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    Roberto Emparan - Black Holes in Higher Dimensions (V)

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    Huntsmith
    1. The document discusses black holes in higher dimensions, focusing on their charges, dipoles, and properties in anti-de Sitter spacetime. 2. Black holes can carry electric or magnetic charges with respect to higher-dimensional forms. They can also have dipole moments without a net charge. 3. Extremal black holes have a simplified near-horizon geometry that often exhibits attractor behavior and enhanced symmetries. Their entropy can sometimes be computed via the Cardy formula. 4. The topology of black hole horizons is less restricted in higher dimensions, allowing possibilities like spheres connected to tori. Classifying all stationary black holes remains an open problem.

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    Roberto Emparan - Black Holes in Higher Dimensions (V)

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    Huntsmith
    94 views27 pages
    1. The document discusses black holes in higher dimensions, focusing on their charges, dipoles, and properties in anti-de Sitter spacetime. 2. Black holes can carry electric or magnetic charges with respect to higher-dimensional forms. They can also have dipole moments without a net charge. 3. Extremal black holes have a simplified near-horizon geometry that often exhibits attractor behavior and enhanced symmetries. Their entropy can sometimes be computed via the Cardy formula. 4. The topology of black hole horizons is less restricted in higher dimensions, allowing possibilities like spheres connected to tori. Classifying all stationary black holes remains an open problem.

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    Roberto Emparan- Black Holes in Higher Dimensions (V)

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    1. The document discusses black holes in higher dimensions, focusing on their charges, dipoles, and properties in anti-de Sitter spacetime. 2. Black holes can carry electric or magnetic charges with respect to higher-dimensional forms. They can also have dipole moments without a net charge. 3. Extremal black holes have a simplified near-horizon geometry that often exhibits attractor behavior and enhanced symmetries. Their entropy can sometimes be computed via the Cardy formula. 4. The topology of black hole horizons is less restricted in higher dimensions, allowing possibilities like spheres connected to tori. Classifying all stationary black holes remains an open problem.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    94 views27 pages

    Roberto Emparan - Black Holes in Higher Dimensions (V)

    Uploaded by

    Huntsmith
    1. The document discusses black holes in higher dimensions, focusing on their charges, dipoles, and properties in anti-de Sitter spacetime. 2. Black holes can carry electric or magnetic charges with respect to higher-dimensional forms. They can also have dipole moments without a net charge. 3. Extremal black holes have a simplified near-horizon geometry that often exhibits attractor behavior and enhanced symmetries. Their entropy can sometimes be computed via the Cardy formula. 4. The topology of black hole horizons is less restricted in higher dimensions, allowing possibilities like spheres connected to tori. Classifying all stationary black holes remains an open problem.

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    of 27

    Black Holes in Higher Dimensions (V)

    Roberto Emparan ICREA & U. Barcelona 3rd Asian Winter School, Beijing 7-17 Jan 2009

    Charges & Dipoles (<0) Extremal black holes Some general results on hi-d black holes

    Charges & Dipoles

    Charged black holes


    Black holes in D dimensions can carry a conserved electric charge for a 2-form field strength F
    (or, dually, magnetic charge w.r.t. D2-form)

    Q=
    S D2

    F(2)

    Hi-D Reissner-Nordstrom in Einstein-Maxwell is easy:

    Dipoles
    Conserved gauge charge for asymp flat solns can only be electric w.r.t. a 2-form field strength F (or dual magnetic w.r.t. D-2-form) But higher p-forms can also be excited although they have no net charge associated Simplest: black rings as dipoles of H SD-3 String:

    H(3)=dB(2) z
    Btz

    S D3

    H(3)

    Ring: SD-3

    Now q is not conserved: can shrink ring to zero

    Bt

    Simplest set up: minimal 5D sugra


    Einstein+Maxwell+Chern-Simons
    1 I= 16G 8 R 1 2F F F F A 3 3

    Ring couples electrically to F (charge Q ) and magnetically to its magnetic dual 3-form *F (dipole q) F(2) q = Q= F(2) S3 S2 Exact solutions available: Non-extremal charged&rotating bh (Susy BMPV) Black rings: non-susy, w/ dipole, and w/ or w/out charge (but not most general) supersymmetric (w/ charge and dipole) Most results extend to sugra w/ vectors

    Dr6 Sugra (ungauged)


    No known charged rotating bh solutions mere technical problem: they must exist! (presumably numerically) No susy bhs known
    static seem unlikely (but no simple argument) stationary? 6D susy rings?

    (Small susy bhs do exist: e.g. from FP strings)

    Stability of rings w/ charges and dipoles


    Charge increases stability Supersymmetric black rings expected to be linearly stable Near-susy are expected stable too Dipole rings (w/out conserved charges): fat rings radially unstable / thin rings radially stable GL instability expected to switch-off close to extremality (even if not close to susy) larger stability window than for neutral rings

    (<0)

    BHs with Cosmo Constant: Neutral


    Schw-(A)dS Kottler 1918, Witten 1998 Rotating (A)dS black hole w/ all spins
    Carter 1968, Hawking et al 1998, Gibbons et al 2004

    Def of mass & spins subtle but clarified: satisfy 1st law (but not Smarr) Phase space: solutions exist inside the

    5D
    M J2 J1 BPS bound: MLAdS r i|Ji|

    6D

    "deformed inverted pyramids"

