PART 6: WORD FORMATIONS

PRACTICE TEST 1
1. A portion of the proceeds will be ________ for providing school fees for poor children for the
coming academic year. (mark)
2. The administration ropes in all educational institutions, government offices, public sector
________ and universities for the purpose of mobilising funds. (take)
3. Contraception is less ________ or affordable in South America. (cure)
4. Both toxic and ________ potentials are properties of all drugs. (cure)
5. While learning has changed for students in this new century, we are ________ by the boundless
opportunity presented in our lifetime. (bold)
6. It does not become an economic ________ but it does become a ‘newly industrialized country’,
like Malaysia, Taiwan, and South Korea. (power)
7. We believe that the most effective enforcement tool is self-policing and ________ (strain).
8. It is possible to humanely raise and slaughter a variety of food animals, including ________
poultry and beef cattle. (range)
9. Most of this feature includes behind-the-scenes video ________ of the crew working and goofing
off. (foot)
10. Together they forged a(n) ________ intellectual climate that has profoundly shaped my career.
(vigor)
11. We will investigate the tradeoffs among data ________, data hiding capacity, and
probabilities of extraction errors in different applications. (perceive)
12. This is a(n) ________ thriller that promises to deliver. (page)
13. Death, from this perspective, seems unproblematically universal, a simple, irreducible fact of our
nature, ________ the same across all societies and throughout time (yield)
14. Of course there is a(n) ________ between such advantages of large cells and the disadvantages
of slower cell multiplication. (trade)
15. Today we look at claims that in Queensland, the regime that looks after the most vulnerable
people, the infirm elderly, and ________ adults, is failing. (capacity).
16. Scholars have tried to make a case for ________, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate
human trait. (acquire)
17. The judge ruled that Newman's comments were not a(n) ________offense. (act)
18. She was a very selfish, ________ bad-tempered little girl. (agree)
19. Before creating this sculpture, she studied all the masterpieces of classical ________ (antique).
20. He claims that the laws are ________ and have no contemporary relevance. (antique)
21. I fretted and sweated as they stalked in and stared around with that ________, accusatory look of
all cops everywhere. (approve)
22. A good teacher can encourage ________creativity. (art)
23. She's ________ and knows how to get round her parents. (art)
24. Most ________ or totalitarian regimes are nonconstitutional. (authority)
25. One encouraging feature of period-instrument performances in recent decades has been a
growing concern with reliable and ________editions. (authority)
26. It is essential that there is a(n) ________ (author) use of the confidential information.
27. He thought back to the ________ days of his childhood. (care)
28. They gave him a(n) ________ assurance that he would not be hurt.(category)
29. They are taking ________measures to safeguard their forces from the effects of chemical
weapons. (caution)
30. Their ________ greetings did not seem heartfelt. (ceremony)
31. The full costume is only worn on important ________ occasions. (ceremony)
32. Utilitarian notions in the social sciences are not enough for even providing a(n) ________
framework for grasping what actually happens. (concept)
33. It once seemed ________ to everyone that men should travel to the moon. (conceive)
34. The procedure is in strict ________ with standard international practices.(conform)
35. The present economic policy is a(n) ________ of the earlier one. (continue)
36. A historical awareness also imparts a sense of________(continue).
37. Last month's elections saw a ________ in power of the country's socialist party. (continue)
38. It's very ________ to find out that your own team members have been lying to you. (courage)
39. Do you believe in the ________ powers of the local mineral water? (cure)
40. She has an artist's ________ eye. (discriminate)
41. The government enacted laws to protect women from ________employment practices
(discriminate)
42. Maria loved both the children. There was never a hint of ________ (favour)
43. They often are involved in the hiring and dismissal of employees but generally have no role in the
________ of personnel policy. (form)
44. An agreement on the ________ of a new government was reached on June 6. (form)
45. There are people who want to ________ you and grind you down. (humble)
46. The discussions reached a new level of ________ and by lunchtime the exchanges were
becoming very heated. (intense)
47. ________ and specialization in agriculture, especially in the vineyards, gave rise to commercial
exchange and opportunity for profit and saving. (intense)
48. Areas near the frontier were rough and ________ in the old days. (law)
49. It is ________ for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on pupils. (law)
50. The relation of politics and economy is a ________ of historical gradual progress. (master)
51. A builder from South London, McAvoy was the ________ of the robbery (master)
52. Photographs and ________ that cover the walls and fill several display cases chronicle the foods
this area is famous for. (memory)
53. The three countries have signed a(n) ________ pledging to work together. (memory)
54. Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva is writing a(n) ________ about her life with Sergei
Grinkov, her late husband and figure-skating partner.(memory)
55. Her first defeat was an early lesson in ________ (humble).
56. They cannot forget the ________ they suffered at the hands of their oppressors. (humble).
57. Sales have slowed down quite ________ (mark).
58. To the untrained eye, the two flowers look ________ similar. (mark)
59. Always check the ________ before you buy a secondhand car (mile)
60. The invention of the wheel was a(n) ________ in the history of the world. (mile)
61. One ________ lapse in concentration could prove fatal. (moment)
62. It was in Glasgow, however, that many ________ events were taking place. (moment)
63. Guy was greedy, ________, obsessed with power and self-gratification. (moral)
64. Capital punishment was regarded as inhuman and ________ (moral)
65. Since their interest in the past was primarily ________, precise knowledge of actual events and
when they happened was not required. (moral)
66. A couple of victories would improve the team's ________enormously. (moral)
67. You become ________ when things are not going your way and you can't really see a way out of
it. (moral)
68. To the audience's ________, the band suddenly stopped playing. (mystical)
69. Electric-powered cars are still something of a(n) ________ (novel)
70. Comparisons are simpler to make when ________ data is presented in diagrammatic form and
conclusions are easier to draw from it. (number)
71. ________ pictures have been deemed to contribute to a hostile environment (object)
72. Personal disinterest in a programme content will help your ________ in assessing its potential for
your public relations purposes. (object)
73. To say that the ________(observe) of this custom or law is sacrilegious or illicit must be regarded
as ________ (error).
74. Recent developments in biology have made it possible to acquire more and more precise
information concerning our genetic ________ . Scientists can even today identify a number of
genetic disorders that may cause illness and disease. (make)
75. Since 1990 the price of sugar has tended to fluctuate more wildly than any of the other four
commodity groups, and has almost ________ been the most expensive relative to 2002-2004
prices. (vary)
76. A dozen international poverty and development organizations published a report last week on the
impact of building new coal power plants in countries where a large percentage of the population
lacks access to electricity. The report’s conclusions are strikingly ________: on the whole,
building coal power plants does little to help the poor, and often it can actually make them poorer.
(intuition)
77. The scandal surely ________ the end of his political career. (sign)
78. He gained ________ for being difficult to work with as an actor. (notorious)
79. Tre Transformer is quite intriguing. It is ________ one of the best movies of the year. (doubt)
80. Her hip has been ________ for quite a while, and she'll probably need surgery on it. (trouble)
81. Her latest novel is a(n) ________ thriller, set sometime in the late 21st century. (future)
82. The new policy only serves to ________ the inadequacy of help for the homeless. (accent)
83. Successful candidates will be required to ________ an induction program. (take)
84. Radio 4 also announced a new ________ of Primo Levi’s short story collection The Periodic
Table, starring Henry Goodman and introduced by Janet Suzman, to be broadcast in 12 episodes
of varying lengths this spring. (drama)
85. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to 1 in 1999 to
2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ________ ratio and is consequently a
cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments, it will place a higher
burden on the shrinking working population. (depend)
86. The UK government has already made tentative steps to raise the retirement age and increase
the role of private sector pensions. These policies will make an ageing population more ________
(manage).
87. Ian Darkin of One Traveller, which specialises in offering holidays for mature single travellers,
says: “The new generation of ________ (retire) aren’t sitting at home knitting. Their keenness to
experience other countries and cultures is ________ (diminish)
88. The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a(n) ________ calling for a halt to hostilities.
(solve)
89. Environmental degradation is ________ (character) as any change or aggravation to nature’s turf
seen to be pernicious or ________ (desire).
90. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction describes environmental
degradation as the ________ of the limit of the earth to meet social and environmental
destinations, and needs (less).
91. Humans have destroyed a tenth of Earth’s remaining ________ in the last 25 years and there
may be none left within a century if trends continue, according to an authoritative new study.
(wild)
92. Technology has been lauded as a way to free up time for us, yet the reality of an all-consuming
medium often does the reverse. New innovations bring with them a host of ________
consequences, ranging from the troubling to the downright depressing. Social media makes us
 lonely. Too much screen time makes teenagers fall behind their peers. And at the more feeble end
of the spectrum, many of us have walked into an obstacle while texting. (intend)
93. Zombies are archetypal monsters from the bottom of the uncanny valley, with their dead eyes and
________ faces (express).
94. The terrible scenes were indelible ________ on his mind (print).
95. Phyllis Schlafly, the ________ conservative activist who helped defeat the Equal Rights
Amendment in the 1970s, has died. (speak)
96. The results ________ poor hygiene as one cause of the outbreak. (imply)
97. The country’s economic crisis had a(n) ________ effect on world markets. (settle)
98. The piece, which had been affected by centuries of ________ and grime, was brought
back its former glory by seven conservators from the museum's Hamilton Kerr Institute.
99. The company has established total ________ over its rivals. (supreme)
100. Despite fighting between the government and SPLA rebels, citizens will be allowed ________
(hinder) access to humanitarian aid via "tranquility corridor.

