HOSUR SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX

PRE- BOARD EXAMINATION (2024-25)

SUBJECT: PHYSICS (042)
SET 2
Class: XII Marks: 70
Date: 12.12.24 Time: 3 HRS
________________________________________________________________________
General Instructions:

(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C,
Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contain sixteen questions-twelve MCQ and four Assertion-
Reasoning based questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains five
questions of two marks each. Section C contains seven questions of three
marks each, Section D contains two case-study based questions offour
marks each and Section E contains three 3 long answer questions offive
marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been
provided in one question in Section B, one question in Section C, one
question in each CBQ in section D and all three questions in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.

You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary:
h = 6.63 x10–34 Js
e = 1.6 x10–19 C
m0 = 4p x10–7 T m A–1
e0 = 8.854 ´ 10–12 C2 N–1 m–2
1
= 9 x 109 N m2 C–2
4𝜋𝜀̥
Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 x 10–31 kg
Mass of neutron = 1.675 x 10–27kg
Mass of proton = 1.673 x10–27kg
Avogadro’s number = 6. 023 x1023per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1. 38 x 10–23 JK

SECTION- A
1. Equivalent resistance between A and B will be

(a) 2 Ω (b) 18 Ω c) 6 Ω (d) 3.6 Ω

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2. Two small spherical balls each carrying a charge Q =10µC are suspended by two
insulating threads of equal lengths 1m from a point fixed in the ceiling. It is found that
in equilibrium threads are separated by an angle 60° between them, as shown in the
figure. What is the tension in the threads?

(a) 18N (b) 1.8N (c) 0.18N (d) none of the above

3. The figure shows a particle of charge q and mass m moving with velocity v along the
X= axis enters a region of the uniform magnetic field. The minimum value of v so that
the charge q is deflected by an angle 30 ֯ is

2𝑞𝐵(𝑏−𝑎) 𝑞𝐵(𝑏+𝑎) 𝑞𝐵(𝑏−𝑎) 𝑞𝐵𝑏

(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 2𝑚

4. A current carrying loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field in four orientations I,

II, III & IV. The decreasing order of potential energy is:

(a) I > III > II > IV (b) I > II > III > IV (c) I > IV > II > III (d) III > IV > I > II

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5. An aluminum ring B faces an electromagnet A. The current through A can be altered.
Then:

(a) Whether I increase or decreases, B will not experience any force

(b) If I decrease, A will repel B
(c) If I increase, A will attract B
(d) If I increase, A will repel B

6. In a region of uniform magnetic induction B=10-2 T, a circular coil of radius 30 cm

and resistance π2Ωis rotated about an axis that is perpendicular to the direction of B and
which forms a diameter of the coil. If the coil rotates at 200rpm the amplitude of the
alternating current induced in the coil is
(a) 4π2mA (b) 30mA (c) 6mA (d) 200 mA

7. In the circuit shown in the figure, the ac source gives a voltage V=20cos(2000t).
Neglecting source resistance, the voltmeter and ammeter reading will be

(a) 0V, 0.47A (b) 1.68V, 0.47A (c) 0V,1.4A (d) 5.6V, 1.4A

8. A perfectly diamagnetic sphere has a small spherical cavity at its centre. Which is
filled with a paramagnetic substance. The whole system is placed in a uniform
magnetic field B→ . Then the field inside the paramagnetic substance is
(a) zero (b) much larger than B but opposite to B
(c) B (d) much larger than B but parallel to B

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9. A photoelectric surface is illuminated successively by monochromatic light of
wavelength λ and λ/2. If the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons in
the second case is 3 times that in the first case., the work function of the surface of the
material will be:
ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐 2ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝑐
(a) (b) (c) (d) 3𝜆
2𝜆 𝜆 𝜆
10. The wavelength of the first spectral line in the Balmer series of hydrogen atom is
6561Aͦ. The wavelength of the second spectral line in the Balmer series of singly
ionized helium atom is
(a) 1215 Aͦ (b) 1640 Aͦ (c) 2430 Aͦ (d) 4687 Aͦ
11. If the radius of the 13Al27 nucleus is taken to RAL then the radius of 53Te125 nucleus is
nearly
53 5 3 13
(a)( ) 1/3 RAL (b) RAL (c) RAL (d) ( ) 1/3 RAL
13 3 5 53

