Iso 20677 2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20677
First edition
2019-02
Image technology colour

management — Extensions to
architecture, profile format and data
structure
Gestion des couleurs dans les technologies de l'image — Extensions
d'architecture, de format de profil et de structure de données
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
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ISO 20677:2019
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/54278abb-779b-47a9-a2eb-
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
Reference number
ISO 20677:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
ISO 20677:2019(E)


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ISO 20677:2019
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
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© ISO 2019
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 20677:2019(E)

Contents Page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ix
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................x
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms................................................................................................................................. 1
3.1 Terms and definitions........................................................................................................................................................................ 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
4 Extended basic types......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.2 Extended basic type listing............................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.2.1 azimuthNumber................................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.2.2 float16Number................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.2.3 float64Number................................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2.4 horizontalNumber........................................................................................................................................................... 4
4.2.5 Sparse matrix encodings............................................................................................................................................ 4
4.2.6 sparseMatrixEncodingType.................................................................................................................................... 6
4.2.7 spectralRange...................................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.8 tintArray................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.9 valueEncodingType........................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.2.10 verticalNumber.................................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.2.11 zenithNumber..................................................................................................................................................................... 8
5
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Conformance.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
6 Expanded PCSs, rendering intents ISOand device encoding............................................................................................. 9
20677:2019
6.1 General considerations..................................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Extensions to device colour encoding.................................................................................................................................. 9
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
6.3 Extensions to PCSs............................................................................................................................................................................. 10
6.3.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.3.2 Profile connection conditions............................................................................................................................. 10
6.3.3 Spectral PCSs..................................................................................................................................................................... 11
6.3.4 BRDF connection........................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.3.5 Directional viewing connection........................................................................................................................ 13
6.4 Multiplex connection spaces..................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.4.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.4.2 MCS signature encoding.......................................................................................................................................... 14
6.5 Colour encoding space profiles............................................................................................................................................... 14
7 Profile requirements......................................................................................................................................................................................15
7.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
7.2 Profile header......................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
7.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
7.2.2 Extended profile header field definitions................................................................................................. 17
7.2.3 ColourEncodingSpace class profile header field definitions................................................... 18
7.2.4 Profile size field (bytes 0 to 3)........................................................................................................................... 18
7.2.5 Preferred CMM type field (bytes 4 to 7).................................................................................................... 18
7.2.6 Profile version and sub-version field (bytes 8 to 11)..................................................................... 18
7.2.7 Profile/device class field (bytes 12 to15)................................................................................................ 19
7.2.8 Data colour space field (Bytes 16 to 20)................................................................................................... 19
7.2.9 PCS field (Bytes 20 to 23)....................................................................................................................................... 20
7.2.10 Date and time field (bytes 24 to 35)............................................................................................................. 21
7.2.11 Profile file signature field (bytes 36 to 39)............................................................................................. 21
7.2.12 Primary platform field (bytes 40 to 43).................................................................................................... 21
7.2.13 Profile flags field (bytes 44 to 47)................................................................................................................... 21
7.2.14 Device manufacturer field (bytes 48 to 51)............................................................................................ 22
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ISO 20677:2019(E)

7.2.15 Device model field (bytes 52 to 55)............................................................................................................... 22