PRACTICE TEST 2
1. With increasing numbers of people choosing to teach English as a foreign language, the need to
gain a(n) ________ (credit) qualification has never been more important.
2. A campaign is calling for the reversal of a decision to scrap A-level archaeology - saying it would
cause _______(revoke) harm to the development of future archaeologists.
3. Sir Adrian was a true gentleman. He was ________ (fail) polite to everyone he met within the
business and was on first name terms with many of them, regardless of where they worked.
4. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on ________ (mind) found frontline public servants
could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the increasingly popular
meditation practice.
5. ________ (absent) is an issue of growing concern among employers in the UK owing to changing
legislation, but there is virtually no robust data on its direct or indirect costs.
6. A decision to allow ________ (hear) evidence in disciplinary proceedings against a doctor linked to
child abuse claims was ________ (law).
7. Slavoj Žižek was born in communist Yugoslavia in 1949, and received a thorough grounding in
Marxism and the principles of ________ (dialect) materialism.
8. Can you make up a(n) ________ (four) for tennis tomorrow?
9. These wonderful books ________ (capsule) moments in history in truly unforgettable ways .
10. Proposals to protect the right of mentally ________ (capacity) people to be involved in important
decisions about their life have been published by the government.
11. Authorities in the US state of Michigan have charged a taxi driver with six counts of murder after he
went on a random shooting spree on Saturday. Jason Brian Dalton, 45, remained ________
(express) as the charges were read in court on Monday.
12. Around 40% of jobseekers have been without work for more than one year, the report says,
running "significant risks of ________ (moral), loss of self-esteem and mental health problems"
13. A former migrant has returned home to Senegal after becoming ________ (heart) with life as an
illegal migrant in Spain. After six years, Babacar Dialor Faye never got his legal documents and
had to live on ________ (hand) from the Red Cross.
14. Kids have become ________ (sense) to violence. Someone's been shot, and kids are playing
up and down the streets on their bikes, because they're used to seeing it and that's also what you
see in a war zone.
15. Parents often favor one child over another and, at its worst, parental________ (favour) can be
one of the most profound and damaging emotional dynamics a child ever encounters. It can affect
the rest of their lives.
16. When Emma was widowed in 1879, she decided to leave her home in Koblenz, Germany, to
start ________ (new) in Glasgow, and settled in the city by 1881.
17. Anti-terrorism police patrol units are to be introduced across London boroughs. This tactic was
endorsed by Lord Harris in his review of London's ________ (prepare) for a terror attack,
commissioned by the mayor.
18. Reports of memory loss with long-term cannabis use are nothing new, and an influential paper
published last year provided evidence that smoking marijuana has a(n) ________ (delete) effect
on intelligence.
19. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis and is what
causes the subjective "high". This includes changes in ________ (perceive) sensations, a feeling of
________ (content) and increased appetite .
20. Cyanide ________ (toxic) is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5–3.5 milligrams per
kilogram of body weight .
21. She has become increasingly ________ (opinion) and verbalises her opinions forcefully without
any insight into their effect on others.
23. ________ who want to fund the restoration of a derelict arts centre in Cheltenham have pleaded
with other bidders to let it become community-run (benefit)
24. He was a bad influence on the child, who was at a(n) ________ (impress) age.
25. Membership talks were launched in 2005, but progress has been slow, as several EU states have
serious ________ about Turkish EU membership. (give)
26. He has such great power and yet talked with such ________(humble). There aren’t many people
in politics who are as charismatic as President Obama.
27. For many people Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is the most influential figure in the history of
western classical music. His extraordinary talent was already clearly evident as a young man,
________ (mercy) surviving a somewhat unconventional upbringing during which his eccentric
father would often force him to take music lessons in the middle of the night.
28. How often have you seen rich people take to the stress, shouting that they are earning too much?
Protesters are typically blue-collar workers yelling that the minimum page has to go up, or that
their jobs should not go overseas. Concern about ________ (fair) is always ________(symmetry),
stronger in the poor than the rich. And the ________ (lie) emotions are not as ________(loft) as
the ideal itself. Children become thoroughly________ (indignation) as the slightest discrepancy in,
say, the size of their slice of pizza compared to their sibling’s.
29. Many teachers expressed serious ________ (give) about the new tests.
30. The price of property in the city is ________ (prohibit)
31. ________ is an economic theory which states that a progressively greater level of consumption is
beneficial to the consumers. (consume)
32. If your credit card debt is mounting and yet you can't stop spending, you could be a
________(shop).
33. The number of people suffering from shopping addiction has . ________ (TAKE) the number of
drug and drink addicts combined.
34. Everyone has heard of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; few of his son Franz Xaver. A new CD
collection ________ (title) The Other Mozart celebrates Franz's music - in all its haunting,
________ (melancholy) innocence. The 27 songs are brief slivers of ideas, ________ (develop)
shadows of what might have been, reaching a beautiful fulfillment in the later works. But it is clear
that the music never reaches the heights of his genius father. Franz was the youngest of Mozart's
children, and his mother's hopes and ambitions focused on him following the ________ (mature)
death of his father. The very best teachers were automatically available to Franz's, who made his
public debut as a singer, aged five. The songs bring to light Franz's ________. (piano)
accomplishments; the piano parts are extremely demanding. The songs hint at Franz's love for a
woman; they speak time and again of unattainable love and ________ (fulfil) longing.
________ (realist), however, the fact remains that this music, had it been written by a composure of
any other name, would probably have remained buried in the archives.
35. The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major ________ (urban)
36. When you're on a cross-country flight, it's tough to tolerate the ________ crying of a baby. (cease)
37. Our ________ mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of. (conscious)
38. They were now faced with seemingly ________ technical problems (mount).
39. The report should distinguish clearly between ________ fact, firm opinion and mere speculation
(dispute)
40. They have become ________, with both sides refusing to compromise any further. (reconcile)
41. Finland’s metalworkers' union chief Riku Aalto has criticized government proposals to alter
nationwide labour conditions as ________and unprofessional (amateur).
42. His interpretation of the figures is far too ________ (simple)
43. The organization insists that it is ________ and does not identify with any one particular party
(politics)
44. The new regulations will be ________ for small businesses. (burden)
45 Solon replies that birds like peacocks are ________ in their beauty. (compare)
46. It is ________ to generalize from the results of a single experiment. (advise)
47. Try not to ________ to criticism (react)
48. He was confused and ________ and I didn't get much sense out of him. (cohere)
49. Gradually she began to notice one or two little ________ in his character. (perfect)
50. They’re concerned about the ________ of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (build)
51. Karen has always felt ________ by her famous elder sister. (shadow)
52. An increasing number of tests are available for detecting foetal ________ (normal).
53. He is currently standing trial for alleged ________ (practice)
54. All points on a circle are ________ (distant) from the centre.
55. The worsening situation forced the company to ________ (size) from 39 employees to 7.
56. The new version of the program comes with a much better user ________(face).
57. Who will be the main ________ of the cuts in income tax? (benefit)
58. The parents showed remarkable ________(bear) toward their defiant and unruly son.
59. A(n) ________(mean/menace) has been committed but the offender has not been caught.
60. I keep getting ________ (contrary) advice - some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell
me to put ice on it.
61. He gazed at her with ________ (smell) eyes, wishing she wasn't married.
62. He had a(n) ________ (rival) knowledge of south Arabian society, religion, law and customs.
63. The ship is an exact ________ (reply) of the original Golden Hind.
64. ________(provide) and expression as well as musical accompaniment of the exercises plays a
central role in the training programme of the Medau-Schule.
65. Ariadne herself personifies the passively courageous, endlessly ________(resource), and
________ (love) restorative element in every psyche.
66. ________ (brain) on creative tasks has been a major activity in the advertising business where it
began in the 1930s.
67. Abuses of the investigative process may ________(perceive) lead to abridgment of protected
freedoms
68. Their contributions to science have earned them a(n) ________ (last) place in history.
69. She appeared on television to make a(n) ________ (passion) plea for help.
70. No one will raise moral psychology of the question of obesity, for fear of sounding
________(passion) and ________(reaction).
71. We should take a more ________ (passion) view and consider the long-term effects of Briant's
work.
72. The solutions ________ (compass) a wide range of options to suit all tastes and pockets.
73. He was known to be a loud-mouthed, ________ (opinion) bigot.
74. The aim of the report is to ________ (lucid) the main points of the new regulations.
75. Some things are ________ (alien) true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and
houses prices rise
76. Jack tried to ________ (one) for his rudeness by sending her some flowers.
77. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who pledged to
________ (law) abortion altogether had been elected.
78. Tootle seems to be essentially a(n) ________ (caution) tale, warning the child to stay on the
narrow road of virtue.
79. The country's great influence in the world is ________ (proportion) to its relatively small size.
80. In the US, a school ________ (intend) is in charge of the schools in a particular area.
81. The demonstrators ________ (brand) banners and shouted slogans.
82. He has a(n) ________(can) knack of being able to see immediately where the problem lies.
83. Mick was stubborn and ________ (dominate) with a very bad temper.
84. My profession had an important influence in the formation of my character and ________
(temper).
85. The final whistle was greeted with ________ (triumph) cheers from players and spectators.
86. She has never traced back her ________ (line), but believes her grandparents were from
Aberdeenshire.
87. She was a devout Catholic and, so far as I am aware, ________ (assail/salient) morally.
88. In the field of ________ (diet), standards of practice have been developed for practitioners in the
field.
89. I am afraid I have quite a(n) ________ (incline) to retire on a pension.
90. A(n) ________ (reach) and comprehensive strategy, carefully integrated with broader plans for
health care reform, is required.
91. They're making efforts to streamline their normally ________(cumber) bureaucracy.
92. Trading can be characterized as a pure, ________ (cumber) personal choice with an immediate
outcome.
93. He's ________(centre), ________(manipulate), insensitive; classic signs of a personality
problem.
94. Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all ________
(know).
95. Some say he was reborn as an undead god, others that he was simply a(n) ________ spirit.
96. This book is about people who claim to have ________ (normal) abilities such as ESP and mind-
reading.
97. The refugees slept in ________ (shift) tents at the side of the road.
98. The inheritance of ________ (mode) company structures from the past, reinforced by further
concentration, produced very rigid company organisation.
99. In the ________ (mingle) of news and commercials we have a struggle of sorts between two
different orientations.
100. Two hijackers used fake explosives to _______ (command) the airliner.

PRACTICE TEST 3
A. There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. Such is the pressure heaped on
many school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents that these 1_______ (real)
expectations are causing children to become hopelessly depressed. Indeed, some, in their 2_______
(despair) to escape and their sense of guilt at being unable reach the levels of success demanded of
them by their 3_______ (push) parents, either rebel in what is 4_______ (amount) to a cry for help, or,
worse still, engage in 5_______ (harm). It is no coincidence that suicide rates, expecially amongst
young males, have been rising steadily for some time now. These are tough times to be a teen.
Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the 6 _______ (virtue) world becomes their
reality. For these teens, their social circle shrinks 7_______ (drama) until, at last, their friendship
sphere is limited solely to their online 8_______ (bud). Not alone do they commonly suffer from sleep
9_______ (private) on account of their destructive addiction to game play and net-surfing, their
behaviour may become so 10 _______ (err) and peculiar over time as to be considered 11_______
(social) . And while they sit at their computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation from the real
world, such is the lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far exceeds what is necessary for
them to maintain a stable weight. In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their weight 12_______
(rocket) until such time as they become morbidly obese.

B. The standard of television programming produced in this country is in terminal decline. The
1_______ (shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its 2_______ (apply) to 3_______ (go)
days when adult content felt the full force of censorship and was not allowed to appear on the box until
after 9:00 p.m. Nowadays, however, it seems anything goes any time. And, truth told, whatever
anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much longer than a half hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted
by a commercial break. And don't even get me started on those appalling 4_______ (inform) most of
the networks run right the way through the night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at a time. lt
is truly painful. Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am concerned, a laughing stock. All the quality
has been bought up by the satellite networks, with their big-money weight behind them, but even here
5_______ (pick) are slim. In protest at the dire state of things, I have become a converted 6_______
(net). I look to the web now to find good content. There, I can find just enough 7_______ (run) of
quality programmes to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the good old days of
8_______ (year).

C. In January 2001, the 1_______ (govern) Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its latest report
on climate change. Climate models worked out by giant super-computers had become far more
reliable since the previous report in 1995 and allowed them to 2_______ (praise) the earlier
projections for global warming. Their conclusions were that something very serious is happening and
that it cannot be a natural process. The 1990s was the hottest decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is
warming faster than at any time in the last 10,000 years. According to the report, human activities are
3_______ (equivocate) to blame for the temperature rise. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon
dioxide and, due to deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas and recycle it back into
oxygen. Methane 4_______ (concentrate) have also gone up dramatically because of increases in rice
culture and 5_______ (cattle), both of which generate methane from 6_______ (compose) vegetation.
These greenhouses gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise. In
the worst case, the resulting melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea levels to rise by up to
88 cm, endangering the homes and 7_______ (lively) of tens of millions of people who live in low-
lying regions.
Unfortunately, there is far greater 8_______ (unanimous) among the world’s scientists over the issue
than among politicians. As long ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a 60% reduction in carbon
dioxide 9_______ (emit), as the basic level required to return the planet’s climate to a healthy level.
Governments globally failed to 10_______ (act) these proposals. Now that the dangers have been
reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high time that governments took an active interest in exploring
alternative, renewable energy sources.

