Interfacing Electrification and System Reliability
Interfacing Electrification and System Reliability
Interfacing Electrification and System Reliability
Introduction
Interfacing Electrification and System Reliability
Technical: sources of interaction Conductive coupling; co -located Inductive coupling; parallel location of systems High Frequency Switching; RFI; Electrostatic Coupling; Earthed systems Railway Construction/contracts Procurement methodology Civil lead projects Systems integration Railway Operation Private Public Partnership
1.
DC Railways rails insulated, Rail: low resistance to d.c. current [ 20 m ohms/km] Traction loads 4kA 8kA Short Circuit 100 -200kA Station earth metallic structures not connected to rail Requirements for control of stray current
AC Railways rails earthed, Rail high impedance to a.c. current [0.7 ohms/km] Traction Loads 300A -600A 50Hz Short Circuit 12k-6kA 50Hz Metallic structures bonded to rail High 50Hz touch potentials Induction effects due to 50Hz
Earthing Requirements
Electricity Work Act (UK) Safety for Humans EN 50122-1 Electricity Work Act (UK) Protection of the Infrastructure Wiring regs Project Definition ROGS RAMS Functional Operation
Project Requirements & Overall System Operation for Earthing and Equipotential Bonding
EMC Directive
Design low voltage systems Signalling, telecoms, LV systems immunity earth ports
Earth Integration
Typical Earthing and Return Conductor Arrangements of 25kV a.c. and 1500V d.c. Railways
Return Conductor
Return Conductor
Parallel Feeds
RC Tie Down Impedance of the train short circuit on roof Maximum 0.05 RC Tie down Converter Double Insulated Rail Clips Impedance of the train short circuit on roof Maximum 0.05 Substation Rectifier Substation Earth Busbar
Traction Transforme r
Earthing and Bonding earth Corrosion of AC and DC Railway and Non Railway Assets Unintended Traction Return Currents
DC currents in a.c. system and earth paths & Visa Versa
Touch and Accessible Potentials Degraded Modes AC or DC Railway Electromagnetic Compatibility between AC
Walthamstow Central
Failop Barkingside Newbury Park Upminster Upminster Bridge Hornchurch Elm Park Dagenham East Dagenham Heathway Becontree Upney
Sudbury Hill
Perivale
Angel
Barking East Ham Old Street Liverpool Street Bethnal Green Shoreditch Bow Road Stepney Green Whitechapel Bromleyby-Bow West Ham Mile End Pudding Mill Lane Upton Park Plaistow
Euston Square
Farringdon Barbican
Ladbroke Grove Park Royal North Ealing Ealing Broadway West Acton East Acton Shepherds Bush Shepherds Bush North Acton Latimer Road White City Holland Park
Regents Park Marble Arch Bond Street Oxford Circus Tottenham Court Road
Russell Square
Moorgate
Chancery Lane
Devons Road
Covent Garden Ealing Common Kensington (Olympia) High Street Kensington Hyde Park Corner Knightsbridge South Ealing Northfields Boston Manor Osterley Hounslow East Gunnersbury Hounslow Central Heathrow Terminals 1, 2, 3 Hounslow West Hatton Cross Kew Gardens Putney Bridge River Thames Richmond Goldhawk Road East Putney Vauxhall Southfields Kennington Wimbledon Park Stockwell Wimbledon Clapham North Clapham Common Clapham South Balham Tooting Bec Tooting Broadway Colliers Wood South Wimbledon Morden Brixton Lewisham Oval Elephant & Castle Deptford Bridge Parsons Green Pimlico Lambeth North Waterloo Fulham Broadway Southwark
Waterloo East
Canon Street Leicester Square Mansion House Charing Cross Blackfriars London Bridge Temple Bermondsey Embankment
Charing Cross (100m)
Canning Town Limehouse Monument Tower Hill Shadwell Wapping West India Quay Canary Wharf Canada Water Heron Quays South Quay Crossharbour & London Arena Mudchute Surrey Quays Island Gardens North Greenwich
For the Dome
Royal Victoria Custom House Prince Regent Royal Albert Beckton Park Cyprus Pontoon Dock London City Airport King George V Gallions Reach Beckton
Acton Town
Hammersmith
Gloucester Road
Chiswick Park
South Kensington
Cutty Sark
For Maritime Greenwich
Heathrow Terminal 4
Greenwich
Elverson Road
650V Fourth Rail operation NR owned Power supply 650V NR Overrunning Silverlink NR owned Power supply Fourth Rail bonded to running rails 650V NR Overrunning LU owned infrastructure Power Supply NR Fourth rail bonded to rails 650V NR Overrunning Silverlink NR owned Power supply Fourth rail bonded to running rails 25 kV Interface Under or Over bridges Depot Area Parallel to 25kV
Symbols
Interchange Station Connections with National Rail Connections with National Rail Within walking distance
Metronet London Underground and Network Rail Interfaces R D White Atkins Date 15/11/2006
protection limit for rails EN 50122-2 2.5mA/m limit over 25yrs Protection limit for civil structures EN 50122-2 The average value for potential shift in the hour of highest traffic does not exceed +200mV for steel buried in concrete
Electronic/Electrical/Control Systems within the <1m Zone [Severe] Track Circuits and detection equipment Electronic/Electrical/Control Systems within the 1-3m Zone [V High] Telecommunication systems, rolling stock converter and auxiliary systems
Substation
3m Buffer Zone
Commercial/Light Industrial
Electronic/Electrical/Control Systems outside 3-30m Zone [Industrial] Telecommunication systems; Station, control centre, location cases, equipment rooms; etc Third Parties >30m Beyond the railway boundary, private houses, commercial premises, industrial premises, motorways, other railways, stations concourse etc
The railway authority should specify requirement for Management plans; Quality assurance process; Requirements for Electrical installation Codes of Practice; Testing and Commissioning The railway authority should ensure compliance with: National Legislation Railway standards [these may need writing]; Relevant national electrical and safety standards Third party interfaces and requirements.
Engineering Enhancement/Renewals
EMC Project activities Standard Design (according to reference Novel Design installation) GRIP2 EMC Strategy GRIP3 EMC set of project specific requirements Final installation design for EMC Safety Case development
Project Record
Requirements Phase
PM remit: specific (Product Acceptance) encompassing best practice (recognised design installation rules)
GRIP4
Design Phase
GRIP5
H&S File
Management Plans
Safety Management Systems Traction System Integration Management Plan Earthing Management Plan EMC Management Plan DC Stray Current Management Plan Testing
Installation CoP Integration and Commissioning Testing Plans Technical Assurance Files
DC
Conclusion