Manual 7
Manual 7
Manual 7
OBJECTIVES
Microsoft PowerPoint is widely used for making professional quality presentations in a variety of
formats, including on-screen computer slide shows, black-and-white or color overheads, and 35mm
slides. You can also use it for speaker's notes and audience hand-outs. In addition, PowerPoint can be
used as a drawing package for preparing pictures, forms, posters and leaflets (for example, we use it to
produce our Introduction to Computing Quick Guides for lectures).
1. Start by opening an example file to see how a presentation looks and what PowerPoint can do. Click
on the Start button in the bottom left corner of the screen and choose My Programs.
2. Move to Microsoft office.
3. Finally, click on Microsoft Office PowerPoint.
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4. Go to the office button on the top left corner of screen and click open.
5. Browse to the folder containing example.pps icon then double click it to open file.
6. Observe different slides of the presentation to note usage of different features.
7. [Close] Windows Explorer after the presentation has finished
Note that the example presentation ran immediately on opening the file. This is because it was saved in a
special PowerPoint Show format. Presentations saved in this format will even run on a computer which
doesn't have PowerPoint installed.
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Overview of PowerPoint Presentation
1. Click on the Start button again but this time choose All Programs
2. From the sub-menu choose Microsoft Office
3. click Microsoft Office PowerPoint
Tip: If you use PowerPoint quite frequently, it's worth adding it as an icon on the Desktop. To do this,
repeat the above steps 1 and 2 but, at the last step 3, right click (i.e., press the right mouse button) and
choose Send To followed by Desktop (create shortcut). To load PowerPoint in future, simply double
click on the desktop icon.
You are presented with the screen below, ready to enter information onto your first (title) slide:
The main part of the screen is divided into two sections. The main section shows the current slide, while
on the left, slide miniatures appear, allowing you to see the current slide in its context.
In the very top left corner of the screen is the [Office Button] which can be used to open or print your
presentation. To the right of this is the Quick Access Toolbar which contains icons to common
commands, e.g., save and undo. Below this is the Ribbon, with tabs along the top. Each tab has a set of
icons which are used to give instructions to PowerPoint. Currently the Home tab is displayed.
At the very bottom of the window, is the Status Bar. This shows various information, e.g., which slide
you are currently looking at (here you are on slide 1) and the language you’re working in. On the right-
hand side of the Status Bar are icons to change the view of the slides and to zoom in or out.
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You are going to create a presentation, consisting initially of 6 slides. It's best to follow the notes exactly,
step by step, though you can use your own information, if you prefer.
Throughout these notes, mention will be made of good practice so far as accessibility is concerned.
The first slide has the layout for a Title Slide (usually you start a presentation with a title slide, though you
don't have to). The layout has two boxes with a dotted frame. These boxes are called placeholders.
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Those provided here can contain text. (You will be meeting other types of placeholders later.)
1. Click on Click to add title to activate the top main title placeholder and type ITC Lab Session
Note that the default font is Calibri (Headings), the size is large (44 pt.), and the title is center-aligned in
the placeholder. Calibri is a sans-serif font; these are recommended for good accessibility
2. Click on the lower placeholder, click to add subtitle, and type Computer Training
If you find the text on the screen a bit small to read then increase the magnification using the zoom
facility in the bottom right-hand corner of the Status Bar. Use the slider or click on the [Zoom level] (%)
button.
It's a good idea to save your work at regular intervals whilst you are working on it rather than wait until
you have finished the last slide. For example, you could save every 15 minutes or after completing each
slide (recall we are going through a major electricity crisis).
1. Click on the [Office Button] in the top left-hand corner and choose Save (or use the [Save] button on
the Quick Access Toolbar) – better still, use <Ctrl s> from the keyboard.
The File name: has already been set for you (PowerPoint uses the main title you entered on the first
slide – ITC Lab Session) - you can change this here if you want. PowerPoint automatically adds a
.pptx extension.