7.2.16 Device attributes field (bytes 56 to 63)..................................................................................................... 22
7.2.17 Rendering intent field (bytes 64 to 67)...................................................................................................... 23
7.2.18 PCS illuminant field (bytes 68 to 79)........................................................................................................... 23
7.2.19 Profile creator field (bytes 80 to 83)............................................................................................................ 23
7.2.20 Profile ID field (bytes 84 to 99)......................................................................................................................... 23
7.2.21 Spectral PCS field (bytes 100 to 103)........................................................................................................... 24
7.2.22 Spectral PCS range field (bytes 104 to 109)........................................................................................... 25
7.2.23 Bi-Spectral PCS range field (bytes 110 to 115).................................................................................... 25
7.2.24 MCS field (bytes 116 to 119)............................................................................................................................... 26
7.2.25 Profile/device sub-class (bytes 124 to 127).......................................................................................... 26
7.2.26 Reserved field (bytes 124 to 127)................................................................................................................... 26
7.3 Tag table...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
7.3.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................................................... 26
7.3.2 Tag count (byte position 0 to 3)........................................................................................................................ 27
7.3.3 Tag signature (byte position 4 to 7 and repeating).......................................................................... 27
7.3.4 Offset to beginning of tag data element (byte position 8 to 11 and repeating)....... 27
7.3.5 Tag data element size (byte position 12 to 15 and repeating)............................................... 27
7.4 Tag data....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
8 Required tags.........................................................................................................................................................................................................28
8.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
8.2 Common requirements.................................................................................................................................................................. 28
8.3 Input profiles.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
8.4 Display profiles..................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
8.5 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Output profiles...................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
8.6 DeviceLink profile.............................................................................................................................................................................. 30
8.7 (standards.iteh.ai)
ColorEncodingSpace profile...................................................................................................................................................... 30
8.8 ColorSpace profile.............................................................................................................................................................................. 31
8.9 Abstract profile.....................................................................................................................................................................................
ISO 20677:2019 31
8.10 NamedColor profile........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
8.11 MultiplexIdentification profile ................................................................................................................................................ 32
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8.12 MultiplexLink profile....................................................................................................................................................................... 32
8.13 MultiplexVisualization profile................................................................................................................................................. 32
8.14 Precedence order of tag usage................................................................................................................................................ 32
8.14.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
8.14.2 Input, display, output or colour space profile types........................................................................ 32
8.14.3 Abstract profile types................................................................................................................................................ 33
8.14.4 DeviceLink profile types.......................................................................................................................................... 33
8.14.5 MultiplexIdentification profile types........................................................................................................... 33
8.14.6 MultiplexLink profile types.................................................................................................................................. 33
8.14.7 MultiplexVisualization profile types............................................................................................................. 33
8.14.8 MCS to parameter-based BRDF profile table usage......................................................................... 34
8.14.9 BRDF profile table usage......................................................................................................................................... 34
8.14.10 Parameter-based BRDF profile table usage............................................................................................ 35
8.14.11 Directional profile table usage........................................................................................................................... 35
9 Tag definitions......................................................................................................................................................................................................36
9.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.2 Specific tag listing............................................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.2.1 AToB0Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................. 36
9.2.2 AToB1Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................. 37
9.2.3 AToB2Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................. 37
9.2.4 AToB3Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................. 37
9.2.5 AToM0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 37
9.2.6 brdfColorimetricParameter0Tag..................................................................................................................... 38
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9.2.10 brdfSpectralParameter0Tag................................................................................................................................. 39
9.2.14 brdfAToB0Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 40
9.2.15 brdfAToB1Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 41
9.2.16 brdfAToB2Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 41
9.2.17 brdfAToB3Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 41
9.2.18 brdfBToA0Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 42
9.2.19 brdfBToA1Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 42
9.2.20 brdfBToA2Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 43
9.2.21 brdfBToA3Tag................................................................................................................................................................... 43
9.2.22 brdfBToD0Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 43
9.2.23 brdfBToD1Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 44
9.2.24 brdfBToD2Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 44
9.2.25 brdfBToD3Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 45
9.2.26 brdfDToB0Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 45
9.2.27 brdfDToB1Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 45
9.2.28 brdfDToB2Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 46
9.2.29 brdfDToB3Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 46
9.2.30 brdfMToB0Tag................................................................................................................................................................. 46
9.2.31 brdfMToB1Tag................................................................................................................................................................. 47
9.2.32 brdfMToB2Tag................................................................................................................................................................. 47
9.2.33 brdfMToB3Tag................................................................................................................................................................. 47
9.2.34 brdfMToS0Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 48
9.2.35 brdfMToS1Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 48
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9.2.36 brdfMToS2Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 48
9.2.37 brdfMToS3Tag.................................................................................................................................................................. 49
9.2.38 BToA0Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................
ISO 20677:2019 49
9.2.39 BToA1Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 50
9.2.40 BToA2Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019 50
