PROCESS QUESTIONS:

1. What present event is shown in the picture?

2. By looking at the picture, are you thinking about the
and the world as a whole?
3. Who is/are responsible of this present situation?
4. What about the feeling of the people especially the women and the
marginalized sector?
5. Do you ask yourself if you also feel the same?
6. What do you think are the reasons why these things happen? Have you
also asked God why?

What are your reactions on the picture shown? Do you base your
answers on facts or on your personal experiences and emotions?

In giving reactions, there are critical approaches that can help you
write or formulate effective critique. Anchoring your ideas on these critical
approaches will allow you to produce a reliable written work.

WHAT IS IT

What is Critique?
A critique is a specialized form of writing where the reader or reviewer
evaluates or analyzes judiciously variety of works. It is mainly written to
communicate a fair assessment of situations, people, events, literary and
artistic works, and performances like the following:

Creative works novels, exhibits, film, images, poetry

Research monographs, journal articles, systematic reviews, theories
Media news reports, feature articles
Designs- industrial designs, furniture, fashion design
Graphic designs- posters, billboards, commercials and digital media

As a reviewer and critic, you must not simply rely on mere opinions; rather,
you must use both proofs and logical reasoning to validate your comments.
You must process ideas and theories, revisit and extend ideas in a specific
field of study and present an analytical response to the subject of your
review.
Source: https://www.citewrite.qut.edu.au/write/critique.html
Date Retrieved: February 8, 2021

Structure of Critique
A critique can be structured in several ways. The following example,
however, showcases the main features of a critique.
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These are introduction, summary, critical evaluation, conclusion and
reference list.

Critical Approaches to Writing a Review/Reaction Paper/Critique

Critical approaches are sometimes called lenses. These are different
perspectives one can consider when looking at a piece or several pieces of
work, literature or a concept.
Here are the important critical approaches:
1. Formalist criticism emphasizes the form of a literary work to
determine its meaning. It focuses on the literary elements of form
such as style, structure, tone, imagery, etc. and how they work to
create meaning. A primary goal for formalist critics is to determine
how such elements work
effects upon readers.

2. Biographical Criticism
and background into account when analyzing a text.

Focus on the life and background of the writer/artist and connect it to

the subject of your review or critic.

Example: How did the life of Dr. Jose Rizal affect his written works?

3. Feminist criticism emphasizes on the roles, positions, and influences

of women. It focuses on how women are portrayed in a certain
literary work, in arts, in commercials, in movie, etc.

Example: Are women viewed as inferior beings in the movie?

How were they portrayed?
4. Historical Criticism: understand a literary
work by investigating the social, cultural, and intellectual context that
produced it

of a literary work upon its original readers.

5. Reader-Response Criticism emphasizes that the meaning of a text

the meaning you created while reading a text, watching a movie or

looking at a certain object. It focuses on your personal connection
with and understanding of the subject of your review.

and reflects that reading, like writing, is a creative process.

6. Marxist Criticism emphasizes on how power, politics, and money
play a role in literary texts and amongst literary societies and
characters. It also focuses on how class, power, race and
economic status affect the content and theme of a certain work.

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 Source: Critical Approaches to Literature.pdf. Retrieved from
www.miamiartscharter.net

Now, you have learned the basic principle

apply your skill by doing the following activities.

WHAT'S MORE

Task 4 READ AND OBSERVE

Let us learn more about this skill by reading a text which is an excerpt of
the homily of the Catholic Archbishop of Manila, Jaime Cardinal Sin. But
before you read it, let us define these words first.

