UNIT 6: THE GREEN ENVIRONMENT

I. Vocabulary

biomass fuel  geothermal power  hydroelectric power  solar power  tidal energy  wind
power
A. uses water from a dam to spin turbines and generate electricity
B. transfer the sun’s energy into electricity
C. is made from plants and animal waste
D. uses the power of the ocean’s waves to generate electricity
E. uses steam within the earth to generate power
F. generates electricity from the power of the air

Fill in each gap with affordable, permanent, dependence, harness, abundant or

maintenance

(1) ________________ free source of electricity significantly lower energy bills in water
more (2) ________________ to install minimal operation and (3) ________________ cost
silent and space-saving ability to (4) ________________ electricity in sunny areas
recyclable and reusable panels turbines functional in various settings reduced (5)
________________ on fossil fuel supplies energy production beneficial to local
communities ability to store and generate power day and night (6) ________________ and
cheap power.
II. Reading
POWERING THE FUTURE
As we continue to face the impacts of climate change, having a green environment has become
increasingly important to the future of our society. To achieve this, the world is shifting towards
green energy, and two particular types of energy at the center of this movement are solar power
and wind power.
Solar power is all about harnessing the energy of the sun by using solar panels to convert
sunlight into usable electricity. This highly efficient form of energy produces zero emissions,
so it can significantly reduce our carbon footprint. Moreover, solar panels are perfect for
installation on a small scale, such as in private homes, since they require very little maintenance
and have a long lifespan. However, the ability to generate solar power depends on the time of
day and weather conditions. This means that solar panels are often less useful if they are
installed in places where sunny weather is not typical.
Wind power, on the other hand, involves converting the energy of the wind into electricity using
large turbines. Wind power doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases, but it is not ideal for private
use since turbines require consistent care. However, wind farms can be installed on a large scale
and are able to produce electricity continuously regardless of the time of day. This means that
if there were more investments in wind power, it could be a viable way to provide energy for
major cities and even for whole regions.
Wind and solar power contribute significantly to a green environment by reducing our reliance
on fossil fuel, helping us cut down on pollution and slow climate change. Additionally, using
renewable energy sources helps promote spending on sustainable development by creating new
career opportunities in the green energy sector.
For now, the biggest challenge of adopting green energy is the costs associated with installation
and infrastructure, but the benefits unquestionably outweigh the downsides. If we want to stop
the climate crisis and create a better and more sustainable future, green energy sources will
undoubtedly be the key.
 Read the text. Choose the correct answer.
1. According to paragraph 2, what is TRUE about solar power?
A. They create fewer emissions.
B. They contribute to our carbon footprint.
C. They aren’t well suited to personal use.
D. They can be used for long periods.
2. According to paragraph 4, what is NOT mentioned regarding wind and solar power?
A. They make us reliant on green energy.
B. They help combat climate change.
C. They encourage investment in green energy.
D. They create new jobs for people.
3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text?
A. The downsides of green energy could soon outweigh the benefits.
B. Green energy will enhance green living.
C. Green energy costs are rising.
D. There exists little infrastructure for renewable energy at present.

 Read the text again and decide if each of the statements (1-4) is True or False.
1. By 2055, experts predict that number to reach as high as two-thirds ___________
2. There are fewer large companies in rural area, which makes
dwellers don't have many employment options ___________________ ___________
3. Rural migration caused 2 impacts on the environment and urban
citizens: deforestation and lack of public facilities. ________________ ___________
4. Careful plan city development and suitable social policies cannot
solve the problems. ________________________________________ ___________
 Từ Nghĩa
1. _____________________
/ ˈkem.ɪ.kəl/
→ _____________________
/ ˈkem.ɪst/
→ _____________________
/ ˈkem.ɪ.stri/
2. _____________________
/kənˈsjuːm/
→ _____________________
/kənˈsjuː.mər/
→ _____________________
/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
3. _____________________
/dɪˈpend/
→ _____________________
/dɪˈpen.dənt/
→ _____________________
/dɪˈpen.dəns/
4. _____________________
/(ˌɪn.)ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/
→ _____________________
/(ˌɪn.)ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/
5. _____________________
/iˈkɒn.ə.mi/
→ _____________________
/ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪks/ /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪks/
→ _____________________
/ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk/ /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk/
→ _____________________
/iˈkɒn.ə.mɪst/
→ _____________________
/ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl/ /ek.əˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl/
→ _____________________
/ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl.i/ /ek.əˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl.i/
6. _____________________
/ˌel.ekˈtrɒn.ɪks/
→ _____________________
/ˌel.ekˈtrɒn.ɪk/
→ _____________________
/ˌel.ekˈtrɒn.ɪ.kəl.i/
7. _____________________
/ɪnˈvest/
→ _____________________
/ɪnˈvest.mənt/
→ _____________________
/ɪnˈves.tər/
8. _____________________
/əˈdɒpt/
9. _____________________
/kənˈsɪs.tənt/
10. _____________________
/ˈhɑː.nəs/

11. _____________________
/ɪnˈstɔːl/
→ _____________________
/ˌɪn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/
12. _____________________
/ˈmeɪn.tən.əns/

13. _____________________
/ˈsek.tər/
14. _____________________
/ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/
15. _____________________
/əˈbʌn.dənt/