9.2.41 BToA3Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 50
9.2.42 BToD0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 50
9.2.43 BToD1Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 51
9.2.44 BToD2Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 51
9.2.45 BToD3Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 51
9.2.46 calibrationDateTimeTag.......................................................................................................................................... 52
9.2.47 charTargetTag................................................................................................................................................................... 52
9.2.48 colorEncodingParamsTag...................................................................................................................................... 52
9.2.49 colorSpaceNameTag.................................................................................................................................................... 52
9.2.50 colorantOrderTag.......................................................................................................................................................... 53
9.2.51 colorantOrderOutTag................................................................................................................................................. 53
9.2.52 colorantInfoTag............................................................................................................................................................... 53
9.2.53 colorantInfoOutTag...................................................................................................................................................... 53
9.2.54 colorimetricIntentImageStateTag................................................................................................................... 53
9.2.55 copyrightTag...................................................................................................................................................................... 55
9.2.56 customToStandardPccTag...................................................................................................................................... 55
9.2.57 cxfTag....................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
9.2.58 deviceMfgDescTag........................................................................................................................................................ 56
9.2.59 deviceModelDescTag.................................................................................................................................................. 56
9.2.60 directionalAToB0Tag.................................................................................................................................................. 56
9.2.62 directionalfAToB2Tag................................................................................................................................................ 57
9.2.64 directionalBToA0Tag.................................................................................................................................................. 58
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9.2.68 directionalBToD0Tag.................................................................................................................................................. 60
9.2.72 directionalDToB0Tag.................................................................................................................................................. 61
9.2.76 DToB0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 63
9.2.77 DToB1Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 63
9.2.78 DToB2Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 63
9.2.79 DToB3Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 64
9.2.80 gamutBoundaryDescription0Tag.................................................................................................................... 64
9.2.84 multiplexDefaultValuesTag................................................................................................................................... 64
9.2.85 multiplexTypeArrayTag........................................................................................................................................... 65
9.2.86 measurementInfoTag................................................................................................................................................. 65
9.2.87 measurementInputInfoTag................................................................................................................................... 65
9.2.88 mediaWhitePointTag.................................................................................................................................................. 66
9.2.89 metadataTag...................................................................................................................................................................... 66
9.2.90 MToA0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 66
9.2.91 MToB0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 67
9.2.92
9.2.93
MToB1Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 67
MToB2Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 67
9.2.94 (standards.iteh.ai)
MToB3Tag............................................................................................................................................................................ 68
9.2.95 MToS0Tag............................................................................................................................................................................. 68
9.2.96 MToS1Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................
ISO 20677:2019 68
9.2.97 MToS2Tag ............................................................................................................................................................................. 69
9.2.98 MToS3Tag.............................................................................................................................................................................
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019 69
9.2.99 namedColorTag............................................................................................................................................................... 69
9.2.100 perceptualRenderingIntentGamutTag....................................................................................................... 70
9.2.101 profileDescriptionTag.............................................................................................................................................. 70
9.2.102 profileSequenceInformationTag..................................................................................................................... 70
9.2.103 referenceNameTag...................................................................................................................................................... 70
9.2.104 saturationRenderingIntentGamutTag........................................................................................................ 71
9.2.105 spectralViewingConditionsTag........................................................................................................................ 71
9.2.106 spectralWhitePointTag............................................................................................................................................ 71
9.2.107 standardToCustomPccTag.................................................................................................................................... 71
9.2.108 surfaceMapTag............................................................................................................................................................... 72
9.2.109 technologyTag................................................................................................................................................................. 72
10 Tag type definitions.........................................................................................................................................................................................72
10.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
10.2 Specific tag type listing.................................................................................................................................................................. 72
10.2.1 colorantOrderType...................................................................................................................................................... 72
10.2.2 curveType............................................................................................................................................................................ 73
10.2.3 dataType............................................................................................................................................................................... 74
10.2.4 dateTimeType.................................................................................................................................................................. 74
10.2.5 dictType................................................................................................................................................................................. 74
10.2.6 embeddedHeightImageType............................................................................................................................... 76
10.2.7 embeddedNormalImageType............................................................................................................................. 77
10.2.8 float16ArrayType.......................................................................................................................................................... 78
10.2.9 float32ArrayType.......................................................................................................................................................... 79
10.2.10 float64ArrayType......................................................................................................................................................... 79