2. Ensure that save in: is set to My Documents then press <Enter> for [Save]
If you wish to save your presentation in the older 2003 format, change Save as type to PowerPoint
97-2003 Presentation (*.ppt). This would make it easier for anyone who has an older version of
PowerPoint to open and edit the presentation.
Note, however, that if a document is saved as an earlier version, then some new features added to
PowerPoint may not be saved (you are warned what these are). It’s also worth noting some of the other
Save as type options such as
a. .pps or .ppsx for PowerPoint slideshows;
b. .pdf for a non-editable copy in PDF format;
c. .png, .gif or .jpg for graphics format;
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d. .html for web pages.
1. Click on the [New Slide] button on the left of the Home tab in the Slides group (click on the icon not
on the words New Slide) or simply press <Ctrl m> A new slide appears in a different slide layout
from the first called Title and Content. There are several different slide layouts available (which you
can get to if you click on the words New Slide rather than the icon).
2. Click in the Title placeholder (where it says Click to add title) and type Introduction
3. Click in the Content placeholder (where it says Click to add text) to activate it
Tip: You can jump between placeholders by pressing <Ctrl Enter> on the keyboard.
4. Type in the following details, pressing <Enter> after each bulleted item:
a. Different Ways of Learning
b. Training Materials
c. Training Sessions
d. Training Topics
There are a number of ways that you could change the look of your text on this slide. You could,
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3. change the font color
4. change the case (upper, lower) of the text
5. increase or decrease the line spacing between the bullet points
IMPORTANT: if you wanted to apply all or some of the above changes to every slide in a presentation,
you would need to make the changes on the Master Slide. It’s best to do this before you start typing your
words onto the slides. (You will look at Master Slides later).
To make changes to all your text you need to have the placeholder selected:
1. Press <Esc> (in the top left corner of the keyboard) – the placeholder handles are displayed
2. On the Home tab in the Paragraph group, click on the down arrow next to the [Bullets] button
3. Choose the bullet character required (e.g., the tick marks or checkmark bullets)
Optional You can also get to further choices after doing step 2 above by choosing Bullets and
Numbering… at the bottom of the list. Here there are [Customize...] and [Picture...] buttons that allow
you to choose non-standard characters and pictures as bullets. Take care when choosing non-standard
characters as they may result in poor accessibility - it's best to stick to those offered here, unless you
know what you are doing. Note also that the size of the bullet point can be changed relative to the text, as
can its color.
4. To use a different font, click on the down arrow next to [Font] button on the Home tab, and choose
the font you want
5. Next, to change the font color, click on the down arrow next to [Font Color] button in the Font group
Click on the square of the color that you want (or click on More Colors… and select a color from
there then press <Enter> for [OK])
6. To change the case of the text, e.g., turn all the letters to UPPERCASE or to lowercase Click on the
down arrow next to [Change Case] in the Font group and choose the case required
7. Finally, to change the line spacing of the bulleted points Click on the down arrow next to [Line
Spacing] button in the Paragraph group on the Home tab. Choose the line spacing required, e.g., 1.5
for one and a half line spacing
Note: the last item in the list, Line Spacing Options…, gives you access to further settings, e.g., to
change the spacing before or after a paragraph.
8. To change the bullet point symbol, font, font color or case on a particular bullet point, simply select
that line (drag through it or click three times on the mouse button) then carry out the instructions as
above. Note that you can also use the [Format Painter] (the paint brush icon in the Clipboard group
on the left of the Home tab) to copy the format of one list entry to another (or to the whole list).
9. You don’t have to have bulleted points at all, if you don’t want them for a particular line. To turn
them off Click on the line you don’t want bulleted (here, click on the first line in the list) Next, click
on the [Bullets] button (click on the icon itself, not the list arrow)
10. Your bullet point should now have disappeared. Note, however, that if the text stretches onto a
second line, that would still be indented. You would need to change the paragraph settings by right
clicking on it and choosing Paragraph…. Under Indentation set Before text: to 0 and change
Special: from Hanging to (None).
