Civics Chapter 5 Outcomes of Democracy

Chapter 7
Outcomes Of Democracy
Key Points
1. Accountability- An accountable government is answerable to its citi-

zens. It is responsible for all the decisions it makes on behalf
of its citizens.
2. Political equality is that the equal right should be given to vote

and also to contest in election irrespective of caste, creed, reli-
gion, economic status.
302 X – Social Science
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3. Democracy
1. promotes equality among citizens
2. Enhances the dignity of the indivisual
3. lmproves the quality of decision-making
4. Provides a method to resolve conflicts
5. Allows rooms to correct mistakes.
4. Electorate-Group of people who have right to vote in an election.
5. Sovereignty-Supreme power of the state to take decisions in the

internal as well as external matters.
6. Legitimate Government- Legitimate government is a government

under which law and action of the government are revealed to the
people and government function in a transparent manner.
7. Bye election/bypoll- is an election used to fill an office that has be-

come vacant between general elections.
8. Dictatorship- form of government in which one person or a small

group possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limi-
tations.
9. In actual life,democracies do not appear to be very successful in re-

ducing economic inequalities.
10. Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in

promoting dignity and freedom of the individual.
11. Transparency- A citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken

through the correct procedures can find this out. She has the right
and the means to examine the process of decision making. This is
known as transparency.
X – Social Science 303

Short-answer type questions (1 mark)
1. What is meant by transparency?
2. How can you say that democracies are based on political equality?
3. Why is a democratic government better than other alternatives?
4. Which form of government is considered the best?
5. In what way democracy produces an accountable, responsive and

legitimate government?
6. Which one of the following is an example of outcomes of a democ-

racy that produces an accountable government?
(a) Open to public debates on major policies and legislation
(b) Open in promoting economic development
(c) Open in reducing economic inequalities
(d) Open to rulers elected by the people
7. Which one of the following is the most popular form of government in

the contemporary world?
(a) Dictatorship (b) Monarchy
(c) Military rule (d) Democracy
8. To measure democracies on the basis of expected outcomes, which

of the following practices and institutions would one look for?
(a) Regular, free and fair elections
(b) Open public debate on major policies

(c) Citizens’ right to information about the government
(d) All of the above
State whether the following statements are True or False
9. Decisions taken by Non-democratic governments are likely to be more

acceptable to the people and more effective?
10. No regime can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among differ-
ent groups.
11. Democracies are very much different from each other in terms of their
social, economic and cultural achievements.
Fill in the blanks
12. Growth and development of the country in the way of providing better
facilities and services to the individual signifies ............ ..
13. Decisions taken through the correct procedure by involving the people
is known as ................ .
14. The government ruled by the monarch or king of the country is known
as ...............
15. Choose the correct match
(a) Accountable and responsive govt .......... Monarchy
(b) Free and fair election..............Dictatorship
(c) Legitimate government................Democracy
16. In the question given below,there are two statements marked as As-
sertion (A) and Reason (R).Mark your answer as per the codes pro-
vided below :

(A): At least one fourth of the globe is still not under democratic gov-
ernment.
(R): Because the challenge for democracy in these parts of the world
is very stark.
Options :
(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(3) A is true but R is False.
(4) A is false but R is true.
17. (A) Democratic reforms are to be brought about principally through

political practice.
(R) Any proposal for political reforms should think only about what is
a good solution but not care about who will implement it and how.
Options :
(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(3) A is true but R is False.
(4) A is false but R is true.
Answer Key
1. Any citizen can examine the process of decision-making in a democ-

racy.