10.2.11 gamutBoundaryDescriptionType.................................................................................................................. 79
10.2.12 lutAToBType..................................................................................................................................................................... 80
10.2.13 lutBToAType..................................................................................................................................................................... 83
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10.2.14 measurementType...................................................................................................................................................... 86
10.2.15 multiLocalizedUnicodeType............................................................................................................................... 88
10.2.16 multiProcessElementsType................................................................................................................................ 88
10.2.17 parametricCurveType.............................................................................................................................................. 89
10.2.18 s15Fixed16ArrayType............................................................................................................................................. 91
10.2.19 signatureType................................................................................................................................................................. 91
10.2.20 sparseMatrixArrayType......................................................................................................................................... 91
10.2.21 spectralViewingConditionsType..................................................................................................................... 92
10.2.22 tagArrayType................................................................................................................................................................... 94
10.2.23 tagStructType................................................................................................................................................................... 95
10.2.24 u16Fixed16ArrayType.............................................................................................................................................. 95
10.2.25 uInt16ArrayType........................................................................................................................................................... 96
10.2.26 uInt32ArrayType........................................................................................................................................................... 96
10.2.27 uInt64ArrayType........................................................................................................................................................... 96
10.2.28 uInt8ArrayType.............................................................................................................................................................. 97
10.2.29 utf16Type............................................................................................................................................................................. 97
10.2.30 utf8Type................................................................................................................................................................................ 97
10.2.31 utf8ZipType........................................................................................................................................................................ 97
10.2.32 XYZType................................................................................................................................................................................. 98
10.2.33 zipXmlType......................................................................................................................................................................... 98
11 multiProcessingElementType definitions...............................................................................................................................99
11.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
11.2 Specific processing element listing..................................................................................................................................... 99
11.2.1 calculatorElement......................................................................................................................................................... 99
11.2.2 curveSetElement......................................................................................................................................................... 114
11.2.3 CLUTElement................................................................................................................................................................. 117
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11.2.4 emissionCLUTElement.......................................................................................................................................... 117
11.2.5 emissionMatrixElement....................................................................................................................................... 119
11.2.6 emissionObserverElement ISO 20677:2019 ................................................................................................................................. 121
11.2.7 extendedCLUTElement.......................................................................................................................................... 122
11.2.8 inverseEmissionMatrixElement 20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019 .................................................................................................................... 122
11.2.9 JabToXYZElement....................................................................................................................................................... 124
11.2.10 matrixElement.............................................................................................................................................................. 125
11.2.11 sparseMatrixElement............................................................................................................................................. 125
11.2.12 reflectanceCLUTElement..................................................................................................................................... 126
11.2.13 reflectanceObserverElement............................................................................................................................ 128
11.2.14 tintArrayElement........................................................................................................................................................ 130
11.2.15 XYZToJabElement....................................................................................................................................................... 130
11.2.16 “Future” expansion elements........................................................................................................................... 131
12 Struct tag type definitions.................................................................................................................................................................... 132
12.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 132
12.2 Struct tag type listing................................................................................................................................................................... 132
12.2.1 brdfTransformStructure....................................................................................................................................... 132
12.2.2 colorantInfoStructure............................................................................................................................................. 138
12.2.3 colorEncodingParamsStructure.................................................................................................................... 139
12.2.4 measurementInfoStructure............................................................................................................................... 144
12.2.5 namedColorStructure............................................................................................................................................. 146
12.2.6 profileInfoStructure................................................................................................................................................. 152
12.2.7 tintZeroStructure........................................................................................................................................................ 155
13 Tag Array Type definitions................................................................................................................................................................... 157
13.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 157
13.2 Tag array indentifier type listing........................................................................................................................................ 157
13.2.1 namedColorArray....................................................................................................................................................... 157
13.2.2 profileInfoArray........................................................................................................................................................... 157
Annex A (informative) Elemental calculations and inter-PCS operations............................................................... 158
Annex B (informative) Gamut Boundary Description.................................................................................................................. 183
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Annex C (informative) ICC colour appearance model transformations..................................................................... 186

