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Python_Functions_Reference

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8 views

Python_Functions_Reference

Uploaded by

yohanmathew1906
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python String, List, Tuple, and Dictionary Functions

String Functions

upper(): Converts all characters of a string to uppercase.

Example:

'hello'.upper() => 'HELLO'

lower(): Converts all characters of a string to lowercase.

Example:

'HELLO'.lower() => 'hello'

find(): Returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring. Returns -1 if not found.

Example:

'search'.find('r') => 3

Exception: No exception, just returns -1 if not found.

replace(): Replaces all occurrences of a substring with another substring.

Example:

'replace'.replace('e', 'a') => 'raplaca'

strip(): Removes leading and trailing spaces from a string.

Example:

' hello '.strip() => 'hello'

split(): Splits a string into a list based on a delimiter.

Example:

'one,two,three'.split(',') => ['one', 'two', 'three']

join(): Joins a list of strings into a single string with a specified delimiter.

Example:

','.join(['one', 'two', 'three']) => 'one,two,three'


List Functions

append(): Adds an element to the end of the list.

Example:

[1, 2].append(3) => [1, 2, 3]

extend(): Adds all elements of an iterable to the end of the list.

Example:

[1, 2].extend([3, 4]) => [1, 2, 3, 4]

pop(): Removes and returns the element at the specified index.

Example:

[1, 2, 3].pop(1) => 2 (and list becomes [1, 3])

Exception: Raises IndexError if the list is empty or index is out of range.

remove(): Removes the first occurrence of the specified value.

Example:

[1, 2, 3, 2].remove(2) => [1, 3, 2]

Exception: Raises ValueError if the value is not present.

sort(): Sorts the list in ascending order by default.

Example:

[3, 1, 2].sort() => [1, 2, 3]

reverse(): Reverses the elements of the list.

Example:

[1, 2, 3].reverse() => [3, 2, 1]


Tuple Functions

count(): Returns the number of occurrences of a specified value.

Example:

(1, 2, 2, 3).count(2) => 2

index(): Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified value.

Example:

(1, 2, 3).index(2) => 1

Exception: Raises ValueError if the value is not present.


Dictionary Functions

get(): Returns the value for the specified key if the key is in the dictionary.

Example:

{'a': 1}.get('a') => 1

Exception: Returns None if the key is not found.

keys(): Returns a view object with all the keys of the dictionary.

Example:

{'a': 1}.keys() => dict_keys(['a'])

values(): Returns a view object with all the values of the dictionary.

Example:

{'a': 1}.values() => dict_values([1])

items(): Returns a view object with a list of key-value pairs.

Example:

{'a': 1}.items() => dict_items([('a', 1)])

pop(): Removes and returns the value for the specified key.

Example:

{'a': 1}.pop('a') => 1

Exception: Raises KeyError if the key is not found.

update(): Updates the dictionary with elements from another dictionary or an iterable of key-value

pairs.

Example:

{'a': 1}.update({'b': 2}) => {'a': 1, 'b': 2}

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