2. individuals have equal weight in electing representatives.
3. it is legitimate, accountable, responsive, promotes equality among

citizens, enhances dignity of the individual
4. Democratic form of government is considered the best as it enhances

dignity of the individual.
5. By providing citizens the right to examine the process through which

decisions are made.
6. (a) Open to public debates on major policies and legislation.
7. (d) Democracy
8. (d) All of the above
9. False
10. True
11. True
12. Economic development
13. transparency
14. monarchy
15. (c) Legitimate government ................... Democracy
16. (1) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct ex-
planation of assertion.
17. (3) Assertion is true but reason is false

Short/Long Answer Type Questios (3/5 Markers)
1. A democratic government is a legitimate government.’ Support the

statement with arguments.
2. ‘Democracy accommodates social diversities.’ Support the statement

with examples.
3. ‘Democratic governments in practice are known as accountable.’ Sup-

port the statement.
4. How are democratic governments better than the other forms of gov-
ernments? Compare.
5. ‘There is an overwhelming support for the idea of democracy all over

the world.’ Support the statement.
6. ‘Some people think that democracy produces a less-effective gov-

ernment.’ Analyse the statement.
7. A democratic government is efficient and effective.’ Analyse the state-

ment.
8. Explain any three common features of democracies.
9. Explain four ways in which democracies have been able to reduce

inequality and poverty.
10. How do democratic governments ensure transparency? Explain any

three points.
11. What outcomes can one reasonably expect of democracies?
12. A public expression of dissatisfaction with democracy shows the suc-

cess of democratic project.’ Justify the statement.

13. Mention a few factors that determine the economic growth of a coun-
try?
Answer Key
1. 1. free and fair elections.
2. regular public debates.
3. right to information to citizens.
4. planned legislations.
5. In a democracy, decisions are taken in a very transparent manner
2. 1. Democracy develops competitive attitude.This reduces the pos-

sibility of conflicts and social tensions.
2. Democracy evolves mechanisms to negotiate
3. Democracy ensures that the government should not be made by

the majority but it should have the representation of minority as
well
3. 1. People have the right to choose their representatives and they

have control over the rulers.
2. People have a chance to not elect them in the next election.
3. people have the right to examine the decision-making process.
4. 1. Democracy promotes equality among citizens
2. Democracy enhances dignity of individuals
3. Democracy improves the quality of decision-making
4. Democracy develops competitive attitude
5. Democracy evolves mechanisms to resolve conflicts

5. 1. A democratic government is people’s own government.
2. It promotes equality among citizens.
3. It improves the quality of decision-making.
4. It provides room for correction of mistakes, (any three)
6. 1. In democracy, decisions are delayed because of a long decision-

making process.
2. Democratic governments do not have a very good record when it

comes to sharing information with the citizens.
3. Democracies often frustrate the aspirations of the people and

often ignore the demands of a majority of its population.
7. 1. A democratic government is mainly a government of people
2. A democratic government works for the betterment and welfare

of the people.
3. A democratic government promotes equality of status and op-

portunity.
4. A democratic government gives freedom of thought, expression

and belief.
8. 1. In a democratic government, the general elections are held to elect

a new government.
2. All the citizens of the country, of and above a certain age, have
the right to vote.
3. Political parties are an essential part of democracy.

4. Rule of law:Law is supreme and all the citizens are equal in the
eyes of law. No one is above the law.
9. 1. It ensures political equality by giving equal voting rights to every

citizen,
2. It provides a suitable environment for group activism which leads

to equal opportunity to raise the concerns of poor people.
3. It supports the redistributive mechanism for transferring economic

benefits on the basis of requirement of any section of society.
4. It protects the rights of every citizen without discrimination on the

basis of economic status ensuring social equality.
10. 1. Democratic govt, make sure that decision-making will be based

on norms and procedures.
2. They allow every citizen to participate in decision-making, directly

or indirectly
3. Citizens can examine and find out about the correctness of the
procedure of decision-making
4. They are accountable to the’people. They have the right to change

the government in the next general elections.
5. They provide people with power to demand answers from their

representatives and reduce the chances of corruption.
11. 1. accountable and legitimate government
2. minimised economic inequalities
3. equal protection to oppressed classes and women

