3 or DC-3 in accordance with EN IEC 60947-4-1:2019.
Relay contactors used to operate the main contactors shall at least belong to utilization categories AC-15
for controlling AC electromagnets and DC-13 for controlling DC electromagnets in accordance with
EN 60947-5-1:2017.
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Both for the main and the relay contactors it may be assumed, that in the course of the measures taken
to comply with 5.8.2.1, that
a) if one of the break contacts (normally closed) is closed, all the make contacts are open and
b) if one of the make contacts (normally open) is closed, all the break contacts are open.
5.8.6 Electric safety devices
5.8.6.1 The electric safety devices and requirements are listed in Table 9.
5.8.6.2 No electric equipment shall be connected in parallel with an electric safety contact in normal
operation.
5.8.6.3 The components controlling the electric safety devices shall be built so that they are able to
function properly under the mechanical stresses resulting from continuous normal operation,
maintenance, and repair. It shall not be possible to render the electric safety devices inoperative by
simple means (a bridge piece is not considered a simple means).
5.8.6.4 Safety device switches shall be installed following the requirements of EN ISO 14119:2013.
5.8.7 Safety contacts
5.8.7.1 The operation of a safety contact shall be by positive activating and separation of the circuit-
breaking devices. This separation shall occur even if the contacts have welded together. The design of a
safety contact shall be such as to minimize the risk of a short-circuit resulting from component failure.
NOTE Positive opening is achieved when all the contact-breaking elements are brought to their open position
and when for a significant part of the travel there are no resilient members (e.g. springs) between the moving
contacts and the part of the actuator to which the actuating load is applied.
5.8.7.2 Safety contacts shall comply with EN 60947-5-1:2017, Clause 3 (safety contact).
5.8.7.3 The safety contacts shall fulfil category 0 and shall be provided for a rated insulation voltage
of at least 250 V.
The safety contacts shall be in accordance with categories AC-15 for AC circuits or DC-13 for DC circuits
as defined in EN 60947-5-1:2017.
5.8.8 Lighting
At all times when the lift is in service, lighting shall be provided in the carrier at the control devices and
any emergency instructions and at any access points to the carrier with the minimum of 50 lx.
There shall be an automatically rechargeable emergency supply. The emergency operation mode of the
lighting shall be capable to provide a minimum of 10 lx for minimum of 30 min when fully charged at the
rescue and evacuation means and instructions. This lighting shall come on automatically upon failure of
the normal lighting supply.
NOTE The emergency light source does not necessarily need to be located inside the carrier.
5.8.9 Verification
The verification of electrical equipment shall comply with EN 60204-1:2018, 18.1, items a) to f).
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5.9 Safety devices against falling of the lift

5.9.1 Overspeed safety device against falling of the lift (traction hoist drive)
5.9.1.1 An overspeed safety device shall be provided to prevent the lift from falling. An overspeed
safety device shall automatically engage in the event of an overspeed on lowering the lift.
5.9.1.2 The triggering speed of the overspeed safety device shall not exceed the lift nominal speed by
more than 0,4 m/s.
5.9.1.3 The sum of the loads defined in 5.1.1 and 5.7.4 shall not exceed the 1,25 × WLL of the
overspeed safety device.
5.9.1.4 Downwards movement of the carrier by means of the controls shall be automatically
prevented by an electric safety device in accordance with 5.8.6 at the latest when the overspeed safety
device is triggered.
5.9.1.5 The overspeed safety device shall be operational at all times, including erection and
dismantling.
5.9.1.6 The overspeed safety device shall mechanically detect an overspeed condition on the
suspension wire rope or on the safety wire rope.
5.9.1.7 The overspeed safety device shall act on the suspension wire rope or on the safety wire rope.
5.9.1.8 The overspeed safety device integrated in the carrier shall be designed to limit the dynamic
load coefficient Sd to a value that is not higher than 3.
5.9.1.9 The overspeed safety device shall be engaged mechanically.
5.9.1.10 The overspeed safety device shall be capable of being tested and reset. After the test the
overspeed safety device shall be immediately operational after resetting and it shall not require any
readjustment or replacement of parts.
5.9.1.11 The overspeed safety device shall be designed so it cannot be manually released under load.
The overspeed safety device shall permit the carrier to be lifted by the hoist.
5.9.1.12 Any tension weight being used where persons can stand below shall be secured with at least
two independent fixing means.
5.9.2 Fall arrest safety device against falling of the lift (traction hoist drive)
5.9.2.1 A fall arrest safety device shall be provided to prevent the lift from falling. A fall arrest safety
device shall automatically engage in the event of a failure of the suspension wire rope.
5.9.2.2 The fall arrest safety device shall be provided as a separate device or as a function of the
overspeed safety device according to 5.9.1.
5.9.2.3 The sum of the loads defined in 5.1.1 and 5.7.4 shall not exceed the 1,25 × WLL of the fall
arrest safety device.
5.9.2.4 Downwards movement of the carrier by means of the controls shall be automatically
prevented by an electric safety device in accordance with 5.8.6 at the latest when the fall arrest safety
device is triggered.
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5.9.2.5 The fall arrest safety device shall be operational at all times, including erection and
dismantling.
5.9.2.6 The fall arrest safety device integrated in the carrier shall be designed to limit the dynamic
load coefficient Sd to a value that is not higher than 3.
5.9.2.7 The fall arrest safety device shall mechanically detect a failure of the suspension wire rope.
5.9.2.8 The fall arrest safety device shall act on the safety wire rope.
5.9.2.9 The fall arrest safety device shall be engaged mechanically.
5.9.2.10 The fall arrest safety device shall be capable of being tested and reset. After the test the fall
arrest safety device shall be immediately operational after resetting and it shall not require any
readjustment or replacement of parts.
5.9.2.11 The fall arrest safety device shall be designed so it cannot be manually released under load.
However, when activated, a fall arrest device shall permit the carrier to be lifted by the hoist.
5.9.2.12 Any tension weight being used where persons can stand below shall be secured with at least
two independent fixing means.
5.9.3 Safety device against falling of the carrier (rack and pinion drive)
5.9.3.1 An overspeed safety device shall be provided to prevent the carrier from falling. Exception to
this is the use of a rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units in accordance with 5.6.5.3.
The overspeed safety device shall act on the guide rail or rack. It shall be able to stop and maintain
stopped the carrier with 1,3 times the rated load. The overspeed safety device shall be calculated
according to 5.1.3.2.
Overspeed safety device retardation with any load in the carrier up to the rated load shall be between
0,05 g and 1,0 g with no peak exceeding 2,5 g for more than 0,04 s.
5.9.3.2 The sum of the loads defined in 5.1.1 shall not exceed the WLL of the overspeed safety device.
5.9.3.3 The overspeed safety device shall be operational at all times, including erection and/or
dismantling of the lift and during resetting after being triggered.
5.9.3.4 Movement of the carrier by means of the normal controls shall be automatically prevented by
an electric safety device in accordance with 5.8.6 at the latest when the overspeed safety device is
triggered.
5.9.3.5 No regular drive component with the exception of the rack shall be used for the overspeed
safety device.
5.9.3.6 It shall be possible to control the tests of the overspeed safety device from an adequate safety
distance from the carrier.
5.9.3.7 The overspeed safety device shall be attached to the carrier frame and triggered directly by
the overspeed of the carrier.
5.9.3.8 If the overspeed safety device is adjustable, the final settings shall be sealed.
5.9.3.9 An overspeed safety device shall only be triggered mechanically.
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5.9.3.10 Under all conditions of loading excluding overload, when the safety device(s) operates, the
floor of the carrier shall not incline by more than 5 % from its normal position and shall recover without
permanent deformation.
5.9.3.11 The tripping speed of the overspeed safety device shall not exceed the lifts rated speed by
more than 0,4 m/s.
5.9.3.12 Provision shall be made to prevent the overspeed safety device from becoming inoperative
due to the accumulation of extraneous materials or to atmospheric conditions.
5.9.3.13 An overspeed safety device designed to grip more than one guide shall operate on all guides
simultaneously.
5.9.3.14 In overspeed safety devices where the braking action is achieved by means of springs, the
failure of any spring shall not lead to a dangerous malfunction of the overspeed safety device.
6 Verification
6.1 General
A lift shall be tested according to Annex A and shall consist of a drive unit and an overspeed safety device
(if applicable) which are tested according to Annex B and C. A.1, Landing gates and enclosure shall be
tested according to Annex D.
Table 11 indicates the methods by which the safety requirements and measures described in Clause 5
shall be verified for each new design or an existing design with significant changes, together with a
reference to the corresponding subclauses in this standard.
Table 11 — Means of verification of the safety requirements and/or measures
Subclause Safety requirements Visual Check/test/ Design