D. People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to their psychological health, so it isn't
particularly remarkable that most of us try to protect and enhance it in ourselves whenever possible.
What is remarkable is that attention to self-esteem has become a(n) 1_______ (commune) concern, at
least for Americans, who see a favorable opinion of oneself as the central psychological source from
which all manner of positive outcomes spring. The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the root of
individual and thus 2_______ (society) problems and 3_______ (function), has sustained an
ambitious social agenda for decades. Indeed, campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth abound.
Consider what transpired in California in the late 1980s. Prodded by State Assemblyman John
Vasconcellos, Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-esteem and personal and
social responsibility. Vasconcellos argued that raising selfesteem in young people would reduce crime,
teen pregnancy, drug abuse, school 4_______ (achieve) and pollution. At one point, he even
expressed the hope that these efforts would one day help balance the state budget, a prospect
predicated on the observation that people with high 5_______ (regard) earn more than others and
thus pay more in taxes. Along with its other activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to
survey the relevant literature. The results appeared in a 1989 volume 6_______ (title) The Social
Importance of Self-Esteem, which stated that "many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing
society have roots in the low selfesteem of many of the people who make up society." In reality, the
report contained little to support that assertion.

E. An emerging discipline called neuroaesthetics is seeking to bring scientific 1_______

(objective) to the study of art, and has already given us a better understanding of many 2_______
(master). The blurred 3_______ (image) of Impressionist paintings seems to stimulate the brain's
amygdala, for instance. Since the amygdala plays a crucial role in our feelings, that finding might
explain why many people find these pieces so 4_______ (move).
Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces, from Mondrian's
geometrical blocks of colour, to Pollock's 5_______(seem) haphazard arrangements of splashed paint
on canvas? 6_______ (sceptical) believe that people claim to like such works simply because they are
famous. We certainly do have an inclination to follow the crowd. When asked to make simple
7_______ (perceive) decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example, people
often choose a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the same. It is easy to imagine that
this 8_______ (mental) would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art appreciation, where
there is no right or wrong answer.

F. Pop art was a(n) 1_______ (convention) art style in which 2_______ (common) objects such as
comic strips, soup cans and road signs were used as subject matter, and were often incorporated into
the work. The pop art movement was largely a British and American cultural phenomenon of the late
1950s and ‘60s. Art critic Lawrence Alloway, referring to the prosaic 3_______ (icon) of its painting and
sculpture, named the movement pop art. It represented an attempt to return to a more objective and
4_______ (universe) accepted form of art after the dominance in both the United States and Europe
of the highly personal abstract 5_______ (express). The art form was iconoclastic, rejecting the
6_______ (supreme) of the ‘high art’ of the past and the 7_______ (pretend) of other contemporary
avant-garde art. Pop art became a cultural institution because of its close reflection of a particular
social situation and because its easily 8_______ (comprehend) images were immediately exploited
by the mass media. Although the critics of pop art describe it as sensational and non-aesthetic, its
proponents saw it as an art that was democratic and not 9_______ (discriminate), bringing together
both connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though public reaction to pop art was
10_______ (favour), it found critical acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly technological,
mass media-oriented society of western countries.

G. The comedy Bringing Up Baby, on the other hand, presents practically non-stop dialogue delivered
at 1_______ (neck) speed. This use of dialogue 2_______ (score) not only the dizzy quality of the
character played by Katherine Hepburn, but also the 3_______ (absurd) of the film itself and thus its
humor. The audience is bounced from gag to gag and conversation to conversation; there is no time
for audience reflection. The audience is caught up in a(n) 4_______ (wind) of activity in simply
managing to follow the plot. This film presents pure 5______ (escape) - largely due to its frenetic
dialogue.

MORE EXERCISES: WORD FORM

1. Give the correct form of the words in brackets to fill in the blanks.
Dark black clouds in a dull sky meant one thing and one thing only: there was going to be a (1.thunder)
….. Not one of us had brought an umbrella, or even a (2.rain)……. So when Jack suggested we
should go to a museum, we all agreed immediately. As we had been (3. shop)………all morning we
were now feeling very tired, it would be a (4. pleasant)………...to sit down. We took a bus and arrived
just as large shops of rain were beginning to fall.
The museum was quite (5.desert)……and very peaceful. We sat down in the main hall and listened to
the rain (6. beat)…….against the windows.
Suddenly, there was a great (7. disturb)……..at the (8. enter)……… a large party of schoolboys were
(9. lead) ………in by a teacher. The poor man was trying to keep them quiet and threatening to punish
them, but they did not pay the (10.slight)……. attention.
2. Complete the following passage by supplying the correct form of the word to fill in each
blank.
The increase in city crime is a global phenomenon. Some people say that a lot of crime in this
country is because of (1 - migrate)____ and the new people arriving from other countries bring
different (2 - culture) ____ values and attitudes to the law. I don’t agree with this idea because the
most common crimes are (3 - local) ____ produced and not imported from other countries. (4 -
Vandal) ____ is one of the biggest crimes in my city with bus shelters and shop windows being
popular targets. Another popular crime is (5 - pay) ____ parking fines, which is unlikely to be because
of immigrants because most of them do not own cars. The (6 - oppose)
____ point of view is that young local people feel angry when they can’t get a job and in order to (7 -
hand) ____ the change in their environment, they strike out at easy targets. This would explain why
bicycle (8 - thief) ____ is more common than car crime these days, especially in rich (9 - neighbors)
____ where most cars are protected with electronic alarms. Another reason, though, for so many
bicycles getting stolen might be that the (10 - punish) ____ is not very severe compared to car
stealing which can land you in prison for a number of years.
3. Put the correct form of the words in brackets. Write your answer in the box.
AUTUMN COLORS
A new term is rapidly gaining recognition in the American language - a 'leaf peeper' is someone
who, in autumn, is on the __outlook_ (1. LOOK) for areas where the leaves of deciduous trees have
changed colour. In New England, in the USA, 'leaf peeping' is big business, generating millions of
dollars annually. The first report that leaves are changing colour sets off an __invasion_ (2. INVADE)
of 'peepers' thus causing serious obstruction on some roads. Thousands of people log on to websites
in their _eagerness_ (3. EAGER) to find the location of the trees that have foliage in the most
__glorious_ (4. GLORY)colours. The popularity of 'leaf tourism' is well established in New England,
and the changing colours of autumn provide an annual _talking_ (5. TALK) point. The colours vary
from year to year since the _intensity_ (6. INTENSE) of the colour is __dependent(7. DEPEND) on
the chemical composition of the dying leaves. After a long dry summer, leaves often turn bright red,
while cloudy autumn days will produce less spectacular yellows. If climate change leads to
_increasingly_ (8. INCREASE) hot, dry summers in the northern hemisphere, then countries in
Europe can expect summers not _unlike_ (9. LIKE) those across the Atlantic. They will then enjoy a
kaleidoscope of _seasonal__ (10. SEASON)colour to rival the deep reds and blazing oranges seen in
New England.
.5. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that 1. (organic)
regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not 2. (alphabet)
be confused with minerals, which are ___(1)___ in their makeup. Although in general the
naming of vitamins followed the ___(2)___order of their ___(3)___, the nomenclature of 3. (identify)
individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and ___(4)___. Among the 13 4. (organize)
vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces
sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily
diet. Although each vitamin has its specific ___(5)___ and cannot be replaced by another 5. (designate)
compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack
of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.
The best way for an individual to ___(6)___ a necessary supply of vitamins is to
maintain a balanced diet that includes a ___(7)___ of foods and provides adequate 6. (sure)
quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in 7. (vary)
the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are ___(8)___ to those in food, but 8. (equal)
an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion 9. (balance)
of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to 10. (Specify)
___(9)___diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a
therapeutic measure in medical treatment. ___(10)___, caution must be exercised with
fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they
may present a serious health hazard over a period of time.
6: Put each word in brackets into an appropriate form.
People are often put off meditation by what they see as its many mystical associations. Yet meditation
is a (1. STRAIGHT) _____ technique which merely involves sitting and resting the mind.In addition to
its (2. SIMPLE) ______, meditation offers powerful help in the battle against stress. Hundreds of
studies have shown that meditation, when undertaken in a principled way, can (3. REDUCTION)
______ hypertension which is related to stress in the body. Research has proved that certain types of
meditation can (4. SUBSTANCE) ______ decrease key stress symptoms such as (5. ANXIOUS)
______and irritability.In fact, those who practise meditation with any (6. REGULAR) ______see their
doctors less and spend, on average, seventy per cent fewer days in hospital. They are said to have
more stamina, a happier (7. DISPOSE)______ and even enjoy better relationships.
When you learn to meditate, your teacher will give you a personal 'mantra' or word which you use
every time you practise the technique and which is (8. SUPPOSE) ______chosen according to your
needs. Initial classes are taught (9. INDIVIDUAL)______ but subsequent classes usually consist of a
group of students and take place over a period of about four days. The aim is to learn how to slip into
a deeper state of (10.CONSCIOUS) ______ for twenty minutes a day. The rewards speak for
themselves. key:
7: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered spaces provided in the space
provided under this part
Antonio Vivaldi, an Italian composer and a violinist, was the most (1) ____ (INFLUENCE) of his age.
He was born March 4, 1678, in Venice, and was trained by his father, a violinist at Sa Mark’s
Cathedral. (2) ____ (ORDAIN) a priest in 1703, Vivaldi began teaching that year at the Ospedaledella
Pietà, a (3) _____ (CONSERVE) for orphaned girls. He was associated with the Pietà, usually as
music (4) ____ (DIRECT), until 1740, training the students, composing concertos and oratorios for
(5)_____ (WEEK) concerts, and meanwhile establishing an international reputation. From 1713 on,
Vivaldi was also (6) _____ (ACT) as an opera composer and producer in Venice and traveled to
Rome, Mantua, and (7) _____ (ELSE) to oversee performances of his operas. In about 1740 he
accepted a position at the court of Empire Charles VI in Vienna. He died in Vienna on July 28, 1741.
Vivaldi’s concertos provided a model for this genre throughout Europe, affecting the style even of his
older contemporaries. Vivaldi was the first composer who (8) ____ (CONSISTENT) used the ritornello
form that became standard for the fast movements of concertos. The ritornello was a section that
recurred in (9) _____ (DIFFER) keys and was played by the full orchestra. It alternated with soloist-
dominated sections (episodes) that in his works were often virtuosic in character. He virtually
established the three-movement format for the concerto and was among the first to introduce
cadenzas for soloists. His opus 8 concertos entitled The Four Seasonsare early examples of (10) ____
(ORCHESTRA) program music. Like much of his music, they are marked by vigorous rhythms and
strong contrasts.
8: For questions 40 – 45, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space
provided in the column on the right. There is an example at the beginning (0).
As part of the ‘Facebook generation’, we have grown up in a world Your answers where access
to the internet is constantly at our fingertips and we’re able 0. increasingly to connect with people
at the touch of a button. Nowadays, it’s become (0) _______ (INCREASE) common to offer guests
the wifi password along with a cup of tea when they come round to visit. We have become
1.________________ addicted to our smartphones.
 Of course, smartphones are (40) _______ (DENY) useful and have 2. _______________
revolutionised our lives in so many ways. Thanks to thousands of apps 3.________________
available to download, we’re now able to do almost anything when we’re 4.________________
out and about. However, it seems a shame that these addictive pieces of
technology are slowly beginning to take over our lives. It’s so easy to
become (41) ______ (DEPEND) on our phones, whether it’s to find your
way around with the map application or even just check the time. As a
5.________________
result we’re becoming more (42) _______ (SOCIABLE), choosing to
consult the internet rather than talk (43) _______ (FACIAL) with other 6.________________
human beings.
Even when we’re socialising, it seems most of us struggle without our
phones at arm’s reach. Phones were invented to keep us more connected,
and indeed they have done just that. We can now get in contact by an
endless list of social media outlets, yet this means we’re starting to lack
genuine contact with each other. People are connecting more and more
across screens rather than in person, even when it comes to relationships -
dating apps and websites are more popular than ever before. Recently, an
artist released a series of images (44) _______ (DEPICTION) people in
social situations and edited out their smartphones and tablets. The result
was a collection of powerful images that have, perhaps (45) _______
(IRONY), gone viral. They force people to wake up to the fact that we are
no longer interacting properly with each other.

9. Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the number space provided in the column
on the right. (0) has been done as an example
Example: 0: willingly
We are the only animal that chooses what it will look like. True, the chameleon changes color-
but not (0. WILLING) willingly________. Unlike us, it doesn’t get up in the morning and ask itself,
“What shall I look like today?”, but we can and do. Indeed, the (1.ANTIQUE) _________ of body
decoration points to the conclusion that it is a key factor in our development as the (2.DOMINATE)
_________ life-form on our planet. No human society has ever been found where some form of body
decoration is not the norm.
By (3.CUSTOM) _________ their physical appearance, our ancestors distanced themselves
from the rest of the animal (4.KING) _________. Within each tribe this helped them to mark out
differences of role, status and (5.KIN) _________. Our ancestors developed (6.ORDINARY)
_________ techniques of body decoration for (7.PRACTICE) _________ reasons. How to show where
on tribe ends and another begins? How to memorably underline the (8.SIGNIFY) _________ of that
moment when an individual becomes an adult member of society? (9.ARGUE) _________, without the
expressive capabilities of such “body language” we would have been (10. FINITE) _________ less
successful as a species. KEY:
10. Give the correct form of the word in each of the following brackets.
It was not so long ago that we dealt with colleagues through face-to-face (1. INTERACT)
______ and with counterparts and customers by phone or letter. But the world of communication has
undergone a dramatic transformation, not for all the good. Email, while (2. DOUBT) _____ a swift
means of communication providing your server is fully (3.FUNCTION) ______ and that the address
you have contains no (4. ACCURATE) _____ has had a (5. SIGNIFY) _____ effect on certain people’s
behaviour, both at home and business. For those people, the use of email has become irresistibly (6.
ADDICT) _____ to the extent that it is (7. THREAT) _____ their mental and physical health. Addicts
spend their day (8. COMPULSION) _____ checking for email and have a (9. TEND) ______ to panic if
their server goes down. It is estimated that one in six people spend four hours a day sending and
receiving messages, the equivalent to more than two working days a week. The negative effect on (10.
PRODUCE) ________ is something employers are well aware of.
 11. Read the text and use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a
word that fits in the space in the same line.
Margaret started English Literature this term, and I’m afraid that her (1) INTRODUCE
…………… to the subject has not bee entirely (2) SUCCESS …………….. She has not show much
enthusiasm and does not always pay (3) ATTEND……......… in class. Her assignments are often (4)
READ…......… , because she is so untidy, and because of her (5) FAIL.....… to check her work
thoroughly. She failed to do any (6) REVISE ...…...… before the end of term test, and had poor results.
She seems to have the (7) MISTAKE ……....… idea that she can succeed without studying. She has
also had many (8) ABSENT..…......… and has frequently arrived late for class. This has resulted in
several (9) PUNISH…...... . Although Margaret is a
(10) GIFT ...…..… student in some respects, she has not had a satisfactory term.
12. Give the correct form of the word in each of the following brackets.
It was not so long ago that we dealt with colleagues through face-to-face (1. INTERACT) and
with counterparts and customers by phone or letter. But the world of communication has undergone a
dramatic transformation, not for all the good. Email, while (2. DOUBT) a swift means of
communication providing your server is fully(3.FUNCTION) and thattheaddressyou have contains
no (4. ACCURATE) has had a (5. SIGNIFY) effect on certain people’s behaviour, both at home and
business. For those people, the use of email has become irresistibly (6. ADDICT) to the extent that it
is (7. THREAT) their mental and physical health. Addicts spend their day (8. COMPULSION) checking
for email and have a (9.TEND)
topaniciftheirservergoesdown.Itisestimated thatoneinsixpeoplespendfourhoursadaysending and
receiving messages, the equivalent to more than two working days a week. The negative effect on
(10.PRODUCE) issomethingemployersarewellawareof.
13: Give the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the blank space. Write your
answers in the numbered boxes below.
The increase in city crime is a global phenomenon. Some people say that a lot of crime in this
country is because of (1 - migrate) ______ and the new people arriving from other countries bring
different (2 - culture) ______ values and attitudes to the law. I don’t agree with this idea because the
most common crimes are (3 - local) ______ produced and not imported from other countries. (4 -
Vandal) ______ is one of the biggest crimes in my city with bus shelters and shop windows being
popular targets. Another popular crime is (5 - pay) ______ parking fines, which is unlikely to be
because of immigrants because most of them do not own cars. The (6 - oppose) ______ point of view
is that young local people feel angry when they can’t get a job and in order to (7 - hand) ______ the
change in their environment, they strike out at easy targets. This would explain why bicycle (8 - thief)
______ is more common than car crime these days, especially in rich (9 - neighbors) ______ where
most cars are protected with electronic alarms. Another reason, though, for so many bicycles getting
stolen might be that the (10 - punish) ______ is not very severe compared to car stealing which can
land you in prison for a number of years.
14: Supply the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets to complete the passage. Write
your answers in the numbered table below. (0) has been done as an example.
18,000 years ago, much of Europe (0) ________(lie) (1)________(bury) beneath vast sheets of ice,
hundreds of metres thick. Ever since this astonishing fact (2)_______(discover) in the last century,
scientists (3) ________(speculate) on the nature of the Ice Age climate, and the circumstances that
brought it to an end.
More recently, people (4) ________(wonder) if climatic changes could (5)________(take) place in
our own time. During the early 1970s there (6)_______(be) disastrous droughts in Africa, and frequent
failures of Indian monsoon. In 1976, Europe sweltered in the hottest summer for over a century, and
(7)_______(experience) one of the worst droughts since records began. Could such events as these
be symptoms of a worldwide climatic shift?
Even small changes in climate that (8)________(occur) from time to time can have a highly
damaging effect on agriculture. With food reserves now (9)________ (stand) at only a few per cent of
annual production, the world is extremely vulnerable (10) ________(adverse) shifts in climate. It is
therefore vitally important for us to understand how climate changes take place.
15. Read the text below. Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
 JUDO
Judo is a sport that has achieved great popularity in many parts of the world. It was (1.
origin) ……………………developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-
defence. There are two (2. fight) ……………………Although they use physical (3. violent)
……………………against each other, they are respectful to their (4. oppose) ……………………and
bow to each other before and after each contest. Judo is an (5. expense) ……………………sport to
take up because the only equipment you need is the special loose-fitting suit. It is very suitable for (6.
young) ……………………if they join a club where the (7.instruct) ……………………are properly
qualified and pay enough attention to safety. Although Judo is a physically (8. demand)
……………………sport which requires a lot of (9. strong) ……………………practice, and skill, there
are many people who find it (10. enjoy) ……………………as a means of relaxation in their spare time.
16. Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in the
column on the right. (0) has been done as an example
According to some (0) _____ (SCIENCE), high-risk sports can be particularly (1) scientists
_____ (VALUE) for certain types of people. Such activities help them to learn that 1. ________________
being (2) _____ (FRIGHT) doesn’t mean that they have to lose control. The recent 2. ________________
fashion for jumping from bridges attached to a (3) _____ (LONG) of elastic rope, 3. ________________
known as “bungee jumping”, has now been tried by over one million people (4) 4. ________________
_____ (WORLD) and interest in it is continuing to grow. 5. ________________
Before the special elastic rope (5) _____ (TIGHT) around them, jumpers reach 6. ________________
speeds of nearly 160kph. First-timers are usually too (6) _____ (TERROR) to open 7. ________________ their
mouths, and when they are finally (7) _____ (LOW) safely to the ground, they 8. ________________ walk
around with broad smiles on their faces, saying (8) _____ (REPEAT) how 9. ________________
amazing it was. However, for some people, it is only the (9) _____ 10. ________________
(EMBARRASS) of refusing to jump at the last minute that finally persuades them to
conquer their fear of (10) _____ (HIGH) and push themselves off into space.
17. Supply the correct FORM of the word in capital letters. Write your answers on your
answer sheet.
Before going to an interview, it is advisable to go through a mock interview. This will give you the
opportunity to try out your technique and answers live. It is also a chance to receive feedback that is
(1. BENEFIT) __________ in guiding you towards improving your interview style and general (2.
PRESENT) __________. Just one mock interview will result in a (3. NOTICE) ______ improvement in
your interview skill. Why? For the same reason that a (4. SPEAK) _______doesn’t exist while it is still
on paper or floating in your head. It only exists when you give it (5. ORAL)_______. The first time you
give it in front of an audience, it will come out nothing like the one you prepared.
It is the same with being interviewed. It is not enough to look at a question and say, ‘Yeah, I
know the answer to that one.’ You need to practise your answer live; this is not the time to talk to
yourself in front of a mirror. Seek out a (6. PROFESSION) _______and have the session videotaped.
Then you will have two opinions – the interview’s and your own. You will find you get a completely
different (7. IMPRESS)________ when listening to yourself than when you are watching yourself
saying something. Just as your voice always sounds different on tape, so do your (8. RESPOND)
_______. You will be glad the image is captured on tape and not in a potential employer’s mind. For
maximum effect, you should (9. VISIT)________ your answers and go through a second mock
interview. This should help with any (10.
EASE)________ and give you more confidence for the real interview. KEY:
18.Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
Forests from an integral component of the (1. SPHERE)_______ are essential to the (2.
STABILITY)_______ of global climate and the management of water and land. They are home for (3.
COUNT)_______ plants and animals that are vital elements of our life-supporting systems, as well as
for millions of forest (4. DWELL)_______ . They provide goods for direct (5. CONSUME)_______
(including recreational activities) and land for food production. They also represent capital when
converted to shelter and (6. FRASTRUCTURE)_______ .
The two main types of forests are tropical, which are rich in (7. DIVERSITY)_______ and
valuable tropical (8. WOOD)_______ and temperate, which serve as the world’s primary source of
industrial wood. The temperate forests (1.5 billion hectares) can be found mainly in developed
countries, whereas the tropical forests (both moist and dry, (9. TOTAL)_______ about 1.5 billion ha
each) stretch across the developing world. Two thirds of the tropical moist forests are in Latin America,
with the (10. REMAIN)_______ split between Africa and Asia; three-quarters of the tropical dry forests
are in Africa.
19. Use the word in capitals at the end of these sentences to form a word that fits in the blank
space.
One (1. CHARACTER)________ of the modern world is that people increasingly find
themselves living side by side with people from other cultures. While in the past people with different
cultures were able to live quite (2. SEPARATE)________ , high mobility and freedom of movement
mean that we are more likely today to be confronted with people whose way the life is (3.
FAMILIAR)________ to us. In such circumstances, (4. RACE)________ is a real danger.
People feel a tremendous (5. LOYAL)________ to their own culture, and are often unwilling to develop
an (6. APPRECIATE)________ of the positive aspects of other cultures. They may feel that another
culture presents a threat to their own (7. INHERIT)________, one that could even lead to the (8.
APPEAR)________ of certain aspects of their way of life. Often, however, this threat is more a matter
of (9. PERCEIVE)________ than reality and different groups live in (10.
RELATE)________ harmony in many parts of the world.
20. Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage.
From what we had read in the (1. ADVERTISE)________, it promise to be the holiday of a
lifetime – not only a quality hotel in a top (2. SEA)_________ resort, but also (3.
SURPRISE)_________ cheap with it! We should have known it was too good to be true! We arrived at
the airport to discover we only had 4. STAND)_________ tickets and there was no guarantee we
would be flying. Luckily, two places became free at the last minute and we took off. The flight lasted at
least (5. TWO)_________ as long as it should have and by the time we arrived, we were both feeling
rather (6. POOR)_________ , probably because of the dubious inflight meal we had had. We were met
by our guide, who seemed (7. LANGUAGE)_________ incompetent and understood very little of what
we said to him. Instead of the hotel we had seen in thephotograph back home, he took us to a squalid
little guesthouse much (8. FAR)_________ away from the resort than we were expecting. We wanted
to explain that there had been a (9. DREAD)_________ mistake but it was (10. USE)_________ trying
to complain – nobody could understand us.
21. Sử dụng từ trong ngoặc ở dạng thích hợp nhất để điền vào các chỗ trống.
Shadow puppetry is a traditional art form that often goes (1. appreciate).......in modem times. A large
part of the (2. appealable).......of puppet shows is the (3. craft).......behind the creation of the actual
puppets. In shadow puppetry, on the other hand, the puppets remain (4. see)......., so the real artistry
is in the presentation. The combination of the puppets’ shape, the background screen, and the light
itself creates the overall effect of the shadow puppet show. The task of the director is to ensure these
elements are working together (5. harmony).......in order to produce the optimal experience for the
audience. The screen is the medium through which the audience experiences the performance, so
selecting the best screen is among great (6. essential)........ One unique challenge for the director is
that the presentation is two-dimensional. The screen is flat, so puppets can only move forwards and
backwards. Having chosen a screen and designed the set, the next step is to determine the light that
will be used. There are several factors to be considered: (7. intense)......., spread, and angle.
Therefore, finding the optimal (8. combine).......of light, shadow involves careful (9. plan)......and
scrupulous design. Every detail must be controlled in relation to others, making shadow puppetry an
art of (10. precise)....... KEY
Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following Answer 23: Use the word given
in capitals in brackets to form a word that fits in the space to complete the passage.
24. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Write your answers in the 25.