16. _____________________
/dɪˈpliː.tɪd/
→ _____________________
/dɪˈpliː.ʃən/
17. _____________________
/ˈdʒen.ə.reɪt/
18. _____________________
/ɪmˈpækt.fəl/
19. _____________________
/ɪmˈpæk.tɪd/
20. _____________________
/ˈpɜː.mə.nənt/
21. _____________________
/pəˈluː.tənt/
22. _____________________
/prɪˈdɪk.tə.bəl/
23. _____________________
/rɪˈdʌk.ʃən/
24. _____________________

25. _____________________
/ˈkɒn.vɜːs/ /kənˈvɜːs/
26. _____________________
/dɪˈspəʊ.zə.bəl/
27. _____________________
/ˈkraɪ.sɪs/
28. _____________________

29. _____________________

30. _____________________

31. _____________________

32. _____________________

33. _____________________

34. _____________________

35. _____________________
/ˈɒp.ər.eɪt/
→ _____________________
/ˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/
→ _____________________
/ˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən.əl/
→ _____________________
/ˈɒp.ər.eɪ.tər/
36. _____________________
/prəˈdʒuːs/
→ _____________________
/prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
→ _____________________
/prəˈdʒuː.sər/
→ _____________________
/ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ə.ti/
→ _____________________
/prəˈdʌk.tɪv/
37. _____________________
/rɪˈlaɪ/
→ _____________________
/rɪˈlaɪ.əns/
→ _____________________
/rɪˌlaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
→ _____________________
/rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/
38. _____________________
/səˈsteɪn/
→ _____________________
/(ˌʌn.)səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/
→ _____________________
/səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

III. GRAMMAR:
I) Choose the correct option.
1. We _____ fewer greenhouse gases if we weren’t so reliant on fossil fuels for transport.
A. will produce B. produced C. produce D. would produce
2. If we _____ less fossil fuel, we would create fewer emissions.
A. use B. used C. will use D. would use
3. I will attend the green energy seminar this weekend if I _____ time.
A. had B. have C. will have D. would have
4. ____ fewer environmental pollutants if everyone used hydroelectric power?
A. Would there be B. Were there C. Will there be D. Are there
5. We _____ our dependence on imported fuels unless we use alternative energy sources.
A. wouldn’t reduce B. won’t reduce C. don’t reduce D. didn’t reduce
6. We would have some wind turbines here in my village if they _____ so much
maintenance.
A. don’t require B. won’t require C. didn’t require D. wouldn’t require
7. If _____, I would install solar panels on the roof of my home.
A. I were you B. I will be you C. I weren’t you D. I would be you

II) Choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction.
1. We will have more wind turbines now if they weren’t so expensive.
A B C D
2. If Mandy would be prime minister next year, she would invest more money in tidal energy.
A B C D
3. She will cycle to her office tomorrow unless is rained.
A B C D
4. If we will start a carpool next month, we will be able to reduce our carbon footprint.
A B C D
5. Unless we don’t invest in green energy sources, we will continue to rely on non-renewable
A B C D
sources.

III) Rewrite the sentences for each situation, using conditional type 1 or 2.
1. People don’t want to use fossil fuels because they create emissions.
→__________________________________________________________________
2. Susan is ill now, so she won’t attend the seminar on green energy tonight.
→__________________________________________________________________
3. I have to work on my project on geothermal power, so I won’t come to your house.
→__________________________________________________________________
4. This motorbike uses petrol, so we won’t buy it.
→__________________________________________________________________
5. Fiona wants to buy an electric bike, but she needs to save enough money first.
→__________________________________________________________________

IV) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of conditional type 3.
6. Jason would have come to the talk on geothermal energy if we ___ (tell) him about our
plans.
7. If I had known that product was bad for the environment, I ___ (not choose) it.
8. If they ___ (switch) to using wind energy earlier, they would have saved a lot of money.
9. We ___ (not/buy) this car if we had realized that it could produce lots of pollution.
10. Ann would have purchased solar panels for her home if she ___ (be) able to afford them.
11. I ___ (not/know) about how biomass energy works if I hadn’t watched the video.

V) Rewrite the sentences for each situation using conditional type 3.

1. I didn’t know the lights were on and that’s why I didn’t turn them off.
→__________________________________________________________________
2. They used so much electricity and that’s why their bill was so high.
→__________________________________________________________________
3. Maria went to the conference on hydroelectric power late because she forgot to check the
timetable.
→__________________________________________________________________
4. We learnt that the car wasn’t solar-powered, so we didn’t buy it.
→__________________________________________________________________
5. I stop using coal to heat my home last year, and it has become eco-friendly since then.
→__________________________________________________________________
VI) Choose the correct option.
1. If I had known about the importance of green energy, I _____ it from the start.
A. will support B. would support C. would have supported D. supported
2. If I were elected to the city council, I _____ a push for more sustainable energy initiatives.
A. will make B. would make C. would have made D. made
3. If we don’t take steps to address climate change, we _____ the consequences soon.
A. has faced B. would face C. would have faced D. will face
4. If we continue to use fossil fuels, we _____ our planet.
A. would have damaged B. damaged
C. would damage D. will damage
5. Unless we _____ energy, the energy crisis will become worse.
A. conserve B. don’t conserve C. didn’t conserve D. conserved
6. If I _____ you were interested in geothermal power, I would have invited you to the talk
about it yesterday.
A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know