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11. End by redisplaying the bullet – press <Ctrl z> for [Undo]
What if you decide that you would like to add a picture to illustrate this slide? The easiest way to do this,
keeping what you've done already, is to choose a slide layout which includes a picture placeholder.
2. In the second row, click on [Two Content] – a new placeholder appears on the right
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Adding a picture from clip art gallery
This new placeholder has content icons (in the center) as well as the usual bullet points at the top. These
let you add a Table, Chart, SmartArt, Picture, Clip Art or Media Clip respectively. To insert some Clip
Art:
1. Click on [Clip Art] (the second icon in the bottom row)– a Clip Art pane appears on the right
2. Type computer into the Search for: box at the top of the pane then press <Enter> for [Go]
3. A Microsoft Clip Organizer prompt appears - click on [Yes] for 1000s of additional clip art images,
4. Click on the picture you want, to add it to your slide
Your chosen clip art will be inserted, and an extra Picture Tools Format tab is added to the Ribbon:
The buttons on this tab allow you to change things like the picture's brightness, contrast and color (in the
Adjust group). The crop tool (in the Size group) lets you cut off unwanted areas by trimming down the
edges of the picture. You can experiment with these options if you like. Clicking on the slide, away from
the clip art, changes back to the Home tab. When you click on the clip art again, the Picture Tools Format
tab reappears.
With the clip selected, you can easily change its size, position or rotate it. To change the size:
5. Point the cursor to one of the white circles or squares (border handles) around the picture then hold
down the mouse button and drag the handle out (to make it bigger) or in (to make it smaller)
6. To reposition the image, point inside the picture placeholder then hold down the mouse button and
drag it to the required position (or use the <arrow keys> on the keyboard)
7. To rotate the clip, move the pointer over the green circle then hold down the mouse button and move
the mouse in a circular motion
Tip: To do the above steps more accurately, you can use the [Height] and [Width] buttons in the Size
group and the [Rotate] option in the Arrange group on the Picture Tools Format tab.
It’s easy to change the clip if you decide you prefer another:
8. Click on the clip to select it then press the <Delete> key – the content items reappear
Click on the [Clip Art] icon (the pane closes) then clicks on it again and choose a new clip as before.
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Applying a theme
A theme can make your presentation look more professional. The default theme uses black text on a white
background. This is somewhat boring and simple, but good for accessibility. To see the different themes:
1. Click on the Design tab – the ribbon changes to show a number of different themes:
2. Move the mouse pointer over any of the themes – the current slide will display the chosen theme
3. For more schemes, click on the [More] button at the foot of the scroll bar on the right of the themes
4. Click on your preferred theme - both slides should now display the new theme
Tip: If you right click on a slide, you can choose whether to Apply to All Slides or Apply to Selected
Slides.
Usually, all the slides in a presentation will have the same theme but, if your presentation is split into
different sections, then you could consider using a different theme for each section.
Most of the themes use contrasting text and background colors to maximize accessibility, i.e., light text
on a dark background or dark text on a light background. This helps to make the text clearer and easier to
read. Note that some themes contain pictures or patterns that could cause viewing problems for certain
people. You can always apply a different theme later if you decide the current one is unsuitable.