passage.
INTERNET JOBS 1. ……………………………..
Contrary to popular belief, one does not have to be a trained (1. PROGRAM)
to work online. Of course, there are plenty of jobs (2. AVAIL) for people with
high-tech computer skills, but the growth of new media has opened up a wide
2. ……………………………..
range of Internet career opportunities requiring only a (3. MINIMIZE) level of
technical (4. EXPERT). Probably one of the most well-known online job 3. ……………………………….
opportunities is the job of webmaster. However, it is hard to define one basic
job description for this (5. POSE). The (6. QUALIFY) and responsibilities 4. ……………………………..
depend on what tasks a (7. PART) organization needs a webmaster to
perform.
To (8. SPECIAL) the job description of a webmaster, one needs to identify the 5. …………………………..
hardware and software the website the webmaster will manage is running on.
Different type of hardware and software require different skill sets to manage 6. …………………………..
them. Another key factor is whether the website will be running internally (at
the firm itself) or externally (renting shared space on the company servers).
Finally, the responsibilities of a webmaster also depend on whether he or she 7. …………………………..
will be working (9. DEPEND), or whether the firm will provide people to help.
All of these factors need to be considered before one can create an accurate 8. …………………………..
webmaster job description. Webmaster is one type of Internet career requiring
(10. DEEP) knowledge of the latest computer applications.
9. …………………………..

10. …………………………

Complete the text by writing the correct form of the word in capitals. The first has been done as
an example.
In 1997 I went back to Beijing for the first time since the (0) disastrous (DISASTER) events of
1989. The Chinese (1)…………………… (AUTHORISE) had been reluctant to re-admit foreign
journalists who had witnessed the Tiananmen Square student protests. Even eight years later, it was
still (2)…………………… (PROBLEM) to get into the Square with a television camera, but we
managed it. I looked for the bullet holes on the steps of the central monument, but they had all been
expertly filled in; a faint discoloration perhaps, but almost (3)…………………… (PERCEIVE). The most
critical moment in Chinese history after Mao Zedong’s death seemed to have been entirely forgotten.
My time in China had given me an (4)…………………… (ENDUREANCE) interest in Chinese art, so I
decided to go to Liu Liu Chang, where for centuries there has been an antiquities market.
Unfortunately, many things for sale there nowadays are modern (5)…………………… (IMITATE).
Empty-handed and somewhat (6)…………………… (ILLUSION), I went into a tea house and sat
through the usual ceremony, but there were (7)………………… (IDENTIFY) differences here too: it
seemed quicker and the tea lacked that extraordinary lingering scent.
Thoroughly (8)…………………… (HEART), I returned to my hotel: one of the enormous, (9)
…………………… (FACE) places which have sprung up everywhere. Yet here, in a dark shop tucked
away off the lobby, my melancholy mood disappeared, for I met a (10)…………………… (SURVIVE)
from 1989, who remembered me instantly. Not everything had been entirely forgotten.
26. Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space.
Although still a relative (1. COME) ________________ to the world of high - performance sports cars,
General Autos has (2. GO)____________ quite a transformation since their first effort, the Xtreme,
attracted such (3. FAVOUR)______________ comment in the motoring
press, which led to disappointing sales. Their latest effort, the XR 1200
(4.CONVERT)_________________ went into, (5. PRODUCE)____________ last month, and I had
the chance to test - drive one. To say that the XR 1200 is better than the Xtreme is a huge (6.
STATE) _______________. Not only is it much better, it represents a (7.
REVOLT)______________ new approach to this class of car. From the seats to the angle of the
steering wheel, everything on this car is (8. ADJUST) __________, meaning that you can set the car
up to fit you perfectly. The engine, too, is easy to set up for maximum efficiency, with the help of
powerful dual (9. PROCESS) _____________ that monitor performance 1,000 times a second. Even
the bodywork incorporates state - of - the - art ideas, with a new durable material that should mean
that your XR 1200 (10. LAST) _____________ almost anything else on the road
27. Read the text below. Use the word given in CAPITALS to form a word that fits in the space.
There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
It is (0) …commonly…( COMMON) believed that a break from everyday routine can only do you good.
Every summer, you can spot prospective (1)________ (HOLIDAY) at airports and waiting for car
ferries. They are (2) ________(MISTAKE) - you can tell them a mile away by their sun hats and
hopeful expressions.
For all their optimism, what often actually happens can be a rude (3) ________(WAKE) from the
blissful holiday dreams of the rest of the year. Sunburn, mosquitoes and (4) ________( FORESEE)
expenses can make you think twice about how (5) ________(BENEFIT) getting away from it all really
is.
The fact is, the (6) ________(LIKELY) of something going wrong is maximised when you are abroad
and, (7) ________(FORTUNE), your ability to deal with crisis and catastrophe is often minimised. This
could be because of language problems, (8) ________( FAMILIAR) with the culture, or simply a
different climate, all of which make everything seem different and unreal. So, what is the answer? (9)
________(DOUBT), an annual escape from normal working life is a very positive thing. However, the
(10) ________(WISE) of seeking an exotic location is questionable when you think of al the things that
can go wrong. KEY:
28. Put the words in brackets into correct forms to complete the sentences.
DRUGS AND COMPUTERS
There is a new generation of young computer programmers hoping to become millionaires. To achieve
this, they have to work very hard and (1)_________ (STIMULATE) are what many of them rely on to
do so. Because they are so (2)_________ (AMBITION), they work long hours, up to 72 hours at a
time staying awake by using cocaine or speed. Often, they use a cocktail of drugs to (3)_________
(ABLE) them to do their jobs. However, this is extremely dangerous, and recently this way of life
claimed its first (4)_________ (FATAL).
A 26-year old programmer, who was doing well on the Internet, was on business in New York.
Unfortunately, due to a (5)_________ (CONCOCT) of alcohol, Valium and heroin he had taken, he
died. The doctor who did the post-mortem said that a close (6)_________ (EXAMINE) of the results
led him to believe that the toxic combination was (7)_________ (INDICATE) of longterm drug abuse.
Moreover, a lot of those who use drugs as an (8)_________ (ASSIST) to their work also resort to them
in their free time. They use drugs as uppers, but also as a way to (9)_________ (WIND). With such
high (10)_________ (EARN), they can afford whatever drugs they want. The problem is that they may
eventually pay the highest price – death.
29. Put each word in the right column in its correct form.
Speculative fiction is an umbrella phrase encompassing the more (1) ________________
fiction genres, specifically science fiction, fantasy, horror, superhero fiction, utopian and
dystopian 1. FAN fiction, (2) ________________ and post-apocalyptic fiction, and alternate
history in literature as well as related static, motion, 2. APOCALYPSE and virtual arts. It has
been around since humans began to speak. The earliest forms of
speculative fiction were likely (3) ________________ tales told around the
campfire. Speculative fiction deals with the "What if?" (4) _____________ imagined by 3.
MYTH dreamers and thinkers worldwide. Journeys to other worlds through 4. SCENE the
vast reaches of distant space; magical quests to free worlds
(5) _____________ by terrible beings; malevolent
(6) _____________ powers seeking to increase their spheres of 5. SLAVE influence across
(7) _____________ dimensions and times; all of 6. NATURE
these fall into the realm of speculative fiction. 7. MULTIPLICATION
Speculative fiction as a category ranges from ancient works to cutting
edge, paradigm-changing, and neotraditional works of the 21st
century. It can be recognized in works whose authors' intentions or the
social contexts of the versions of stories they portrayed is now known.
8. DRAMA
 For example, Ancient 9. FICTION
Greek (8) _____________ such as Euripides, whose play
Medea seemed to have offended Athenian audiences when he (9)
_____________ speculated that shamaness Medea killed her own
children instead of their being killed by other Corinthians after her 10. PLEASE
departure. The play Hippolytus, narratively introduced by Aphrodite, is
suspected to have (10) _____________
contemporary audiences of the day because it depicted Phaedra as too
lusty.
30. Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage.
Rebuilding Coventry Answers
In the late 30s, (1. ANALYSE)_______ knew that the centre of the historic town of 1. ___________
Coventry in the West Midlands needed to be redeveloped. Plans had to be (2. _
SHELF)______ when the Second World War started in 1939. However, the architects’ 2. ___________
opportunity (3. MATERIAL)______ when the city centre was practically destroyed _
during the war. Many buildings were (4. REPAIR) _____ damaged and demolition work
began. Aiming to create a much more (5. SPACE) ______ area for (6.
3. ___________
RESIDE)_______ to work and shop in, town planners came up with a radical idea. _
They would make the city more (7. INHABIT)_______ by (8. PEDESTRIAN) ______ 4. ___________
the centre, preventing cars entering. There were objections from local shopkeepers, _
who thought that it would have an impact on trade, but the planners went ahead. What 5. ___________
was once a (9. DENSE)________ populated area became a pleasant, attractive place _
to visit. It was a real 6. ___________
(10. ARCHITECT)_______ achievement, one that many British towns have emulated _
since.
7. ___________
32.Fill in each blank with the most suitable form of the word in brackets.(10
_
points)
Recently, researchers have been kept busy picking lettuces under cover of 8. ___________
darkness, but there is a perfectly reasonable explanation for this (1. APPEAR) bizarre _
experiment. Tests have shown that the vegetables picked at night stayed fresh (2. 9. ___________
CONSIDER) longer than those picked during the day, though the reason for this _
improved (3. LONG) is unclear. 10. ___________
Lunar gardeners claim to have known about the (4. BENEFIT) effects of
nocturnal vegetable management for years, and those gardeners who believe in
environmentally friendly organic methods see the idea of working with the moon’s influence as a
continuation of their principles. They claim to be following a tradition, long-established in various
parts of the world, of working in harmony with the moon’s (5.GRAVITY) pull. In England, lunar
gardening reached its zenith in the 16th century, but the vagaries of the (6. PREDICT) climate meant
that it survived only as part of an oral folklore tradition.
(7. CONFUSE), several different and sometimes contradictory systems are practised today.
Although all of them focus on the effects of moonlight and the moon’s pull on the
Earth’s water, the exact science remains controversial. There are some (8. HORTICULTURE) who
regard the ideas with (9. SCEPTIC). Others, however, are more encouraging and less (10.
DISMISS), and advocate further research, even though no discernible results have been forthcoming
in support of any particular theory.
33. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the
gaps in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example 0. CRAVINGS
 WHY YOU CAN’T SAY NO TO CERTAIN FOODS
Are you a chocoholic or a fast food addict? Don’t blame yourself – certain foods
can trigger an eating binge, but there are ways to control the 0.CRAVE
(0)……….. Even if you are a fairly disciplined eater, there are sure to be foods RESIST
you’ll have no (1) ………. to. For some it’s a bar of chocolate, for others a TRUE
burger. You probably think there’s no one to blame but your weakwilled self. But
the reassuring(2) ……… is that when it comes to controlling your junk food ADDICT
intake, the odds are heavily stacked against you. High-fat, high-sugar foods can OBESE
act like an DEPEND
(3) …………….. drug, making us crave even more of the same. In the States, EXPENSE
where (4) ……………rates are reaching epidemic proportions, there’s even a RESIST
group called Junk Food Anonymous, which aims to help people recover from
their (5) ……………. on synthetic or refined food. Fat is often added to food to
make it more palatable so it’s a good way of making (6) ……………, bland food ADULT
seem tastier. Another reason certain foods are so (7) ……………….. is that they INDULGE
have very real effect on our mood, making us feel more relaxed.
Our eating habits develop when we are young and as we move into ASSOCIATE