inspection a measurement b document
check c
5.1 Loads and calculations
5.1.1 Design loads and forces
5.1.1.1 General
5.1.1.2 Dead weights
5.1.1.3 Rated loads in the lift M
5.1.1.4 Effect of friction forces
5.1.1.5 Forces exerted by persons
5.1.1.5.1 General O O
5.1.1.5.2 Individual loads (not to be
O O
combined with other loads)
5.1.1.5.3 Loads caused by falling person O O
5.1.1.6 Wind loads for outside
operating lifts
5.1.1.6.1 Formulas for calculation of the
wind loads
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5.1.1.6.2 Lifts in service
5.1.1.6.3 Lifts out of service
5.1.1.7 Loads caused by snow or ice
5.1.1.8 Loads caused by temperature
variation
5.1.1.9 Loads caused by buffers
5.1.1.10 Seismic loads
5.1.2 Load combinations M
5.1.3 Calculation of static and fatigue
strength
5.1.3.1 Load-bearing structures M
5.1.3.1.1 Limit design stresses for steel
M
and aluminium structures
5.1.3.1.2 Checks against fatigue of
M
structures
5.1.3.1.3 Check of the carrier structure
during fall arrest safety device
M
activation (Load combination
C2)
5.1.3.2 Mechanisms M
5.1.3.2.1 Calculation against breaking M
5.1.3.2.2 Calculation against fatigue and
M
wear
5.1.3.2.2.1 Rack and pinion M
5.1.4 Calculation for the suspension
5.1.4.1 General M
5.1.4.2 Requirements for suspension
M
beams for traction hoist drives
5.1.5 Calculation for steel wire ropes
5.1.5.1 General M
5.1.5.2 Calculation of the force S in the
M
drive wire rope
5.1.5.2 Proof of fatigue strength of
M
drive wire ropes
5.1.6 Calculation methods
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5.2 Liftway protection, base
enclosure and landing access
5.2.1 General M
5.2.2 Liftway protection
5.2.2.1 General O O
5.2.2.2 Clearance around the carrier M
5.2.2.3 Clearances beneath the carrier M
5.2.2.4 Clearances above the carrier M
5.2.3 Liftway protection at landings
5.2.3.1 General requirements M
5.2.3.2 Vertical sliding gate M
5.2.3.3 Full height landing protection M
5.2.3.4 Reduced height landing
M
protection
5.3 Base frame M
5.4 Guiding systems and buffers O O
5.4.1 General O O
5.4.2 Rigid type guiding for traction
O O
hoist drives
5.4.3 Mast type guiding for rack and
O O
pinion drives
5.4.4 Rope type guiding for traction
O O
hoist drives
5.4.5 End limits of the movements O O
5.5 Carrier
5.5.1 General requirements M O O
5.5.2 Carrier floor O O
5.5.3 Carrier walls O O
5.5.4 Carrier roof
5.5.4.1 General M O O
5.5.4.2 Carrier roof used as working
O O
platform
5.5.5 Carrier door M O O
5.5.6 Trapdoor O O
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5.5.7 Inspection opening O O
5.6 Drive units
5.6.1 General M O O
5.6.2 No-power descent O O
5.6.3 Protection and accessibility O O
5.6.4 Traction hoist drive
5.6.4.1 General O O
5.6.4.2 Pulleys O O
5.6.4.3 Mechanical transmission O O
5.6.4.4 Wire rope guides O O
5.6.4.5 Service brakes O O
5.6.4.6 Prime mover O O
5.6.4.7 Traction force O O
5.6.4.8 Traction sheave grooving M
5.6.4.9 Wire ropes M
5.6.5 Rack and pinion drive
5.6.5.1 General O O
5.6.5.2 Design
5.6.5.2.1 Pinion M
5.6.5.2.2 Rack M
5.6.5.2.3 Load distribution O O
5.6.5.2.4 Modules M
5.6.5.2.5 Rack and pinion engagement M
5.6.5.3 Rack and pinion system with
O O
two redundant drive units
5.7 Control and limiting devices
5.7.1 General M
5.7.2 Travel limit switches
5.7.2.1 Lifting limit switch O O
5.7.2.2 Ultimate lifting limit switch O O
5.7.2.4 Ultimate lowering limit switch O O
5.7.2.5 Mast detection switch O O
5.7.2.3 Lowering limit switch O O
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5.7.3 Slack rope device O O
5.7.4 Overload detection device O O
5.7.5 Obstruction detection device O O
5.7.6 Emergency stopping devices O O
5.7.7 Interlocking devices
5.7.7.1 Landing gate
5.7.7.1.1 General O O
5.7.7.1.2 Interlocking type
O O
configurations
5.7.7.1.3 Design O O
5.7.7.1.4 Electrical interlocking with O O
locking on landing protections
5.7.7.1.5 Trapped key system O O
5.7.7.2 Emergency trap door M
5.7.7.3 Carrier door M O O
5.7.7.4 Monitoring the means for the
minimum clearances beneath M
the carrier
5.7.8 Drive unit fault detection
device for rack and pinion
M
system with two redundant
drive units
5.7.9 Control modes
5.7.9.1 Controls inside the carrier M
5.7.9.2 Controls outside the carrier M
5.7.9.3 Roof control O O
5.8 Electric installations and
appliances
5.8.1 General M
5.8.2 Protection against electric
faults
5.8.2.1 Protection against electric
M
faults
M
faults
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M
faults
M
faults
5.8.3 Protection against the effects
M
of external influences
5.8.4 Electric wiring O O
5.8.5 Contactors, relay-contactors O O
5.8.6 Electric safety devices
5.8.6.1 Electric safety devices
5.8.6.2 Electric safety devices O O
5.8.7 Safety contacts
5.8.7.1 Safety contacts O O
5.8.7.2 Safety contacts M
5.8.7.3 Safety contacts M
5.8.8 Lighting O O
5.8.9 Verification M
5.9 Safety devices against falling of
the lift
5.9.1 Overspeed safety device
against falling of the lift
(traction hoist drive)
5.9.1.1 Overspeed safety device
against falling of the lift O O
against falling of the lift M
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5.9.2 Fall arrest safety device against
falling of the lift (traction hoist
drive)
5.9.2.1 Fall arrest safety device against
falling of the lift (traction hoist O O
drive)
drive)
falling of the lift (traction hoist M
drive)
drive)
drive)
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drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
5.9.3 Safety device against falling of
the carrier (rack and pinion
drive)
5.9.3.1 Safety device against falling of
the carrier (rack and pinion M O O
drive)
the carrier (rack and pinion M
drive)
the carrier (rack and pinion O O
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
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drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
drive)
M Verification shall be carried out mandatory
O Verification may be carried out optionally (at least one of the selected shall be carried out)
a Visual inspection will be used to verify the features necessary for the requirement by visual examination of the supplied
components.
b A performance check/test will verify that the features provided perform their function in such a way that the requirement
is met. Measurement will verify by the use of instruments that requirements are met, to specified limits. Appropriate
measuring methods to be used together with applicable testing standards.
c Drawings/calculations will verify that the design characteristics of the provided components meet the requirements.
6.2 Verification tests on each lift before first use
Static and dynamic tests shall be performed to ensure that the lift has been correctly manufactured and
assembled in order to check that all the devices provided are present and operating correctly. These tests
may be carried out at the manufacturer's premises or those of his authorized representative or at the
place of use.
In particular the following shall be verified:
a) functional test of all limit switches and all controls over the full height of travel path with no load and
with rated load in the carrier;
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b) function of the overspeed safety device;
c) function of overload detection device;
d) function of brake system;
e) function of landing gate interlocking;
f) dynamic test with 1,1 times rated load;
g) static test with 1,25 times rated load;
h) electrical tests as specified in EN 60204-1:2018, 18.1, items a) to f).
All tests carried out shall be recorded.
7 Information for use

7.1 General
The information for use shall conform to EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.4.5, amended by following requirements.
The installation and maintenance instructions intended for use by specialized personnel mandated by
the manufacturer or his authorized representative may be supplied in an official Community language
understood by the specialized personnel.
7.2 User’s manual
The user's manual shall include information about the following where applicable:
a) information relating to the use of the lift, such as that related to or describing:
— general description of the lift;
— intended use;
— expected lifetime;
— information the need to read and understand the instructions;
— restrictions on the use (e.g. it is not allowed to transport persons with the use of the automatic
operation);
— reasonably foreseeable misuse and prohibited applications;
— information about hazards relating to working at height and the importance of following the
operating instructions;
— information about regular inspection and maintenance done by the user (e.g. daily inspection);
— information about environmental conditions: maximum wind speed, range of ambient temperature,
lightning, temperature, moisture, vibration, electromagnetic thertion;
— visual checking for obstructions along the liftway before using the lift;
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— advice about trapping/crushing hazards when the clearance between the carrier and tower or
landings is small;
— information about the residual risks that remain despite the inherent safe design measures,
safeguarding and complementary protective measures adopted;
— personal protective equipment needed to be used and the training that is required;
— information for emergency situations, such as the operating method to be followed in the event of
accident or breakdown (see also Annex E);
— information about the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used;
b) information relating to the lift itself, such as:
— technical description of the lift (maximum travelling height, parameters and date of the equipment);
— modes and means for stopping (especially emergency stop);
— usages, if any, taking into account variations of the original lift if appropriate;
— diagrams (especially schematic representation of safety functions);
— data on noise generated by the lift, with reference to the used measuring methods (including
measurement uncertainties);
— technical documentation of the electrical equipment (see EN 60204-1:2018).
In the case of lifts sharing the ladder access route, where the lift can block the ladder access route, the
rescue procedure of an unconscious person in the lift shall be described and be part of the user manual.
7.3 Information for installation and dismantling
Information relating to installation, commissioning and dismantling of the lift shall be provided, such as:
— assembly and disassembly conditions and requirements;
— fixing/anchoring requirements;
— maximum loads imposed by the suspension on the tower;
— permissible environmental conditions (for example, temperature, moisture, vibration,

electromagnetic radiation);
— instructions for connecting the machine to the power supply (particularly on protection against
electrical overloading);
— advice on waste removal/disposal;
— necessary tests and checks for verification by a competent person before use;
— information about the static and dynamic tests on the lift performed by the manufacturer or his
authorized representative.
Information relating to transport, handling and storage of the lift, such as:
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— storage conditions for the lift;
— dimensions, mass value(s), position of the centre(s) of gravity;
— indications for handling (for example, drawings indicating application points for lifting equipment).
7.4 Information for maintenance
Information for maintenance shall be provided, such as:

— the scope and frequency of maintenance;
— setting and adjustment;
— instructions relating to maintenance operations which require a definite technical knowledge or

particular skills and hence need to be carried out exclusively by skilled persons (for example,
maintenance staff, specialists);
— instructions relating to maintenance actions (replacement of parts, etc.) which do not require specific
skills and hence may be carried out by users of the lift. These instructions shall be separated from
instructions for skilled persons;
— instructions relating to special tools needed (e.g. portable light);
— drawings and diagrams enabling maintenance personnel to carry out their task rationally (especially
fault-finding tasks);
— fault identification and location, for repair and for restarting after an intervention;
— specification of the spare parts to be used;
— advice about checking that lift is correctly suspended;
— description of safety devices and their function.
7.5 User Information available in the carrier
Following information shall be provided in the carrier:

— a before use list (e.g. daily checks);
— special instructions for use of the lift (e.g. distribution and nature of the load);
— evacuation instructions, see Annex E.
7.6 User Information available at the bottom landing
Following information shall be provided at the bottom landing:

— special instructions for use of the lift (e.g. distribution and nature of the load);
— rescue and evacuation instructions, see Annex E.
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7.7 Marking
Markings shall comply with recognized standards (e.g. ISO 7000, for pictograms, symbols and colours in
particular).
See EN 60204-1:2018 as regards marking of electrical equipment. When the lift is designed for a known
specific loading, there shall be a sign or instruction on the lifts, clearly readable from the control
position(s), indicating the safe intended load (e.g. tools).
7.7.1 Markings in the carrier
Each lift shall be marked inside the carrier visibly, legibly and indelibly with the following information:
— full name and address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorized representative;
— designation of the machinery (e.g. lift);
— designation of series or type;
— year of construction (the year in which the manufacturing process is completed);
— serial number, if any;
— rated load [kg] and number of persons;
— rated speed [m/s];
— operation by competent persons only;
— usage of PFPE.
The minimum height of the characters to indicate the rated load and number of persons:
— 10 mm for capital letters and numbers;
— 7 mm for small letters.
7.7.2 Markings at landings
Bottom landing shall be marked with the following information:

— lift out-of-use environmental conditions (e.g. maximum wind speed, temperature);
— warning about the crushing hazard underneath the carrier;
— operation by competent persons only.
In case of reduced height landing gates warning shall be provided at all landings about moving lift parts.
7.7.3 Mast or guide section identification label for rack and pinion drive
Each individual mast or guide section shall be marked with an identification or serial number enabling
the date of manufacture to be determined. Racks shall be marked with a separate identification or serial
number when they are not permanently welded to the mast or guide.
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7.7.4 Ladder guiding identification label
Ladders, if used for climbing, shall be marked according to EN ISO 14122-4:2016, 7.2. The marking is only
required to be applied only one entry point.
7.7.5 Overspeed and fall arrest safety device label
Overspeed and fall arrest safety devices shall be marked with the following information:
— name and address of manufacturer;
— type designation;
— triggering speed;
— type of rope, if applicable (e.g. diameter, structure, strength);
— year of construction and serial number;
— validation date (if applicable).
7.7.6 Drive unit label
Drive unit shall be marked with the following information:

— name and address of manufacturer;
— type designation;
— year of construction and serial number.
7.7.7 Marking for wire ropes for traction hoist drive
Wire ropes for traction hoist drives shall be permanently marked (e.g. on ferrule or with label) with serial
and/or batch number.
7.7.8 Control elements
All control elements shall be clearly marked. The use of pictograms is recommended.
The direction of movement (or set fixed landing) shall be marked with pictograms or other easily
recognizable signs on, or alongside, all control buttons.
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Annex A
(normative)
Lift verification tests
A.1 General
The following tests shall be performed for each design of a lift, see 6.1.
All tests shall be performed in the worst-case configuration. If restrictions are given for installation
conditions then the verifications tests shall be made under those limiting restrictions (i.e. max distance
of guiding system, max weight, etc.).
The tests can be performed in a different order than described (best practical way) unless otherwise
stated in the test sections. The tests may require changes in the set-up of sub-systems / components (e.g.
overload detection device) unless otherwise stated in the test sections.
A.1.1 Test samples
The samples used in the tests in accordance with this Annex shall comply with the following, unless
otherwise specified:
— the test sample shall be representative to the finalized product as described in the technical file in
regard to:
— mechanical properties;
— physical dimensions and shape;
— materials;
— surface treatments if relevant for the performance;
— any deviations from the finalized product shall be described in the test records and reasoning shall
be provided;
— the tests shall be performed with complete, full size carriers unless otherwise stated.
A.1.2 Test environment
The test environment shall be free of anything that can influence the test results, if applicable, such as:
— heavy vibrations;
— loud noises;
— light pollution;
— temperature;
— humidity.
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A.1.3 Test instruments
The precision of the instruments shall allow, unless otherwise specified, measurements to be made
within the following accuracy:
a) ± 1 % for masses, forces, distances, speeds;
b) ± 2 % for accelerations, retardations;
c) ± 5 % for voltages, currents;
d) ± 5 °C for temperatures;
e) recording equipment shall be capable of detecting signals, which vary in time of 0,01 s.
Calibration information and records shall be available and be included into the test records.
A.1.4 Test records
For the tests required in this Annex, the testing facilities, test procedure, and test results shall be
documented in test records. The following information shall be provided:
a) date(s) of the test;
b) name and address of location(s) where tests were conducted (testing facilities);
c) name, position, and organization of the person(s) conducting, supervising, or witnessing the tests;
d) description of the apparatus and equipment used to perform the tests;
e) description of test environment (temperature, humidity, other conditions as applicable);
f) description and calibration information of test instruments used;
g) definition and description of the test samples, including drawings, part number, type designation, or
other identification;
h) description of the test procedure and acceptance criteria (pass/fail criteria);
i) observations noted during the test (as applicable);
j) test results, test data and curves;
k) conclusions indicating compliance with the acceptance criteria.
The test records shall be filed as a permanent record for future reference.
A.2 Lift verification test in as installed configuration