Directions: Get the meaning of these words from any dictionary so that you
can understand what you are reading better: Write your
answer in your notebook.
WORDS MEANINGS FROM DICTIONARY
Cynic
Anarchic
Unrelentingly
Callous
Transcend

Ang Bayan Muna Bago ang Sarili

(Excerpts from the Homily of Jaime Cardinal Sin
at the mass celebrating the 5th death anniversary of Ninoy Aquino)

of true self-giving, loving our country first, above our own interest? Bayan
muna, bago ang sarili. It is a question we must ask ourselves, as we

Katipunan, shaping unity out of our diversity. How we wish that we are our
authentic name! But rather:

Kanya-
Kanya-
Kanya-
Kanya-

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(3) Cynics among us say that K.K.K is the definition of our national

Bayan muna, Bago ang Sarili

is an abstract, non-operative ideal, good for speeches, good for posters, good
for classroom rhetoric but not for real, not for real life. For real is K.K.K.

(4) Kanya-Kanyang Katwiran, Kanya-Kanyang kagustuhan. We all remember

the three monkeys; See no Evil, hear no evil, speak no evil. Sometimes one
wonders, if it has become a national pastime, to see and hear and speak
nothing, but evil against our fellow-citizens. Talk can be a great service in a
free nation: Talk is space for free discussion, for intelligent debate, the
exchange of information and perception, the clash of views.

we must remind ourselves that criticism is not an end in itself; it is not the
absolute. It is meant to help us to become free, but if it becomes the all-
encompassing output of our days, a way of life... so it takes up most of our
energy, most of our time, when we begin to take delight in tearing down,
demoralizing, destabilizing; wh
then we really are engaged in self-destruction, and the destruction of hope,
the creation of despair, especially among the poor who continue to suffer in
our midst.

Unicuique suum, non praevalebunt

-
How can we survive, as a nation and
as a people, if we have made the name of our national game as anarchic
free-for-

(7) K.K.K also means, we are told, Kanya Kanyang Kabig, Kanya- Kanyang
Kurakot. Surely, on this theme this morning. For
weeks, the papers, radios, TV, have shouted nothing else. It is the talk of the
marketplace. I myself have spoken, often enough, of the 40 big thieves left
behind in our midst, and many many smaller ones which might include . . .
even ourselves? Who among us did not re-echo the sentiments and the work
of the beloved Chino Roces when he asked for a renewed moral order in
government and society? It is a problem which must be addressed and
addressed vigorously and unrelentingly.

(8) I am sure this will be increasingly done by our president, by consistent

personal example she has set a pattern for others to follow. I know she is
bent on pursuing the battle against corruption with ever more forceful and
energetic action. But we know, we know that she and those around her

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(9) We must begin, rather, where we can begin, with ourselves we must ask:
What can we do about it? What in our own heart, in our own attitudes, in
our own practices, must be changed? What sacrifices must we ourselves do
to make a positive contribution of deeds, to put under control this chronic
illness in our society, and in our culture?

(10) If all we do is talk and talk, and throw dirt at each other-forgetting to
mind the ship and its engines, and steer it in mine-filled waters-why, we will
still be taking and quarrelling when our ship goes down into the sea!

(11) If everyone i
Bayan Muna, Bago ang Sarili
really be made an operative guideline, could it not mark at least a
beginning? If for one year, just to get going, we would make the principle
govern our deeds, our conduct in society, would that not be smart already?

if we have become too calloused to do even this?

Questions: Write your answers in your notebook.

1. What critical approach did the author use? Explain why you think
that is the approach used.

2. Do you agree with the author or not? Support your answer.

What you have read is an example of how one expresses opinions

using one approach in criticism. This can be a good model for you to study
and follow.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Task 5 REFLECT
Directions: Write your reflection in your notebook by completing the
unfinished statements below with focus on the following guide
question:
Why is understanding the critical approaches necessary in writing a
review/reaction paper/critique?

I have learned that _______________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________________
I have realized that _______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
I will apply _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

WHAT I CAN DO

Task 6
Directions: Write a short critique with 10-15 sentences on the following
works using the specified approach. Write your answers in your
notebook/activity sheet.

1. Movie: The Hunger Games

Critical Approach: Feminist Criticism

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/42/HungerGamesPoster.jpg

2. Song: PANALO by EZ MIL

Critical Approach: Reader-Response Criticism

https://www.metroheadlines.ph/ez-mil-

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