Annex D (informative) Named colour profiles..................................................................................................................................... 188
Annex E (informative) Sparse matrix operations.............................................................................................................................. 190
Annex F (informative) calculatorElement text representation and examples.................................................... 194
Annex G (informative) BRDF overview and description............................................................................................................ 198
Annex H (informative) Directional emissive colour....................................................................................................................... 208
Annex I (informative) Multiplex connection spaces....................................................................................................................... 209
Annex J (informative) ColorEncodingSpace profiles...................................................................................................................... 214
Annex K (informative) Workflow scenarios and CMM processing control options....................................... 215
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 220

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ISO 20677:2019
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
viii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 20677:2019(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso
.org/iso/foreword.html. (standards.iteh.ai)
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology, in cooperation
with the International Color Consortium (ICC). ISO 20677:2019
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved ix

ISO 20677:2019(E)

Introduction
0 General
This document defines specifications that provide a platform for defining extended (iccMAX) colour
management profiles and systems for various colour workflow domains. It can be thought of as
an extension to ISO 15076-1, defined by the International Color Consortium® (ICC). ISO 15076-1
specifies a profile format that is intended to provide a cross-platform profile format for the creation
and interpretation of colour data. Central to ISO 15076-1 is the encoding of colour transforms between
device colour encodings and profile connection spaces (PCSs) based upon D50 colorimetry with the
CIE 1931 Standard 2-degree observer. For many workflows ISO 15076-1 has proven adequate for
defining successful colour management systems. For other workflows ISO 15076-1 has been found to
be limited in the flexibility of encoding colour transforms as well as defining means of profile colour
connection that incorporate physical attributes of colour in addition to mere colour appearance.
The intent of this document is to provide a platform on which domain-specific specifications can be
defined that make use of these extensions to the existing cross-platform profile format of ISO 15076-1.
Thus, there is greater flexibility for defining colour transforms and PCSs to meet needs that cannot
easily be met with ISO 15076-1. As such, it is not envisioned that all colour management systems that
use this document will implement all the features or capabilities specified by this document. Specific
requirements related to what is necessary to be implemented and supported relative to this document
can be found in workflow domain specifications. Additionally, for some domain-specific workflows
it is envisioned that there will be the need for simultaneous support for and interaction between
ISO 15076-1 and profiles defined by this document.
It is assumed that the reader of this document has a good understanding of ISO 15076-1 as well as a
(standards.iteh.ai)
good understanding of colour science and imaging, such as familiarity with CIE, ISO and IEC colour
standards, general knowledge of device measurement and characterization, and familiarity with at
least one operating system level colour management system.
ISO 20677:2019
The following subclauses introduce a few of the more significant differences from ISO 15076-1.
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
0.1 Extended profile connection spaces
0.1.1 ISO 15076-1 PCS encoding
In ISO 15076-1 PCS transform results are encoded relative to D50 with a 2-degree observer. If and when
ISO 15076-1-based profiles are used in conjunction with this document, the PCS encoding specified in
ISO 15076-1 are used with necessary conversions as needed.
0.1.2 Extended PCS encoding
PCS encoding is extended to allow PCS transform results to be relative to arbitrary illuminants and
observers. Profile connection conditions (PCC) provided by either a profile or directly to the colour
management module (CMM) can be applied to convert between different illuminants and observers.
Additionally, a profile can define use of a spectrally-based PCS independent of the colorimetric-based
PCS usage, with separate transform data between device encoding and the colorimetry and spectral
PCS encodings.
0.2 Extended transform encoding
0.2.1 ISO 15076-1 transform encoding
ISO 15076-1 defines transforms using integer encoding in AToBx and BToAx tags. Floating point
transform encoding can additionally be specified in optional DToBx and BToDx tags using multi-
processing element tags.
Integer-based LUT tags have specific requirements for transform data and order.
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ISO 20677:2019(E)

The multi-processing element tag type allows a sequence of transform elements to be applied in order
to transform between device encoding and PCS encoding. The processing elements consist of matrices,
one-dimensional curve sets and n-dimensional lookup tables.
0.2.2 iccMAX extended transform encoding
Spectrally-based PCS transforms are encoded using DToBx/BToDx tags when a spectral PCS is used.
Colorimetric-based PCS transforms are encoded in matrix/TRC based profiles or AToBx/BToAx tags.
Additionally, AToBx/BToAx tag transforms can be encoded using the multi-processing element tag type.
The multi-processing element tag type is extended to provide greater flexibility as well as encoding
brevity in defining transforms. Extended elements include a stack-based programmable transform
calculator, single-segment curves, N-D lookup tables with integer encoding, colour appearance model
(CAM) conversions, sparse matrix processing and tint arrays.
Multi-processing element-based tags are used to define PCC within a profile. The CMM applies these
tags as needed to perform PCS conversions.
0.2.3 Late-binding processing elements
The multi-processing element tag type has been extended to allow for processing elements that
provide late-binding of the observer and/or illuminant from the PCC utilized by the profile. Either
spectral information inside select processing elements is converted to colorimetric data shortly
before processing of colour transforms is to be performed, or spectral to colorimetric transforms are
established for processing of colour transformations. This late-binding of spectral to colorimetric
processing is based on the PCC utilized by the multi-processing element. The media-white point and
illuminant colorimetry used for absolute/relative PCS processing is also adjusted based upon the
combined profile/PCC relationships when late-binding processing elements are used.
(standards.iteh.ai)
0.3 Colour encoding space profiles
ISO 20677:2019
0.3.1 General https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/54278abb-779b-47a9-a2eb-
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
In ISO 15076-1, profiles define transforms that go from device to PCS. However, in some workflows the
essential requirement is a method of defining what the data are rather than providing a transform that
converts the data into a representation of colour.
0.3.2 Colour space encoding
This document establishes a ColorEncodingSpace profile class to define profiles that can be used when
the content owner wishes to identify the colour encoding of digital colour content and does not wish to
provide a colour transformation to be used in converting or adapting the digital colour content from the
identified current colour space encoding to any other colour space encoding.
0.4 Multiplex connection space profiles
0.4.1 General
Generally, the data encoding sides of profile transforms are not used to connect profiles using
ISO 15076-1. Connection of data encoding channels is only meaningful when the number, order and
encoding of the data encoding channels are identical. However, in some workflows, flexibility in the
number and order of the channels is desirable with a meaningful way of identifying the encoding of the
channels.
0.4.2 Multiplex connection space encoding
This document defines an additional profile connection mechanism that allows multiplex connection
space (MCS) channels to be connected. MCS connection provides a means of defining flexible
connection between “device like” channels of profiles that are identified by name. Order and existence
of channels is flexible with the ability for a profile to specify subset requirements on the MCS channels
in the connected profile and default values specified for missing channels. The input profile class
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ISO 20677:2019(E)