A.2.1 General
The following verification tests and measurements shall be performed in as installed condition. This
means that all relevant components on the carrier and outside the carrier (i.e. guiding system) shall be
installed and the lift is fully operational with no additional suspension means or supports.
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A.2.2 Lift speed
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) with a travel distance where it can move up and
down and reach its nominal speed.
The lift nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from travel distance and
time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times in each direction and the average speed is calculated.
The average measured speeds (up and down) shall not deviate more than 10 % from the nominal speed
stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the maximum allowed speed given in 1.1 e).
A.2.3 No-power descent speed
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) with a travel distance where it can move down
and reach its no-power descent nominal speed.
The lift no-power descent nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from
travel distance and time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times and the average speed is
calculated.
The average no-power descent measured speed shall not deviate more than 10 % from the no-power
descent nominal speed stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the no-power descent nominal
speed given in 5.6.2.
The no-power descent speed shall not cause tripping of overspeed safety device.
A.2.4 Lift static strength test
The lift is suspended and statically loaded with 1,5 times its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the
floor for 15 min.
The lift shall not move and no components on the carrier or outside the carrier shall fail or show visual
permanent deformation.
A.2.5 Lift dynamic strength test
The lift is suspended and statically loaded with 1,25 times its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the
floor. The lift performs 30 cycles, where a cycle consists of travelling at least 3 m up and 3 m down.
The lift shall not move when the lift brake is applied after the cycles are completed and the lift has stopped
and no components on the carrier or outside the carrier shall fail or show visual permanent deformation.
The maximum braking distance for the service brake of traction hoist drives (see 5.6.4.5) and the
maximum deceleration of 1,0 g for a brake system of rack and pinion drives (see 5.6.5) shall be verified.
A.2.6 Lift ultimate strength test
The lift is suspended and statically loaded with 3 times its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor
for 30 min. The brake shall be mechanically locked.
The lift or any load bearing components on the carrier or outside the carrier may show visual permanent
deformation but shall not fail.
A.2.7 Lift overload detection device test
1) The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor. The lift shall
be able to move up and down with no restrictions when pressing the up and down controls.
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2) The lift is then loaded with 1,25 times its rated load (mH) (variable dead weights depending on height
can be dismissed if type test travelling height is negligible, i.e. less than 10 m) evenly distributed on
the floor and positioned at the landing zone. The lift shall not be able to move outside the landing
zone and a warning sign shall be activated when pressing the up and down controls.
3) The lift is then loaded with 1,25 times its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor and
positioned outside the landing zone. The lift shall be able to move when activating the up and down
controls but shall not be able to move again after stopping at a landing zone or at the top landing
depending on the lift control system. A warning sign shall be activated.
4) The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor. The lift
starts moving up and a permanent force of 0,25 times its rated load (mH) is applied during movement
in between landings. The lift shall not stop due to overload.
A.2.8 Noise pressure level
The lift is suspended and statically loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor. The
lift moves up and down and noise pressure is measured at 1,5 m from the carrier floor once the lift has
reached its nominal speed.
The measured noise level shall not exceed more than 5 % from the maximum noise level stated by the
manufacturer.
A.2.9 Carrier lighting
The lift carrier is completely covered with opaque material or film preventing any light in the carrier from
the outside. The light is powered in normal mode and the light level is measured at the control devices.
The measured light level in normal mode at the control devices shall be at least 50 lx (see 5.8.8).
The lift carrier power supply is then removed and the emergency operation mode of the lighting is
activated. The light level is measured at the rescue and evacuation means and instructions immediately
after entering in emergency operation mode of the lighting and after 30 min.
The measured light level in emergency operation mode of the lighting at the rescue and evacuation means
and instructions shall be at least 10 lx (see 5.8.8).
A.2.10 Lift current measurement
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) and with the maximum height dependent load.
The travel distance shall allow the lift to reach its nominal speed.
The current after reaching the nominal speed in the up direction is measured. The measurements are
recorded at least 3 times and the average is calculated.
The average current in up direction shall not deviate more than 5 % of the nominal current stated by the
manufacturer.
A.2.11 Lift electrical system
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH). The height dependent components that can
have an impact on electrical measurements shall be installed on worst-case configuration (e.g.
considering the maximum power cable and control cable lengths, smallest cable cross section for such
configuration, maximum quantity of operating control panels, etc.).
The verification tests shall be performed and evaluated according to EN 60204-1:2018, 18.1, items a) to
f).
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A.2.12 Lift drop tests for traction hoist drives
A.2.12.1 Lift drop tests for fall arrest safety devices acting on the safety wire rope
The test rig shall be so constructed that its natural frequency of vibration in the vertical axis at the
anchorage point is not less than 100 Hz and so that the application of a force of five times the WLL of the
fall arrest safety device on the anchorage point does not cause a deflection greater than 1 mm.
The force measuring apparatus shall be capable of measuring forces from the WLL to at least five times
the WLL of the fall arrest safety device with an accuracy of ± 2 % and a frequency bandwidth of 1 000 Hz.
The test arrangement is given in Figure A.1.
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Key
1 overspeed safety device
2 carrier
3 horizontal distance between ropes
4 suspension point
5 traction wire rope
6 release device
7 safety wire rope
8 force measurement apparatus
9 weight 10 kg
10 suspension made of steel (no wire rope, spring or other material that has a damping effect)
11 carrier testing load
Figure A.1 — Test arrangement for lift drop tests for fall arrest safety devices acting on the
safety wire rope
The lift is suspended (m) and loaded with test load equal to rated load (mH) plus dead weights according
to the load case C2 in 5.1.1.2 depending on the overload detection device type.
The test procedure:
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a) Mark the safety wire rope at the point where the safety wire rope enters into the fall arrest safety
device to enable the drop distance to be measured.
b) Attach a weight of 10 kg to the lower end of the safety wire rope to ensure that it is not slack.
c) Execute drop test by releasing the load carrying wire rope from its suspension point. Ensure that this
occurs without any additional forces affecting the test results. Once released the test load should
accelerate down and then come to a complete stop once the over speed safety device catches the
safety wire rope.
d) Record the drop distance and the maximum dynamic tensile force I on the safety wire rope.
e) Repeat steps c) and d) three times consecutively.
Test results:
1) the lift and its guiding members shall withstand three falls without breaking. When lifts are guided
by the evacuation ladder, the ladder shall comply with EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Clause 6, after the test;
2) the shock load coefficient is calculated using the measured values:
Tm
Sd = (A.1)
St
where
Tm is the maximum dynamic tensile force;
St is the test load;
Sd shall be less or equal to 3 in each of the three tests.
3) the distance of the drop is less than 50 cm in each of the three tests.
It is allowed to reset or replace damping unit parts of the fall arrest safety device or the lift installation
between each consecutive test. However, the fall arrest safety device and the lift shall withstand without
failing three consecutive tests using the same components and without replacing or resetting any
damping part. Permanent deformation is allowed but failure of components is not.
A.2.12.2 Lift drop tests for overspeed safety device acting on the traction wire rope
The test rig shall be so constructed that its natural frequency of vibration in the vertical axis at the
anchorage point is not less than 100 Hz and so that the application of a force of five times the WLL of the
overspeed safety device on the anchorage point does not cause a deflection greater than 1 mm.
the WLL of the overspeed safety device with an accuracy of ± 2 % and a frequency bandwidth of 1 000 Hz.
The test arrangement is given in Figure A.2.
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Key
1 suspension point
4 service brake
6 carrier
7 carrier testing load
8 safety wire rope
9 weight 10 kg
Figure A.2 — Test arrangement for lift drop tests for overspeed safety device acting on the
traction wire rope
The lift is suspended (m) and loaded with test load equal to rated load (mH) plus dead weights according
to load case C2 in 5.1.1.2 depending on the overload detection device type.
The test procedure is following.
a) Mark the traction wire rope at the point where the traction wire rope enters into the fall arrest safety
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c) Execute drop test by disabling the service brake and no-power descent system. Ensure that this
occurs without any additional forces affecting the test results. Once released the carrier should
traction wire rope.
d) Record the drop distance and the maximum dynamic tensile force I on the traction wire rope.
Test results:
1) The lift and its guiding members shall withstand three falls without breaking; When lifts are guided
by the evacuation ladder, the ladder shall comply with EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Clause 6, after the test.
2) The shock load coefficient as measured by
Tm
Sd = (A.2)
St
where
Tm is the maximum dynamic tensile force;
St is the test load;
Sd shall be less or equal to 3 in each of the three tests.
3) The distance of the drop is less than 50 cm measured from the point where the overspeed is reached
in each of the three tests.
It is allowed to reset or replace damping unit parts of the overspeed safety device or the lift installation
between each consecutive test. However, the overspeed safety device and the lift shall withstand without
failing three consecutive tests using the same components and without replacing or resetting any
damping part. Permanent deformation is allowed but failure of components is not.
A.2.13 Overspeed safety device tests for rack and pinion drive lifts
A.2.13.1 General
The overspeed safety device and its compatible overspeed governor shall be tested in combination, using
the suspension and guiding system employed in normal service.
The manufacturer shall state for what mass (kg) and rated speed (m/s) the test is to be carried out. If the
overspeed safety device has to be certified for various masses and speeds, then these shall be specified.
A safety device in compliance with EN 81-20:2020 and EN 81-50:2020 is accepted provided that the tests
in accordance with A.2.13.2.1 are carried out.
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A.2.13.2 Test method
A.2.13.2.1 Test for overspeed safety device for rack and pinion
A representative combination of each type of overspeed safety device and compatible overspeed
governor shall be tested to apply stresses to all parts equivalent to those resulting from drop tests with
the total permissible mass. The test shall be carried out in free fall.
The tests shall be conducted at the governor tripping speed specified by the manufacturer.
The total number of repeated tests shall be not less than 20. At least there shall be:
a) 10 tests with the rated load, drive engaged;
b) 10 tests with empty car, drive engaged.
At the end of each one of these 10 sets of tests, the overspeed safety device shall be inspected and restored
to its normal operating condition, with necessary adjustments and replacements. Between each test the
friction parts shall be allowed to return to their normal temperature.
A.2.13.2.2 Direct or indirect measurements
Direct or indirect measurements shall be made of:

a) total height of the fall;
b) braking distance;
c) speed of tripping;
d) retardation as a function of time.
A.2.13.2.3 Acceptance criteria
The following shall be checked:

a) that retardation conforms with 5.9.3.1;
b) that the maximum speed of tripping conforms to 5.9.3.11;
c) that there are no cracks or permanent deformations;
d) max. inclination of the carrier floor meets the requirement in 5.9.3.10.
A.2.13.2.4 Test report
The test report shall include:

a) information according to A.1;
b) type and application of the overspeed safety device and overspeed governor;
c) type(s) and model(s);
d) limits of the permissible total masses for the overspeed safety device incl. inertia effects;
e) limits of the tripping speed for the overspeed governor.
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A.2.14 Overspeed safety function test for rack and pinion lifts with two redundant drive
units
A.2.14.1 General
The overspeed safety function shall be tested using the guiding system employed in normal service.
A.2.14.2 Test method
A.2.14.2.1 Test for overspeed safety function for rack and pinion lifts with two redundant drive
units
In this test a sudden loss of traction in one of the drives (i.e. brake open and motor without current) is
simulated while the lift is going downwards at a nominal speed.
The redundant drive shall stop the carrier.
The total number of tests to perform shall be not less than 20 for each drive unit. At least there shall be:
a) 10 tests with empty car;
b) 10 tests with rated load.
After the test the drive system shall perform according to 5.6.5.3.
A.2.14.3 Acceptance criteria