Activity: Create the following slides in the same way (going from left to right, downwards), choosing
the correct layout for each as you proceed:
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1. Slide 3 (Different Ways of Learning) is identical to slide 2, apart from the text. You could duplicate
slide 2 and then modify the text on the new slide. To do this, right click on the slide 2 miniature and
choose Duplicate Slide from the pop-up menu
2. On slide 4 (Training Topics), a Two Content slide layout is used. In each content box, there are some
sub-bullet points below the two main ones (i.e., Microsoft Office and Other Programs). To create
these:
a. Having typed the main list item, press <Enter> to add a new main bullet point Increase
List Level
Press <Tab> or click on the [Increase List Level] button to set a sublevel bullet (<Shift
Tab> or [Decrease List Level] can be used to move back to a higher level)
b. Type in the required text, press <Enter> and then type in the next sub-bullet point
3. For slide 5 (Training Sessions), a Title and Content slide layout is used. Within the main content
box, the [Insert Chart] icon was used to choose a pie chart. The original data in the chart was
changed through the Excel table that appears, and the [Quick Layout] button on the Chart Tools
Design tab was used to get percentages onto the chart Insert Chart
4. On slide 6 (Training on Office), a Title and Content layout is used to produce an organization
Enter the information that you want in the boxes - to delete/add boxes or shapes right click on them then
choose the appropriate option from the shortcut menu
Remember to save the latest version of your presentation - press <Ctrl s>. At this point, it’s also worth
doing a spell check on your presentation – to do this, move to the Review tab and then click on the
[Spelling] button on the left.
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Guides, Gridlines and Rulers
When creating your slides, the placeholders have largely been left in their default positions. Often, people
move them around slightly, usually to cram extra information onto a slide. This isn’t good practice – not
only do you end up with too much on a slide but the consistency of layout is lost. If you do need to do this
then it’s better to do so on the Master Slide (see later) but it also helps if you display the Rulers and
Guides. To do this:
1. Right click on a slide background and choose Ruler – a ruler appears at the top and left
2. Right click again and this time choose Grid and Guides… - the following dialog box appears:
3. Turn on Display grid on screen and Display drawing guides on screen – press <Enter> for [OK]
The guides are the lines which split the slide exactly into quarters, while the default grid is shown by
dotted lines 2cm square. Each dot represents 0.4cm. Objects are lined up with the grid; to see this:
To hide the grid, repeat step 2 then turn off Display grid on screen – press <Enter> for [OK]
Knowing about the grid and guides will help you position placeholders exactly but, better still, don’t be
tempted to move them at all.
PowerPoint Views
It is possible to view your presentation in a number of different ways. To switch between views:
1. Either: Click on the View tab at the top and choose one of the first 4 icons on the ribbon below
2. Or: Use the buttons at the bottom right of the window (just to the left of the Zoom options)
The table below gives a better idea of what the 3 different view buttons give you:
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View On Screen Use To
Normal View Shows the slides in miniature, Edit contents of slides; try out
the slide in full, and speaker's animation effects
notes underneath
Slide Sorter Shows a miniature of each Add, delete and move slides;
slide in the current order rehearse timings
Slide Show Plays the presentation on Practice presentation
screen from the current slide
From the View tab on the Ribbon, there are also the following options:
1. Slide Show icon runs the presentation, similar to the button, but from the first slide
2. Notes Page gives a view with more space for speaker's notes under the slide. Here, you can type up
exactly what you plan to say for each slide. The notes can then be printed out so you have them to
consult when giving an actual presentation
3. Zoom... changes the magnification – Fit to Window displays the whole slide in the available space
There are several ways to move between slides, when preparing a presentation in Normal view:
1. Click on the required slide miniature in the left-hand section of the screen
2. Use the scroll bar on the right of the main display - drag the indicator up or down (the current slide
details are displayed as you do so)
3. Use the double arrow buttons ([Previous Slide] and [Next Slide]) at the foot of the scroll bar
4. Press the <Page Up> or <Page Down> keys
5. Use the <up arrow> or <down arrow> keys
Decide which of the above best suits you and then try moving through your current presentation.