has been extended to have an optional tag that connects to an MCS. Additionally, MultiplexLink and
MultiplexVisualization profile classes have been defined for MCS processing.
0.5 Bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) and directional emission profiles
0.5.1 General
ISO 15076-1 assumes 0:45 measurement geometry for reflection prints and diffuse radiance of displays.
However, in many conditions colour appearance can change due to changes in lighting or viewing angle.
Such goniochromatic effects cannot be encoded or communicated using ISO 15076-1.
0.5.2 Bidirectional reflection distribution function encoding
This document provides the ability to encode bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF)
information, as well as example surface information, that 3D rendering systems can use to emulate
goniochromatic effects. In this case the BRDF information is provided directly to the 3D rendering
system without extensive colour management system involvement. Additionally, BRDF information can
be used to define and communicate goniochromatic properties of named colours.
0.5.3 Directional emission function encoding
This document provides the ability to encode directional emission information which can be used to
define and communicate goniochromatic properties of colours by viewing angle and relative position
on a display.
0.6 Rendering intents
In ISO 15076-1 four rendering intents are defined: perceptual, media-relative colorimetry, ICC-absolute
(standards.iteh.ai)
colorimetry and saturation. For the purposes of supporting spectrally-based PCSs, the media-relative
colorimetry and ICC-absolute colorimetry intents are referred to in this document as media-relative
and ICC-absolute intents which apply to both colorimetric as well as spectral conditions.
ISO 20677:2019
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
xii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20677:2019(E)
Image technology colour management — Extensions to

architecture, profile format and data structure
1 Scope
This document is based on ISO 15076-1, and describes an expanded profile specification and profile
connections that permit greater flexibility and functionality than ISO 15076-1. All definitions and
requirements in ISO 15076-1 are therefore in force unless otherwise specified by this document.
This document defines minimum structural and operational requirements for writing and reading
ICC profiles. Additional workflow requirements and restrictions are defined in domain-specific
interoperability conformance specification (ICS) documents approved and registered by the ICC.
In this document, some ISO 15076-1 types have been removed, and others have been added. A colour
management module (CMM) compatible with profiles conforming to this document will have backwards
compatibility with profiles conforming to ISO 15076-1.
Where the name of a type in this document is the same as a type in ISO 15076-1, the type definition is
based on the ISO 15076-1 definition. The exception is the definition of the MPE type, which has been
expanded.
Where the extensions described in this document are not required in a particular workflow, ISO 15076-1
is used as the basis for colour management profiles and architectures.
(standards.iteh.ai)
2 Normative references ISO 20677:2019
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document.20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15076-1, Image technology colour management — Architecture, profile format and data structure —
Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2010
ISO 17972-1, Graphic technology — Colour data exchange format — Part 1: Relationship to CxF3 (CxF/X)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1.1
profile connection conditions
PCC
information used to define illuminant, observer for PCS along with transforms to convert to and from
custom colorimetry and standard D50 colorimetry for the standard 2° observer
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1