(8)……………. the chocolate that we were rewarded with as a young child

becomes a guilty (9) …………….
We might feel we’ve earned the right to treat ourselves after a hard day at work,
for example. Past (10) ………….. can reinforce bad eating habits that are
difficult to break free from.
34: Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap. There is an example at the
beginning (0).
Working at a theme park
Working as a Personal (0) Assistant (ASSIST) at a theme park can be a lot of fun. It can offer a varied
role and a friendly teamwork atmosphere, (1) (ACCORD) to Suzy Baines who has worked at one of
the largest in England for 15 years. Suzy is now PA to the theme park's Head of (2) (MARKET). As she
says, in her job, no two days are the same. "I can't imagine working anywhere else - it really is so
much fun. Apart from PA duties, I organize (3) (CONFER) and the (4) (PRESENT) our staff make at
them, and take the minutes in meetings. The staff here are a (5) (CREATE) bunch, and so I get
involved in the planning of new attractions. But my main job is to act as a (6) (COMMUNICATE). I
produce a weekly news-sheet for staff to keep them upto-date with all the latest (7) (DEVELOP). We
have around 550 permanent staff and a further 1,300 work here on a (8) (SEASON) basis during the
summer months. The people here are all like family and everybody (9) (GENUINE) cares about
everybody else. But if you are having a (10) (FRUSTRATE) day and things are getting on top of you,
there's no better cure than leaving everything and going for a ride on a rollercoaster!"
35. Supply the correct form of the words in bracket.
Life in extreme conditions
Until relatively recently, it was thought that heat and cold presented (1. MOUNT) ______ problems to
living organisms and that all life existed in a narrow range of (2. FAVOUR) _______ temperatures.
However, the discovery of extremophiles has forced a (3.ASSESS) _______ of that view.
Extremophiles are bacteria that survive, and even thrive, in (4.SEEM) ______ impossible conditions.
(5. PROBABLE) _______ as it may seem, some exist at temperatures exceeding 80 degree Celsius in
geysers and hot springs, while others live in the freezing conditions of the Antarctic (6.WILD) ______.
While most species of large animals are (7.THREAT) _______ by global warming, even to the point of
(8.EXTINCT) _______, that kind of (9.ECOLOGY) _______ change may actually benefit the
extremophiles. These (10.MYSTERY) _______ organisms may survive long after the human race.
36. Write the correct form of the word given
 We’ve all felt anger at sometime, whether as faint (0) annoyance (0) ANNOY
or blind rage. Anger is a normal, sometimes useful human
emotion, but uncontrolled outbursts of temper can be
(1) DESTROY
(1) ___________. “People who give free rein to their anger, (2)
__________ of the offence this may cause, haven’t learned to (2) REGRAD
express themselves constructively”, says Martin Smolik, who
runs weekend (3) _______ courses in anger management. “It is (3) RESIDENCE
important to maintain your (4) __________ and put your case in
an assertive, not aggressive, manner without hurting others. (4) COMPOSE
Being assertive doesn’t mean being pushy or demanding; it
means being (5) __________ of yourself and other people.” He (5) RESPECT
adds that people who are (6) _______ angered are intolerant of (6) EASY
frustration, (7) _________ or irritation and, not surprisingly, find (7) CONVENIENT
(8) ________ to other people very difficult. But what causes
(8) RELATE
people to behave like this? It seems there is evidence to support
the idea that some children may be born (9) __________ and
prone to anger and this tendency is sometimes apparent from a (9) IRRITATE
very early age. However, research also suggests that a person’s
family (10) ________ may have an influence. Very often, people (10) GROUND
who are quick-tempered come from disorganized and disruptive
families who find it difficult to express their emotions.

37. Complete the following sentences with the words given in the brackets. You have to
change the form of the word.
King of the Watchmakers
For a period of its history, the city of Coventry had a considerable reputation as the main center of
clock and watch-making in Britain, and Coventry timepieces made then were (1) (SYNONYM)
__________________ with both quality and (2) (RELY) _________________. Few people in the city
today will have heard of Samuel Watson, but he almost (3) (HAND) __________________ paved the
way for Coventry’s involvement in the clock and watch business. He was at the (4) (FRONT)
__________________ of the watch-making revolution in the 1680s, and although it is not known how
Watson became involved in the trade, he was a trailblazer for others. Watson made his name in 1682
when he sold a clock to King Charles II and was invited to be the King’s (5) (MATHEMATICS)
__________________. The following he began work on an astronomical clock for the King, complete
with planets and signs of the zodiac, which took seven years to build. It not only told the time of day
but also the (6) (POSITION) _________________ changes of the planets. Queen Mary acquired it in
1691 and it is still in the (7) (OWN) __________________ of the Royal Family. He built several other
clocks, and by 1690 the clamour for Watson’s clocks was such that he left Conventry and took up (8)
(RESIDE) __________________ in London. He became Master of the London Clockmakers’
Company in 1692, which is testament to his (9) (STAND) _________________ in the growing industry.
In 1712, Samuel Watson’s name disappears from the records of the
London Clockmakers’ Company, and the (10) (LIKELY) ________________
is that he died in that year.
38. Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following
passage. PARTICIPATE
A Mexican cookery course EXPERT
On holiday last year my two travelling companions and I joined a day’s SKILL
cookery course in a Mexican restaurant. There were eight
EXPLAIN
(1)………, all keen to learn the secrets of the nation’s cuisine. The
SURPRISE
students ranged from people who already had some (2) ………….…… in
the kitchen, to totally (3) ………………..…… people like myself.
Our teacher, Liana Cabrera, started with a short talk, the handed out CELEBRATE
some notes giving (4) ……….. of terms we would be coming across.
Soon we were trying out a range of exotic ingredients, with (5) …….. CONTRIBUTE
 good results. Cabrera started giving cookery lessons five years ago, and
has become quite a (6) ……………, with long waiting lists for her DISASTER
courses. And because of her extensive knowledge of almost-forgotten PAIN
regional dishes she is also a regular (7)……….. to cookery programmes CONSIDER
on national television.
In the afternoon I joined the salsa-making team, with rather (8) ……
results. My colleagues complained that my food was so (9) …….. hot it
made their eyes water. Their own efforts turned out (10) ……… better
than mine. The communal meal at the end of the day was delicious, and
I’d not only learnt something about cooking, but I’d also broadened my
understanding of Mexican culture.