    Chrusciel et al (Witten-type proof)

    not saturated by these bhs only in Dr6 w/ one spin

    iLAdS b1: Hartle-Hawking state exists: matter at infty


    can corotate with horizon

    iLAdS >1: Ergoregion instability (superradiant black


    hole bomb) but endpoint unknown. Dual CFT matter would rotate superluminally Hawking+Hunter+Taylor, Hawking+Reall

    Extremal bhs lie in unstable region but instability may be very slow for small bhs Black rings in AdS: blackfold approach (thin rings) Multi-bh configurations presumably can (asymptotically) saturate the BPS bound in any D

    AdS phase diagram w/ one spin


    A
    (Thin AdS rings and Saturns in any Dr5 can be studied w/ approximate techniques (cf. lecture 6))

    D=5
    fixed M
    J=MLAdS

    J "compressed" versions of =0

    Dr6

    J=MLAdS

    BHs in Gauged Sugras


    Static charged bhs extremal is not BPS Rotating BPS bhs in 5D sugra (minimal+vectors)
    Gutowski+Reall Kunduri et al

    Non-extremal rotating charged in U(1)3 not the most general yet Pope et al Non-extremal and susy rotating bhs in 6D gauged sugra Chow

    Extremal black holes

    Extremal = zero surface gravity = zero temperature


    BPS Extremal but Extremal BPS

    Extremal entropy often simplifies, e.g.: extremal Kerr: S=2|J| (quantized & indep of G !) extremal 5D Myers-Perry: S=2|J1J2|1/2 Extremal Near-Horizon Geometry simplifies:
    Typically exhibits attractor mechanism (independence from asymptotic moduli) entropy can be extrapolated from strong to weak coupling Typically has conformal symmetry SL(2,R) (from AdS2 factor) dual CFT entropy counting via Cardy formula (eg Kerr/CFT)

    Near-horizon geometry of extremal black holes +


    H Choose Gaussian null (Eddington-Finkelstein) coordinates (v, r, x a) Assume extremal horizon: v H r

    Reall Kunduri,Lucietti, Figueras,Rangamani

    ds2 = r2 F (x, r)dv2 + 2dvdr + 2rha (x, r)dvdxa + gab (x, r)dxa dxb

    Near-horizon limit: r r , v v/ , 0 r -dependence is fixed (& enhanced symmetry)


    ds2 = r2 F (x)dv2 + 2dvdr + 2rha (x)dvdxa + gab (x)dxa dxb
    ODEs: May solve for

    H geometry gab(x)

    Vacuum =0: assume two U(1) 3 S near-horizon MP, KK bhs (ergo & ergofree), 1 2 S x S extremal ring, Kerr string Solve w/ single U(1)?

    <0: reduces to 6-th order ODE


    Near-horizon BMPV, AdS3xS 2, flat
    Reall, Gutowski

    Susy: complete classification of nearhorizon geometries in 5D sugra w/ vectors

    Pros & Cons


    Pros: simplified fully nonlinear eqs Cons:
    near-horizon can't distinguish strings vs rings misses many classes of bhs that don't have regular extremal limit can't identify asymptotic magnitudes eqns still hard to solve

    Some general results on hi-d black holes

    Horizon topology
    Hawking's 4D theorem relies on Gauss-Bonnet thm:

    R(2) > 0 H = S 2 H
    D=5: Galloway+Schoen: +ve Yamabe
    so far:

    R(D-2)

    >0

    S ,S xS

    D=6: Helfgott et al: S 4, S 2x S 2, S 1x S 3, gx S 2 S 4 exactly (MP, but possibly others too) S 1x S 3, T 2x S 2 approximately*

    D>6: essentially unknown S D-2 exactly (MP, but possibly others too) so far: p q 1 D-3 S x S , T x S (p b q +1) plus many others approximately*
    *cf lecture 6

    Uniqueness & Classification


    SchwarschildD is unique among static AF Gibbons+Ida+Shiromizu black holes (proof extends to charged bhs) (Note that non-static solutions with zero angular momentum, eg black saturns)
    STATIC classification solved

    Uniqueness & Classification


    STATIONARY bh's must admit one spacelike

    Killing that generates rotations But there may be as many as (D 1)/2 such Killings Are there solutions with less than this symmetry?
    Where? How?

    Also: Tools to classify pinched bh's still to be developed

    1. What is the simplest and most convenient set of parameters that fully specify a bh?
    In 5D: M, J, + "rod structure": more physical parametrization? Higher D??

    2. How many bh's with given charges are relevant to a given physical situation?
    Conserved charges + additional conditions:
    Horizon topology alone is not enough Dynamic linear stability (not an issue in 4D classification) may be (just may be) enough But stability does not per se rule out a solution must compare timescales Dipoles introduce more non-uniqueness and enhance stability

    Laws of black hole mechanics


    Generally valid indep of dimension Dipoles introduce additional terms:

    dM = dAH + dJ + dQ + dq 8 RE
    Copsey+Horowitz

    even if dipoles are not conserved charges


    can't define globally the dipole potential extra surface term

    Multi-black hole mechanics


    Each connected component of the horizon Hi is generated by a different Killing vector

    k(i) = t +

    3 M= 2

    i Ai + 8G

    i Ji

    (Smarr)

    M =
    i

    i Ai + 8G

    Ji

    First Law

    Hawking radiation
    Technical analysis complicated, but physics should remain the same: bh's emit radiation at temperature T=/2 and "chemical potentials" i, Multi-bhs will emit multiple components thermal only if all Ti, i etc are equal Euclidean thermodynamics: much like in 4D
    real Euclidean sections may not exist (do not exist for black ring!) convenient to work with complex sections that have real actions

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