12. The electron concentration in an n- type semiconductor is the same as the hole
concentration in a p- type semiconductor. An external electric field is applied across
each of them. Compare the currents in them
(a) current in n- type > current in p- type
(b) no current will flow in p- type, current will only flow in n- type
(c) current in n- type = current in p- type
(d) Current in p- type > current in n- type
In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given followed by a
corresponding statement of Reason (R) just below it. Of the statements, mark the
correct answer as:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation
of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason is false.
13. Assertion: A wire bent into an irregular shape with the points P and Q fixed. If a
current I passed through the wire, then the area enclosed by the irregular portion of the
wire increases.

Reason: Opposite currents carrying wires repel each other.

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14. Assertion: Colors produces on compact disk (CD) when visible light exposes on it.
Reason: CD act as a diffraction grating.
15. Assertion: Figure shows a horizontal solenoid connected to a battery and a switch.
A copper ring is placed on a smooth surface, the axis of the ring being horizontal. As
the switch is closed, the ring will move away from the solenoid.

Reason: Induced emf in the ring is ε = -dφ/dt.

16. Assertion: When two semiconductors of p and n type are brought in contact, they
form p-n junction which act like a rectifier.
Reason: A rectifier is used to convert alternating current into direct current.

SECTION-B
17. A battery of emf ε and internal resistance r sends currents I1 and I2, when connected
to the external resistances R1 and R2 respectively. Find the emf and internal resistance
of the battery.
OR
Two wires of the same material having lengths in the ratio 1:2 and diameters in the
ratio 2:3 are connected in series with an accumulator. Compute the ratio of potential
difference across the two wires.
18. Answer the following:
(i) The resistance of p-n junction is low when it is forward biased and is high when it is
reverse biased.
(ii) Doping of extrinsic semiconductor is a necessity for making electronic devices.
19. A plane wavefront propagating in a medium of refractive index n1 is incident on a
plane surface making an angle of incidence (i). It enters into a medium of refractive
index n2 (n2 > n1). Using Huygens’ construction of secondary wavelets to trace the
refracted wavefront. Hence verify Snell’s law of refraction.
20. Light of wavelength λ is incident on a metallic surface of threshold wavelength λ0
(λ< λ0) and photoelectrons are emitted. (a) Write the expression for stopping potential
(V0) for the emitted electrons and (b) Draw the graph between V0 and 1/ λ.

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21. In the following diagram, an object ‘O’ is placed 15 cm in front of a convex lens L1
of focal length 20 cm and the final image is formed at ‘I’ at a distance of 80 cm from
the second lens L2. Find the focal length of the lens L2.

OR
A ray of light passing from air through an equilateral prism undergoes minimum
deviation when the angle of incidence is 3/4th of the angle of prism. Calculate the speed
of light in the prism.
SECTION- C
22. Figure shows three infinitely long straight parallel current
carrying conductors. Find the
(i) magnitude and direction of net magnetic field at point
A lying on conductor 1.
(ii) magnetic force on conductor 2.
23. (a) One requires 11 eV of energy to dissociate a carbon monoxide molecule into
carbon and oxygen atoms. The minimum frequency of the appropriate electromagnetic
radiation to achieve the dissociation lies in which region?
(b) Name one method for production and detection of X- rays.
24. (a) The current in the LCR circuit shown in the figure is observed to lead the
voltage in phase. Without making any other change in the circuit, a capacitor, of
capacitance C0 is (appropriately) joined to the capacitor C. This results in making the
current, in the joined to the capacitor C. This results in making the current, in the
modified' circuit, flow in phase with the applied voltage. Draw a diagram of the
modified circuit and obtain an expression of C0 in terms of ω, L and C.

