TPD

SUMMARIZATION:
1. Introduction
The introduction discusses community-based tourism (CBT) as a sustainable

alternative for mass tourism that provides power to the local community to
govern their tourism industry independently. The study focuses on Guiuan,
Eastern Samar, particularly on Calicoan Island, which is known as the
‘Surfer’s Paradise’ of Visayas. Aside from natural attractions, the area faces
challenges in building effective strategies to empower its tourism.
This study aims to create a CBT-driven plan for developing tourism on

Calicoan Island by examining the current attractions, amenities, and
accessibility of the area. It gathers insights from the local community,
tourists, and the local government unit (LGU) to understand the challenges
and opportunities for maintaining and growing its tourism. The purpose is to
improve local livelihoods through tourism, create employment, and
strengthen the economy while enhancing the quality of life for residents.
1.1 Theoretical Framework

1.2 Theoretical Framework includes the Global Code of Ethics of the
United Nations World Tourism Organization and the Community-based
Tourism Standard of ASEAN, together with national legislation such as
Republic Act No. 9593 (Tourism Act of 2009) and the National Tourism
Development Plan (NTDP) 2016-2022. The study integrates local
insights into CBT as a strategy to ensure inclusive and sustainable
development for the island.
2. Literature Review
2.1 Background of the Tourism Industry
The tourism industry consists of the things and activities that people or
tourists are traveling or staying to other places in not more than a year that
are not their habitual place for leisure, work, and others. Tourism includes the
movement for all purposes. Tourism is not the same as traveling because
there are standards that are utilized at the same time with the end goal to
portray an output as having a place with tourism. Tourism involves a
displacement outside the usual environment, type of purpose, and duration.
Though travel and tourism were said to be different from each other, the
other two still correlate with each other. Travel and tourism were used before
for one main purpose, which is leisure.
2.2 Tourism Planning and Development
Tourism Planning is significant for the development of the industry because it

involves the coordination between the planning on the land usage,
development of the economy and communal participation for the
development and improvement of the tourism industry in the nation, region,
and a destination. Countries focusing on the development of its tourism
industry will benefit from planning. The coordination between different
sectors will result in better quality service that will satisfy the needs of
tourists and the general public. Tourism development plan programs create
guidelines for the destinations, which will help both the government and
private sectors in managing the destinations.
2.3 Community-based Tourism (CBT)
Community-based Tourism talks about how the local community of a

destination uses it as an alternative form of tourism development while
maximizing the local benefits and area capacity in order to achieve the
objectives of community development. Community-based Tourism focused
on the tourism impacts on the community and its environment while having
the participation of local people. It focuses on sustaining the environment
and trying to avoid compromising the resources that will be used by the
tourists in a certain destination.
2.4 Perspective of the Local Community
Residents who have the same beliefs or views and part of the culture or
identity of the community become competitive about development is part of
the community’s perception. Community participation plays an important
role when it comes to community-based tradition. Community involvement in
tourism development is essential when it comes to achieving sustainable
development.
2.5 Background of Calicoan Island
An Island which is famous for its white beaches and lagoons is Calicoan
Island that located in the province of Eastern Samar under the municipality
of Guiuan which is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean on its east and the Leyte
Gulf on its west. It consists of 4 barangay which is Baras, Ngolos, Pagnamitan
and Sulangan. Surfing is one of the main attraction of Calicoan Island
because the beaches boast big waves from the Pacific Ocean for surfing that
makes it a prime surfing hub in the Visayas.
2.6 The Conceptual Model

Assessing the different attractions, amenities, facilities available, and
accessibility and infrastructure in the area that serves as a pull factor for the
tourists to visit the island will help to know the current situation in that area.
The goal is having a better understanding of the different perspectives of the
stakeholders towards the community-based tourism and measuring the
different aspects identified from the internal and external environment in
developing tourism in the Calicoan Island. The tourism development plan is
formulated using a community-based approach. Using the data that is
gathered it will be able to know the different courses of action to propose
throughout the process of planning until implementation that contribute to
the community development and strengthening of the tourism industry.
2. Research Method
The research utilizes a mixed-method design that combines both quantitative

and qualitative approaches. For the quantitative part, random sampling is
used to choose 380 residents and 327 tourists from four districts of Calicoan
Island. The questions are based on the ASEAN community-based Tourism
Standard, using a 4-point Likert Scale for data collection with Descriptive
Analysis.
For the qualitative part, organized interviews were conducted with key
stakeholders, including the mayor and barangay chairman, and examined
using Thematic Analysis. The ethical guidelines are strictly followed, ensuring
the rights of participants, confidentiality, and voluntary participation.
4. Findings, Results, Discussions
4.1 Current Situation of Tourism Development Factors of Calicoan Island
The current situation of tourism development on Calicoan Island is

progressing but still has room for improvement. The available
accommodations are reliable in terms of facilities and services but are
limited in capacity, particularly during peak seasons. Tourism infrastructures
generally satisfies the needs of tourists, but the island’s tourism services are
lacking because there is only one food establishment and one souvenir shop
available. The island’s natural attractions, such as ABCD Beach, Sulangan
Beach, Linao Cave, and the Buro Buro Rock Formation, are major tourism
assets, while built attractions like St. Anthony de Padua Church and Veterans
Park provide cultural and historical appeal. Also, events like the Sulangan
Pilgrimage Walk and the Sulu-an Raid commemoration help drive increasing
tourist arrivals.
4.2 Perspectives of Tourism Stakeholders
4.2.1 Local Community
The findings in Table 1: Local Community’s Survey Results Tabular