ISO 20677:2019(E)

3.1.2
profile connection space
PCS
colour space used to connect the source and destination profiles
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 15076-1:2010, Annex D for a full description.
3.2 Abbreviated terms
ANSI American National Standards Institute
BRDF bidirectional reflectance distribution function
CAM colour appearance model
CIE Commission Internationale de l’eclairage (International Commission on Illumination)
CLUT colour lookup table (multi-dimensional)
CMM colour management module
CMY cyan, magenta, yellow
CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow, key (black)
CRD iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

colour rendering dictionary
CRT cathode-ray tube (standards.iteh.ai)

EPS encapsulated postscript
ISO 20677:2019
ICC https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/54278abb-779b-47a9-a2eb-
International Color Consortium
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
ICS interoperability conformance specification
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO International Organization for Standardization
LCD liquid crystal display
LUT lookup table
MCS multiplex connection space
PCC profile connection conditions
PCS profile connection space
RGB red, green, blue
TIFF tagged image file format
TRC tone reproduction curve
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 20677:2019(E)

4 Extended basic types
4.1 General
This document assumes the inclusion of all basic types listed in ISO 15076-1, with the exception of 7-bit
ASCII. Only extended types in this document are listed below.
4.2 Extended basic type listing
4.2.1 azimuthNumber
An azimuthNumber corresponds to an azimuth angle for BRDF and directional transformations. It shall
be encoded as a floating point number that is provided as input to a multiProcessElementType in any of
the BRDF function tags (brdfAToB0Tag, brdfAToB1Tag, brdfAToB2Tag, brdfAToB3Tag, brdfBToA0Tag,
brdfBToA1Tag, brdfBToA2Tag, brdfBToA3Tag, brdfBToD0Tag, brdfBToD1Tag, brdfBToD2Tag,
brdfBToD3Tag, brdfDToB0Tag, brdfDToB1Tag, brdfDToB2Tag, brdfDToB3Tag, directionalAToB0Tag,
directionalAToB1Tag, directionalAToB2Tag, directionalAToB3Tag, directionalBToA0Tag,
directionalBToA1Tag, directionalBToA2Tag, directionalBToA3Tag, directionalBToD0Tag,
directionalBToD1Tag, directionalBToD2Tag, directionalBToD3Tag, directionalDToB0Tag,
directionalDToB1Tag, directionalDToB2Tag, directionalDToB3Tag).
The azimuthNumber encoding range shall be from 0,0 to 1,0, with 0,0 representing −180,0 degrees
and 1,0 representing +180,0 degrees. Figure 1 shows the azimuth angle in relation to the normal and
zenith angles.
(standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 20677:2019
20829f36b1dd/iso-20677-2019
Key
a surface normal
b lighting/viewer
c zenith angle
d azimuth angle
Figure 1 — Normal, zenith and azimuth angles
4.2.2 float16Number
A float16Number shall be a half-precision 16-bit floating-point number as specified in IEEE 754,

excluding infinities and “not a number” (NaN) values.
NOTE 1 A 16-bit IEEE 754 floating-point number has a 5-bit exponent and a 10-bit mantissa.
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7.2.15 Device model field (bytes 52 to 55)............................................................................................................... 22

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Annex C (informative) ICC colour appearance model transformations..................................................................... 186

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

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xii ﻿ © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Image technology colour management — Extensions to

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms

3.1 Terms and definitions

© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved ﻿ 1

3.2 Abbreviated terms

ANSI American National Standards Institute

BRDF bidirectional reflectance distribution function

CAM colour appearance model

CIE Commission Internationale de l’eclairage (International Commission on Illumination)

CLUT colour lookup table (multi-dimensional)

CMM colour management module

CMY cyan, magenta, yellow

CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow, key (black)

CRD iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

CRT cathode-ray tube (standards.iteh.ai)

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

ISO International Organization for Standardization

LCD liquid crystal display

LUT lookup table

MCS multiplex connection space

PCC profile connection conditions

PCS profile connection space

RGB red, green, blue

TIFF tagged image file format

TRC tone reproduction curve

2 ﻿ © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

4 Extended basic types

4.2 Extended basic type listing

Figure 1 — Normal, zenith and azimuth angles

A float16Number shall be a half-precision 16-bit floating-point number as specified in IEEE 754,

© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved ﻿ 3

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