12. 1. When citizens show their dissatisfaction, it clearly shows that they
are actively taking part in democratic projects.
2. It shows that people are not just forcefully following or agreeing

with whatever they are told.
3. lt shows that they are enjoying their freedom and hence they are
no more subjects but are responsible citizens.
4. Their freedom and transformation from the status of subjects to

that of citizens is the main aim of democracy.
5. As people get benefits, they ask for more. This makes democ-
racy better.
13. 1. Population
2. Size
3. Natural Resources
4. Relationship with other countries
5. Global situation
6. Geographic position
Source based questions (4 Marks)
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions at the end.
There are some things that democracy must provide. In a democracy,

we are most concerned with ensuring that people will have the right to
choose their rulers and people will have control over the rulers. Whenever
possible and necessary, citizens should be able to participate in decision
making, that affects them all. Therefore, the most basic outcome of democ-
racy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the
citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens

(a) What are there that democracy should provide?
(b) Why should people participate in decision-making?
(c) What is the basic outcomes of democracy?
2. Democracies are based on political equality. All individuals have equal

weight in electing representatives. Parallel to the process of bringing
individuals into the political arena on an equal footing, we find grow-
ing economic inequalities. A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly
disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. Not only that, their
share in the total income of the country has been increasing. Those at
the bottom of the society have very little to depend upon. Their in-
comes have been declining. Sometimes they find it difficult to meet
their basic needs of life, such as food, clothing, house, education and
health.
(a) On which is democracy based ?
(b) Compare between ultra rich and poor in reference wealth and
incomes.
(c) what are the things that poor people feel difficult to get?
Answer key of source based questions
1. (a) people will have the right to choose their rulers and people will
have control over the rulers
(b) Government should be responsible to the people and pay atten-

tion to the needs and expectations of the people.
(c) Accountable, Responsive and Legitimate government
2. (a) Refer to notes,
(b) Refer to notes.
(c) Refer to notes.

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Chapter 7

1. Accountability- An accountable government is answerable to its citi-

2. Political equality is that the equal right should be given to vote

302 X – Social Science

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1. promotes equality among citizens

2. Enhances the dignity of the indivisual

3. lmproves the quality of decision-making

4. Provides a method to resolve conflicts

5. Allows rooms to correct mistakes.

4. Electorate-Group of people who have right to vote in an election.

5. Sovereignty-Supreme power of the state to take decisions in the

6. Legitimate Government- Legitimate government is a government

7. Bye election/bypoll- is an election used to fill an office that has be-

8. Dictatorship- form of government in which one person or a small

9. In actual life,democracies do not appear to be very successful in re-

10. Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in

11. Transparency- A citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken

X – Social Science 303

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1. What is meant by transparency?

3. Why is a democratic government better than other alternatives?

4. Which form of government is considered the best?

5. In what way democracy produces an accountable, responsive and

6. Which one of the following is an example of outcomes of a democ-

(a) Open to public debates on major policies and legislation

(b) Open in promoting economic development

(c) Open in reducing economic inequalities

(d) Open to rulers elected by the people

7. Which one of the following is the most popular form of government in

(a) Dictatorship (b) Monarchy

(c) Military rule (d) Democracy

8. To measure democracies on the basis of expected outcomes, which

(a) Regular, free and fair elections

(b) Open public debate on major policies

304 X – Social Science

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(d) All of the above

State whether the following statements are True or False

9. Decisions taken by Non-democratic governments are likely to be more

Fill in the blanks

15. Choose the correct match

(a) Accountable and responsive govt .......... Monarchy

(b) Free and fair election..............Dictatorship

(c) Legitimate government................Democracy

X – Social Science 305

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(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(3) A is true but R is False.

(4) A is false but R is true.

17. (A) Democratic reforms are to be brought about principally through

(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(3) A is true but R is False.

(4) A is false but R is true.

1. Any citizen can examine the process of decision-making in a democ-

306 X – Social Science

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3. it is legitimate, accountable, responsive, promotes equality among

4. Democratic form of government is considered the best as it enhances

5. By providing citizens the right to examine the process through which