39. For questions 41–50, use the word in capitals at the end of each of the following sentences to
form a word that fits suitably in the blank. There is an example at the beginning (0).
ANGER
We’ve all felt anger at some time, whether as faint (0)________(ANNOY) or blind rage. Anger is a
normal, sometime useful human emotion, but uncontrolled (1)_________ (BURST) of temper can be
destructive. People who give free rein to their anger, regardless of the (2)
__________(OFFEND) this may cause, haven’t learned to express themselves
(3)____________(CONSTRUCT),’ says Martin Smolik, who runs weekend residential courses in
anger management. ‘It is important to maintain your (4) _________(COMPOSE) and put your case in
an assertive, not aggressive manner without hurting others. Being assertive doesn’t mean being pushy
or demanding; it means being (5) __________ (RESPECT) of yourself and other people.’ He adds that
people who are easily angered are (6)____________ (TOLERATE) of frustration, inconvenience or
irritation and, not surprisingly find relating to other people very difficult. But what causes people to
behave like this? It seems there is evidence to support the idea that some children may be born (7)
_________ (IRRITATE) and prone to anger and this tendency is sometimes apparent from a very early
age. However, research also suggests that a person’s family (8)___________(GROUND) may have
an influence. Very often, people who are
(9)_____________(TEMPER) and often find it difficult to express their emotions come from
(10)___________(ORGANIZE) and disruptive families. KEY:
40: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the following sentences
Captain Webb
Captain Matthew Webb is fortunate in being remembered as the first man to swim the English
Channel, rather than the one who later tried and failed to plunge through the Niagara Falls. If ever a
man possessed self-confidence, it was Webb; but it was his stubborn refusal to give up that
eventually proved his (1. UNDO) ……….
Unwilling to recognize the Channel crossing as the peak of his career, he went on and on, addicted to
glory, literally swimming himself to death. Webb astonished the British notion on August 25th, 1875,
with a Channel crossing that took a mammoth 21 hours and 25 minutes. He had entered the sea a
merchant-ship captain living in (2. OBSCURE)…………. but he emerged in France, stung by jellyfish
and half-dead with (3. EXHAUST) ……. a national hero. He was feted, mobbed and cheered
wherever he went; his appearance in the city of London brought business to a (4. STAND) ……… .
Alarmed by the sudden attention, the normally (5. FEAR) …………. Webb fled to his native
Shropshire.
But all this (6. STAR) ………… was too much for him, and he made the fatal error of
many a pop star in later years.
Craving (7. APPLAUD) ……….., he very nearly dissolved himself in a series of marathon swims for
money, including a six-day (8. ENDURE) …………. contest. Then he sailed for America, where he
had a (9. PUNISH) …………. schedule of long swims. It was America that lured Webb to the final act
in his tragedy; his crazed attempt to swim the Niagara River beneath the Falls in June 1883.
(10.REGARD) ……….. of all advice, he dived in from a boat and subsided forever into the boiling
rapids.
41: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the spaces below. (0) has been done as an
example.
 0. Celebration
In 1999, as part of the UK's (0) CELEBRATE of the millennium, a huge rotating wheel, (1) ABLE of
carrying groups of passengers to a great (2) HIGH was built in the center of London, a short (3)
DISTANT from the River Thames and the Houses or Parliament. The construction of The London Eye
was originally carried out through a (4) SPONSOR deal with the airline, British Airways although the
wheel is now owned and operated by The London Eye Company. A typical trip round the wheel, (5)
LAST thirty minutes, gives tourists (6) BREATH views of the surrounding city and its many well-known
landmarks, (7) INCLUDE Buckingham Palace, the Palace of Westminster and Trafalgar Square. In its
eight years of (8) CONTINUE operation, The London Eye has become the most popular (9) PAY tourist
attraction in the UK and it is easy to see why. At only a little over fifteen pounds for a ticket, it certainly
offers (10) BEAT value for money.
42: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the following passage.
THE WORLD TODAY
One way to stay abreast of and have intelligent opinion on global issues is by reading The World
Today. By doing this you will receive a regular and ……………… (1. BIAS) briefing on the people and
events that shape our world. Each week, this publication ………………. (2. TANGLE) the important
issues through concise, informative and challenging articles. The most complex subjects are
presented with…………………………(3. CLEAR), so you will acquire an ………………….. (4. DEEP)
and focused knowledge of countries, industries and topics of worldwide concern. The World Today is
……………….. (5. SURPASS) for the quality of its reporting. Regular feature articles examine a range
of…………………… (6. CONTEND) issues, from international trade wars to the exploitation of
…………………….. (7. REFUGE). In short, The World Today makes the world a little more
comprehensible. A
……………………… (8. SUBSCRIBE) to The World Today is a sound business decision. Take
advantage of our exclusive introductory offer:you can save 55% off the usual price if you return your
order within the next 21 days. The price includes free …………….… (9. DELIVER) and immediate
access to our online library. Now is……………………… (10. QUESTION) the right time to join many of
the world’s business and national leaders who read The World Today.
43: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the following passage. Write your answers
in the corresponding numbered boxes
Example : 0: literate-> literature
Don’t Judge a Book by its Cover
The magical world of (0) LITERATE ___________was first revealed to me when I was still young
enough to be held (1- COMFORT) ___________ on my father’s lap. To my (2- IMPRESS)
___________young mind, my father’s reading aloud to me could only be bettered by the process of
preparation which immediately preceded it. Choosing the book, holding it (3CARESS) ___________in
one’s hands, admiring the jacket, and, finally, opening it to the first page to begin, seemed to me akin
to following the rites of some sort of (4-CEREMONY) ___________occasion.
To the dedicated reader, every book has its own distinct smell. A book just purchased from one’s
favorite book shop exudes a wonderful bouquet of printer’s ink, leather and binding glue. Because of
its “yet to be discovered” content, I tend to treat a new book as I would a (5- NEW)
___________acquired (6-ACQUAINT) ___________.That is, while both new books and new friends
have to be treated (7-COURTESY) ___________ one still feels comfortable with them due to an (8-
INSTINCT) ___________sense that whispers that warm, lasting (9-RELATE) ___________are sure to
follow.
An old book, on the other hand, is a horse of a different color. On opening it, one’s nostrils are assailed
by an odor that a non-book lover would (10- DISDAIN) ___________describe as simply ‘musty’. To the
true book connoisseur, however, this scent elicits enchanting memories of Christmases past, pressed
roses, cedar chests and autumn leaves burning in the back yard. To the devout reader, an old book
smells of nostalgia. KEY:
44: Read the text below. Use the words given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form
a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
 Dirty money
Sooner or later it's something that everyone does; you put your jeans into the
washing machine, having completely (0) forgotten about the money in the FORGET
pocket. Coins, on the whole, survive the experience relatively (1) ________ ,
but the same is not true of banknotes. These have a (2) ________to HARM
disintegrate as a result of prolonged (3) ________ to the forces of heat, water TEND EXPOSE
and detergent. If you live
ACCEPT
in Britain, however, all may not be lost. It is possible to send damaged banknotes,
LET
(4)________for use as payment in shops and other retail
(5)________ , to the Bank of England's "Mutilated Notes Section” (BEMS) in Leeds. EXAMINE
Here experts will give the note a REPLACE
thorough (6) ________and, if they are convinced that it is indeed the remains of a
valid banknote, they will send you a (7) _______- or at least a cheque of the
equivalent value. APPLY
And it's not only washing machines that destroy notes. According
to BEMS staff, who receive up to 500 (8) ______ per week, toddlers and puppy FORTUNE
dogs also figure high on the list of offenders, as do people who hide their savings in
rather (9) ______ places, such as microwave ovens or damp cellars. Sometimes, EQUAL
even banks make use of the service, as happened during last year's spring floods
when a number of branches found that their burglar-proof and fireproof safes sadly
were not (10) _________ waterproof.

