Folleto para El Consumidor - El Fideicomiso Revocable en Florida - Colegio de Abogados de Florida
Folleto para El Consumidor - El Fideicomiso Revocable en Florida - Colegio de Abogados de Florida
Folleto para El Consumidor - El Fideicomiso Revocable en Florida - Colegio de Abogados de Florida
revocable en Florida
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El fideicomiso revocable, o “en vida”, se suele promover como un medio para evitar la
legalización de un testamento y ahorrar impuestos en caso de muerte y se rige por el
Capítulo 736 de los Estatutos de Florida. El fideicomiso revocable tiene ciertas ventajas
sobre un testamento tradicional, pero hay muchos factores que se deben tener en
cuenta antes de decidir si un fideicomiso revocable es el más adecuado para su plan
patrimonial general.
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¿Qué es un fideicomiso revocable?
A revocable trust is a document (the “trust agreement”) created by you to manage your
assets during your lifetime and distribute the remaining assets after your death. The
person who creates a trust is called the “grantor” or “settlor.” The person responsible for
the management of the trust assets is the “trustee.” You can serve as trustee, or you may
appoint another person, bank or trust company to serve as your trustee. The trust is
“revocable” since you may modify or terminate the trust during your lifetime, as long as
you are not incapacitated.
During your lifetime the trustee invests and manages the trust property. Most trust
agreements allow the grantor to withdraw money or assets from the trust at any time,
and in any amount. If you become incapacitated, the trustee is authorized to continue to
manage your trust assets, pay your bills, and make investment decisions. This may avoid
the need for a court-appointed guardian of your property. This is one of the advantages
of a revocable trust.
Upon your death, the trustee (or your successor if you were the initial trustee) is
responsible for paying all claims and taxes, and then distributing the assets to your
beneficiaries as described in the trust agreement. The trustee’s responsibilities at your
death are discussed below.
Your assets, such as bank accounts, real estate and investments, must be formally
transferred to the trust before your death to get the maximum benefit from the trust.
This process is called “funding” the trust and requires changing the ownership of the
assets to the trust. Assets that are not properly transferred to the trust may be subject to
probate. However, certain assets should not be transferred to a trust because income tax
problems may result. You should consult with your attorney, tax advisor and investment
advisor to determine if your assets are appropriate for trust ownership.
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What is Probate?
Probate is the court-supervised administration of a decedent’s estate. It is a process
created by state law to transfer assets from the decedent’s name to his or her
beneficiaries. A personal representative is appointed to handle the estate administration.
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The probate process ensures that creditors, taxes and expenses are paid before
distribution of the estate to the beneficiaries. The personal representative is accountable
to the court as well as the estate beneficiaries for his or her actions during the
administration. For probate estates having less than $75,000 of non-exempt assets,
Florida law provides a simplified probate procedure, known as summary administration.
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The “funding” of a revocable trust is critical to successfully avoid probate. Those persons
who do not fully fund their trusts often need both a probate administration for the non-
trust assets as well as a trust administration to completely distribute the assets. Because
the revocable trust may not completely avoid probate, a simple “pour over” will is
needed to transfer any probate assets to the trust after death.
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How Do I Know if My Assets Are Properly Titled to My
Revocable Trust
The account statement, stock certificate, title or deed will make some reference to the
trust or to you as trustee. You might also elect to fund your trust by naming the trust as a
beneficiary of life insurance or other similar arrangements. Your attorney and financial
advisor may assist you with the transfer of assets to your trust. If your trust will own real
estate then it is important to have the deed prepared by an attorney. The attorney will
consider the impact of existing mortgages, title issues and homestead restrictions when
the deed is prepared.
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Por otra parte, evitar la legalización de un testamento en varios estados es una ventaja
indudable. Debido a la naturaleza de los bienes inmuebles, normalmente se exige la
legalización de un testamento en todos los estados en los que se posee un bien
inmueble. Esto se puede evitar normalmente transfiriendo la propiedad del bien
inmueble a un fideicomiso durante la vida del propietario.
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El material de este folleto constituye asesoramiento jurídico general. Dado que la ley
cambia constantemente, algunas disposiciones de este folleto pueden estar
desactualizadas. Siempre es mejor consultar a un abogado sobre sus derechos y
responsabilidades legales en relación con su caso particular.
Este folleto es producido como un servicio público para los consumidores por el Colegio
de Abogados de Florida.