a) each brake on its own shall be capable of stopping the lift;
b) the failure of one driving unit is detected and power is removed from the other driving unit;
c) that there are no cracks or permanent deformations;
d) function of the brake of each of the redundant drive units according to 5.6.5.3.
A.2.15 Top obstruction device test
The lift is suspended unloaded and moves up at nominal speed. An obstruction specimen with a
cylindrical shape of diameter 150 mm is used to trigger the top obstruction device.
The lift shall stop when the top obstruction device is triggered by the obstruction specimen.
After lift is completely stopped, it shall be possible to remove the obstruction specimen by hand (the
obstruction specimen is not stuck between the lift and the structure) and the force exerted by the top
obstruction device to the obstruction specimen shall not exceed 150 N.
Tests shall be performed positioning the obstruction specimen so that it activates the obstruction device
approximately at the centre of each side and approximately at each corner of the top obstruction device
(i.e. on a rectangular shaped top obstruction device, 8 tests shall be performed).
If the top obstruction device forms the roof, the requirements of A.3.4 shall be fulfilled.
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A.2.16 Bottom obstruction device test
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) and moves down at nominal speed. An
obstruction specimen with a cylindrical shape of diameter 150 mm is used to trigger the bottom
obstruction device.
The lift shall stop when the bottom obstruction device is triggered by the obstruction specimen.
After lift is completely stopped, it shall be possible to remove the obstruction specimen by hand (the
obstruction specimen is not stuck between the lift and the structure) and the force exerted by the bottom
obstruction device to the obstruction specimen shall not exceed 150 N.
Tests shall be performed positioning the obstruction specimen so that it activates the bottom obstruction
device approximately at the centre of each side, approximately at each corner and approximately at the
centre of the bottom obstruction device (i.e. on a rectangular shaped bottom obstruction device, 9 tests
shall be performed).
A.2.17 Carrier door(s), trapdoor(s) and inspection cover(s) interlocking switches
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) with all the interlocked carrier door(s),
trapdoor(s) and inspection cover(s) closed.
Sequentially, each door, trap door or inspection cover is opened at a time while the lift is electrically
moving. The lift shall stop moving. It shall be verified that the lift does not start any movement while
actuating any control station in all control modes.
The following tests shall be performed for any carrier door interlocking device with guard locking.
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) and electrically moving outside the landing
zone. It shall not be possible to open any carrier door. The lift shall stop moving when activating the
evacuation mean of the carrier door interlock (e.g. button, key). It shall then be possible to open the
carrier door. Verify that the lift does not start any movement while actuating any control station in all
control modes while the carrier door is open and the evacuation mean of the carrier door interlock is
released.
The lift is inside the landing zone and starts moving with a closed carrier door with the evacuation mean
of the carrier door interlock activated. The lift shall stop as soon as the lift leaves the landing zone.
A.2.18 Limit switches
A.2.18.1 Lifting limit switch
The lift moves up at nominal speed. The lift shall stop when the lifting limit switch is activated. It shall not
be possible to move up while the lifting limit switch remains activated. It remains possible to move down.
A.2.18.2 Lowering limit switch
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) and moves down at nominal speed. The lift shall
stop when the lowering limit switch is activated. It shall not be possible to move down while the lifting
limit switch remains activated.
A.2.19 Ultimate limit switches
A.2.19.1 Ultimate lifting limit switch
The lift is suspended unloaded and moves up at nominal speed. The lifting limit switch is temporarily
disabled. The lift shall stop when the ultimate limit switch is activated. It shall not be possible to move up
or down while the ultimate limit switch remains activated.
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A.2.19.2 Ultimate lowering limit switch for rack and pinion lifts
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) and moves down at nominal speed. The lowering
limit switch is temporarily disabled. The lift shall stop when the ultimate limit switch is activated. It shall
not be possible to move up or down while the ultimate limit switch remains activated.
A.2.20 Emergency stops
The lift is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) in normal operation mode. The lift moves up or
down. The emergency stop button is pressed. The lift shall stop and it shall not be possible to move up or
down while the emergency stop button remains activated. After disengaging the emergency stop button
the lift shall not restart.
Repeat the testing sequence for each emergency stop button by pressing one at a time.
A.2.21 Anchor point test for personal fall protection equipment
At least one of the anchor points for personal fall protection equipment mounted on the carrier shall be
tested in accordance with EN 795:2012, 5.3.3 and 5.3.4. The tests are performed representing the
evacuation procedure conditions (e.g. with an evacuation door or trapdoor open and the test weight is
positioned to fall outside the carrier) with the lift suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH).
Test acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with EN 795:2012, 5.3.3 and 5.3.4. The carrier load bearing
components shall not fail.
A.3 Carrier verification test

A.3.1 General
Some of the carrier verification tests may be performed on as installed condition (i.e. wall strength test).
A.3.2 Carrier dead weight
The carrier without any load, wire ropes, power or control cables is weighted. The measured weight shall
not deviate by more than 5 % from the value stated by the manufacturer.
A.3.3 Wall (including inspection covers) strength test
The carrier is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor.
A 300 N load is sequentially applied to each wall at right angles at a height of 1 100 mm over a
100 mm × 100 mm surface using a rigid square or round flat face in the horizontal direction by pushing
or pulling gradually.
When applying the load to the wall the elastic deformation shall not exceed 30 mm.
The wall shall not fail or show visual permanent deformation.
A.3.4 Floor strength test
The carrier is suspended unloaded.

A 1,5 kN load is applied over a 200 mm × 200 mm surface at the most unfavourable position.
The floor shall not fail or show visual permanent deformation.
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A.3.5 Roof strength test
The carrier is suspended unloaded or placed on the floor.

A 1.2 kN load is applied over a 200 mm × 200 mm surface at the most unfavourable position.
The roof shall not fail or show visual permanent deformation.
In case the roof can be accessed, a 3 kN load is applied over a 1 m2 surface at the most unfavourable
position.
The roof shall not fail or show visual permanent deformation.
Additionally, a steel sphere of weight 0,7 kg and of diameter 75 mm ± 2 mm shall be dropped from a
height of 5 m from the carrier roof.
The steel sphere shall not penetrate the carrier.
If other components are installed above the roof (i.e. top obstruction device) the test shall be performed
with such components installed.
A.3.6 Door and trapdoor strength test
The carrier is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor.
A 300 N load is sequentially applied to each door or trapdoor (except trapdoors located at the floor or
roof) at right angles over a 5 cm2 surface using a rigid square or round flat face in the horizontal direction
by pushing or pulling gradually.
When applying the load to the door the elastic deformation shall not exceed 30 mm.
The door or trapdoor shall not fail or show visual permanent deformation, shall not be displaced from
their guides or tracks and shall remain operational after the test.
For trapdoors located on floor requirements of A.3.4 apply and for trapdoors located on roof
requirements of A.3.5 apply.
A.3.7 Door locking device test
The carrier is suspended and loaded with its rated load (mH) evenly distributed on the floor. The door is
closed and locked.
A 1 kN load is applied at the level of the lock in the opening direction of the door.
The door shall not fail and shall remain closed and operational after the test.
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Annex B
(normative)
Drive unit verification tests
B.1 General
The following tests shall be performed for each drive unit.
If a test in Annex B is fully covered by a test in Annex A, then this test does not need to be performed.
conditions, then the verifications tests shall be made under those limiting restrictions.
stated in the test sections. The tests can require changes in the set-up of sub-systems and/or components
(e.g. overload detection device) unless otherwise stated in the test sections.
The general provisions in Annex A for test samples (A.1.1), test environment (A.1.2), test instruments
(A.1.3) and test records (A.1.4) shall apply, unless otherwise specified in this annex.
B.2 Traction hoist drive

B.2.1 Static test
The static test coefficient is equal to 1,5 times its WLL.

The rope shall run free out of the traction hoist drive in all tests. No tail line tension shall be applied on
the rope.
The traction hoist drive shall be able to hold the test weight for 15 min. The weight shall hang freely.
The traction hoist drive shall not show any signs of the wire rope slipping or creeping through the traction
sheave. The wire rope should be lubricated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
The service brake shall hold the load without slipping or creeping.
No load-bearing component of the traction hoist drive shall fail, deform or weaken and the load shall be
held in position.
After the load is released the traction hoist drive shall operate in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
This test shall be performed one time before endurance test according to B.2.4. with a wire rope and
traction hoist drive in delivery conditions and one time after endurance test with the same traction hoist
drive and one of the wire ropes used in the endurance test according to B.2.4.
NOTE “Delivery condition” means as-new condition.
B.2.2 Dynamic test
the rope.
The traction hoist drive carrying 1,25 times its WLL shall lift and lower the load 30 cycles, where a cycle
consists of the wire rope passing through all wire rope related parts of a traction hoist drive, its pulleys
and if available its roller system in both directions.
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The service brake shall stop the descent of a traction hoist drive from the rated speed within 10 cm after
the brakes are applied and shall hold the load without slipping.
This test shall be performed one time before endurance test according to B.2.4. with a wire rope and
traction hoist drive in delivery conditions and one time after endurance test with the same traction hoist
drive and one of the wire ropes used in the endurance test according to B.2.4.
During all dynamic tests the traction hoist drive shall not show any signs of the wire rope slipping or
creeping through the traction sheave. The wire rope should be lubricated in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions.
B.2.3 Strength test
A traction hoist drive shall be statically loaded with 4 times its WLL for 15 min.
This test shall be carried out in such a way that no slippage of the wire rope in the traction system occurs
and with the motor mechanically locked.
Brakes shall be disengaged.
Load-bearing component of the traction hoist drive shall not fail and the load shall be held in position.
After the above tests the traction sheave shall be rotated through 90° and the test shall be repeated until
the traction sheave has been rotated 360°.
B.2.4 Endurance test
the rope.
The traction hoist drive shall operate with 1,0 times its WLL for the amount of lifetime operating hours
(see 5.1.3.2.2) as specified by the manufacturer during which a minimum of 30 000 cycles shall be
completed, where one cycle consists of lifting and lowering over a minimum vertical distance, where a
wire rope passes through all wire rope related parts of a traction hoist drive, its pulleys and if available
its roller system.
It is acceptable to replace the wire rope every 1 000 cycles.
During this test the brake may be adjusted but should not be repaired.
The rate of cycles shall be adjusted to prevent overheating of the motor.
When the cycles are completed the traction hoist drive shall be inspected. There shall be no signs of
breakage or malfunction. Each wire rope used in the testing procedure shall be inspected in accordance
with B.2.9.
B.2.5 Traction hoist drive lifting load limit test
The motor of a traction hoist drive shall be tested