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(b)Show graphically the variation of charge Q with time when the capacitor is charged.

25. Define resistivity of the conductor. Plot a graph showing the variations of resistivity
with temperature for a metallic conductor. How does one explain such a behaviour,
using the mathematical expression of the resistivity of the material.

26.(a) Suppose we think of fission of a 26Fe56 nucleus into two equal fragments. 13 Al 28
Is the fission energetically possible? Argue by working out Q of the process. Given
m(26Fe56) = 55.93494 u and m(13Al28) =27.98191 u.
(b) Why is the mass of the nucleus always less than the mass of the constituent
particles?

27. Using Bohr’s postulates of the atomic model, derive the expression for the radius of
nth orbit of hydrogen atom. Hence obtain the expression for Bohr’s radius. Show
graphically the variation of the radius of the orbit with the principal quantum number n.

28. Explain how potential barrier is developed in a p-n junction diode. Draw the circuit
arrangement for studying the V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in reverse bias.
Plot the V-I characteristics in this case.
OR
(a) In the given diagram, which bulb out of B1 and B2 will glow and why?

(b) On the basis of energy band diagrams, distinguish between metals, semiconductors
and insulators.
SECTION-D
29. Drift velocity is the average velocity attained by charged particles, such
as electrons, in a material due to an electric field. In general, an electron in
a conductor will propagate randomly at the Fermi velocity, resulting in an average
velocity of zero. Applying an electric field adds to this random motion a small net flow
in one direction; this is the drift.

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 Drift velocity is proportional to current. In a resistive material, it is also proportional to
the magnitude of an external electric field. Thus Ohm's law can be explained in terms
of drift velocity. The law's most elementary expression is:
u=μE
where u is drift velocity, μ is the material's electron mobility, and E is the electric field.
In the MKS system, drift velocity has units of m/s, electron mobility m2/Vs, and
electric field V/m.

(i) In a conductor, if the number of conduction electrons per unit volume is 8.5x1028m-3
and mean free time is 25fs (femto second), its approximate resistivity is (me=
9.1x10-31kg)
(a) 10-5Ωm (b) 10-6Ωm (c) 10-7Ωm (d) 10-8Ωm

(ii) When 5V potential difference applied across a wire of length 0.1m, the drift speed
of electrons is 2.5x10-4ms-1. If the electron density in the wire is 8.5x1028m-3, the
resistivity of the material is close to
(a) 1.6x10-8 Ωm (b) 1.6x10-7 Ωm (c) 1.6x10-6 Ωm (d) 1.6x10-5 Ωm

(iii) A current of 5A passes through a copper conductor (resistivity= 1.7x10-8 Ωm) of

radius of cross section 5mm, the mobility of the charges if their drift velocity is
1.1x10-3 m/s
(a) 1.3 m2/Vs (b) 1.5 m2/Vs (c) 1.8 m2/Vs (d) 1.0 m2/Vs

10−2
(iv) A copper wire of length 10m and radius m has electric resistance of 10 Ω. The
√𝜋
current density in the wire for an electric field strength of 10Vm-1 is
(a) 104 Am-2 (b) 106 Am-2 (c) 10-5 Am-2 (d) 105Am-2

OR
The mobility of charge carrier increases with
(a) Increase in the average collision time
(b) Increase in the electric field
(c) Increase in the mass of the charge carriers
(d) Decrease in the charge of the mobile carriers

30. Total internal reflection (TIR) is a phenomenon in physics where light rays
travel from a more optically denser medium to a less optically denser medium.
Consider the situation of a ray of light passing from water to air; the light ray is
refracted at the junction of the two media, bending away from the normal due to the
change in refractive indices. At a specific angle of incidence known as the critical
angle, which is when the angle of refraction is 90ᵒ. the incident ray is refracted in
such a way that it travels along the surface of the water.