45. Read the text and use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a
word that fits in the gap in the same line.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of ecosystems and living organisms and constitutes the (1)
FOUND ------------of life on Earth. It is vital to human (2) SURVIVE ------------- on the planet. Without
it, we would not have the basic components of life: oxygen, food, freshwater, fertile soils,
medicines, a stable climate and so on. (3) FORTUNE -------------, it is the one natural feature on
Earth which has been most affected by human activities. The main reason for this is because it is
impossible to put a price tag on biodiversity, so its economic importance has been largely ignored
by financial markets, whose (4) DIFFER ------------- to this valuable resource has added to the (5)
SHAME ---------------- lack of strategic protection and conservation.
According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, there are between five and thirty million
species on our planet but the (6) EXIST -------------- of only around two million of those has been
formally identified. Every day the (7) EXTINCT ---------------of species is around 1,000 times more
than it would have been without human (8) INTERFERE ---------------, due to the (9) DESTROY
--------------- of habitats and land being turned over to agriculture, to name but two causes. Climate
change, over-exploitation, habitat loss and fragmentation, pollution and the spread of (10) INVADE
--------------- alien species are contributing to the biggest disaster and loss of life since dinosaurs
disappeared from the planet around sixty-five million years ago.
46. Give the right form of the word in each blanket in the following passage.
IT’S NEVER TOO LATE TO LEARN
My attempt to teach myself Spanish has been …unsuccessful……(0) SUCCESS so far
and I am wondering whether I am simply …………….(1) ABLE to learn foreign
languages at my age. I am not …………….(2) PATIENCE and neither am I …………
(3), so why have I found it almost INTELLIGENCE
…………….. (4) to learn more than just the basics of Spanish after POSSIBLE nearly
six months of study? My vocabulary is ……….. (5) beyond ADEQUATE very basic
expressions and my grammar is …………. (6) to say the SATISFY least. It is not only
that my Spanish is …………. (7) but I suspect CORRECT I sound very …………. (8),
too. Recently, I met a Cuban tourist POLITE in a café and …………..(9), I must have
said something FORTUNE
…………… (10) because she looked very offended and got up APPROPRIATE and sat at
another table.
 47. Give the correct form of the word in the brackets :
If you’d like to do something different on your holiday , You may be (1. INTEREST )
…………………… in the following the Pilgrim Route to Santiago . The journey starts in
France , and takes you through the(2. MARVEL ) ……………… scenery of the Pyrenees to
Santiago in Spain . It (3. NORMAL ) …………… takes about five weeks to complete the 800
kilometer walk , which give you more than enough time to go (4. SIGHT) …………… . There are
plenty of (5. CAMP ) ………… , but you can also get rooms in monasteries, which cost little or
nothing. Alternatively , you can stay in (6.COMFORT ) ………………… hotels , but these are
obviously more ( 7. EXPENSE ) …………………The Pilgrim Route can be quite ( 8.CROWD )
……………during the summer . Some people find it more ( 9. ENJOY ) ………………to go in
October and November , Which are quieter months, but the ( 10.
ADVANTAGE ) …………… of travelling then is that some of the hotels are closed .
48. Complete the text by writing the correct form of the word in capitals
No matter how well-(1) (intend) _____ their bosses may be, many smokers feel (2)
(persecutor) _____ by their firms' (3) (smoke) _____, policies. “Just call me Sneaky Pete,” says a
salesman of (4) (novel) _____ items who would face being fired if his smoking habit was discovered.
Says he: “It’s (5) _____ (credit) unfair. I was a smoker when they hired me, and then, out of the blue,
I’m supposed to stop just because the boss says so”. Some employees fear their chances for (6)
(advance) may be choked off by their smoking habit though (7) (favor) _____ toward (8) (smoke)
_____ is rarely (9) (explicate) _____. Len Bell, director of human resources at Pacific Northwest Bell,
says a bias against smoking "could be in the back of a (10- management)'s mind when making
decisions on a promotion.
49. Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided. There is an
example at the beginning (0).
Thor Heyerdahl and the Kon-Tiki expedition
The Norwegian explorer and (0. ARCHAEOLOGY) --> ARCHAEOLOGIST, Thor
Heyerdahl, accomplished many things during his life but his name has become (1.
SEPARABLE) ....................... linked with the Kon-Tiki voyage. In 1937, while doing research in the
western Pacific, Heyerdahl became (2. INCREASE) ............................. interested in how the
Polynesian islands had become populated. He made the observation that ocean currents flowed
across the Pacific from east to west. Since there were cultural (3. SIMILAR) ........................ to be
found on either side of this ocean, he was convinced that South Americans had sailed westwards to
populate these islands before the eleventh century.
The (4. CENTRE) .......................... argument against Heyerdahl’s theory was lack of evidence
that, at that time, boats existed with the (5. CAPABLE) .............................. to cross such an (6.
EXPAND) …………..... of ocean. So a determined Heyerdahl built a primitive raft of balsa wood,
named it Kon-Tiki, and on April 28th, 1947, left Peru with a crew at five. Moved along by the ocean
currents, the fragile raft Kon-Tiki sailed a steady 70 kilometers a day.
Despite heavy storms, failure never crossed the crew’s minds. After 97 days, they caught (7.
SEE) …………….... of tone of the islands. However, due to unusually high winds they could not land
and, realising that a reef presented an (8. AVOID) …………..... obstacle, they prepared for the
inevitable (9. COLLIDE) ..................... . Amazingly, they all survived the crash, and Heyerdahl had his
(10. PROVE) …………......
50. Write the correct form of the word given in brackets.
The entire ecological system on Earth can be thought as one huge living (1) ..................
(ORGAN). It is composed infinitesimal number of (2) ......................... (DEPENDENCE) units that all
play their part in contributing to the well–being and functioning of the whole. We human beings are, of
course, a part of this (3) ................... (INTRICACY) web of life. Unfortunately, we often forget we are
(4) .................. (EXTRICABLE) linked to nature, and by doing so, (5) ...................... (ADVERT)
contribute to its slow destruction. Survival will depend on our (6) ................... (WILL) to reorganize our
political thinking.
No longer can those who ignore nature’s (7) ..................... (WARN) continue to bury their
heads in the sand. Unless these politicians (who, in (8) .................. (DEMOCRACY) countries, are
supposed to listen to the people as well as to corporations) do something about the enormous
environmental problems facing the Earth, they will cease to be (9) ...................... (RESPECT), and this
 will mean our old system of government will (10) ................... (EVITABLE) change and collapse.
Nothing can save them.
51. Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered spaces provided. A
successful failure
If there is one historical figure that has been regarded as a failure during his lifetime by so many
biographers and yet is remembered by secondary school history students as a (1) (LEGEND) _____
explorer and campaigner, it is David Livingstone.
As an explorer, he erred (2) (DISASTER) _____ in thinking that that the Zambezi river was navigable
and he misidentified the source of the Nile. In addition, by the time he died, his campaign against the
East African slave trade had had (3) (DISAPPOINT) _____ little success. He was not much better as a
husband or father, either, leaving his family behind for years as he trampled thousands of miles over
(4) (HOSPITALITY) _____ rugged African terrain.
Despite his mistakes and the fact that his behaviour was often less than ( 5) (EXAMPLE) _____ he
deserved more recognition than he has been given by experts. Indeed, there were values he (6)
(BODY) _____ that have held him in high esteem in some circles. He found the ( 7) (TREAT) _____ of
the blacks ensnared in the booming African slave trade so (8) (TASTE) _____ that he fought (9)
(TIRE) _____ to stamp it out. His attempts may have failed during his active campaign but in the year
after his death, the Sultan of Zanzibar signed a treaty with Britain guaranteeing the (10) (ABOLISH)
_____ of the East African slave trade, an agreement Livingstone had dreamed of.
52. Use the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space. Write your answers in
the space provided.
When (1-MUSE) on cities over time and in our time, from the first (whenever it was) to today, we must
always remember that cities are (2-FACT). Forests, jungles, deserts, plains, oceans – the organic
environment is born and dies and is (3-BEAR) endlessly, beautifully, and completely without moral
constraint or (4-ETHIC) control. But cities, despite the metaphors that we apply to them from biology or
nature (“The city dies when industry flees”; “The neighborhoods are the vital cells of the urban (5-
ORGANIC)”), despite the anthropomorphic or (6-SENTIMENT) devices we use to describe cities – are
artificial. Nature has never made a city, and what Nature makes that may seem like a city – an anthill,
for instance – only seems like one. It is not a city.
Human (7-BE) made and make cities, and it is they, only, that kill cities or let them die. And they do
both – make cities and (8-MAKE) cities, by the same means: by (9-ACT) of choice. We enjoy deluding
ourselves in this as in other things. We enjoy believing that there are forces out there completely (10-
DISPOSE) our fate, natural forces, or forces so strong and overwhelming that send cities through
organic and biological phases of birth, growth, and decay.
53. Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in
the column on the right.
Food miles
In Britain, what is described as 'food miles', the distance which food is transported from the place
where it is grown to its point of sale, continues to rise. This has major economic, social and
environmental consequences, given the traffic congestion and pollution which (1. variable)
____________ follow.
According to (2. press) ____________ groups, the same amount of food is travelling 50 per cent
further than twenty years ago. What's more, the rise in the demand for road haulage over this period
has mostly been due to the transport of food and drink. The groups assert that the increase in the
number of lorry journeys is (3. exceed) ____________ and that many of these are far from (4.
essence) ____________.
In the distribution systems employed by British food (5. retail) ____________, fleets of lorries bring
all goods into more (6. centre) ____________ located warehouses for redistribution across the
country. (7. logic) ____________ as this might appear, the situation whereby some goods get sent
back to the same areas from which they came is (8. avoid) ____________.
In response to scathing (9. critic) ____________ from environmentalists, some food distributors
now aim to minimize the impact of food miles by routing vehicles, wherever possible, on motorways
after dark. This encourages greater energy (10. efficient) ____________ whilst also reducing the
impact on the residential areas through which they would otherwise pass.
More exercises
1. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the
Parliamentary House only. (EXCLUDE)
2. He was ___________ by the darkness and got lost in the forest. (NIGHT)
3. He was ___________ with intelligence but he tried hard to make up for it. (ENDOW)
4. Any ___________ gimmicks are forbidden in this competition. (MALICE)
5. Surely all women must have ___________ instinct or the human race would die out. (MOTHER)
6. Putting up with noise coming from the neighbor is probably the most ____________ thing.
(TO)
7. The leader was taken into custody, which brought an end to the _____________. (SURGE)
8. The spectacular view of Sa Pa has _____________ many visitors. (RAPTURE)
9. Andy has received such _____________ fame after he tried himself in the school’s play.
(WONT)
10. The aridity in that area _____________ a poor crop. (TOKEN)
11. Some people argue that money has _____________ football. (BASE)
12. This remote village bore the _____________ of the storm. (PREDATOR)
13. “People” is a ____________ word. (SYLLABLE)
14. The young boy was _____________ by the two men who then asked the innocent for money.
(WAY)
15. Taking that old lady for a ride is _____________. (CONSCIENCE)
16. To achieve the _____________ logic, you have to employ certain techniques of using connectives
like ‘and’, ‘or’ in the right place within the sentence. (SENTENCE) 17. This chair is almost too
____________, so replace it with a new one! (ANNUAL)
18. Underground nuclear _____________ are believed to have been carried out. (TONE) 19. The
opponents of nuclear power may object to the scheme for some ______________ reasons.
(MENTION)
20. Every point in his speech is _____________, which allows the audience to follow easily.
(PERSPEX)
21. The ______________ is used to measured the smallest things! (MICRO)
22. His ______________ talking annoys the teachers a lot. (TERMINAL)
23. Many ______________ policies have come into force to boost the economic development.
(BUSINESS)
24. A(n) _____________ schedule assists me in passing the day smoothly. (ARRANGE)
25. Allowing yourself anything you like makes you a ____________ figure. (INDULGE)
26. Mary ______________ with her husband about his budget this month. (POSTULATE)
27. It is impossible to _______________ his excellence at work. (SAY)
28.People in coastal area live mainy on the ______________, which allows them to earn a great deal
of money from the sea products (CULTURE)
29.People felt a great pity for the time spent to see such a(n) _____________ film. (ABYSS) 30. Every
book has a ______________ including what the authors say about their masterpiece. (WORD)
31. I cannot imagine why there are such ______________ people in this world. Don’t they feel any
sympathy for the homeless? (HEART)
32. I will bring my unbrella along on the _____________ that it rains. (CHANCE)
33. The dramatic decrease in the ________________ of this factory can be a direct result of
underpayment. (PUT)
34. The contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan can cause ______________ consequences.
(LIFE)
35. It is a _____________ fact that the vegeterian sausages were invented during World War I.
(KNOW)
36. His recent unpredictable mood ____________ him from his friends. (STRANGE)
37. I was ______________ and fell in love with her immediately at first sight. (LOVE) 38. The camera
must be clean with a soft ____________ cloth. Otherwise, the water will permeate and cause
damage. (WRING)
39. His recent ups and downs made the criminal more ____________ than ever. (BITE) 40.John
Cena used to be in his _____________ in WWE but since his dislocation, he had to leave for
operation and it would take him a long time to make a full recovery. (DAY) 41. Bats use
______________ to navigate in the dark when hunting prey. (LOCATION)
42. He was lying, indicated by the _______________ sign that his hands were shivering. (TELL) 43.
Thanks to the _____________ at the bottom of the page, the Chinese-VietNamese poem becomes
more accessible. (NOTE)
44. The dog seems rather _______________; it must not have been fed for days. (SEE)
45. ________________ injection is the most common way to inject drugs. (VEIN)
46. _________________ medication brings about a quick relief but it is not recommended for long-
term treatment. (ACT) 47. Ivan’s camera now ________________ because he carelessly dropped
it into the pool. (FUNCTION)
48. Mary told the doctor about her stomach’s ________________. It didn’t seem to work properly.
(FUNCTION)
49. A cock roach can continue to live for a few days even if it is ________________. (CAPITA) 50.
Their house is decorated in such a _________________ way so that it fit in with other houses.
(DESCRIBE)
51. ________________ people are strong and healthy ones who can make a living on their own.
(BODY)
52. I spent the whole evening _______________ my messy house. (CLUTTER)
53. Remember to read every _______________ in the contract because it can be a trap for the
unwary. (PRINT)
54. I did my project in my own way, not in a ________________ one. (TREAD)
55. From six o’clock _______________, I’m home! (ON)
56. Some of the ________________ and __________________ regions in Somalia have adopted
distinctive symbols , including flags, while others continue to use the Somali flag.
(DEPEND/AUTONOMY)
57. A(n) _________________ disease is one that will gradually deteriorate the functioning of any one
part in your body. (GENERATE)
58. It is widely known that judges have _________________ powers. (DISCRETION)
59. The little boy left his hand-made boat _______________ on the river. (DRIFT)
60. The students are ________________ seperated into differnt classes. (QUALIFY)
61. He suffered from headaches as an _______________ of his accident. (AFFECT)
62. The renown that Michael Jackson gained for himself is almost ________________.
(SUPERIOR)
63. Viet Nam used to be ________________ into two seperate areas, with the border being
Gianh river. (MASS)
64. The walls were _________________ with colors, which make it so beautiful. (STRIPE)
65. A bottle of cooled water had __________________ effects on us after a long walk. (VIGOR) 66.
Hand ________________ is accused of including BBA, which can cause many health problems.
(SANITARY)
67. Their trouble is __________________. They themselves made the situation worse.
(INFLICT)
68. The _________________ inside our bodies is a complex system. (MUSCLE)
69. I do not understand why Adriana was so ________________ at last night’s party. She is usually
clever and tactical when meeting people. (ADROIT)
70. Viet Nam went through _________________ process and became an independent country.
(COLONY)
71. Most findings about the universe are ________________ because of the lack of evidence.
(DETERMINE)
72. A(n) __________________ is used to measure the level of alcohol in one’s blood from a breath
sample. (BREATH)
73. Laptops nowadays have ___________________ cameras, which makes it even more convenient
for the users. (BUILT)