— whether it is stalled at a load less than 2,5 times its WLL of the drive unit;
— whether it is prevented from lifting a load greater than 2,5 times its WLL by an additional safety
device (additional to the overload device) such as a current overload device, thermal overload device
or torque limiting device.
When carrying out the test the following conditions shall apply:
— nominal voltage of the motor;
— normal ambient temperature;
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— motor at normal working temperature;
— any additional safety device is in operation (current overload device, thermal overload device or
torque limiting device).
B.2.6 Wire rope test
All wire ropes used to carry out the endurance test in B.2.4 shall be tested. The following requirements
shall be fulfilled:
— the ropes shall show only 10 visible wire breaks on a length of 30 × d;
— the ropes shall not show bird-caging or breakage of any wire rope strands;
— the ropes shall be within discard criteria of the rope manufacturer.
After being subjected to the endurance test (B.2.4) the wire ropes and their terminations shall not break
when pulled with a force equal to 6 times the WLL of the traction hoist drive.
B.2.7 Traction hoist drive current measurement
The traction hoist drive shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move
up and down and reach its nominal speed.
The current after reaching the nominal speed in both up and down direction is measured. The
measurements are recorded at least 3 times in each direction and the average is calculated.
The average measured current (up and down) shall not deviate more than 5 % from the nominal current
stated by the manufacturer.
This test shall be done before and after endurance test (B.2.4).
B.2.8 Traction hoist drive speed
up and down and reach its nominal speed.
The traction hoist drive nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from
travel distance and time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times in each direction and the average
speed is calculated.
This test shall be done before and after endurance test (B.2.4).
B.2.9 No-power descent speed
down and reach its no-power descent nominal speed.
The traction hoist drive no-power descent nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or
calculated from travel distance and time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times and the average
speed is calculated.
The average no-power descent measured speed shall not deviate more than 10 % from the no-power
descent nominal speed stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the no-power descent nominal
speed given in 5.6.2.
This test shall be done before and after the endurance test (B.2.4).
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B.3 Rack and pinion drive (One drive system)

B.3.1 Static test
The drive shall be loaded with 1,5 times its WLL.

The brake(s) shall be able to hold this static load for 15 min without slipping or creeping.
No load-bearing component of the drive shall fail, deform or weaken and the load shall be held in position.
After the load is released, the drive shall operate in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
B.3.2 Dynamic test
The brake on its own shall be capable of stopping 1,25 times its WLL when travelling downward at rated
speed. In these conditions, the average retardation of the lift shall not exceed that resulting from
operation of the safety device or stopping on the buffer.
It shall be verified that braking distance of brake system is within specified limits by manufacturer at
rated load.
B.3.3 Strength test
A rack and pinion drive shall be statically loaded with 3 times its WLL for 30 min.
This test shall be arranged with motor or brake mechanically locked. The load shall be attached in such a
way that the strength of the load carrying parts in the drive unit is tested.
During the test load bearing components of the machinery shall not fail and the load shall be held in
position.
The drive unit and the overspeed safety device for rack and pinion drive shall operate with 1,0 times the
WLL of the drive unit for the amount of lifetime operating hours (see 5.1.3.2.2) as specified by the
manufacturer during which a minimum of 30 000 cycles shall be completed.
NOTE One cycle consists of lifting and lowering a minimum vertical distance of at least the distance needed to
reach the nominal speed starting from a static situation.
During the test period shall the electro-mechanical brake be used as a dynamic brake.
It is acceptable to lubricate the rack during test.
It is acceptable to replace the rack every 6 000 cycles.
It is not acceptable to replace either the pinion, brake or safety device during the test period.
The electro-mechanical brake can be adjusted but should not be repaired.
After the endurance test a drop test with 1,0 times WLL of the drive unit shall be carried out.
Following checks shall be carried out for the drive unit:
a) the electro-mechanical brake shall be functional and not worn out. Maximum air gap shall be checked
and be within manufacturers limits;
b) the wear of the pinion shall be checked and be within manufacturers limits;
c) the wear of the rack shall be checked and be within manufacturers limits;
d) the wear of the counter roller shall be checked and be within manufacturers limits;
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e) the total wear shall not cause any lack of rack and pinion engagement (see 5.6.5.2.5);
f) the fastening of the rack is securely attached.
The following checks shall be carried out for the overspeed safety device:
g) braking distance shall be checked and be within manufacturers limits;
h) inspection of racks and pinion that there are no cracks or deformation.
B.3.5 Lifting load limit test
The motor of a rack and pinion drive shall be tested

— whether it is stalled at a load less than 2,5 times the WLL of the drive unit;
— whether it is prevented from lifting a load greater than 2,5 times the WLL by an additional safety
B.3.6 Current measurement
The drive unit shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move up and
The current after reaching the nominal speed in both up and down direction shall be measured. The
This test shall be done before and after the endurance test.
B.3.7 Speed measurement
The drive unit shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move up and
The nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from travel distance and time.
The measurement is recorded at least 3 times in each direction and the average speed is calculated.
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The drive unit shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move down and
reach its no-power descent nominal speed.
No-power descent speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from travel distance
and time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times and the average speed is calculated.
The average no-power descent speed shall not deviate more than 10 % from the no-power descent
nominal speed stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the no-power descent nominal speed
given 5.6.2.
B.4 Rack and pinion system with two redundant drive units
B.4.1 Static test
The test shall be carried out for each drive unit separately.
The drive shall be loaded with 1,5 times its WLL.
The brake of each drive shall be able to hold this static load for 15 min without slipping or creeping.
Any load-bearing component of the drive shall not fail, deform or weaken and the load shall be held in
position.
After the load is released, the drive should operate in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
This test shall be done before and after endurance test.
B.4.2 Dynamic test
This test shall be carried out with only one service brake in operation each time, testing both service
brakes.
The brake on its own shall be capable of stopping 1,25 times its WLL when travelling downward at rated
speed.
B.4.3 Testing of the drive unit fault system device
Means shall be provided to simulate the failure of one of the drive units in the event of a differential equal
or greater of 25 % in the electrical current consumption between each drive.
The failure shall be detected and the power removed in less than 2 s.
B.4.4 Strength test
Each drive shall be statically loaded with 3 times its WLL for 30 min.
The load shall be attached in such a way that the strength of the load carrying parts in the drive unit is
tested.
During the test load bearing components of the machinery shall not fail and the load shall be held in
position.
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The test shall be performed for the lift in the range with highest total weight and moments of inertia for
the machinery considered.
The drive unit (two redundant drive unit system) shall operate with 1,0 times its WLL for the amount of
lifetime operating hours (see 5.1.3.2.2) as specified by the manufacturer during which a minimum of
30 000 cycles shall be completed.
During the test period the electro-mechanical brake shall be used as a dynamic brake.
It is acceptable to lubricate the rack during test.
It is acceptable to replace the rack every 6 000 cycles.
It is not acceptable to replace either the pinion, brake or safety device during the test period.
The rate of cycles shall be adjusted to prevent overheating of motors.
The electro-mechanical brake can be adjusted but should not be repaired.
NOTE One cycle consists of lifting and lowering a minimum vertical distance of at least the distance needed to
reach the nominal speed starting from a static situation.
Following checks shall be carried out:

a) the electro-mechanical brake shall be functional and not worn out. Maximum air gap shall be checked
and be within the manufacturer’s limits;
b) the wear of the pinion shall be checked and be within the manufacturer’s limits;
c) the wear of each rack used shall be checked and be within the manufacturer’s limits;
d) the wear of the counter roller shall be checked and be within the manufacturer’s limits;
e) the total wear shall not cause any lack of rack and pinion engagement (see 5.6.5.2.5);
f) the fastening of the rack is securely attached.
B.4.6 Lifting load limit test
The motor of a rack and pinion drive shall be tested