It's easiest to delete slides in Slide Sorter view (though you can also do so in Normal view), especially if
you have a lot of slides to deal with:
1. Click on the [Slide Sorter] button (either on the Status Bar or View tab)
2. Click on the slide to be deleted (e.g., slide 4, Training Topics) then press the <Delete> key
3. To reinstate the deleted slide (you were just practicing), press <Ctrl z> for [Undo]
You might want to hide a slide – for example, if you are giving the presentation to a different group of
people for whom that slide is not appropriate. When a slide is hidden it remains within the PowerPoint
file, but is not displayed during the presentation. To hide a slide:
4. Right click on the slide to be hidden (in Normal View you have to right click on the slide miniature)
5. From the shortcut menu choose Hide Slide - you’ll find that the number underneath the slide now has
a line through it indicating that it’s hidden
6. To show the slide again, just repeat steps 4 and 5
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Tip: To display a hidden slide when running a show, press the <h> key on the keyboard.
As with deleting slides, the easiest way to move slides around is within Slide Sorter view:
Note: In Normal view you can change the order by moving (drag & drop) the slide miniatures up and
down the left panel. In both views, you can also cut/copy and paste slides via the Clipboard.
In Notes Page view, you can create notes that you can print out and use as a guide during your
presentation. Each printed page contains an image of the corresponding slide and its notes.
1. Select one of your slides then, on the View tab, click on the [Notes Page] icon
2. Click in the notes placeholder below the copy of the slide (where it says Click to add text)
3. To see what you are typing, click on the [Zoom] icon on the ribbon, select 100% and click [OK]
4. Type in some notes for the speaker, for example: Remember to say...
5. Close the notes page view by clicking on the [Normal] button (on the Status Bar or View tab)
6. Press <Ctrl s> to save any changes to your file
Note: You can also add notes in Normal View (where it says Click to add notes at the bottom of the
slide).
Once you have made the slides for a presentation, you can run it as a slide show. If you use the [Slide
Show] button on the Status Bar then the show will begin from the currently-selected slide; if you use the
icon from the View tab (or press <F5>) then the show starts from the first slide. Note that you can also go
to the Slide Show tab on the Ribbon and choose either [From Beginning] or [From Current Slide].
Tip: You can also run a presentation from the current slide using the key combination <Shift F5>.
1. Click on slide 1 to ensure the show starts from the very beginning
2. Click on the [Slide Show] button (or use <F5> or Slide Show from the View tab)
3. To move forward one slide, click the left mouse button
Note: <Enter>, <n>, <right arrow>, <down arrow> or the <spacebar> on the keyboard also work.
4. To move back one slide, press the <left arrow> key (or <p> or <up arrow>)
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You can also click the right mouse button to display a popup menu. This presents you with a number of
useful tools, including:
Note: you can also jump to a particular slide by typing in its number and pressing <Enter>
Note: you can also activate these by pressing <b> or <w> on the keyboard while running a show
Note: to activate the pen press <Ctrl p> while running a show; <Ctrl a> redisplays the pointer
a. Help gives information about other key combinations you can use during the show
b. End Show - use this if you need to finish early or it's been a disaster!
Note: to leave the slide show at any other time, press the <Esc> key
After the last slide, PowerPoint displays a black End of slide show screen. If you have added ink
annotations to your slides you are asked if you want to keep them (the original slides will be changed if
you do); you are then returned to the previous view. See the Running Presentations in PowerPoint for
further information.
Presentations are greatly improved by adding animation. PowerPoint gives you a wide selection of built-
in animations, both when moving between one slide and the next and within each slide (as you introduce
points in a list, for example).
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Slide Transitions
Instead of simply moving abruptly from one slide to another during a presentation, slide transitions allow
slides to dissolve into each other, using a variety of different special effects. These can make your on-
screen presentation look even better and more professional, but don't get too carried away!
1. Check you are in Normal view and that the first slide is selected
2. Move to the Animations tab at the top to show the following ribbon:
Across the middle of the ribbon, you’ll see certain transition effects. As you move over each one, you’ll
see the transition effect on the slide. Just to the right of these is a vertical scroll bar – use the up and down
arrows on the scroll bar to change the set of transition effects that are showing (there is also a More arrow
underneath that will show you all the different transition effects in one window).