Representation demonstrate a strong willingness among the local community
to participate in community-based tourism (CBT) in line with ASEAN CBT
standards. The high mean scores reflect their readiness to embrace CBT
approaches (3.82), their belief that both young and old should contribute to
the island’s development (3.75), their openness to training for improved
interactions with tourists (3.81), and their willingness to collaborate with tour
operators (3.79). The community also shows a commitment to environmental
protection, tourist safety, cleanliness, and providing accommodations.
Residents of all ages are eager to engage in conversations and offer
suggestions, which bring their support for government initiatives that
encourage community involvement in developing Calicoan as a tourist
destination.
4.2.2 Tourist
The survey results indicate that tourists believe Calicoan Island has strong
potential to become a major tourist destination, commending the hospitality
of the local community and the absence of discrimination. Tourists are
satisfied with the balance of educational and enjoyable tours, well-
maintained dining areas, and safety precautions in accommodations. They
support the development of a community-based tourism (CBT) plan,
recognizing the local community’s ability to manage tourism through various
locally run establishments and services, which reinforces the island's
potential as a future destination.
4.2.3 Local Government Unit
The local government unit identifies key aspects for developing tourism on
Calicoan Island, as mentioned by the municipal mayor and tourism officer
(Figure 7). They recommend training and seminars to enhance local tourism
knowledge, which would create income and employment opportunities for
residents. The officials emphasize the need for local and foreign investors to
establish essential tourism infrastructure. While acknowledging the
challenges posed by the island’s vulnerability to typhoons, they remain
committed to community-based tourism initiatives. The mayor also points
out the island’s potential for ecotourism, while the tourism officer expresses
concerns about issues related to privately owned properties.
4.3 SWOT Analysis
Calicoan Island’s strengths include its white sand beaches, undamaged

natural landscape, and reputation as the Surfing Capital of Visayas. It is
under the marine Protected Landscape and Seascape of the Philippines, with
local government support in terms of tourism promotion and local product
offerings.
However, its weaknesses include limited public transportation, weak phone

reception, only one food establishment, a lack of souvenir products, and a
language barrier.
Opportunities lie in the island’s natural resources, potential online marketing

strategies, and improved accessibility with the reconstruction of Guiuan
Airport.
Threats include environmental risks such as disaster susceptibility, natural

resource exploitation, lack of waste management, and concerns over local
identity.
5. Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion
The study concludes that the progress of the tourism industry in Calicoan
Island is continuously growing. The island proudly presents its significant
natural and built attractions, and religious events that capture tourists.
Although the infrastructure services such as public transportation,
accommodations, and dining options are not enough, especially during peak
tourist season.
With that, the positive feedback of the local government and community with
regards to using the CBT approach in the formulation of a tourism
development plan has been proven to be most advantageous for the area.
The goal of these tourism stakeholders will be to maximize their strengths,
improve on their weaknesses, develop their opportunities, and prepare and
plan for the threats.
Recommendations
The researchers recommend changing Calicoan Island into a comprehensive
tourist destination, not just because of its popularity as the ‘Surfing Capital of
Eastern Visayas’. This involves training and empowering the local community
to improve their skills in managing tourism and providing services. Through
the use of the CBT approach, the Island can improve the livelihoods of the
locals and strengthen both social and economic progress.
The development plan should focus on enhancing the infrastructure and

projects that are relevant to tourism that ensures the sustainable
development of the natural and human resources of the Island are achieved.
For successful implementation, increase in participation of the community is
important. The strategy encourages the locals’ activity, participates in the
process of decision-making, and acts together that affects the development
of the area, creating long-term benefits. In the end these procedures can
contribute to the growth of the economy and reduction of poverty while
developing effective communication between local governments and in the
community.

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SUMMARIZATION:

The introduction discusses community-based tourism (CBT) as a sustainable

This study aims to create a CBT-driven plan for developing tourism on

1.1 Theoretical Framework

2.1 Background of the Tourism Industry

Tourism Planning is significant for the development of the industry because it

2.3 Community-based Tourism (CBT)

Community-based Tourism talks about how the local community of a

2.4 Perspective of the Local Community

2.5 Background of Calicoan Island

2.6 The Conceptual Model

The research utilizes a mixed-method design that combines both quantitative

4. Findings, Results, Discussions

4.1 Current Situation of Tourism Development Factors of Calicoan Island

The current situation of tourism development on Calicoan Island is

4.2 Perspectives of Tourism Stakeholders

4.2.1 Local Community

The findings in Table 1: Local Community’s Survey Results Tabular

4.2.3 Local Government Unit

4.3 SWOT Analysis

Calicoan Island’s strengths include its white sand beaches, undamaged

However, its weaknesses include limited public transportation, weak phone

Opportunities lie in the island’s natural resources, potential online marketing

Threats include environmental risks such as disaster susceptibility, natural

5. Conclusion and Recommendation

The development plan should focus on enhancing the infrastructure and

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