— whether it is stalled at a load less than 2,5 times the WLL of the drive unit;
— whether it is prevented from lifting a load greater than 2,5 times the WLL by an additional safety
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B.4.7 Current measurement
Drive units shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move up and down
and reach its nominal speed.
The current after reaching the nominal speed in both up and down direction is measured. The
This test shall be done before and after endurance test.
B.4.8 Speed measurement
Drive units shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move up and down
and reach its nominal speed.
The nominal speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from travel distance and time.
The measurement is recorded at least 3 times in each direction and the average speed is calculated.
stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the maximum allowed speed in 1.1 e).
Drive units shall be loaded with 1,0 times its WLL with a travel distance where it can move down and
reach its no-power descent nominal speed.
No-power descent speed is measured either by direct measurement or calculated from travel distance
and time. The measurement is recorded at least 3 times and the average speed is calculated.
The average no-power descent speed shall not deviate more than 10 % from the no-power descent
nominal speed stated by the manufacturer and shall not exceed the no-power descent nominal speed
given in 5.6.2.
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Annex C
(normative)
Overspeed safety device and fall arrest safety device verification tests
C.1 General
The following tests shall be performed for each overspeed safety device and fall arrest safety device.
If a test in Annex C is fully covered by a test in Annex A, then this test does not need to be performed.
conditions, then the verifications tests shall be made under those limiting restrictions.
stated in the test sections. The tests may require changes in the set-up of sub-systems / components (e.g.
overload detection device) unless otherwise stated in the test sections.
(A.1.3) and test records (A.1.4) shall apply, unless otherwise specified in this annex.
C.2 Overspeed safety devices and fall arrest safety devices for traction hoist
drives
C.2.1 Testing the operation of the fall arrest safety device acting on the safety wire rope
C.2.1.1 General
The sudden stop experienced by the lift caused by action of the fall arrest safety device will cause the
safety wire rope and the total load carrying system to be subjected to dynamic forces. The maximum
dynamic tensile force I on the safety wire rope is expressed as:
Tm = Sd × WLL (C.1)
where
WLL is working load limit of the drive unit or the working load limit of the fall arrest
safety device if separate;
Sd is shock load coefficient.
If the fall arrest safety device is part of the lift the test shall be carried out with the fall arrest safety device
built into the total system (see Annex A).
If the fall arrest safety device is supplied as a separate unit the test shall be carried out in a test rig. This
test rig shall be so constructed that its natural frequency of vibration in the vertical axis at the anchorage
point is not less than 100 Hz and so that the application of a force of five times the WLL on the anchorage
point does not cause a deflection greater than 1 mm.
The test arrangement for the fall arrest safety device is given in the Figure C.1.
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Key
3 safety wire rope
4 fall arrest safety device
5 suspension point
6 release device
7 wire rope
8 testing load
9 weight 10 kg
Figure C.1 — Typical test arrangement for fall arrest safety device
The length of the wire rope above the fall arrest safety device shall be limited to a maximum of 30 cm.
The distance between the two wire ropes (3) shall be fixed by the design or specified by the manufacturer.
The test load applied shall be the WLL.
C.2.1.2 Force measurement apparatus
the WLL of the traction hoist drive with an accuracy of ± 2 % and a frequency bandwidth of 1 000 Hz.
C.2.1.3 Test procedure
a) Mark the safety wire rope at the point where the safety wire rope enters into the fall arrest safety
b) Attach a weight of 10 kg to the lower end of the safety rope to ensure that it is not slack.
c) Execute drop test by releasing the load carrying wire rope from its suspension point. Ensure that this
occurs without any additional forces affecting the test results. Once released the test load should
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accelerate down and then come to a complete stop once the fall arrest safety device catches the safety
wire rope.
d) Record the drop distance and the maximum dynamic tensile force on the safety wire rope.
f) Execute an additional drop test with 1,25 × WLL.
C.2.1.4 Test results
A fall arrest safety device tested as a separate unit on a test rig as shown in Figure C.1 shall conform to
the following requirements:
1) the fall arrest safety device and the wire rope shall withstand three falls without breaking;
2) the shock load coefficient given by the formula in C.2.1.1 shall be less than 5 (five) in each of the three
tests (except for C.2.1.3, f);
3) the distance of the drop shall be less than 50 cm in each of the three tests.
C.2.2 Testing the operation of the overspeed safety device acting on the traction wire
rope
C.2.2.1 General
The sudden stop experienced by the lift caused by action of the overspeed safety device will cause the
traction wire rope and the total load carrying system to be subjected to dynamic forces. The maximum
dynamic tensile force I on the traction wire rope is expressed as:
Tm = Sd × WLL (C.2)
where
WLL is working load limit of the drive unit or the working
load limit of the overspeed safety device if separate;
Sd is shock load coefficient.
If the overspeed safety device is part of the lift the test shall be carried out with the overspeed safety
device built into the total system (see Annex A).
If the overspeed safety device is supplied as a separate unit the test shall be carried out in a test rig. The
test rig shall be so constructed that its natural frequency of vibration in the vertical axis at the anchorage
point is not less than 100 Hz and so that the application of a force of five times the WLL on the anchorage
point does not cause a deflection greater than 1 mm.
The test arrangement is given in the Figure C.2.
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Key
5 suspension point
6 release device
7 wire rope
8 testing load
9 weight 10 kg
Figure C.2 — Typical test arrangement for fall arrest safety device acting on the traction wire
rope
The length of the wire rope above the overspeed safety device shall be limited to a maximum of 30 cm.
The distance between the two wire ropes (3) shall be fixed by the design or specified by the manufacturer.
The test load applied shall be the WLL.
C.2.2.2 Force measurement apparatus
the WLL of the traction hoist drive with an accuracy of ± 2 % and a frequency bandwidth of 1 000 Hz.
C.2.2.3 Test procedure
The test procedure shall be following.

a) Mark the traction wire rope at the point where the traction wire rope enters into the fall arrest safety
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c) Execute drop test by disabling the service brake and no-power descent system. Ensure that this
occurs without any additional forces affecting the test results. Once released the carrier should
traction wire rope.
d) Record the drop distance and the maximum dynamic tensile force I on the traction wire rope.
f) Execute an additional drop test with 1,25 × WLL.
C.2.2.4 Test results
An overspeed safety device tested as a separate unit on a test rig as shown in Figure C.2 shall conform to
the following requirements:
1) the overspeed safety device and the wire rope shall withstand three falls without breaking;
2) the shock load coefficient given by the equation in C.2.2 shall be less than 5 (five) in each of the three
tests (except for C.2.2.3, f);
3) the distance of the drop shall be less than 50 cm in each of the three tests.
C.2.3 Endurance test for overspeed safety devices acting on the safety wire rope and
acting on the traction wire rope
C.2.3.1 Normal operation test
The following verification tests shall be performed in as installed condition stated by manufacturer.
When carrying out these tests the following testing conditions shall apply:
— overspeed safety device at normal working temperature;
— wire rope can be periodically replaced if needed (e.g. every 1 000 cycles, where a cycle consists of
the wire rope passing through all wire rope related parts of the overspeed safety device, its pulleys
and if available its roller system in both directions);
— the test load shall be 0,5 × WLL;
— number of test samples shall be 7;
— endurance testing hours shall be equal to 2 times the device declared lifetime by the manufacturer,
e.g. 500 endurance testing hours for a declared lifetime of 250 h.
The overspeed safety device is mounted on the test bench where the wire rope passes through the
overspeed safety device until the total testing hours are completed. The wire rope speed when passing
through the overspeed safety device shall be equal or higher than nominal speed but lower that its
triggering speed.
During the endurance test, the triggering speed and the activation of the overspeed safety device shall be
periodically checked at regular intervals and recorded at least 5 times every 100 h for each test sample.
To check the triggering speed value and activation of each overspeed safety device sample, the test load
shall be accelerated until the overspeed safety device is triggered.
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The measured triggering speed values after every check shall be displayed (e.g. electronic or data
acquisition software display) and recorded as part of the test report. The overspeed safety device shall
activate and hold the test load. The average of the measured triggering speed values of the last
3 consecutive samples shall not deviate by more than 5 % of the nominal triggering speed declared by
the manufacturer and shall be less than the maximum triggering speed requirement in 5.9.1.2.
C.2.3.2 Extreme operation test
The following verification tests shall be performed in as installed condition stated by manufacturer.
When carrying out these tests the following conditions shall apply:
— overspeed safety device at normal working temperature;
— the test load applied shall be 1 × WLL;
— number of test samples shall be 1.
The extreme operation test consists of the following steps:

1) the test sample undergoes an accelerated corrosion test (e.g. a salt spray test as per
EN ISO 9227:2017 for 72 h);
2) the overspeed safety device is mounted on the test bench and perform 90 cycles where a cycle
consists of the wire rope passing through all wire rope related parts of the overspeed safety device,
its pulleys and if available its roller system in both directions;
3) the triggering speed value and activation of the overspeed safety device test sample are checked
every 30 cycles by accelerating the test load until the overspeed safety device is triggered.
The measured triggering speed values after every check shall be displayed (e.g. electronic or data
acquisition software display) and recorded as part of the test report. The following conditions shall be
fulfilled:
— the overspeed safety device shall activate and hold the test load;
— the average of the measured triggering speed values of the 3 checks shall not deviate by more than
5 % of the nominal triggering speed declared by the manufacturer and shall be less than the
maximum triggering speed requirement in 5.9.1.2.
After the extreme operation test is completed, a drop test according to C.2.1.1 or C.2.1.2 shall be
performed.
C.3 Overspeed safety device for rack and pinion drive

C.3.1 General
The overspeed safety device and its compatible overspeed governor shall be tested in combination, using
the suspension and guiding system employed in normal service.
The manufacturer shall state for what mass (kg) and rated speed (m/s) the test is to be carried out. If the
overspeed safety device has to be certified for various masses and speeds then these shall be specified.
A safety device in accordance with EN 81-20:2020 and EN 81-50:2020 is accepted, if tests according to
C.2.2.1 are done.
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C.3.2 Method of test
C.3.2.1 Test for overspeed safety device for rack and pinion:
A representative combination of each type of overspeed safety device and compatible overspeed
governor shall be tested to apply stresses to all parts equivalent to those resulting from drop tests with
the total permissible mass. The test shall be carried out in free fall.
The tests shall be conducted at the governor tripping speed specified by the manufacturer.
The total number of repeated tests shall be not less than 20. At least there shall be:
a) 10 tests with WLL, drive engaged;
b) 10 tests with empty car, drive engaged.
At the end of each one of these 10 sets of tests, the overspeed safety device shall be inspected and restored
to its normal operating condition, with necessary adjustments and replacements. Between each test the
friction parts shall be allowed to return to their normal temperature.
C.3.2.2 Direct or indirect measurements
Direct or indirect measurements shall be made of:

a) total height of the fall;
b) braking distance;
c) speed of tripping;
d) retardation as a function of time.
C.3.2.3 Acceptance criteria

a) that retardation conforms with 5.9.1.4;
b) that the maximum speed of tripping conforms to 5.9.3;
c) that there are no cracks or permanent deformations.
C.3.2.4 Test report
The report shall indicate:

a) information according to C.1;
b) type and application of the overspeed safety device and overspeed governor;
c) type(s) and model(s);
d) limits of the permissible total masses for the overspeed safety device incl. inertia effects;
e) limits of the tripping speed for the overspeed governor.
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C.3.3 Endurance test
An endurance test of an overspeed safety device for rack and pinion drive shall be performed in
accordance to the test procedure and requirements of B.3.4.
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Annex D
(normative)
Other verification tests
D.1 General
(A.1.3) and test records (A.1.4) shall apply, unless otherwise specified in Annex D.
D.2 Landing gate and enclosure verification tests