Note that a small star symbol appears to the left of the first slide miniature - this indicates that a transition
has been setup on this slide. Next, explore the options in the Transition to This Slide group on the ribbon:
Set the Transition Speed: of the transition effect to Medium or Slow to see the effect more clearly.
You can also set up a Transition Sound: but note that the speakers have been disabled on the ITS Lab
PCs.
Another useful feature moves on a slide automatically (without you having to click the mouse button):
4. Under Advance Slide, set the next slide to appear Automatically After a set number of seconds
5. Move to the next slide and repeat steps 3 to 5, choosing different effects
6. Finally save your presentation (press <Ctrl s>) then run it (<F5>) to see the effects - press <Esc>
when you've seen enough
Having different transition effects between slides may add interest but it isn’t good practice. It distracts
from the talk and isn’t good for accessibility. It’s best to stick to one transition throughout (and only use a
different one for effect, if you need to). To standardize the transition:
7. Remove the current effects by choosing [No Transition] (the first one in the list of available effects)
then click on the [Apply to All] button
8. Next, choose your preferred transition (repeat steps 3 and 4) then click on [Apply to All]
9. Finally, repeat step 7 to see the effects
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Animation Schemes
PowerPoint allows information on your slides to appear one item at a time. This stops your audience from
reading ahead of you, making them concentrate on each point individually. Try the following to animate
your bullet points:
1. Click on a slide with a bulleted list on it (e.g., slide 2) and make sure that the Animations tab is still
showing on the Ribbon
2. Click within the bullet point area on the slide and then click on the list arrow next to No Animation
in the Animations group:
Only a few animation schemes are listed. Some bring in all the bullet points together, e.g., Fade All At
Once, while others bring them in one by one, e.g. Fade By 1st Level Paragraphs. As you move the mouse
over the list, you are shown what each animation looks like on the slide. Try setting up various
animations for your slides:
3. From the list of animations choose one of them, e.g., Fly In By 1st Level Paragraphs
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for another slide with bullet points, choosing a different animation
Tip: As with slide transition, it isn't a good idea to use too many different animations as they can distract
the viewer. Always bear accessibility in mind and avoid some of the more 'exciting' animations.
To see more of the available animation schemes and to get to further animation options:
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5. Choose one of the slides with bullet points that you’ve already animated and click on the slide title (or
a picture if there’s one on the slide)
On the right-hand side of your PowerPoint window, the Custom Animation Task Pane should be showing
(this can always be displayed by clicking on the [Custom Animation] button in the Animations group):
6. Click on the [Add Effect] button followed by Entrance from the submenu and then More Effects...
7. Choose an entrance effect (they range from Basic to Subtle to Moderate to Exciting!) then click [OK]
8. Click the [Play] button to check that the changes you have made look correct
9. Click on the object you want to change then use the [Re-Order] buttons to move it up or down the
list - click on [Play] again to check the animation is now correct
10. Finally, save your presentation (press <Ctrl s>) then run it from the first slide (press <F5>)
Tip: You can also set up Emphasis and Exit effects and Motion Paths - for example, after bringing a
picture into the slide, you may want to emphasize it by making it grow in size. When the slide is finished,
you can get the picture to exit along a particular motion path. This is all done via the [Add Effect] button
(as step 6, above).
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Tasks:
In this lab you are going to make your very first presentation. You have to perform the following tasks in
after making a new presentation.
a. Add a new slide in the presentation think of some topic on which the whole presentation will
be based upon.
b. Add title and sub title in the first slide.
c. Now insert the new slide at position 1 and insert the picture (of Bismillah) in the slide.
d. Insert new slides and put some data in the slides.
e. Change the styling of the text written in the slides.
f. Add some animations to the slides.
g. Add slide transitions also.
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