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 (i) A fish looking up through the water sees the outside world, contained in a
circular horizon. If the refractive index of water is 4/3 and the fish is 12cm below
the water surface, the radius of this circle (in cm) is
36
(a) 36√7 (b) (c) 36√5 (d) 4√5
√7

(ii) A transparent solid cylindrical rod has a refractive index of 2√3. It is surrounded
by air. A light ray is incident at the mid-point of one end of the rod as shown in the
figure.

The incident angle θ for which the light ray grazes along the wall of the rod is
(a) Sin-1(1/2) (b) Sin-1(√3/2) (c) Sin-1(2/√3) (d) Sin-1(1/√3)
(iii) A ray of light travelling in a transparent medium f refractive index μ, falls on a
surface separating the medium from air at an angle of incidence of 45ᵒ. For which of
the following value of μ the ray can undergo total internal reflection?
(a) 1.33 (b) 1.40 (c) 1.50 (d) 1.25
OR
(iii) Which of the following is not due to total internal reflection?
(a) Working of optic fibre
(b) Difference between apparent and real depth of a pond
(c) Mirage on hot summer days
(d) Brilliance of diamond

(iv)A small coin is resting on the bottom of a beaker filled with liquid.
A ray of light from the coin travels up to the surface of the liquid and
moves along its surface. How fast is the light travelling in the liquid?

(a) 2.4x108ms-1 (b) 3.0x108ms-1 (c) 1.2x108ms-1 (d) 1.8x108ms-1

SECTION-E
31. (a) Explain how diffraction patterns are formed due to interference of secondary
wavelets of light from a slit.
(b) Derive the expression for the intensity at a point of the interference pattern in
Young’s double slit experiment.
OR

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 (a) The diameter of the glass sphere is 10cm. A beam of light strikes the sphere,
which converges at point 20cm behind the pole of the spherical surface. Find the
position of the image if n=1.5.
(b) A thin equi-convex lens of radius of curvature made of material of refractive
index n1 is kept coaxially, in contact with an equi- concave lens of same radius of
curvature and refractive index n2 (> n1). Find:
(i) The ratio of their powers and
(ii) the power of the combination and its nature.
32. (a) A parallel plate capacitor A of capacitance C is charged by battery of voltage V.
The battery is disconnected and an uncharged capacitor B of capacitance 2C is connected
across A. Find the ratio of
(i) final charge on A and B,
(ii) total electrostatic energy stored in A and B finally and that stored in A initially.
(b)Derive an expression for electrostatic potential energy of system of two charges in the
presence of external electric field.
OR
(a) A charge is distributed uniformly over a ring of radius ‘a’. Obtain an expression for
the electric intensity E at a point on the axis of the ring. Hence show that for points
at large distance from the ring, it behaves like a point source.
(b) An electric field is uniform, and in the positive x-direction for positive x, and
uniform with the same magnitude, but in the negative x-direction for negative x. It is
given that E = 200i^N/C for x > 0 and E = - 200i^N/C for x < 0 A right circular
cylinder of length 20 cm and radius 5 cm has its centre at the origin and its axis
along the x-axis so that one face is at x = +10 cm and other is at x = -10 cm.
(a) What is the net outward flux through each flat face?
(b) What is the flux through the side of the cylinder?
(c) What is the net outward flux through the side of the cylinder?

33.(a) Use Biot- Savart’s law to derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a
circular coil of radius R, N turns at a point on the axis at a distance ’x’ from its
centre. How is the direction of the magnetic field determined at this point? Draw the
magnetic field lines due to this coil.

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 (b) A straight thick long wire of uniform cross section of radius ‘a’ is carrying
steady current I. Use Ampere’s circuital law to obtain a relation showing the
variation of magnetic field (B), inside and outside the wire with distance r (r ≤ a)
and (r>a) of the field point from the centre of its cross section. Plot the graph
showing the variation of field B with distance r.
OR
(a) State and explain Gauss law in magnetism.
(b) Compare any two properties of dia, para and ferromagnetic substances.
(c) A metallic rod of length L is rotated at an angular speed ω normal to a uniform
magnetic field B. Derive the expression for the (i) emf induced in the rod and
(ii) heat dissipation, if the resistance of the rod is R.

***

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