D.2.1 Full height landing gate
The full height landing gates, when in the locked position and when a force of 300 N is applied at right
angles to the gate at any point on either face, the force being applied using a rigid square or round flat
face of 5 cm2, shall:
a) resist the force without permanent deformation;
b) resist the force without elastic deformation greater than 15 mm;
c) function correctly after the test.
When a force of 600 N is applied at right angles to the gate at any point on either face, the force being
applied using a rigid square or round flat face of 50 cm2, it may fail the above criteria but shall remain
secure and continue to provide landing protection.
D.2.2 Reduced height landing gate
The following forces shall be applied separately when the reduced height landing gate is in the locked
position:
a) a force of 1 kN vertically applied at any point along the top of the gate and afterwards;
b) a force of 300 N horizontally applied at any point along the top bar, the intermediate bar or the toe
board.
The reduced height landing gate shall resist the forces without permanent deformation and function
correctly after the test.
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Annex E
(informative)
Evacuation
E.1 Introduction
E.1.1 Evacuation procedure
A procedure shall be written by the lift manufacturer considering the available means in the wind turbine
and/or provided in the lift in order to leave in safe condition the carrier.
The evacuation procedure of the lift should be considered by the wind turbine manufacturer.
E.1.2 Rescue procedure
Lift manufacturer shall describe a rescue procedure allowing a user to be rescued from the carrier in case
the user loses conscience while using the lift considering the available means in the wind turbine and/or
provided in the carrier.
The rescue procedure of the lift should be considered by the wind turbine manufacturer.
E.2 Evacuation scenario

The first means of evacuation in case the lift becomes non-operational (e.g. power failure, control failure)
shall always be by lowering the carrier by performing a no-power descent to the next landing platform
or to the bottom landing platform. In order to perform a no-power descent, the lift shall have a manually
operated system according to 5.6.2.
In case lowering the carrier by a no-power descent is not possible (e.g. jam or failure on the traction hoist
drive, rack and pinion drive, triggering of overspeed safety device or fall arrest device), users shall be
able to evacuate the carrier at any position of the travel path. Means used in the carrier evacuation
procedure may include at least one or a combination of the following to make evacuation safe:
— a fixed vertical climbing ladder including a fall protection system along the complete liftway;
— an emergency response equipment (emergency descender) permanently installed or stored in the

wind turbine;
— anchor points for PFPE available in the carrier;
— anchor points for PFPE available on the vertical ladder or vertical ladder designed to be used as
anchor point.
Exceptional events such as e.g. hurricane, tsunami, earthquake, fire, etc., are not covered by this annex.
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Annex F
(informative)
Outdoor use and operation at low temperature
F.1Low temperature
As to lifts for use at low temperatures the choice of materials and components shall be made:
1) according to classification/information of temperature range guaranteed by material or component
manufacturer;
2) testing materials or components for the temperature they are designed to be used.
In design, attention has to be drawn to the following:

— suitability of materials for load-bearing components, e.g.:
— adequate impact toughness according to EN 13001-3-1 for steel;
— suitability of the welding process;
— suitability of lubricants;
— icing of the motors, brakes and switchgear;
— icing of pulleys, ropes and guiding elements;
— tendency of the seal material to become brittle;
— tendency of the plastics to become brittle;
— suitability of ropes;
— test of the complete hoist mechanism under the specified operating conditions;
— suitability of electrical equipment and electrical/electromechanical safety components, e.g.:
— tested under the specified operating conditions;
— for components not suitable for operation in low temperatures, enclosures equipped with
heaters;
— components shall stay in good condition without heater in repository location
— special lubricate used in push buttons and switch gears;
— controls designed for use with gloves;
— suitable lighting, for example:
— LED-light;
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— tendency of the cables and insulation to become brittle.
F.2Atmosphere
As to lifts for use at demanding atmosphere (high humidity, humidity combined with low temperature,
salt exposure e.g. in offshore atmosphere) attention has to be drawn to the following:
— corrosion as a result of dew forming;
— weakening of non-metallic materials due to wear, corrosion, creep or UV-radiation (e.g. plastic
elements in couplings, fastenings, rubber dampeners);
— suitability of electrical equipment and electrical/electromechanical safety components;
— classified for external influences according to IEC 60364-5-51 with a minimum level according to
5.8.3;
— protection against moisture e.g. with heater;
— penetration of snow, ice and rain inside the carrier.
F.3Loads
Wind loads shall be calculated according to 5.1.1.6 and Table 3.
Snow and ice loads shall be calculated according to 5.1.1.7 and Table 3.
Horizontal dynamic loads and movements acting on the lift due to tower movements shall be taken into
account according to the information provided by the tower manufacturer.
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Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential

requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request “M/396
Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for Standardisation in the field of machinery” to provide one voluntary
means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and
of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance
with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of
this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that
Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex I of Directive
2006/42/EC
The relevant Essential Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this Remarks/Notes

Requirements of Directive EN
2006/42/EC
1.1.4 5.8.8
1.1.6 5.7.1
1.1.7 5.5.1
1.2.1 5.7
1.2.1 5.8.6
1.2.2 5.7.1
1.2.2 5.7.9
1.2.3 5.7.1
1.2.4 5.7.1
1.2.4.3 5.7.6
1.2.5 5.7.9
1.2.6 5.8.2
1.3.2 5.1
1.3.2 5.6.5.2
1.3.3 5.5.5
1.3.7 5.2.2
1.3.7 5.6.3
1.3.7 5.7.5
1.3.8.1 5.6.3
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2006/42/EC
1.3.8.2 5.7.5
1.3.9 5.7.1
1.4.3 5.7.5
1.4.3 5.8.7
1.5.1 5.8
1.5.8 Not covered
1.5.14 5.5.1
1.5.14 5.6.2
1.5.15 5.5.2
1.5.15 5.5.4.2
1.5.4 5.7.2.5
1.5.5 5.8.1
1.6.3 5.8.4
1.7.1 7.7
1.7.2 7.7
1.7.3 7.7.1
1.7.4 7.2
4.1.2.3 5.1
4.1.2.4 5.1.5
4.1.2.4 5.6.4.2
4.1.2.4 5.6.4.9
4.1.2.6 5.7.9
4.1.2.6 a) 5.4.5
4.1.2.6 a) 5.7.2
4.1.2.6 c) 5.6.1
4.1.2.6 c) 5.6.4.5
4.1.2.6 c) 5.9
4.1.2.7 5.2.2
4.1.2.8.1 5.4
4.1.2.8.2 5.2.3.1
4.1.2.8.2 5.7.7.1.1
4.1.2.8.2 5.7.7.3
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2006/42/EC
4.1.2.8.3 5.2.2
4.1.2.8.5 5.2.3.1
4.1.3 6.2
4.2.1 5.7.9
4.2.2 5.7.4
4.2.3 5.4.4
4.3.3 7.7.1
4.4.2 7
6.1.1 5.1
6.1.2 5.7.4
6.2 5.7.9
6.3.1 5.4.5
6.3.1 5.5
6.3.2 5.5.4.1
6.3.2 5.5.4.2
6.3.2 5.5.5
6.3.2 5.5.6
6.3.3 5.5.4.1
6.4.1 5.5
6.4.1 5.7.7.3
6.4.2 5.7.9
6.4.3 5.2.3.1
6.4.3 5.5.5
6.5 7.7.1
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
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ropes in reeving systems
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[9] ISO 281, Rolling bearings — Dynamic load ratings and rating life
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[17] DIN 3991 (all parts), Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears without pinion offset; introduction
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En 81-44

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Draft for Public Comment

BSI Group Headquarters Date: 28 January 2021

Responsible committee: MHE/4 Lifts, hoists and escalators

Responsible Committee Secretary: Ms Federica Vitali (BSI)

6.4 Paragraph 2 te The use of the UV photometer as Delete reference to UV photometer.

EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT

ICS 27.180; 91.140.90

Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts -

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

European foreword ............................................................................................................................................ 7

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

5.7.4 Overload detection device ............................................................................................................... 57

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

A.2.2 Lift speed ................................................................................................................................................ 83

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

B.2.5 Traction hoist drive lifting load limit test.................................................................................. 96

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

C.3.3 Endurance test .................................................................................................................................. 110

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.

— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

a) designed for the transportation of persons and goods;

d) supported or sustained by rack and pinion or rope traction drive;

e) travelling with a speed not more than 0,7 m/s;

f) operating ambient temperature range between – 25 °C to + 55 °C.

1.3 This document does not specify requirements for:

a) operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);

e) operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);

f) electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity);

g) handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations;

h) the use of combustion engines;

i) hydraulic and pneumatic drive units;

j) hazards occurring during manufacturing process;

k) the use of lifts in floating wind turbines;

l) the use during earthquakes.

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

1.4 This document is not applicable to:

a) builders hoists in accordance with EN 12158-1:2000, EN 12158-2:2000 and EN 12159:2000;

b) elevating control stations in accordance with EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008;

c) lifts in accordance with EN 81-20:2020;

d) work platforms in accordance with EN 280:2013+A1:2015 and EN 1808:2015 and

e) lifts on cranes in accordance with EN 81-43:2009.

EN 795:2012, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices

1 As impacted by EN 1991-1-3:2003/A1:2005 and EN 1991-1-3:2003/AC:2009.

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

EN 12385-1:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: General requirements

EN 13001-2:2014, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions

EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General

EN 60529:1991, 3 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)

3 As impacted by EN 60529:1991/AC:2006-12, EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/A2:2013 and EN

prEN 81-44:2021 (E)

3 Terms and definitions

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

[SOURCE: EN 81-43:2009, definition 3.1]